Glosario de términos de deportes de taco

El siguiente es un glosario de términos tradicionales del idioma inglés utilizados en las tres disciplinas principales de deportes de señal : billar carambola (o carambole) que se refiere a los diversos juegos de carambola que se juegan en una mesa de billar sin bolsillos ; billar , que denota una serie de juegos que se juegan en una mesa con seis bolsillos; y billar , que se juega en una gran mesa de bolsillo y que tiene una cultura deportiva en sí misma distinta de la del billar. También hay juegos híbridos de bolsillo / carambola como el billar inglés .

Definiciones e idioma [ editar ]

El término " billar " se usa a veces para referirse a todos los deportes de taco, a una clase específica de ellos, oa otros específicos como el billar inglés; este artículo utiliza el término en su sentido más genérico, a menos que se indique lo contrario.

Las etiquetas " Británico " y " Reino Unido " aplicadas a las entradas de este glosario se refieren a términos que se originan en el Reino Unido y que también se utilizan en países que fueron recientemente parte del Imperio Británico y / o son parte de la Commonwealth of Nations , en contraposición a la terminología estadounidense (y, a menudo, canadiense ). Los términos "estadounidense" o "EE. UU.", Según se aplican aquí, se refieren generalmente al uso en América del Norte. Sin embargo, debido al predominio de la terminología estadounidense originario en más competitiva a nivel internacional de la piscina (a diferencia de billar), Los términos estadounidenses también son comunes en el contexto del pool en otros países en los que el inglés es al menos un idioma minoritario y los términos estadounidenses (y el francés prestado) predominan en el billar carambola . Del mismo modo, los términos británicos predominan en el mundo del snooker, el billar inglés y el blackball , independientemente de la nacionalidad de los jugadores.

El término "bola negra" se utiliza en este glosario para referirse tanto a la bola negra como al billar de ocho bolas como se juega en el Reino Unido, como una forma abreviada. Se eligió Blackball porque es menos ambiguo ("billar de ocho bolas" se confunde demasiado fácilmente con el estándar internacional de " ocho bolas "), y el blackball está estandarizado a nivel mundial por un organismo rector reconocido por el Comité Olímpico Internacional , el World Pool-Billiard Asociación (WPA); Mientras tanto, su antepasado, el billar de ocho bolas, es en gran parte un juego popular, como el billar de bar de América del Norte., y en la medida en que sus reglas han sido codificadas, lo han hecho autoridades en competencia con diferentes conjuntos de reglas. (Por la misma razón, la información del glosario sobre ocho, nueve y diez bolas se basa principalmente en las reglas estables de la WPA, porque hay muchas ligas de aficionados en competencia e incluso giras profesionales con reglas divergentes para estos juegos).

Los términos en idiomas extranjeros generalmente no están dentro del alcance de esta lista, a menos que se hayan convertido en una parte integral de la terminología del billar en inglés (por ejemplo, massé ), o que sean cruciales para una discusión significativa de un juego que no es ampliamente conocido en el mundo de habla inglesa. .

1-9 [ editar ]

1 cojín: Consulte el artículo principal de carambola de una banda .
1 bolsillo: Consulte el artículo principal de One-pocket para el juego.
3 bolas: Vea el artículo principal de Three-ball para el juego.
3 cojines: Consulta el artículo principal del juego de billar de tres bandas .
4 bolas: Consulte el artículo principal de Billar de cuatro bolas para el juego.
5 pines: Vea el artículo principal de billar de cinco pines para el juego anteriormente italiano, ahora estandarizado internacionalmente; o billar de pin danés para el juego tradicional de cinco pines de Dinamarca.
6 bolas: Vea el sub-artículo de Nine-ball # Six-ball para el juego.
bola 8: Consulte el artículo principal de ocho bolas del juego. Vea la entrada de 8 bolas , debajo de la sección " E " a continuación, para ver la bola. Ver bola 8 (desambiguación) para usos derivados.
Bola 9: Vea el artículo principal de Nine-ball para el juego. Vea la entrada de la bola 9 , debajo de la sección " N " a continuación, para la bola.
9 pines: Vea el artículo principal de Goriziana para el juego a veces llamado nueve pines .
10 bolas: Vea el artículo principal de Ten-ball para el juego.
Liquidación 16-rojo: En billar , un despeje total en el que el descanso comienza con una bola libre . El descanso incluye colocar una bola de color contando como roja y los 15 rojos.

A [ editar ]

sobre: Se usa en billar en referencia a la posición de la bola blanca . Está por encima de la bola objetivo si está fuera de línea en el lado del cojín de apoyo de la línea imaginaria para un bote recto (por ejemplo, "querrá terminar por encima del azul para entrar en el rosa y los rojos "). También es común usar el término alto en su lugar. ^[1]
acción: 1. Juegos de azar o posibilidades de juego (EE. UU.).; 2. Resultados vívidos en una bola, generalmente la bola blanca , a partir de la aplicación de efectos .; 3. Corto para la acción de señal .
adicional: Se usa con una cantidad para indicar el dinero agregado al fondo de premios de un torneo además de la cantidad acumulada de las tarifas de inscripción (por ejemplo, "$ 500 agregados"). ^[2]
carrera por delante: También adelante sesión . Un formato de partido en el que un jugador tiene que establecer una ventaja de un número acordado de fotogramas ( juegos ) para ganar (por ejemplo, en una carrera de diez por delante, un jugador gana cuando ha ganado diez racks más que el oponente). ^[1] Contraste carrera [a] .
línea de puntería: Una línea imaginaria trazada desde la trayectoria deseada en la que se enviará una bola objetivo (generalmente el centro de una tronera ) y el centro de la bola objetivo. ^[3]
ancla: Para congelar una pelota en un cojín ; se puede decir que una bola de este tipo está anclada (británico: apretado ). Este término es en gran parte una jerga obsoleta del billar balkline . ^[1]^{: 9}
enfermera ancla: Un tipo de disparo de enfermera utilizado en juegos de billar carambola . Con una bola objetivo de ser anclado ( congelado , British: ajustado ) a un cojín y la segunda bola objetivo sólo un poco de distancia de la almohadilla, la bola de señal se pasta suavemente a través de la cara de las dos bolas, la congelación el balón al carril y en movimiento la bola congelada se alejó a la misma distancia que su compañero estaba anteriormente, en una configuración idéntica pero invertida, en posición para ser golpeada nuevamente por la bola blanca desde el lado opuesto para repetir este patrón, de un lado a otro. ^[1]^{: 9} Compare el cañón de cuna .
espacio de anclaje: Una caja de 7 por 14 pulgadas (180 mm × 360 mm) dibujada en la mesa de billar balkline donde una balkline se encuentra con el cojín que establece el área del encerrado como parte de los dos espacios balk contiguos . Originalmente de 3,5 por 7 pulgadas (8,9 cm × 17,8 cm), se introdujo para combatir la enfermera de ancla y se aumentó a su tamaño actual para reducir la eficacia de la enfermera de mandril , que se desarrolló como respuesta a la caja original. ^[1]
Ángulo de incidencia: El ángulo en el que una pelota se aproxima a un cojín , como se mide desde la perpendicular al cojín. ^[4]^{: 120} La frase se ha utilizado desde 1653. ^[1]
ángulo de reflexión: Ángulo desde el cual una pelota rebota en un cojín , medido desde la perpendicular al cojín. ^[1]^[4]^{: 120}
bola en ángulo: En el snooker y el billar , una bola blanca situada en las mandíbulas de una tronera de manera que no se puede golpear directamente a la bola . ^[1]^[5]^{: 32} Compare el gancho de esquina .
arco: La medida en que la bola blanca se curva como resultado de un tiro semi- massé o massé .
apéndice: También bola del ápice , ápice del triángulo , ápice del diamante o ápice del bastidor .
La bola colocada en la parte delantera de un grupo de sacudido bolas objeto (es decir, hacia el interruptor y más lejos de la racker), y en la mayoría de juegos situado sobre la mesa de punto de pie . ^[5]^{: 32}
alrededor de la mesa: En los juegos de carambola, un tiro en el que al intentar anotar, la bola blanca hace contacto con tres o más bandas , generalmente incluyendo ambos rieles cortos . ^[5]
alrededor de las casas: Se usa en el snooker para describir el camino que la bola blanca debe tomar para entrar y salir del baulk como resultado de un juego de mala posición , específicamente al rodear los colores del baulk de tres o más bandas , normalmente en un tiro en azul para terminar en rojo. como resultado de terminar bajo en azul.

B [ editar ]

espalda

Igual que estaca (verbo). ^[1]

corte de espalda

Un tiro de corte en el que si se trazara una línea desde la bola blanca hasta el carril detrás de la bola objetivo objetivo , perpendicular a ese carril, la bola objetivo estaría más allá de la línea con respecto a la tronera objetivo. ^[6]

partidario

Igual que el caballo de estaca .

Reproducir medios

Steve Davis juega una pelota giratoria hacia atrás para evitar que la pelota caiga en el bolsillo lateral.

girar hacia atrás

También efecto de retroceso , retroceso , giro hacia atrás . ^[1]

Igual que dibujar . Vea la ilustración en centrifugado .

Giro superior en contraste .

bolso

Principalmente británicos. Igual que de bolsillo .

bayeta

Un paño de lana grueso que se usa para cubrir las mesas de billar, generalmente de color verde. A veces llamado fieltro , basado en una similitud en apariencia, aunque muy diferente en maquillaje. ^[1]

Punto de equilibrio

El punto, generalmente a unas 18 pulgadas de la parte inferior de un taco , en el que el taco se equilibrará cuando descanse sobre una mano. ^[1]^[5]^{: 32}

obstáculo

También balk espacio .

1. Un área definida en una mesa de billar por una o más balklines . En el juego homónimo de billar balkline , hay ocho balks definidos por balklines perpendiculares, en los que solo se puede anotar un número determinado de carambola antes de que al menos una bola deba salir del área. ^[1]^{: 15} En el "juego de campeones " anterior (y de corta duración) , había cuatro balks triangulares, uno en cada esquina, definidos por balklines diagonales simples. No debe confundirse con baulk , pero consulte la segunda definición.

2. Un área definida en una mesa de billar , en juegos como billar , snooker , billar inglés y bagatelle , por una sola línea balkline (dibujada o imaginaria) que corre a través de la mesa cerca del extremo de la cabecera ( inferior ); exactamente dónde depende del tipo y tamaño de la mesa. Este obstáculo es donde la bola blanca se coloca en el retraso de plomo, por lo que la apertura ruptura tiro, ya veces para otros fines, dependiendo del juego. Este uso de "balk" es estrictamente técnico y rara vez se usa en la práctica. En la piscina, esta área se llama cocina.y está dividido del resto de la mesa por la cuerda de la cabeza , mientras que en el snooker, el billar inglés y el blackball es el baulk de tamaño algo diferente y delimitado , definido por la línea de baulk . En las mesas de baulk, que tienen una "D" en el interior, y en las mesas de billar con una caja de descanso en la cocina, el área real desde la que disparar es incluso más pequeña que el baulk o la cocina, respectivamente: un balk dentro del balk.

balkline

También balk line .

1. Una línea trazada horizontalmente desde un punto en el riel de una mesa de billar hasta el punto correspondiente en el riel opuesto, definiendo así una región (un balk ). En el billar balkline del mismo nombre hay cuatro balklines, dibujados paralelos y típicamente a 14 o 18 pulgadas de los cojines de la mesa, dividiéndola en nueve compartimentos o divisiones, de los cuales los ocho exteriores son los balks, en los cuales solo un número determinado de Se pueden anotar carambola antes de que al menos una bola deba salir del área. ^[1]^:¹⁵ No debe confundirse con la línea baulk , aunque los conceptos y etimologías están relacionados. Ver balk , segunda definición.

2. Anteriormente, en " el juego de los campeones ", una línea trazada en diagonal desde una barra larga a una corta en las esquinas de la mesa , definiendo un espacio triangular balk en cada una.

3. Un tipo de juego de billar carambola , también llamado billar balkline , creado para eliminar carreras muy altas en línea recta que se basaban en tiros de enfermera repetitivos . ^[1]^{: 15}

bola y bolsillo

Igual que el disparo de llamada .

pelota en mano

También bola blanca en mano . La opción de colocar la bola blanca en cualquier lugar de la mesa antes del lanzamiento, en un juego de billar . Por lo general, solo está disponible para un jugador cuando el jugador contrario ha cometido algún tipo de falta según las reglas de un juego en particular ^[1]^[5]^{: 32, 36} (cf. el tiro libre en baloncesto a modo de comparación). Véase también en la mano para la definición de billar . Una variación común, que se usa en juegos como el billar directo y, a menudo, en el billar del bar., es bola en mano "detrás de la cuerda de la cabeza", también "detrás de la línea" o "de la cocina", lo que significa que la opción de bola en mano está restringida a la colocación en cualquier lugar detrás de la cuerda de la cabeza , es decir, en el área. de la mesa conocida como la cocina .

bola en

No siempre con guiones. Plural: bolas . ^[7] También en bola [-] .

Cualquier bola que se pueda golpear legalmente sobre la mesa en billar y en terminología generalmente británica. ^[5] Por ejemplo, en blackball , ^[7] si un jugador está jugando amarillas , cualquier bola amarilla (o cualquier sólida, del 1 al 7, si usa un juego de bolas de colores sólidos y rayas) puede ser la bola hasta todos están en macetas , en cuyo caso la bola 8 es la bola sobre. En el snooker , al comienzo del turno de un jugador, a menos que ya estén todos en el bote, cualquier bola roja puede ser la bola. ^[1] Compare la bola objetivo .

estante de la bola

1. Igual que rack (sustantivo), sentido 1

2. Igual que el bastidor de puntuación

3. Un estante de pared diseñado exclusivamente para almacenar bolas.

retorno de pelota

Un contenedor de recolección montado debajo del extremo de los pies de una mesa, al cual las bolas colocadas en cualquier bolsillo regresarán por medio de canalones o comederos asistidos por gravedad que van desde la abertura de cada bolsillo hasta el contenedor; estos son el mecanismo de retorno de la bola , que puede ser interno a la mesa o un sistema de canalón externo. Los retornos de bolas han estado en uso desde al menos el siglo XVIII. Los bolsillos que simplemente acumulan bolas se conocen como bolsillos abatibles . ^[1] Una mesa sin retorno de bola puede denominarse "mesa de caída libre", mientras que una mesa con retorno de bola puede denominarse "mesa de barranco". ^[5]^{: 37, 39} Las mesas de bar que funcionan con monedas tienen mecanismos de retorno de bola que separan la bola blanca de labolas objetivo de modo que las bolas objetivo se capturen cuando se emboquen hasta que termine el juego, luego se suelten cuando se pague de nuevo, mientras que la bola blanca se devuelve continuamente para continuar jugando después de los scratches . Este tipo de mesa puede utilizar una variedad de métodos para distinguir la bola blanca de las bolas objetivo, incluida la bola blanca magnética , la " roca " decerámica densay labola" pomelo " degran tamaño. También se han ideado mecanismos de retorno de bolas que utilizan una bola blanca más pequeña y ligera, en lugar de una magnética o más pesada. Hay mesas que utilizan sensores ópticos para distinguir una bola blanca estándar de las bolas objetivo.^[8] Algunos de ellos también están configurados para devolver la bola 8, de modo que embocarla en el descanso no termina el juego.

petardo

Un término despectivo para un jugador recreativo o principiante que "golpea" las bolas sin pensar en la posición ni intentar controlar la bola blanca ; también una referencia a la predilección de los principiantes por golpear la bola blanca con mucha más fuerza de lo necesario. ^[9] Compárese con el alfarero británico .

Banco

1. Igual que el cojín .

2. Igual que el tiro de banco .

tiro banco

También banco . Disparo en el que una bola objetiva es impulsada a uno o más rieles antes de ser embocada (o en algunos contextos, antes de alcanzar su objetivo previsto; no necesariamente una tronera). A veces, "banco" se combina para referirse también a tiros de patada , y en el Reino Unido a menudo se le llama doble . ^[1]^[5]^{: 32}

banco-el-8

Una variante de la regla común en las versiones de la bola ocho en el bar pool , en la que la bola 8 debe embocarse en un tiro de banco (generalmente esto se lograría mediante un tiro de banco propiamente dicho o un tiro de patada ); disparar el 8 directo es una pérdida de juego. Los jugadores pueden acordar antes de que el juego comience a invocar esta regla, o un jugador puede desafiar a otro jugador (que podría aceptar o rechazar) a concluir el juego de esta manera después de que ya esté en marcha. Jugar al banco 8 puede considerarse de mala educación si muchos otros jugadores están esperando para usar la mesa, ya que a menudo hace que el juego dure mucho más. A menudo, en las mesas de bar, tres arañazos determinan una pérdida. Lo mismo con el último bolsillo.

jugador de bar

También jugador de la liga de bares . Un jugador que juega predominantemente en bares / pubs , o que está en una liga de billar basada en bares . A menudo utilizado de manera peyorativa por los jugadores de la sala de billar para referirse a un nivel de habilidad menor percibido de dichos jugadores. Véase también bar piscina , mesa de bar .

bar piscina

También reglas de bar , piscina de pub , piscina de taberna .

Billar , casi siempre una variante de la bola ocho , que juegan los jugadores de barra en una mesa de barra . El bar pool tiene reglas que varían de una región a otra, a veces incluso de un lugar a otro en la misma ciudad, especialmente en los EE. UU. Los jugadores sabios aseguran la comprensión y el acuerdo de las reglas antes de participar en un juego de dinero bajo las reglas del bar. Las diferencias típicas entre la piscina bar y torneo de ocho pelota son la falta de bola en la mano después de una falta , la eliminación de un número de faltas, y (con conjuntos de bolas numeradas) el requisito de que sean la mayoría de los aspectos de un tiro llamados (incluyendo cojines y otras bolas de objetosser contactado) no solo la bola objetivo y la tronera . El bar pool se ha convertido en esta versión "quisquillosa" principalmente para que los juegos duren más, ya que el bar pool se juega típicamente en mesas que funcionan con monedas y cuestan dinero por juego en lugar de por hora. El grupo de liga competitivo que se juega en mesas de bar, sin embargo, generalmente usa reglas de liga internacionales, nacionales o locales / regionales, y no es lo que generalmente se entiende por "grupo de bar". No confundir con el juego de billar de bar .

mesa de bar

También cuadro de bar , mesa de bar , mesa de una taberna , tabla que funciona con monedas , mesa de máquinas recreativas .

Un tamaño distintivo de mesa de billar que se encuentra en bares , pubs o tabernas , así como en lugares como centros de entretenimiento familiar , salas de juego y boleras . Son más pequeñas que las mesas de tamaño completo que se encuentran en los salones de billar . Mientras que las mesas profesionales y de competición típicas miden 9 pies × 41 ⁄ 2 pies (2,7 m × 1,4 m), las mesas de bar son típicamente de7 pies × 31 ⁄ 2 pies (2,1 m × 1,1 m). En los bares casi siempre funcionan con monedas. Otro factor distintivo es la bola blanca; estas mesas capturan bolas de objetos embocadas para sacarlas del juego, pero devuelven selectivamente unabola blanca rayada . Históricamente, las bolas blancas tenían diferentes tamaños o densidades, por lo que podían separarse mecánicamente. Debido a que esto cambia las características de la bola blanca, estas bolas blancas no se juegan como bolas blancas de competición y, por lo tanto, los aficionados las desaprueban. Sin embargo, las mesas de bar modernas suelen utilizar una capa magnética dentro de una bola blanca de tamaño y peso reglamentarios combinada con un mecanismo magnético dentro del retorno de la bola de la mesa.sistema que separa la bola blanca sin requerir características de la bola blanca que afectan el juego. ^[10] También se han introducido sistemas que utilizan sensores ópticos para distinguir la bola blanca. ^{[8] Los} jugadores de la sala de billar también se quejan de que la tela que se usa en las mesas de bar es a menudo muy inferior (en particular, que es "lenta" y que el inglés no "toma" lo suficiente), y a menudo encuentran que los cojines no responden tanto como están acostumbrados. ^[1]

viga

También zona de baulk . En snooker , billar inglés y blackball , ^[7] el área de la parte inferior de la mesa que se encuentra entre la línea del respaldo y el cojín del respaldo , que alberga la "D" y es algo análoga a la cocina en la piscina de estilo americano . ^[1]^[5]^{: 33}

baulk color

En billar , cualquiera de las tres bolas de colores que quedan manchados en la línea de saque . ^[1] El izquierda a derecha verde , marrón y bola amarilla orden es el sujeto de la mnemónica frase " G od b menos y ou". ^[11]^{: 115}

cojín baulk

En billar , el cojín opuesto al cojín superior y delimitado por los bolsillos amarillo y verde . También conocido como cojín inferior . ^[1]

línea de baulk

También baulk-line . ^[12]^{: 10} Una línea recta trazada a 29 pulgadas (73,66 cm) de la cara del cojín de respaldo en una mesa de billar estándar de 6 × 12 pies . ^[1] Su posicionamiento varía en otros tamaños de tablas. Sincronizadores líneas también pueden ser dibujadas en inglés billar mesas, e incluso de estilo británico piscina mesas. La línea de refuerzo es una parte integral de la "D" . La posición de la línea de la baulk siempre se determina midiendo el cojín de la baulk, en contraste con la cuerda de la cabeza similar pero diferente , cuya posición está determinada por los diamantes .No confundir con balkline .

baulk rail

Igual que el riel inferior (Reino Unido), el riel de cabecera (EE. UU.).

punto de resistencia

También punto medio en baulk , punto de línea baulk , centro de la mancha baulk línea , etc. ^[11]^{: 23-24}^[12]^{: 10}

La mancha , generalmente sin marcar debido a su obviedad en la intersección de la línea de refuerzo y la cuerda larga . Como tal, también es el medio del lado plano de la "D" . En billar, igual que la mancha marrón . ^[11]^{: 23-24, 38}^[12]^{: 10} Compare el punto de la cabeza .

cama

La superficie plana de una mesa, sin incluir los cojines . ^[1]^[5]^{: 33} La cama está cubierta con tela de billar como los cojines. El área de juego de la mesa consiste en la cama, excepto donde el cojín sobresale de la cama, es decir, es toda la cama entre las narices del cojín . Las camas de calidad están hechas de pizarra lisa , aunque las mesas muy baratas pueden usar tableros de partículas o madera contrachapada . Las primeras camas eran simplemente las superficies de las mesas de madera en las que se jugaba el juego.

estar en accidente cerebrovascular

Ver en trazo .

debajo

Se usa en billar en referencia a la posición de la bola blanca . Está "debajo" de la bola objetivo si está fuera de línea en el lado de la banda superior de la línea imaginaria para un bote recto (por ejemplo, él querrá terminar debajo de la negra para entrar en las rojas ). Esto puede parecer contrario a la intuición, consulte más arriba para obtener una explicación.

grande

También pelotas grandes , grandes , grandes .

En bola ocho , disparar el traje a rayas ( grupo ) de bolas (9 a 15); "eres grande, recuerda", "eres grande" o "yo tengo los grandes". ^[1] Compare rayas , amarillos , altos , oversize ; contraste poco . No confundir con el concepto de billar carambola de una gran bola .

Pelota grande

Una metáfora del billar carambola , se refiere a una bola objetiva posicionada y abordada de tal manera que un casi fallo rebotará en un cojín y aún así marcará. Es como si la pelota fuera más grande de lo normal, lo que facilita el contacto. Normalmente, una pelota a un par de pulgadas de un riel es una pelota grande, pero solo si se aborda desde un ángulo y si todos los rieles prerrequisitos ya han sido contactados. Una pelota cerca de una esquina puede tener efectivamente un pie de ancho. No debe confundirse con el término de ocho bolas "las bolas grandes". En el uso británico más antiguo, el concepto se denominaba "bola grande". ^[1] Véase también " bolsillo grande ".

gran bolsillo

Una piscina y ocasionalmente billar plazo (heredado de billar de carambola a modo de " gran bola ", arriba), es una metáfora de un disparo que es muy difícil de carteristas fallida de cualquiera de una serie de razones, más comúnmente: o bien el objeto la bola está colocada de tal manera que un cuasi falla en un lado probablemente hará que la bola blanca rebote de la barandilla hacia la bola objetivo y la emboque de todos modos; u otra bola se coloca de manera que si la bola objetivo no entra directamente, es probable que entre la otra bola en un beso . Es como siel bolsillo, para esta única toma, se había agrandado. El término también puede referirse al ángulo de tiro hacia un bolsillo, especialmente un bolsillo lateral; Se dice que la tronera es "más grande", por ejemplo, en un tiro que está a solo 5 grados de distancia del recto, que en un tiro en ángulo de 45 grados, que es mucho más probable que golpee uno de los puntos de amortiguación y rebotar.

de billar

También tiro de billar .

1. Cualquier tiro en el que la bola blanca es carambola de una bola objetivo para golpear otra bola objetivo (con o sin tocar los cojines en el ínterin). ^[1]

2. En ciertos juegos de billar carambola como tres bandas , un intento exitoso de hacer un tiro de billar puntuable según las reglas de ese juego (como tocar tres bandas con la bola blanca mientras se ejecuta el billar). Un intento fallido de anotar, en este contexto, no sería llamado "billar" por los jugadores de tales juegos, incluso si cumpliera con la primera definición más general. ^[5]

billar

1. En los EE. UU., Canadá y en muchos países e idiomas diferentes (bajo diversas grafías) e históricamente, generalmente se refiere a todos los deportes de referencia ;

2. A veces se refiere solo a juegos de carambola en lugar de billar (especialmente en los EE. UU. Y Canadá);

3. En la terminología británica, se refiere principalmente al juego conocido en el resto del mundo como billar inglés .

vasos de billar

Vasos de billar

También anteojos de billar , especificaciones de snooker , etc. Anteojos especialmente hechos para deportes de taco , con lentes altos, colocados inusualmente altos, de modo que cuando la cabeza se baja sobre el taco para apuntar, con la nariz apuntando hacia abajo, los ojos aún pueden mirar a través las lentes en lugar de sobre ellas. Son especialmente populares entre los jugadores de billar (en particular, el campeón mundial de 1985 Dennis Taylor ).

bola negra

También el negro .

1. En billar , la bola de color de mayor valor en la mesa, que vale siete puntos. ^[1] Se coloca en la mancha negra . ^[12]^{: 9} En algunos juegos de bolas de billar (especialmente estadounidenses), se numera "7" en su superficie.

2. Principalmente británica: la bola negra (normalmente numerada con "8") en la bola negra estándar y en la piscina tradicional de 8 bolas , o la bola número 8 un poco más grande pero idéntica en un conjunto de piscina Kelly (también conocida como "americana" o más propiamente una conjunto de piscina estándar WPA ). ^[7] Véase también bola 8 .

punto negro

El lugar marcado en una mesa de billar en el que se coloca la bola negra . En mesas del tamaño de un torneo, es 123 ⁄ 4 pulgadas (324 mm) del cojín superior , en la cuerda larga . ^[12]^{: 9} Es decir, está entre el cojín superior y la pirámide .

blanco

1. Una mitad inferior sin terminar de un taco de dos piezas (la sección de tope ) con el empalme completado, pero el taco aún no se ha girado en un torno para producir la forma final, y aún no se han agregado ciertas características, como una envoltura , un empalme mecanismo , tapa de tope , parachoques e incrustaciones . ^[1]^{: 29}

2. Una entrada fallida en la mesa. También conocido como huevo de pato , huevo de ganso , cifrado o nada . ^[1]^{: 29}

prueba de sangre

Cualquier tiro muy difícil que deba hacerse bajo presión. ^[13]

bola azul

También el (los) azul (s) .

1. En el billar , la bola de color vale cinco puntos, ^[1] colocada en el punto azul en el centro de la mesa. ^[12]^{: 9} En algunos juegos de bolas de billar (especialmente estadounidenses), se numera "5" en su superficie.

2. En la variante del juego de ocho bolas blackball , también conocida como billar de ocho bolas, un reemplazo de color diferente pero idéntico para el grupo rojo (es decir, cuáles serían los sólidos en un juego de bolas de billar estilo americano ). ^[14]

mancha azul

El lugar marcado en una mesa de billar en el que se coloca la bola azul . Independientemente del tamaño de la mesa, está en el centro de la mesa a lo largo y a lo ancho (es decir, es el mismo que el punto central . ^[12]^{: 9}

cuerpo ingles

La práctica inútil pero común de contorsionar el cuerpo mientras se está en juego un tiro, generalmente en la dirección en la que se desea que se desplace la pelota o pelotas, como si tuviera la vana esperanza de que esto influya en la trayectoria de las pelotas; el término se considera humorístico. ^[1] Véase también inglés .

botella

También agite la botella , la botella de guisante , píldora botella , botella de recuento , botella de kelly .

La botella que se usa en varios juegos para contener guisantes numerados , se emplea para asignar lugares aleatorios a los jugadores en una lista (como en un torneo), o para asignar bolas al azar a los jugadores de un juego (como en Kelly Pool y Bottle Pool ). ^[1]^[5]

fondo

1. Principalmente británicos: la mitad de la mesa desde la que se toma el tiro de quiebre . Este uso es conceptualmente opuesto al de América del Norte, donde este extremo de la tabla se llama cabeza . Top en contraste . Véase también baulk .

2. Principalmente estadounidense: Exactamente lo contrario de lo anterior: el pie de la mesa. Ya no es de uso común.

3. Abreviatura de giro inferior , es decir, igual que tornillo (británico), empate (americano).

cojín inferior

Principalmente británico: el cojín en el riel inferior . También conocido como cojín baulk , especialmente en billar . Compare el cojín para la cabeza (EE. UU.); cojín superior en contraste .

riel inferior

Principalmente británico: el carril corto en la parte inferior de la mesa . Tradicionalmente, este es el riel en el que aparece el logotipo del fabricante de la mesa. También conocido como baulk rail , especialmente en billar . Compare el riel de la cabeza (EE. UU.); riel superior de contraste .

giro inferior

También bottomspin , bottom-spin , bottom .

Igual que girar hacia atrás , es decir, atornillar (Reino Unido), dibujar (EE. UU.). Giro superior en contraste . Vea la ilustración en centrifugado .

bouclée

Un tipo de puente que se forma entre el pulgar y el índice, creando un bucle para que pase la señal . Utilizado principalmente en billares de carambola , el término francés significa "rizado". ^[15]

rotura

1. También break shot o break off , como sustantivo. Normalmente describe el primer disparo en la mayoría de los tipos de juegos de billar. En los juegos de carambola describe el primer intento de punto, como un tiro desde una bola blanca invariable y la colocación de bolas objetivo ; en muchos juegos de billar describe el primer tiro, que se utiliza para separar las bolas objetivo que se han acumulado juntas; ^[1]

2. A series of consecutive pots by a player during a single inning. Most often applied in snooker and English billiards, e.g., "The player had a break of 89 points".^[1]^[5] (chiefly British; compare US run). See also Maximum break.

break and dish

Same as Break and run (chiefly British).

break and run

Also break and run out.Chiefly American: In pool games, when a player breaks the racked object balls, pockets at least one ball on the break, and commences to run out the remaining object balls without the opponent getting a visit at the table. Hyphenated when used as an adjective or compound noun instead of a verbal phrase. See also run the table, rack and run.

break ball

In straight pool, the last object ball left on a table before the remaining fourteen balls must be racked so the player at the table may continue their run. It is called the "break ball" because it is common for players to try to leave this ball in such a position that they may easily pot it and billiard off of it to break open the rack of fourteen balls and continue their run.

break box

Diagram showing the break box and its relation to the kitchen area and head string

In European Pocket Billiard Federation (EPBF) nine-ball, the break box is a zone in the "kitchen" of the head (British: bottom) of the table, from which the break shot must be taken with the cue ball,^[16]^[17] not unlike the "D" zone used in snooker, English billiards and blackball. The break box consists of the middle 50% of the kitchen area, delimited latitudinally by the head rail (British: bottom rail) and head string(no la línea de apoyo ), y longitudinalmente por dos líneas paralelas dibujadas (en la tela, o más a menudo imaginariamente) desde los diamantes del riel de la cabeza que están más cerca de los bolsillos de las esquinas de la cabeza , hasta la cuerda de la cabeza (vea la ilustración a la derecha) a cada lado. Esta desviación de las Reglas Estandarizadas Mundiales de la WPA anula la técnica común de ruptura de la banda lateral para embocar la bola 9 para ganar el juego en la ruptura; aunque todavía son posibles las roturas de 9 bolas, son mucho más difíciles según esta regla. ^[16] Este requisito del EPBF Euro-Tour se agregó en 2008 al evento del equipo estelar de Europa vs. EE. UU. , La Copa Mosconi., pero no ha sido visto mucho por los no europeos a partir de 2011.

romper la señal de uno

Para desarmar el taco de dos piezas . Cuando se hace antes de la conclusión de un juego, puede indicar que se concede el juego. ^[1] Las diferentes ligas tienen diferentes reglas sobre este tema.

puente

O la mano del jugador o un puente mecánico que se usa para sostener el extremo del eje del taco durante un tiro. También la formación particular de la mano utilizada para este propósito (hay muchas). ^[1]^[5]

mano puente

La mano utilizada por un jugador como puente durante un tiro normal que no implica un puente mecánico . La mano de bridge suele ser la mano no dominante de un jugador. ^[1]

bola marrón

Also the brown.In snooker, the highest-value baulk colour, worth four points.^[11]^:38 It is placed on the brown spot.^[11]^:38^[12]^:9 In some (especially American) snooker ball sets, it is numbered "4" on its surface.

brown spot

The spot (often not marked) on a snooker table at which the brown ball is placed. Regardless of table size, it is the middle point of the baulk line.^[11]^:38^[12]^:10 I.e., it is the same as the baulk spot.^[12]^:10 The left-to-right order of the green, brown and yellow balls is the subject of the mnemonic phrase "God bless you".^[11]^:115

bumper

El parachoques en la parte inferior de un taco, generalmente hecho de goma, que aísla la tapa del tope del contacto con el piso y reduce en gran medida el ruido. El parachoques se patentó por primera vez en 1880. ^[1]

bruñido

1. Para sellar los poros de una madera cue 's eje frotando vigorosamente con un poco de material. El cuero se emplea comúnmente para la tarea, al igual que el papel moneda .

2. Frotar de manera similar y vigorosa el borde de la punta de un taco (especialmente uno nuevo) para fortalecerlo contra la formación de hongos y asegurarse de que esté perfectamente alineado con la férula .

3. Alisar abolladuras menores en el eje con un pulidor rígido .

bruñidor

1. Una almohadilla, generalmente de cuero, que se usa para pulir (sellar los poros de madera) un eje de taco .

2. Una herramienta de punta rígida que se usa para terminar y endurecer los lados de una nueva punta de taco .

3. Una herramienta de mantenimiento del eje , más comúnmente una varilla de vidrio cilíndrica, que se utiliza para suavizar pequeñas mellas en el eje. A veces, esto se hace después de hinchar la madera en el sitio de la incisión con una aplicación húmeda.

anillos bushka

Nombrados en honor a su innovador, el legendario creador de tacos George Balabushka , los anillos Bushka son bandas decorativas de material incorporado en los tacos de billar, comúnmente justo encima del área de envoltura , en forma de bloques de ébano y marfil, o en ocasiones de otros materiales, que se alternan en un patrón a cuadros. ^[18]

hacer negocios

Confabulación entre oponentes del matchplay que acuerdan de antemano el ganador de un partido en el que se apuesta el dinero de otras personas, con el fin de garantizar un día de pago. ^[1]

extremo

La parte inferior de un taco de billar que se agarra con la mano de un jugador. ^[1]^[5]

gorra de trasero

Una tapa protectora montada en el extremo de la culata de un taco.

botón

Un punto de bolas en una cadena de puntuación . ^[19]

C [ editar ]

calcuta

Subasta de un jugador en un torneo de billar. Se llama a cada jugador y los jugadores y los espectadores pujan por el jugador. El postor más alto paga su oferta a Calcuta y, al hacerlo, invierte en el éxito de ese jugador. Si un jugador gana o se coloca en el torneo, aquellos que "compraron" al jugador reciben un porcentaje del pago total de calcuta, generalmente rastreando el porcentaje de pago del fondo de premios del torneo. Por lo general, los jugadores tienen la opción de comprar la mitad de ellos mismos cuando un tercero gana la oferta más alta. Como dobles ingleses y escoceses , generalmente no en mayúscula.

llamada

Cualquier caso en el que un jugador tenga que decir lo que está a punto de hacer. Por ejemplo, en el billar directo, un jugador debe llamar a la tronera en la que se pretende meter la bola. Los términos más formales, usados en los libros de reglas y materiales de instrucción, incluyen designar y nominar . Pescado de contraste , bazofia .

seguro para llamadas

También llamado seguro

Applies specifically to games that enforce "call-pocket/call-safe" rules, which require the player to either call the ball and pocket, or call a safety on every shot. After a legal shot, where a called ball is not pocketed as designated, the incoming player has the option to pass the shot back to the player who missed the called shot. If a player calls "safe", then after a legal shot, the incoming player must accept the next shot, and may not pass the shot back to the player who called "safe".^[20] A call-shot/call-safe nine-ball example: Player A calls the ball-on, the 3 ball in this case, in the corner pocket but misses the shot. The cue ball rueda hacia abajo de la mesa y se detiene detrás de la bola 5 sin dejar un camino despejado hacia la bola 3 para el jugador entrante B. Dado que el jugador A no llamó "seguro", el jugador entrante B puede optar por devolver el tiro al jugador A (quien debe disparar).

disparo de llamada

También llamado tiro ; bolsillo de llamada o bolsillo de llamada .

Describe cualquier juego en el que durante el juego normal un jugador debe cantar la bola que se va a golpear y la tronera prevista; "La bola ocho es un juego de tiros de llamada". ^[5] A veces se lo denomina "call [ed]-pocket", " reglas de bola y bolsillo ", etc., para distinguirlo de la práctica común de pool de bar de América del Norte de exigir que se declaren todos los aspectos de los tiros, como como carambola , patadas y cojines to be contacted (this is sometimes also ambiguously referred to as "call-shot", but more accurately termed "call-everything" or "call-it-all"). Commonly in bar rules terminology, call-shot indicates how the shot will be made as compared to call-pocket which means simply that the ball must go into that pocket, details unnecessary. Though games with called shots technically require all shots to be called, obvious shots are seldom actually called, though such implied called shots must still be made. See also gentlemen's call.

called ball

The ball designated by a player to be pocketed on a shot.^[5]

called pocket

The pocket designated by a player to which a ball is to be shot.^[5]

cannon

British/Australian and sometimes Canadian term for carom. Formerly (19th century) sometimes spelled canon.^[21]

carambole

Also carambola.

1. The red object ball in carom billiards games. The term is thought to be derived from an orange-coloured, tropical Asian fruit, called a carambola in English, Spanish, and several other languages, in turn from karambal in the Marathi language of India.^[1]^[22]

2. A general-purpose term for carom billiards games.

3. (Obsoleto.) Nombre alternativo para el juego de carril recto .

4. Una carambola .

tarjeta

Abreviatura de tarjeta de torneo . ^[19]

billar

No debe confundirse con el carrom tradicional de juego de mesa que mueve discos , que a veces se juega con un pequeño taco.

1. La carambola se empezó a utilizar en la década de 1860 y es una abreviatura de carambola , que se utilizó anteriormente para describir la bola de objetos roja utilizada en muchos juegos de billar. ^[1] En el uso moderno, el significado más general de la palabra se refiere a cualquier tipo de golpe y rebote, ^[23] (una carambola ) desde un cojín o especialmente una pelota.

2. Más específicamente, abreviatura de un tiro de carambola , un cañón en la terminología británica, en el que se anota un punto en los juegos de billar carambola al lanzar la bola blanca hacia las dos bolas objetivo. ^[5]

3. In pocket games as a general class, carrom or carom shot is sometimes used more loosely, between the above two definitions, to refer to clipping an object ball with the cue ball to attempt to send either or both to desirable locations, not necessarily scoring in the process. In games in which pocketing the cue ball is a goal (e.g. Russian pyramid), carom can refer to sending the cue ball into a pocket after contacting an object ball (called a losing hazard in English billiards, it nevertheless scores points; but it is a foul in snooker, called an in-off, and in pool, called a scratch).

4. Abreviatura de billar carambola , como en "Me va mejor en carambola que en piscina". A veces pluralizado en este sentido como carambola .

ángulo de carambola

Esta sección está vacía. Puede ayudar agregando más . ( Diciembre de 2011 )

billar carambola

Artículo principal: Billar carambola

Una de las principales clases de deportes de taco , posiblemente la más antigua y, sin duda, la forma competitiva dominante hasta bien entrado el siglo XX. Se juega en una mesa sin troneras, y la puntuación se hace generalmente empujando una bola blanca en contacto con una bola objetivo , luego haciendo que la bola blanca toque una o más bandas antes de tocar otra bola objetivo; sin embargo, existen numerosas variaciones, algunas de las cuales involucran objetos adicionales, como alfileres verticales como objetivos o peligros . Las bolas de carambola suelen ser más grandes que las bolas de billar y, por lo general, se suministran en juegos de tres, aunque algunos juegos como el yotsudamarequieren cuatro. Históricamente, los juegos de carambola más populares en la era moderna eran carambola recta y carambola , seguidos del billar balkline , a su vez suplantado por el billar de tres bandas, que sigue siendo un deporte mundial competitivo importante y es el deporte de taco dominante en muchos países. Algunos juegos, como el billar inglés , son híbridos entre el billar carambola y el billar de bolsillo .

aventurero

Ver limón y saco de arena .

zanahoria

No debe confundirse con el billar carambola .

Carrom es un juego de mesa de la India, a veces jugado con un pequeño taco, aunque más a menudo con los dedos, en el que se deslizan pequeños discos en un tablero de juego para golpear otros discos en los bolsillos cortados en las esquinas del tablero. Es ancestral de varios otros juegos, incluidos novuss , pichenotte , pitchnut , crokinole y Chapayev . Su relación histórica con los juegos de billar no está clara.

atrapar un golpe

Ver Accidente cerebrovascular, captura a .

lugar central

También lugar central . El lugar (generalmente sin marcar, excepto en el billar ) ^[12]^{: 9} en el centro geométrico de la cama de la mesa. ^[5] Se encuentra en la intersección de la cuerda central y la cuerda larga . En el billar , se le conoce más comúnmente como el punto azul ^[12]^{: 9 Con} poca frecuencia también se le llama el punto medio .

cuerda central

Also center string.The (usually unmarked) line bisecting the centers of the two long rails (and of the side [Brit.: centre] pockets if any) and the center spot. It thus runs widthwise (i.e. the short way) across the center of the table. Its intersection with the long string, running lengthwise down the middle of the table, defines the position of the center spot.

A player with her bridge hand close to the centre pocket

centre pocket

En el Reino Unido, uno de los dos bolsillos uno a cada lado de una piscina , billar o Inglés billar de mesa a mitad de las bandas largas . Se cortan menos profundos que los bolsillos de esquina porque tienen una apertura de 180 grados, en lugar de 90 grados. A veces también se llama bolsillo del medio . Estos términos no se usan generalmente en los EE. UU., Donde prevalece el bolsillo lateral .

siglo

También cambio de siglo .

En el snooker , el billar inglés y otros usos británicos, una pausa de 100 puntos o más, que requiere meter al menos 25 bolas consecutivamente, en el snooker, pero se puede ganar mediante una combinación de técnicas de puntuación en el billar inglés, etc. Un siglo también significa anotando más de 100 puntos en un solo turno en grupo directo . Un siglo de siglos es el logro de 100 o más cambios de siglo en una carrera, una hazaña que pocos jugadores han realizado hasta la fecha . Véase también doble siglo .

tiza

Una sustancia en polvo que se coloca en la punta de un taco para aumentar su fricción y así disminuir el deslizamiento entre la punta y la bola blanca . La "tiza" no es tiza ( carbonato de calcio ), sino un compuesto de sílice y óxido de aluminio . La tiza se vende en cubos comprimidos, teñidos (comúnmente de azul) envueltos en cinco lados con una etiqueta de papel y se aplica (correctamente) de manera similar a la barra de labios en la boca. La tiza es esencial para los golpes que implican efectos ; si no se usa con frecuencia durante un juego, es probable que se produzcan errores . ^[1]^:^44–45La tiza de taco moderna fue co-inventada por el jugador profesional William A. Spinks y el ingeniero William Hoskins . ^[24]^[25] Véase también talco , a menudo denominado incorrectamente " tiza de mano ".

persiguiendo el dinero de uno

La incapacidad de algunos jugadores para dejar de jugar una vez que han perdido dinero porque "tienen" que recuperar su dinero.

engañar al bolsillo

Apuntar a una bola objetivo de manera que entre por un lado u otro, en lugar del centro, de una tronera (y posiblemente golpee la cara de la tronera y luego rebote en la tronera). Esto permite que la bola blanca golpee la bola objetivo en un punto de contacto diferente al más obvio. Hacer trampa en la tronera se emplea para el juego de posición , para permitir que una bola pase a otra que oscurece parcialmente el camino hacia la tronera, y para evitar rasguños en los tiros directos en los casos en que el empate no es deseable (o puede no ser confiable, por ejemplo, debido a distancia del bolsillo o aplastamiento ). ^[26] La cantidad de abaratabilidad de bolsillo disponible varía ampliamente según el juego, debido a las diferencias de equipamiento. Piscina has wide and thus very "cheatable" pockets, while snooker and Russian pyramid have pockets barely wide enough to admit a ball and therefore little room for error or for pocket-cheating.

check side

Also checkside or check. A type of spin imparted to the cue ball to make it rebound off a cushion at a shallower angle than it would if the spin had not been used. Normally played when the natural angle is no good to the player for the next shot.^[1]^:48

chesney

Sometimes known as a "Chesney Allen", a slight indentation in the table's slate which can add behavioral aspects to any ball passing over it. Tables containing a chesney are legal for match play, but are generally avoided by serious and professional players.

Chinese snooker

A Chinese snooker on the red ball

A situation where the cue ball is directly in front of another ball in the line of the shot such that the player is hampered by it, having to bridge over it awkwardly with the likelihood of a foul looming if the object ball is inadvertently touched.^[27] The term is most common in the game of snooker but is used in US parlance.

chuck nurse

Known as a rocking cannon in British terminology. A type of nurse used in carom billiards games. With one object ball frozen (British: tight) to a cushion and the second object ball a few inches away from the cushion, the cue ball is gently rebounded off the frozen ball, not moving it, but with just enough speed to meet the other object ball, which rocks in place but does not change position. Developed to thwart the restrictions emplaced by the Parker's box.^[11]^:8^[28]

choke

To commit errors while shooting, especially at the money ball, due to pressure.^[1]^:50 See also dog, one-stroke.

cinch a ball

To play a shot with the stroke and speed that makes it easiest to pocket the object ball, even at the expense of sacrificing position.^[6]

cinch a pocket

To maneuver a ball on a shot so that it will be favorably positioned for later play into a particular pocket, even at the expense of sacrificing position or the inning to achieve that result.^[6]

cinch position

Para ejecutar un golpe utilizando una aplicación más difícil de golpe y velocidad para lograr una determinada posición deseada para el siguiente golpe, incluso a expensas o aumentando drásticamente la probabilidad de error. ^[6]

limpio

1. Principalmente británicos. Describiendo un bote que va directo al bolsillo sin tocar ninguno de los nudillos .

2. Chiefly American. Describing a shot in bar pool: the pocketing of an object ball in a manner such that the target object ball does not kiss any other object ball, and is not banked, kicked, caromed, or combo'd in, and without double-kissing, though it may hit the knuckles, and depending upon local bar-rules may be allowed to contact either of the cushions, not just at the knuckle, that run into the target pocket. Usage example: "The 7 in that corner, clean". Usage can be narrower, to indicate clean other than as already specified, e.g. "bank the 7 in that corner, clean".

clearance

1. Sufficient space to legally execute a shot, without a foul (fault), e.g. from striking a ball that is not on. Usage examples: "I wonder if I really have clearance for the 8"; "I bet you can't clear the 6 and make that shot." Can apply to any shot situation, including vertically: "a long jump shot that has to clear three balls."

2. En snooker y blackball británico , el encajado exitoso de todas las bolas objetivo en un solo cuadro . Se dice que un jugador ha "despejado" o "despejado la mesa". Además, si un jugador de billar compila una pausa que consta de los 15 rojos con colores , entonces los colores en secuencia, esto se conoce como "liquidación total". Compare romper y correr .

3. A type of maneuver, the clearance shot or clearing shot, in which the cue ball ball is used to move one or more balls out of the way (directly or some by subsequent impact) then continue on to a desired destination. E.g., in a game of nine-ball, if the 1 and the 7 were clustered together along a cushion with the 9 behind them near a pocket, and the cue ball could strike the 1 full face with a result of the 1 heading off the 7 toward the top rail and the 7 rebounding quickly across the table from the cushion, the cue ball, with top spin could retain enough post-impact momentum to continue forward and pocket the 9 as long as both the 1 and the 7 were clearedprimero fuera del camino. En un juego como el de bola ocho , un tiro de despeje también podría usarse al final de una entrada para mover algunas bolas problemáticas que están bloqueando una carrera que de otra manera sería fácil , y dejar la bola blanca en una posición segura , con la esperanza de tener una mejor diseño para trabajar en la próxima entrada. Los ticks tickie se encuentran entre los enfoques de despeje más comunes, especialmente para distancias muy cortas de recorrido de la bola blanca más allá del contacto inicial. "Liquidación" es esencialmente lo contrario de " reunir ", aunque este último término se limita en gran medida al billar carambola .

adherirse

Phenomenon in which two balls, (usually the cue ball and an object ball) have some foreign material – typically often residual cue-tip chalk or dirt picked up from unbrushed cloth – between the balls at the point of contact, resulting in the struck object ball being thrown offline from the expected trajectory, and often also affecting the post-impact behavior of the cue ball. Cling is an exaggerated form of throw, caused by momentary but unusually gripping friction imparted by the chalk or other residue. Also known as skid, or in the UK, kick (sense 2). Una precaución típica contra el agarre es pedir al árbitro que limpie la bola blanca y / o la bola objetivo para quitar la tiza que ya está en la bola antes del tiro; y (incluso en juegos no arbitrados) los jugadores que limpian la bola blanca personalmente después de ganar la bola en la mano . El mantel también se puede cepillar entre fósforos. Cuando las condiciones parecen propicias para la adherencia (por ejemplo, pelotas visiblemente sucias), algunos jugadores hábiles recurren a usar de manera preventiva (y compensar) el engranaje fuera del inglés., una técnica anti-lanzamiento general. Sin embargo, ninguna precaución puede evitar el aferramiento resultante de la tiza transferida desde la punta del taco a la bola blanca durante un solo tiro. Por lo tanto, el agarre coincidente puede causar un juego impredecible y, ocasionalmente, hacer que se pierdan tiros rudimentarios incluso en los niveles más altos del juego. ^[29]^[30] "Cling" (y palabras derivadas como "clung", "clinger", "clinging", etc.) se pueden usar como sustantivo de masas, con menos frecuencia como sustantivo de conteo, como verbo y raramente como adjetivo ("agarrarse es molesto", "dos aferrarse en un cuadro", "se agarraron", "golpe de agarre involuntario", respectivamente). Ver patada para notas específicas de billar . Véase también bola muerta , sentido 2.

puente cerrado

También puente de bucle . Un puente formado por la mano donde un dedo (normalmente el dedo índice ) se curva sobre el taco y los otros dedos se extienden sobre la tela proporcionando un soporte sólido para la dirección del taco. Un puente cerrado es menos común en el juego de billar que en otros juegos. ^[1]^{: 52–3} Compare Open bridge .

tela

La tela de tapete que cubre la superficie de juego de las mesas y los rieles, generalmente está hecha de lana o una mezcla de lana y nailon. En uso desde el siglo XV, la tela es tradicionalmente de color verde, elegida por su evocación de la hierba. A veces, la tela se denomina incorrectamente "fieltro". Las propiedades del paño que se usa para cubrir una mesa, así como las condiciones ambientales que pueden afectarla, en particular la humedad, el grado de estiramiento al instalarlo y su nivel de limpieza, tienen un efecto profundo en el juego. ^[1]^{: 53} Véase también ayuno .

velocidad de la tela

Igual que la velocidad de la mesa .

grupo

Dos o más bolas de objetos que se tocan o están muy juntas. Los usos más raros del término incluyen la acción prevista de un tiro de recogida y una serie de puntos. ^[1]^{: 53}

sombrero doble

Un término que se aplica especialmente en el billar para un tipo de doble de tres cojines, por ejemplo, alrededor de los colores de la tira y en un bolsillo central . Un tiro así es muy difícil de realizar y normalmente no se jugaría como algo más que un tiro por nada .

collar

El protector de la articulación del taco en el extremo de la articulación del talón y el eje (es decir, el collar de tope y el collar del eje respectivamente). La mayoría de los tacos modernos usan collares de acero y / u otros materiales, pero los tacos de billar carambola generalmente tienen una junta de madera sobre madera sin collar , ^{[31] al} igual que los " petes furtivos ".

giro lateral inducido por colisión

Giro lateral impartido a una bola objetivo por la fricción del golpe de la bola blanca durante un tiro cortado .

lanzamiento inducido por colisión

Igual que el lanzamiento inducido por corte .

bola de color

Un juego completo de bolas de billar con 15 bolas rojas, seis bolas de colores y una bola blanca.

También bolas de colores , colores ; A veces también se usa el color de ortografía estadounidense .

1. En billar , cualquiera de las bolas objetivo que no sean rojas . Una bola de color debe estar en maceta después de cada color rojo en la continuación de una ruptura , y se re-descubierto hasta que los rojos se agotan, después de lo cual los colores se deben sellar herméticamente en su orden:

amarillo (2 puntos);
verde (3 puntos);
marrón (4 puntos);
azul (5 puntos);
rosa (6 puntos);
negro (7 puntos).

Aunque el término completo incluye "bola" después del color, se hace referencia más comúnmente a ellos con la omisión de "bola", simplemente indicando el color (por ejemplo, "ha tomado cinco negros con rojos hasta ahora").

2. En blackball , término genérico y colectivo para los grupos rojos y amarillos de bolas de objetos , correspondientes a los sólidos y las rayas (originalmente estadounidenses, pero que se usan mucho más ampliamente en la actualidad) , respectivamente. ^[7]

combinación

Also combination shot, combo.Any shot in which the cue ball contacts an object ball, which in turn hits one or more additional object balls (which in turn may hit yet further object balls) to send the last-hit object ball to an intended place, usually a pocket.^[5] In the UK this is often referred to as a plant.

contact point

The point on each of two balls at which they touch at the moment of impact.^[5]

containing safety

Un tipo de tiro de seguridad en medio de un intercambio de seguridad que no tiene la intención de poner al oponente en una situación difícil con respecto a su próxima seguridad, sino que se juega para no dejar un bote fácil . Un ejemplo típico en el snooker , que recibe la mayor cantidad de tiros de este tipo, es una acumulación lenta en el paquete .

enganchado en la esquina

Cuando el borde de la esquina de una tronera bloquea el camino de la bola blanca para que no entre en contacto con una bola objetivo. Intercambiable con " tittie-hooked ". ^[5]

bolsillo de la esquina

Cualquiera de los cuatro bolsillos en cada esquina de una mesa de billar o snooker . Tienen una apertura de 90 grados y, como tales, se cortan más profundamente que los bolsillos centrales, que tienen aperturas de 180 grados.

contar

1. Un tiro o puntuación exitosa; más común en los juegos de carambola. ^[5]

2. La puntuación de carrera durante una entrada de juego en la que se han realizado múltiples puntos sucesivos. ^[5]

golpe

Ver ejecutar un golpe .

cotgrave

Similar a la casualidad en la que un tiro se juega aparentemente sin apuntar a un bote o al billar, pero termina con el resultado deseado.

estante del mostrador

También cuenta estante , estante de bolas de contador , ^[11]^{: 187} etc.

Igual que el bastidor de puntuación .

cañón de cuna

Un tipo de tiro de enfermera que se utiliza en los billares ingleses en el que dos bolas de colores se colocan a cada lado de la boca de un bolsillo de la mesa de billar pero sin tocarse y, así colocadas, pueden ser contactadas sucesivamente y anotadas una y otra vez por la bola blanca sin moviéndolos. El primer uso conocido del cañón de cuna fue por Walter Lovejoy en 1907. El récord no oficial con el disparo lo tiene Tom Reece, quien en 1907, en el transcurso de un mes, anotó 499.135 puntos usando el cañón de cuna antes de detenerse sin fallar. Esta hazaña llevó a la Asociación de Billar a prohibir el tiro. El récord oficial lo tiene William Cook con 42.746 puntos anotados. ^[1]^{: 62} Compárese con la enfermera ancla .

arrastrarse

Desviación de una bola de su dirección inicial de viaje. A menudo es el resultado de una mesa de mala calidad y puede ser un artefacto de la tela , la cama , una bola con una distribución de peso desigual o simplemente el suelo sobre el que se apoya la mesa es desigual. No se debe confundir con la siesta de la tela.

cribbage

Un conjunto de bolas emparejadas en el juego de cribbage pool que tienen un valor numérico combinado de 15. Por ejemplo, la bola 8 y la bola 7 sumadas suman 15 y, por lo tanto, constituyen un cribbage si se embocan en sucesión. ^[32]

cruzar

Un descanso de "rastrillo cruzado"

También rastrillo cruzado o aparejo . Un tipo de descanso , con un eje recto y una cabeza en forma de "x" para apoyar el taco .

esquina transversal

Un tiro de banco que rebota en un cojín y se mete en el bolsillo de una esquina al otro lado de la mesa. ^[5]

cruz doble

Término británico que describe un tiro al banco en el que la bola blanca cruza la trayectoria futura de la bola objetivo . Estos tiros generalmente se juegan en un bolsillo central porque existe el peligro de un doble beso si se juegan en un bolsillo de esquina .

lado transversal

Un tiro de banco que rebota en un cojín y se lleva a un bolsillo lateral. ^[5]

entrepierna

La esquina formada por los rieles en una mesa de billar carambola. En las reglas modernas de riel recto , solo se pueden hacer tres conteos mientras ambas bolas objetivo están dentro de los límites de la entrepierna antes de que una bola deba ser expulsada. Los límites de cada una de las cuatro áreas de la entrepierna se miden trazando una línea desde el primer diamante en el riel del extremo hasta el segundo diamante en el riel largo . ^[5]

Maldición del crisol

El fenómeno de que (a partir de 2019) ningún ganador por primera vez del Campeonato Mundial de Snooker ha defendido con éxito el título al año siguiente desde que se mudó al Crucible Theatre en 1977.

señal

1. Sustantivo: También cue stick . Un palo, generalmente de alrededor de 55 a 60 pulgadas de largo con una punta hecha de un material como cuero en el extremo y, a veces, con una articulación en el medio, que se usa para impulsar las bolas de billar. Los tacos ligeros y más cortos a veces también se utilizan en juegos de disco relacionados con el billar, incluidos novuss y algunas formas de carrom , crokinole / croquignole y pichenotte / pitchnut .

2. Sustantivo: A veces "cue" es la abreviatura de bola blanca .

3. Verbo: Igual que trazo , definición 1

acción de señal

Principalmente británicos: la postura y el tiempo que usan los jugadores en sus tiros, a menudo indica cómo juegan en su selección de tiros. Un jugador rápido y natural tenderá a ser más agresivo, mientras que un jugador menos dotado naturalmente podría tener una acción lenta y tenderá a ser más conservador en la mesa. Se cree ampliamente que los mejores jugadores de billar se acercan más a la mesa con la barbilla en el taco , tienen la pierna hacia atrás recta, el codo inclinado en línea con el tiro y un seguimiento recto después de que se golpea la bola blanca . ^{[ cita requerida ]}

bola blanca

Also cue-ball, cueball.The ball in almost any cue sport, typically white in colour, that a player strikes with a cue stick.^[5] Sometimes referred to as the "white ball", "whitey" or "the rock".^[33] In Russian pyramid, the cue ball is usually red, but any ball can be used as a cue ball, with the exception of the dynamic pyramid variant. For more information, see the billiard ball main article.

cue ball control

See position play.

cue holder

1. Un dispositivo portátil para mantener las señales en posición vertical y listo para su uso inmediato. Los tipos más comunes son pesados y colocados sobre una mesa, con recortes semicirculares en los que pueden apoyarse las señales, o variedades de sujeción que se fijan firmemente a una mesa y que tienen clips o agujeros en los que se colocan las señales para mayor seguridad.

2. Igual que el soporte de taco .

3. Igual que el estante de pared .

potencia de señal

Un término principalmente británico que describe la cantidad de control que un jugador puede retener cuando juega tiros con mucho efecto y gran ritmo; "Se necesitó una tremenda potencia de taco para llegar a la bola 2 habiendo estado relativamente recta en la 1".

cue rack

1. Igual que el soporte de taco .

2. Igual que el estante de pared .

soporte de señal

Un mueble independiente o "isla" diseñado para almacenar tacos y, a veces, otros accesorios como el puente mecánico ( descanso ), pelotas , tiza , etc., cuando no se utilizan. Perchero de pared en contraste .

palo de señal

También cue-stick , cuestick . Igual que cue .

sugerencia

Un material, generalmente cuero, que se coloca en el extremo del taco que entra en contacto con la bola blanca. ^[5]

tiro de curva

Igual que semi- massé . Compare el tiro con desviación .

jugador de billar

Jugador de deportes de taco .

amortiguar

Los parachoques elásticos montados en todos los rieles de una mesa de billar , generalmente hechos de caucho o caucho sintético , de los cuales rebotan las bolas. ^[5] Antes del advenimiento de la fabricación de caucho vulcanizado a mediados del siglo XIX, los cojines de las primeras mesas de billar solían ser simplemente telas rellenas de paja, algodón u otras fibras; no eran muy elásticas, sino más silenciosas que las tablas de madera desnudas. La existencia de cojines y rieles se remonta a la era de los billares de tierra al aire libre , cuyas canchas a menudo estaban delimitadas por vallas cortas de mimbre o madera, a veces acolchadas. Para obtener piezas de cojines modernas específicas, consulte:cara , nudillos y nariz .

tiro inducido por corte

Lanzamiento ( desviación de la bola del objetolejos de latrayectoria de la línea tangente de la bola del objeto ), inducida por la fricción "deslizante" bola contra bola en todos los golpes de corte al menos en cierto grado. ^[34]^[35] A veces se denomina de forma más vaga como lanzamiento inducido por colisión . Uno de varios tipos de lanzamiento; ver tiro para más detalles.

tiro cortado

Técnicamente, cualquier tiro que no sea un golpe de centro a centro, pero que casi siempre se emplea cuando se describe un tiro que tiene más de un ligero grado de ángulo. ^[5]

D [ editar ]

"D", la: Un semicírculo con un 11+Radio de 1 ⁄ 2 pulgadas (291 mm), dibujado detrás de la línea de apoyo de una mesa de billar, centrado en el medio de la línea, y con forma de la letra mayúscula "D". La "D" también se utiliza en billares ingleses y, a veces, también en blackball y otros juegos de billar que se juegan en mesas de estilo británico . ^[5] El tamaño de la "D" generalmente se reduce en tablas más pequeñas.
golpe de dardo: Un golpe corto y suelto realizado de manera similar a como se lanza un dardo; generalmente empleado para un tiro en suspensión . Véase también dibujo de nip .
muerto: When two or more object balls are frozen or nearly frozen to each other, such that cue-ball contact with one object ball, without the necessity of great accuracy, will almost certainly pocket an intended object ball in the cluster. The most common form of dead arrangements are the dead combination or dead combo (a combination shot in which contact with the first object ball will pocket another one), and the dead kiss, in which contact with the first object ball will pocket it off of another one. See also wired.
dead cushion: Same as dead rail.^[6]
dead ball: 1. Short for dead ball shot.; 2. A ball that has been used for some time, with a dirty surface, as opposed to a slick new (or highly polished used) ball.^[19] A spinning dead ball will transfer more spin to other balls it comes into contact with, and not be as fast on the cloth. Even cut shot angles may be affected because of the cling or skid (British: kick) effect, and professional players often ask a referee to clean a ball, mid-game.^{[citation needed]} Others may actually be more used to dead balls and prefer them.^[19]
dead ball shot: Igual que el tiro mortal . ^[5]
carril muerto: Un cojín que ha perdido un grado de elasticidad elástica o que no está firmemente sujeto al riel de madera ; o un riel que no esté firmemente atornillado al marco de la mesa. En los tres casos, el resultado es que las bolas rebotan en el cojín con menos energía de lo normal.
golpe muerto: Cuando un jugador juega sin problemas, simplemente "no puede fallar" y el juego parece sin esfuerzo.
peso muerto: Describir un bote jugado a un ritmo tal que solo llega al bolsillo y entra sin golpear la espalda.
marco decisivo: También decisivo . El cuadro que decide el ganador de un partido cuando dos oponentes están empatados (en un empate) en un número igual de cuadros, con solo uno restante. El número total de fotogramas en un partido se establece en un número impar para permitir que el fotograma final actúe como un desempate, un factor decisivo, en el caso de que el partido alcance este fotograma.
desviación: 1. Desplazamiento de la trayectoria de la bola blanca alejándose de la línea paralela formada por la dirección de desplazamiento del taco ; ocurre cada vez que se emplea el inglés ( giro lateral ). El grado de deflexión aumenta a medida que aumenta la cantidad de inglés aplicado. También se le llama chorro , típicamente en los Estados Unidos, o desviación de la bola blanca .
La física del fenómeno de chorro o deflexión se ha analizado en otros contextos, como con los discos de hockey sobre hielo . ^[36]^[37]; 2. También la desviación de la bola objetivo : lo mismo que el lanzamiento .
falta deliberada: Also deliberate fault. A shot, especially common in straight pool and in some variants of blackball (but not WEPF/EPA rules^[7]), in which a player intentionally commits a foul with the object in mind of either leaving the opponent with little chance of running out or simply to avoid shooting where no good shot is presented and to do anything else would give the opponent an advantage. It is often referred to in straight pool as a "back scratch."
designate: Same as call. (Formal.)
develop: To move a ball (usually deliberately) from a safe position, e.g. close to the middle of a cushion or in a cluster, so that it becomes pottable.
diamond: 1.

A manufacturer's sample board showing various styles of diamond inlays for billiard tables.
One of a number of identical markings, usually inlaid into the surface above the rail cushions, used as target or reference points. Three equally spaced diamonds are normally between each pocket on a pool table. On a carom table, the pockets themselves are replaced by additional diamonds. Diamonds get their name from the shape of the markings traditionally used; though many today are round, square, etc., these rail markings are still referred to as "diamonds". They are also referred to as sights, especially in British English. (See also diamond system.); 2.

Acumulando un juego de siete bolas usando el estante de diamantes más comúnmente usado para nueve bolas , pero de lado. La bola 1 está a punto de colocarse en el punto del pie para completar el rack.
Una forma particular del bastidor balón , en forma de un paralelogramo ( "forma de diamante"), que se utiliza para acumular los juegos de nueve-bola y siete balón , aunque el estante triángulo también se puede utilizar para el primero, y hexagonales también existe bastidores para despues. (Ver también triángulo ).
sistema de diamante: Cualquier sistema de banca o de patear pelotas de varios rieles que utilice diamantes de mesa como referencias de puntería.
disciplina: 1. Un juego de deportes de taco (como ocho bolas , billar de tres bandas , balkline 18.2 , etc.), especialmente como una especialización profesional o amateur seria: "Fue Campeón del Mundo en tres disciplinas de billar".; 2. Un término de grupo artístico para una categoría de tiros con truco ; El grupo artístico se divide en ocho disciplinas, y los torneos APTSA presentan premios tanto específicos de la disciplina como completos. ^[38]
plato: Igual que agotado (principalmente británicos). Véase también descanso y plato .
chuleta: Una muesca en el paño de la mesa , especialmente en el punto del pie donde la bola del ápice a menudo se golpea en una posición segura durante el trasiego . En casos extremos, la muesca puede estar en el lecho de pizarra de la mesa, debido a un golpeteo excesivo durante muchos años, y puede causar que la mesa se ruede inesperadamente . Se utiliza una plantilla de rejilla para crear intencionalmente pequeños divots para todas las bolas en una rejilla.
perro: También persígalo .
1. Un término generalizado en el lenguaje estadounidense que describe fallar un tiro relativamente fácil, a menudo ante la presión. Se puede utilizar de muchas formas: "Seguí el tiro"; "Espero que lo persiga"; "Soy un perro". ^[6]^[39] Ver también estrangulador , un golpe .; 2. Igual que el slop shot (principalmente en el sur de EE. UU., Coloquial).
puntos: En el lenguaje principalmente del Reino Unido, el grupo de bolas sin rayas de un juego de quince bolas que están numeradas del 1 al 7 y tienen un esquema de color sólido. Compare sólidos , rojos , bajos , pequeños , pequeños , manchas , bajos ; rayas de contraste .
doble: Igual que el tiro de banco (principalmente británico).
siglo doble: También ruptura de doble siglo . En el billar inglés , una ruptura de 200 a 299 puntos (es decir, el doble de un siglo ). ^[40] Regularmente se alcanzan mayores siglos. Raro en el juego amateur, los siglos triples son rutinarios (y no es infrecuente cuadriplicarse) en los Campeonatos Mundiales de Billar Profesional ; El ganador de 2007, Mike Russell, disparó cuatro triples solo en la ronda final, mientras que de dieciséis competidores, tres dispararon cuatro siglos (uno una vez, uno dos y Russell tres veces). QuintuplicarLos siglos son raros incluso a nivel profesional, con solo los 494 disparos del nueve veces campeón mundial Russell (que tiene más títulos de este tipo que cualquier otro jugador en la historia a partir de 2007) acercándose en ese evento. ^[41] En 2007, ^[update]Peter Gilchrist ostenta el récord mundial, con un tredecuple siglo de 1346 puntos consecutivos. ^[42]
hamburguesa doble con queso, el: Igual que colina, colina .
eliminación doble: Artículo principal: Torneo de doble eliminación
También doble eliminación .
Un formato de torneo en el que un jugador debe perder dos partidos para ser eliminado. ^[5] Contraste de eliminación simple .
doble golpe: An illegal shot (foul) in which the cue stick's tip contacts the cue ball twice during a single stroke. Double hits often occur when a player shoots the cue ball when it is very close to an object ball or cushion, because it is difficult to move the cue stick away quickly enough after the cue ball rebounds off the cushion or object ball.^[1]^[5]
double kiss: A situation in which a ball strikes another ball that is close to a rail, and the struck ball rebounds back into the ball that it was hit by; usually but not always unintended.^[6]^[39]
double shimmed: Una mesa de billar donde se han colocado dos calzas a los lados de cada bolsillo (en las mandíbulas debajo de la tela), haciendo que los bolsillos sean más "apretados" (más pequeños). Estas tablas son "más resistentes" que las tablas sin calzar o con calzas simples.
doblar el riel: A veces se le llama tiro de serpiente . Un tiro de billar carambola, común en los billares de tres bandas , donde la bola blanca se lanza con un inglés inverso en un ángulo relativamente poco profundo hacia abajo de la barandilla y gira hacia atrás desde la barandilla adyacente hacia la primera barandilla. ^[5]
doble el bolsillo: Rebotar intencionalmente la bola blanca en ambos puntos de la tronera para lograr la posición . ^[6]
dobles: Una forma de juego en equipo en la que dos jugadores compiten contra otro equipo de dos jugadores en cualquier marco o partido . En un juego de dobles, el primer jugador del equipo que rompe es el único que dispara durante la entrada inicial , con el control de la mesa pasando a un miembro del equipo contrario al final de esa entrada, luego al final de la entrada del oponente. en la entrada al compañero de dobles del jugador original, y junto al segundo oponente, el juego procede de esta manera doblemente alterna hasta que concluye. El escocés de contraste se duplica .
mesa abajo: Hacia el pie de la mesa .
abajo-trou: Also downtrou. A traditional informal (pub pool and university student) rule, in blackball and eight-ball in Australia and New Zealand, is the "down-trou" or "pantsing" requirement: One who loses without pocketing any of one's own object balls is expected to honor this humiliation by dropping one's pants^[43] (or skirt). Such a player may be said to have been "pantsed". Depending on local tradition, the loser may be expected hobble a full lap around the pool table with one's pants around one's ankles, or even fully naked.^{[citation needed]} El término "down-trou" parece favorecido en Nueva Zelanda y "jadeando / jadeando" en Australia. ^{[se necesita aclaración ]} Esto parece ser una consecuencia de una práctica universitaria de novatadas llamada depravación o jadeo.
tiro de arrastre: Un tiro jugado lentamente y con mucho arrastre y seguimiento para que la bola blanca pueda golpearse con firmeza pero con mucho ritmo, lo que permite más control que un simple toque suave que viajaría tan lejos. También llamado "Drag Draw".
dibujar: También conocido como giro hacia atrás , un tipo de giro que se aplica a la bola blanca golpeándola debajo de su ecuador , lo que hace que gire hacia atrás incluso mientras se desliza hacia adelante sobre la tela. El giro hacia atrás ralentiza la bola blanca, reduce su recorrido y estrecha tanto el ángulo de carambola después del contacto con una bola objetiva como el ángulo de reflexión de un cojín . Hay varios términos variantes para esto, incluidos "fondo" y "giro de fondo" en los EE. UU. Y "tornillo" en el Reino Unido. Se cree que el dibujo es la primera técnica de giro comprendida por los jugadores de billar antes de la introducción de las puntas de cuero, y estaba en uso en la década de 1790. ^[1] Ver ilustración en giro..
sacar tiro: Un tiro en el que la bola blanca es golpeada por debajo de su ecuador con suficiente tracción para hacer que cambie de dirección en el momento del contacto con una bola objetivo porque todavía está girando hacia atrás . ^[1] Cuando el objeto y las bolas blancas están alineados en escuadra, la inversión será directamente hacia atrás, mientras que en un tiro cortado, el efecto alterará el ángulo de carambola . También puede referirse a cualquier tiro al que se le aplica un empate, como en "sáquelo del riel para los pies justo a la izquierda del diamante central". Vea la ilustración en centrifugado .
taladro: 1. Una rutina de práctica establecida;; 2. Golpear mal; "Le di un golpe a mi oponente".; 3. En terminología británica, un tiro al banco .
bolsillos abatibles: Bolsillos de red o ahuecados que no devuelven las bolas al pie de la mesa por medio de un sistema de canalón o una superficie inclinada debajo (en su lugar, deben recuperarse manualmente). ^[5]
descanso seco: Un tiro de ruptura en la piscina en la que se colocan bolas de cero objetos
Pato: 1. (Sustantivo): Derivado de "pato sentado", generalmente refiriéndose a una bola objetivo que se encuentra cerca de una tronera o en una posición que es virtualmente imposible fallar. Igual que percha (EE. UU., Coloquial), niñera (Reino Unido).; 2. (Verbo): Jugar intencionalmente un safety .
vertedero: Perder intencionalmente un juego, por ejemplo, para disfrazar la propia habilidad de juego. ^[9] Una forma extrema de sacos de arena . Véase también prisa . Véase también Amaño de partidos para el sinónimo "tanque", utilizado en los deportes de manera más general.
tiro de descarga: Un tipo de tiro de seguridad en el snooker donde la bola blanca se juega lentamente hacia arriba de la mesa para "volcarla" en la banda superior (generalmente) y dejar la bola objetivo a salvo. ^[44]

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Una bola 8

bola 8

También el 8 . La bola de dinero ( bola de juego o bola de marco ) en un juego de bola ocho y juegos relacionados . Es la última bola que debe embocarse , después del palo de siete bolas objetivo pertenecientes al jugador que tira para el 8 (embocar la bola 8 antes es una pérdida de juego, a menos que se haga en el break , en la mayoría de las variantes de reglas). Suele ser de color negro con el número "8" en un círculo blanco. En otros juegos, como nueve bolas y billar directo, el 8 es simplemente una bola objetivo. Debido a su color llamativo y su uso habitual como bola de dinero, se utiliza comúnmente como símbolo en la cultura popular .

bola ocho

Uno de varios juegos en última instancia derivó de un juego llamado BBC Company pool, promulgado por Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company desde alrededor de 1900 hasta la década de 1920. Tienen en común el uso de un estante de quince bolas objetivo y una sola bola blanca , un quiebre fuerte desde detrás de la cuerda de la cabeza o la línea de retroceso , y el objetivo de embocar ( meter ) todas las bolas de su propio palo y, finalmente, las negras. bola 8. Hay tres tipos generales de este juego:

eight-ball , una versión profesional originalmente estadounidense y ahora estandarizada internacionalmente, también sujeta al juego competitivo en equipo en numerosas ligas. Es el grupo de competición más jugado en el mundo, aunque no para los profesionales, entre los que domina la bola nueve . Utiliza un juego de bolas numeradas sólidas y con rayas . De bola y el bolsillo se denominan en cada disparo, con faltas ( faltas ) que resulta en bola en mano para el oponente, en cualquier lugar de la tabla.
blackball, también conocido como eightball pool, una variante originalmente británica, también favorecida en muchos países de la Commonwealth y partes de Europa continental, con ligas de aficionados y profesionales. Los dos nombres reflejan conjuntos de reglas ligeramente variantes, que difieren principalmente en el manejo de fallas ( faltas ). Los disparos no se llaman . Utiliza un juego de bolas amarillas y rojas . El grupo de pubs generalmente consta de variaciones locales menores en uno de estos dos conjuntos de reglas estandarizados.
"Straight eight" también conocido como bar pool , un conjunto muy divergente de variaciones de la bola ocho estándar y que también utiliza el conjunto de bolas de rayas y sólidos. Por lo general, requiere una versión muy estricta del juego de tiro llamado , en el que todos los aspectos de un tiro deben estar preespecificados, incluidos los besos , carambola , patadas y ladeados , con pérdida de giro como resultado de cualquier desviación. Las faltas absolutas ( faltas ) dan como resultado una bola blanca en la mano para el oponente, detrás de la cuerda de la cabeza.solo. Las reglas pueden variar de un lugar a otro, incluso dentro de la misma ciudad. Estas variantes surgieron principalmente para prolongar el juego en mesas que funcionan con monedas (" cajas de barras "). En América del Norte, muchos jugadores recreativos casuales no saben que existe otra forma de piscina más allá de la piscina del bar.

carril final

Cualquiera de los dos rieles más cortos de una mesa de billar.

inglés

Principalmente americano: también conocido como efecto lateral , el inglés (que normalmente no se escribe en mayúscula) ^[45] es un giro que se coloca en la bola blanca cuando se golpea con la punta del taco a la izquierda o derecha del centro de la bola. El inglés tiene un efecto marcado en el ángulo de rebote de la bola blanca en los cojines (aunque no en las bolas fuera del objeto ) y, por lo tanto, es crucial para ganar forma ; y se puede utilizar para " lanzar " una bola objetivo ligeramente fuera de su trayectoria esperada, para engañar a la troneray para otros efectos. "Inglés" se usa a veces de manera más inclusiva, para referirse coloquialmente también a seguir y dibujar . En combinación, se podría decir inglés de abajo a la derecha, o como la esfera de un reloj (inglés de las 4 en punto). ^[5] Los británicos e irlandeses no utilizan este término, prefieren " lado ". Vea la ilustración en centrifugado .

tiro inducido por el inglés

Igual que el lanzamiento inducido por giro . ^[34]^[35] Ver lanzamiento para más detalles.

ecuador

The horizontal plane directly in the center of the cue ball, which when hit exactly by the cue tip should impart no follow or draw.

escape

A successful attempt to get out of a snooker.

extension

A snooker cue with two attachable extensions

1. Any mechanical aid that serves to extend the length of the player's cue, normally added to the end of the butt either by clipping around the end or screwing into the base. Though extensions are used for pool, it is more common in snooker because of the significantly larger table size.

2. En un torneo en el que los jugadores tienen un tiempo limitado para hacer sus tiros (común en los partidos televisados), se otorga una extensión de tiempo antes de realizar un tiro; los jugadores tienen un número limitado de extensiones en cada cuadro .

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cara

También cojín para la cara . ^[12]^{: 9} La protuberancia del borde de juego del cojín del riel sobre la cama de la mesa. ^[12]^{: 9} El punto más sobresaliente de la cara se conoce como la nariz del cojín. El área de juego de la mesa es el espacio entre las caras (técnicamente, las narices) de los cojines. ^[12]^{: 9}

frente a

Una comparación de las caras de los bolsillos (de izquierda a derecha): una mesa de billar americana (bolsillo lateral); una mesa de billar de estilo británico (bolsillo de esquina); y una mesa piramidal rusa (bolsillo lateral)

Los revestimientos de un bolsillo son las partes del cojín del riel que recubren la mandíbula del bolsillo. Los revestimientos varían mucho según el juego. Los revestimientos de la piscina son planos y en ángulo bastante anchos, en bolsillos notablemente más grandes que las pelotas, para actuar de manera muy similar al tablero en el baloncesto , ya que un tiro puede dirigirse hacia el revestimiento para hacer que se incline desde el revestimiento hacia el bolsillo. Están reforzados con calzas de plástico entre la goma del cojín y la tela., para reducir el desgaste. Las caras del billar son curvas y no en ángulo, proporcionando una transición suave entre los rieles y los bolsillos, que no son mucho más anchos que las bolas, evitando así cualquier efecto de tablero (los tiros de billar deben ser casi perfectamente rectos). Las caras en el billar ruso son aún más desafiantes, ya que son rectas y en ángulo hacia adentro en lugar de hacia afuera, lo que da como resultado que los nudillos de la tronera, apenas lo suficientemente anchos para aceptar una bola, rechacen todos los tiros que no sean los más precisos.

otoño

1. Verbo, pasivo, intransitivo: Para embocar una pelota. "La bola 8 cayó temprano, por lo que el juego terminó rápidamente".

2. Sustantivo: El borde curvo corta en la cama de la mesa en el que el agujero del bolsillo realmente comienza dentro de las mandíbulas del bolsillo . ^[46]^{: 4} La caída puede ser una caída absoluta, como en las mesas de billar estándar de los torneos , o tener un borde biselado e inclinado hacia abajo, como en las mesas de billar . Por supuesto, es mucho más probable que una bola cuelgue cuando no hay bisel. Qué tan lejos en el bolsillo comienza la caída es un factor que determina la " velocidad del bolsillo " o la dificultad.

rápido

1. Describes a billiard table with tightly woven and broken-in (but clean) cloth (baize), upon which the balls move quicker and farther.^[1]^:53 See table speed for more information.

2. Producing lively action; said of cushions or of the balls, in addition to the above, cloth-related definition.^[11]^:96

3. Unusually accepting of balls; said of pockets; see pocket speed (sense 1) for more information. "Slow" is the direct opposite of "fast" in all of these usages.

fat

See undercut.

fault

Igual que foul (principalmente británico, y su uso está disminuyendo; incluso las reglas de blackball de WPA y WEFP usan "foul").

pluma

También tiro de plumas . Un tiro de corte muy fino en el que la bola blanca simplemente roza el borde de una bola objetivo. "Pluma" en sí mismo puede ser tanto sustantivo como verbo (por ejemplo, "emplumar la pelota"). ^[4]^{: 238}^[5] Véase también snick .

sintió

Igual que la tela (en desuso; es incorrecto en los hechos, ya que el fieltro es un tipo de tela completamente diferente del tapete ).

contera

Una funda, colocada permanentemente en el extremo de la punta torneada del taco , hecha de fibra de vidrio , resina fenólica , latón , marfil , cuerno o asta , melamina , plástico u otro material rígido, sobre el cual se monta la punta del taco y que protege la madera del eje no se parta debido al impacto con la bola blanca . ^[5]

leña

Argot común en los EE. UU. Para una señal barata y mal hecha. Compare la madera .

pescado

1. Una marca fácil ;

2. Una persona que pierde dinero jugando y sigue regresando por más;

3. A veces, un mal jugador;

4. Como verbo, o bien golpear las bolas con fuerza sin otra intención en mente que no sea tener suerte y tal vez esparcir las bolas un poco más ("golpear y esperar"), o disparar fuerte a la bola de dinero con el misma intención ("aplastar y rezar"). Compare el derrame y la platija ; marca de contraste (sentido 3) y llame .

falta flagrante

Una falta en la que las reglas se violan de manera flagrante e intencional; en contextos donde esto califica como conducta antideportiva , se puede aplicar una penalización más severa (por ejemplo, pérdida de marco ) de lo normal por una falta.

mochila plana

En el billar, una situación durante un cuadro en el que la primera línea de los rojos restantes agrupados, donde estaba el paquete original , están en una línea horizontal recta. Esto tiene implicaciones al abrir el paquete, ya que un contacto completo de la bola fuera de la banda superior generalmente hará que la bola blanca se quede pegada a la roja y no desarrolle una oportunidad de embocar.

casualidad

A shot that has an ostensibly positive outcome for the player, although it was not what the player intended. Examples of flukes include an unexpected pot off several cushions or other balls having missed the pocket aimed for, or a lucky safety position after having missed a shot. Many players are apologetic after a fluke. In many games, flukes result in a loss of turn, although some rule sets (most notably those of snooker, nine-ball and related games, and the eight-ball rules of the American Poolplayers Association and its affiliates) count flukes as valid, point-making shots. Compare fish and slop; contrast mark (sense 3) and call.

follow

The forward rotation of the cue ball that results from a follow shot. Also known as top spin or top, follow is applied to the cue ball by hitting it above its equator, causing it to spin more rapidly in the direction of travel than it would simply by rolling on the cloth from a center-ball hit. Follow speeds the cue ball up, and widens both the carom angle after contact with an object ball, and angle of reflection off a cushion. See illustration at spin.

follow shot

A shot in which the cue ball is struck above its equator with sufficient top spin to cause the cue ball to travel forward after it contacts an object ball. When a cue ball with follow on it contacts an object ball squarely (a center-to-center hit), the cue ball travels directly forward through the space previously occupied by the object ball (and can sometimes even be used to pocket a second ball). By contrast, on a cut shot, a cue ball with follow on it will first travel on the tangent line after striking the object ball, and then arc forward, widening the carom angle.^[5] See illustration at spin.

follow-through

En un tiro, la extensión del taco a través de la posición de la bola blanca durante el final del golpe de un jugador en la dirección originalmente apuntada. ^[5]

pie

Principalmente estadounidense: la mitad de la mesa en la que se colocan las bolas objetivo (en los juegos en los que se usan bolas colocadas). Este uso es conceptualmente opuesto al del inglés británico, donde este extremo de la tabla se llama la parte superior . Cabeza de contraste .

cojín de pie

Principalmente americano: el cojín en la barandilla . Compare el cojín superior ; cojín para la cabeza en contraste .

carril de pie

Principalmente americano: el riel corto al pie de la mesa . Se usa con frecuencia de manera imprecisa, para significar cojín para los pies . Compare el riel superior ; carril de la cabeza de contraste .

mancha de pie

El punto de la superficie de la mesa sobre el que se centra la bola del ápice de un estante (en la mayoría de los juegos). Es el punto a la mitad de la distancia entre los segundos diamantes de los rieles largos desde el extremo del extremo de la estantería de la mesa. El punto del pie es la intersección de la cuerda del pie y la cuerda larga , y generalmente se marca con una calcomanía de tela o papel en las mesas de billar. ^[5] Punto de contraste en la cabeza .

cuerda de pie

An imaginary line running horizontally across a billiards table from the second diamond (from the foot end of the table) on one long rail to the corresponding second diamond on the other long rail. The foot string intersects the long string at the foot spot. It is rarely drawn on the table.^[5]

forced shot

Same as cheating the pocket. Principally used in snooker.

force follow

Un potente golpe de seguimiento con un alto grado de efecto superior ; por lo general, cuando la bola objetivo que se golpea está relativamente cerca de la bola blanca y se golpea muy de lleno; ^[5] también conocido como "giro superior progrado" o "seguimiento progrado" (cuando se refiere a la acción en el tiro en lugar del tiro en sí ), y como " jenny " en Australia.

giro hacia adelante

Igual que seguir ( giro superior ).

falta

A veces intercambiable con scratch , aunque este último se usa a menudo solo para referirse a la falta de embocar la bola blanca.

A violation of a particular game's rules for which a set penalty is imposed. In many pool games the penalty for a foul is ball-in-hand anywhere on the table for the opponent. In some games such as straight pool, a foul results in a loss of one or more points. In one-pocket, in which a set number of balls must be made in a specific pocket, upon a foul the player must return a ball to the table. In some games, three successive fouls in a row is a loss of game. In straight pool, a third successive foul results in a loss of 16 points (15 plus one for the foul).^[5]

Possible foul situations (non-exhaustive):

• The player shoots the cue ball first into a ball that is not an object ball;^[5]
• El jugador tira y después de tocar una bola objetivo, no se emboca ninguna bola y ni la bola blanca ni una bola numerada toca una banda (excepto las reglas de expulsión); ^[5]
• El jugador mete la bola blanca (ver scratch ) ; ^[5]
• El jugador no tiene al menos un pie en el suelo en el momento de disparar; ^[5]
• El jugador dispara la bola blanca antes de que todas las demás bolas se hayan detenido por completo; ^[5]
• El jugador golpea la bola blanca más de una vez durante un tiro (un doble golpe ); ^[5]
• El jugador toca la bola blanca con algo que no sea la punta del taco; ^[5]
• The player touches any ball other than the cue ball;^[5]
• The player causes a ball to leave the table's playing surface without it returning (e.g., jumping a ball off the table);^[5]
• The player marks the table in any manner to aid in aiming;^[5]
• The player who has ball-in-hand, touches an object ball with the cue ball while attempting to place the cue ball on the table;^[5]
• The player shoots in such a manner that his cue tip stays in contact with the cue ball for more than the momentary time commensurate with a stroked shot (a push shot).^[5]

frame

Un término para cada rack desde la ruptura hasta que se realiza un despeje , falta perdedora o concesión. Una coincidencia se compone de varios fotogramas. Véase también juego (sentido 1), que tiene un significado un poco más amplio.

bola de marco

Igual que el juego de pelota (principalmente en snooker y blackball ). El término a veces se usa en sentido figurado, para referirse al último tiro difícil requerido para ganar.

bola libre

También tiro libre .

Situación de freeball: el rojo es snookered, se puede llamar al azul.

Una situación en la que un jugador ha cometido una falta , dejando al oponente snookeado . En el Reino Unido, la bola ocho normalmente le daría al oponente la opción de una de dos jugadas: (1) bola en mano con dos tiros ; (2) que se le permita tocar, o incluso botar , una bola que no sea de su conjunto desde la posición de snooke (aunque el negro no puede ser metido), con la pérdida del primer tiro. Además, algunas variaciones del juego permiten al jugador meter una de las bolas del oponente, solo en la primera visita, sin perder un "tiro libre".

In snooker it allows a player to call any ball as the ball she/he would have wanted to play, potting it for the same number of points, or the opponent can be put back in without the same privilege, having to play the ball snookered on. The definition of snooker on this occasion means the opponent cannot strike both extreme edges of the object ball (or a cluster of touching balls).

free stroking

1. Pocketing well and quickly but without much thought for position play.

2. Playing loose and carefree.

3. Same as dead stroke.

freeze up

To dedicate a set amount of money that a gambling match will be played to; no one may quit until one player or the other has won the "frozen up" funds.

frozen

Principalmente estadounidense: Se dice que una pelota en reposo que está en contacto real con un cojín o con una o más de otras bolas está "congelada" (o, coloquialmente, "congelada") a ese cojín o la (s) bola (s) en contacto. ^[4]^{: 239}^[5] (Para combinación / combo congelado , beso congelado , etc., que es casi imposible pasar por alto, vea las variantes más comunes en muerto ). El " apretado " principalmente británico es equivalente a "congelado", pero solo se aplica a congelado / apretado a un cojín, no a otra bola. Para situaciones en las que la bola blanca se congela a una bola objetivo, different rule sets have different approaches. In some, the cue ball must be addressed with the cue at an angle at least 45 degrees divergent from an imaginary line running through the center of the balls, to minimize chances of a push shot. In snooker (and some British pool rules), this is called a touching ball, and the cue ball must be shot away from the object ball without the latter moving.

full

También de bola completa . Un tipo de contacto entre dos bolas a partir del cual se crea poco o ningún ángulo entre sus trayectorias; el contacto necesario para lanzar un tiro directo. Se usa comúnmente en referencia a la cantidad de bola objetivo que un jugador puede ver con la bola blanca : "¿Puedes golpear tan completo?".

fundamentos

Las acciones básicas necesarias para disparar bien: postura , agarre, golpe , puente y seguimiento .

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juego: 1. Jugar, desde el tiro de apertura hasta que un jugador haya ganado (o el juego haya sido detenido por alguna razón por un árbitro). Los juegos son las unidades que componen partidos , carreras (en algunos sentidos de ese término) y rondas . Esencialmente lo mismo que el marco , excepto en lo que respecta al billar directo, que es un juego de múltiples estantes .; 2. Un conjunto de reglas identificables y codificables. el billar no es un juego, sino una clase de juegos. Nine-ball es un juego.; 3. Note: There are also slang usages, such as "to have game" (to be a good player, as in "he['s] got game") and "to be game" (to be willing to play or to gamble, as in "yeah, I'm game, so let's see what you've got"). But these usages are not particular to cue sports.
game ball: The ball required to win the rack. In snooker and blackball it is called the frame ball. See also money ball.^[5]
games on the wire: To give a handicap to an opponent where they have to win a specified number fewer games than the other player in order to triumph in the match.^[47]^{:281, 292} The name refers to posting games on the scorekeeping mechanism known as a wire or scoring string, though the phrase may still be employed when no actual use of the particular device is available or intended.
gapper: An agreement between two players in a tournament, one of whom will advance to a guaranteed money prize if the match is won, to give a certain percentage of that money to the loser of the match. Also known as a saver.^[6]
gather shot: En los juegos de carambola, cualquier tiro en el que el resultado final sea que todas las bolas estén cerca una de la otra; idealmente, en posición para el inicio de una enfermera en el próximo golpe. ^[5]
engranaje fuera del inglés: También exterior inglés de engranajes , etc .: Aplicación precisa de exterior inglés para contrarrestar los efectos del lanzamiento ( desviación de la bola objetivo de su trayectoria esperada de la línea tangente ), aplicando contragiro lateral en la dirección opuesta a la que aumentaría la fricción. y la desviación de la curva rodante de la bola objeto de la trayectoria deseada. Engranaje de giro también puede ser utilizado como una cobertura para minimizar los efectos de la inminente predicho aferran (también conocido como deslizamiento o, en inglés británico y especialmente billar terminología, Tiro). El "engranaje" fuera del inglés no es un tipo o estilo de giro externo, sino una cantidad juzgada subjetivamente , suficiente para hacer que la rotación de la bola blanca afecte la rotación de la bola objetivo de la manera deseada a través de un contacto momentáneamente prolongado, como dos engranajes interactuando. Esto es relativo a las condiciones de juego específicas, incluido el ángulo y la fuerza del tiro, si se están utilizando otros mecanismos de compensación, como el corte excesivo de la hendidura para frustrar el lanzamiento, y la condición de limpieza de las bolas. El término engranaje fuera del inglés es jerga técnica más que jerga de jugador; Fue introducido por el físico e ingeniero mecánico David G. Alciatore en la década de 2000. ^[29]^[34]^[35] Ver lanzamiento para informacion adicional.
promedio general: Abr. = GA, término de billar carambola. El número indica la relación general entre los puntos y las entradas (puntos ÷ entradas = GA) que ha realizado un jugador durante todo el torneo. P.ej. 125 puntos en 56 entradas es una GA de 2.232, los números más altos indican mejores jugadores
llamada de caballeros: También llamada de caballero . Un enfoque informal de la variación de "call-everything" de call-shot , común en la piscina de bar . Los tiros obvios, como un tiro directo o casi directo para el que el tirador está apuntando claramente y que no se puede confundir con otro tiro, no necesitan ser declarados. Los tiros de banco , las patadas , las carambola y las combinaciones suelen ser menos obvios y, por lo general, deben realizarse, aunque esto puede depender del nivel de habilidad mutuo y la percepción de la selección de tiros de los jugadores. Un oponente tiene derecho a preguntar cuál es la intención del tirador, si esto no está claro.
bola fantasma: Un método de puntería común en el que se imagina una bola fantasma congelada en la bola objeto en el punto donde una línea imaginaria trazada entre sus centros apunta al objetivo deseado; el centro de la bola blanca puede ser disparado al centro de la bola "fantasma" (es decir, para ocupar con precisión el lugar donde se imagina que está esa bola) e, idealmente, impactar la bola objetivo en el punto de contacto adecuado. ^[6] El método de apuntar con bola fantasma da como resultado fallos en los que no se hace el ajuste para el lanzamiento inducido por la colisión .
seguir: Describe la propensión de un jugador a perder pequeñas sumas de dinero en el juego para aumentar repentinamente las apuestas; a menudo continúa perdiendo hasta que se rompe. Compare Persiguiendo el dinero de uno . Hacer una bolsa de arena y fingir que se "dispara" (solo para ganar fácilmente la apuesta de apuestas elevadas) es una técnica clásica de apresuramiento ; ver también en la limonada .
descanso dorado: (Principalmente británicos). En bola nueve, un tiro de quiebre que mete la bola 9 sin cometer falta , en cuyo caso el jugador gana de un solo tiro. Véase también en el complemento .
cuello de ganso: También descanso cuello de cisne . Igual que cisne .
toronja: Colloquial term for an unusually large, heavy cue ball made of the same phenolic resin or other modern, resilient plastic as the object balls. "Grapefruit" cue balls are frequently found on older coin-operated bar tables that do not have magnetic ball-return mechanisms. As with excessively dense, ceramic "rock" cue balls, the ball return works because the cue ball is considerably heavier than, and thereby distinguishable from, the object balls. Unlike "rocks", grapefruit balls are not prone to excessive equipment wear and tear. But because of their unusually large size, they have a very strong effect on the tangent line and thus on the accuracy of cortes de tiro . Su peso también tiene un efecto notable en el juego, ya que son algo más difíciles de dibujar ( atornillar ), detener y aturdir en comparación con las bolas blancas estándar y magnéticas , pero no en la medida de las bolas de roca mucho menos resistentes. Al igual que las rocas, los pomelos generan una gran cantidad de aplastamiento .
verde: 1. Distancia casi a la altura de la mesa entre la bola blanca y la bola objetivo, o entre una bola objetivo y la tronera objetivo, es decir, un tiro potencialmente difícil debido a la distancia ("seguro que me dejaste mucho green en esa"); 2. La tela que cubre la mesa ("oh no, acabas de rasgar el verde"); 3. The green ball ("that was a great shot on the green"); 4. Money ("I won a lot of green last night from that wannabe hustler")
green ball: Also the green.In snooker, the colour ball that is worth three points, being the second-least valuable colour behind the yellow.^[11]^:116 It is one of the baulk colours, and is placed on the green spot.^[11]^:116^[12]^:10 In some (especially American) snooker ball sets, it is numbered "3" on its surface.
green spot: El lugar (generalmente no especialmente marcado porque es obvio) en una mesa de billar en el que se coloca la bola verde . Independientemente del tamaño de la mesa, es la intersección de la "D" y la línea de balk en el lado izquierdo del interruptor . ^[11]^{: 116}^[12]^{: 10} El orden de izquierda a derecha de la verde, marrón y bolas de color amarillo es el objeto de la mnemónica frase " G od b menos y ou". ^[11]^{: 115}
bolsillo verde: En billar , el bolsillo de la esquina más cercano al punto verde .
sujeción: 1. La forma en que un jugador sostiene el extremo trasero del taco. ^[5]; 2. La envoltura del cuestick donde se coloca la mano, también conocida como "área de agarre". ^[5]
grupo: Igual que el palo , predominantemente en la terminología británica, es decir, en ocho bolas del conjunto de siete bolas ( rojas o amarillas ) que deben ser despejadas antes de meter la negra . Generalmente se usa en forma genérica, especialmente en conjuntos de reglas o artículos, en lugar de coloquialmente por los jugadores. ^[7]
mesa de barranco: 1. Una mesa con un sistema de retorno de bolas , a diferencia de una mesa de bolsillo abatible. ^[5]^{: 39}; 2. También mesa de canaleta . Igual que la mesa de bar .

H [ editar ]

golpe de media bola: Golpe de media bola
A shot aimed so that the center of the cue ball is in line with the edge of the object ball, eclipsing half of the ball. "Hit it just a little thinner than half-ball." Assuming a cling does not occur, the shot will impart post-contact momentum on the object ball in a direction 30° (which is $\arcsin(1-x)$ , where $x$ is the fraction of object ball eclipsed: 1⁄2 in this case) off the direction of the cue-ball's pre-contact momentum. Also notable because the carom angle the cue ball takes is more consistent than at other contact points.
half-century: In snooker and other British usages, a break of between 50 and 99 points (100 points or more being called a century), which requires potting at least 12 consecutive balls (e.g. the last three reds with at least two blacks and a pink, followed by all the colours).
hail Mary: Chiefly American; same as hit and hope. A term borrowed from a similar idea in American football.
hand chalk: A misnomer for hand talc.
handicapping: Modification of the rules and/or scoring of a game to enable players of variable abilities to compete on a more even playing field.^[5] Examples of handicapping include spotting balls and giving games on the wire to an opponent. In league play, common forms of handicapping include awarding compensating points to a lesser-skilled team, or using numerical player ranking systems to adjust final scores between opponents of different skill levels. A player's handicap is such a numerical rank. See Handicapping main article for more general information on sports handicapping.
hang: Dicho de una bola, para llegar a descansar parcialmente sobre el borde de la caída de un bolsillo pero aún descansando sobre la cama de la mesa . ^[11]^:¹²¹ Debido a la curvatura de la bola, si la parte inferior de la bola no está sobre el borde agudo o la pendiente biselada (según el tipo de mesa) de la caída de la tronera, la bola no caerá en la tronera. Aproximadamente el 49% del diámetro de una bola puede estar colgando sobre la caída brusca de una mesa de billar estándar, pero considerablemente menos en una mesa de billar típica, con caídas biseladas. Una bola que cuelga en el bolsillo - una " percha " - es casi imperdible ^[11]^:¹²¹ (aunque falta by scratching the cue ball into the pocket right after the object ball is a common mistake. Can be used in a transitive sense in reference to player action: "You hung that one right on the edge".
hanger: 1. An easily shot object ball that is "hanging" in the pocket.^[11]^:121; 2. By extension, any extremely easy shot, even in carom billiards which has no pockets.^[11]^:121
have the nuts: Be in a game where either because of disparity in skill level, or because of a handicap given, it would be very difficult to lose.
having the cue ball on a string: Used when describing perfect cue ball position play.^[48]^[49]
hazard: 1. Literally, a pocket, but generally used in the phrases losing hazard – potting (pocketing) the cue ball off another ball – and winning hazard – using the cue ball to pot another ball – the two types of legal shots that pocket balls in games in which the term is used at all, which is very few today. The term principally survives in English billiards, in which both types of shots are point-puntuación. Anteriormente, una gran cantidad de juegos diferentes utilizaban los dos tipos de peligros como anotadores o perdedores de diversas formas (de ahí sus sugerentes nombres). En última instancia, el término deriva de los agujeros o cavidades en la mesa que deben evitarse, en formas muy tempranas de billar. ^[11]^{: 121, 148, 275}; 2. En el billar de golf , un área de la mesa (a veces marcada) en la que un jugador será penalizado por ingresar si su bola no sale. Deriva del uso del término en el juego de golf al aire libre . ^[11]^{: 120}
cabeza: Chiefly American: The half of the table from which the break shot is taken. This usage is conceptually opposite that in British English, where this end of the table is called the bottom. Contrast foot. See also kitchen.
head cushion: Chiefly American: The cushion on the head rail. Compare bottom cushion; contrast foot cushion.
head rail: Principalmente estadounidense: el riel corto en la cabecera de la mesa . Tradicionalmente, este es el riel en el que aparece el logotipo del fabricante de la mesa. Compare el riel inferior , el riel de refuerzo ; barandilla en contraste , barandilla superior .
mancha de la cabeza: La intersección de la cuerda de la cabeza y la cuerda larga , que generalmente no está marcada en una mesa con una calcomanía u otra marca, a diferencia del lugar para los pies , aunque algunos salones de billar marcan ambos lugares para que se pueda realizar el trasiego en cualquier extremo de la mesa. , y el desgaste de la tela por trasiego y rotura se distribuye más uniformemente. ^[5] Compare la mancha de baulk .
hilo de cabeza: Una línea, a veces imaginaria (especialmente en el billar americano ), a veces dibujada en la tela, que corre horizontalmente a través de la mesa desde el segundo diamante (desde el riel de la cabeza ) en un riel largo hasta el segundo diamante correspondiente en el otro riel largo. ^[5] En la mayoría de los juegos de billar, el tiro de apertura de apertura debe realizarse con el centro (base) de la bola blanca detrás de la cuerda de la cabeza (es decir, entre la cuerda de la cabeza y la barra de la cabeza). La cuerda de la cabeza se cruza con la cuerda larga en el punto de la cabeza y delimita la cocina (y, en la bola europea de nueve , el límite exterior de la caja de ruptura). La posición de la cuerda de la cabeza siempre está determinada por los diamantes, en contraste con la línea de baulk similar pero diferente , cuya posición se determina midiendo el cojín inferior ( cojín de la cabeza ).
aviso: Igual que hacia arriba .
corazón: La fuerza de la voluntad de ganar de un jugador; la capacidad de superar la presión; "Mostró mucho corazón al hacer ese regreso".
elevado: 1. También altas , altas bolas , altas . En ocho bolas y juegos relacionados, disparar el traje a rayas ( grupo ) de bolas (9 a 15); "estás drogado" o "yo tengo los altos" ("estás drogado" es raro, debido a la ambigüedad de la "intoxicación"). Compare rayas , amarillos , grandes , overs ; contraste bajo .; 2. Con seguir , como en "Disparé ese alto a la izquierda", que significa "Disparé eso con seguir y con el inglés izquierdo ". Se deriva del hecho de que uno debe apuntar por encima del ecuador de la bola blanca , es decir, "alto" en la bola, para impartir seguimiento. "Con" es opcional (por ejemplo, "Disparé eso con la izquierda alta" o "Disparé con la izquierda alta"). Contraste bajo .; 3. En el billar , igual que " arriba ", como en "ella querrá terminar alto en el negro para permitir una posición en el rojo".; 4. With run (UK: break), a lengthy series of successful shots; see high run, high break.
high break: UK: Essentially the same as high run, but applied to snooker and by extension to pool, especially blackball pool: A break (series of successful pots) running into large numbers for that player's skill level.
high run: Also (rarely) high-run, hi-run, highrun, etc.
Una serie de tiros exitosos (una carrera ) que es larga para el nivel de habilidad del jugador. La implicación exacta depende del contexto, por ejemplo, "mi carrera alta en tres bandas es 15", "Jones tuvo la carrera más alta del torneo", "esa fue una carrera bastante alta que acabas de hacer", etc. puede expresarse como "buena carrera", "gran carrera", "buena carrera", etc. Véase también salto alto .
Cerro: Ver en la colina , colina-colina .
colina-colina: El punto en el match play en el que ambos jugadores (o equipos) solo necesitan una victoria más de juego ( frame ) para ganar el partido o la carrera . ^[50]^[51] Véase también en la colina , cerilla de goma .
golpe y esperanza: Un tiro en el que el jugador confía en la suerte para un resultado favorable, porque no existe mejor tiro. Compara el Ave María , aplasta y reza .
Ho: También ho ball (s) . Un grito de exhortación a una bola o bolas para que disminuyan la velocidad o se detengan, a menudo se hace cuando se sobrepasa la posición con la bola blanca. ^[52]
mantener el lugar: In snooker, to leave the cue ball ball on the spot of a colour ball after potting it. This is usually performed where re-spotting of the colour ball would cause positional problems for the player, such as blocking available pots on one or more red balls.
hook: 1. Same as snooker (verb)^[13]; 2. Same as hook rest.
hook rest: También el anzuelo . En el billar , un tipo de puente mecánico que sólo recientemente ha ^{[ ¿cuándo? ]} ha sido respaldado por la WPBSA para permitir su uso en torneos importantes. Es un descanso normal con la cabeza alineada con el eje , pero aproximadamente el último pie del eje está curvado. Esto permite a los jugadores colocar el extremo curvo alrededor de una bola obstructora que, de otro modo, los hubiera dejado obstaculizados en la bola blanca y necesitando una araña o un cisne con extensiones , que tendrían menos control.
bocina: Igual que el nudillo . Por analogía con los cuernos de animales , no con los instrumentos musicales .
casa: 1. El lugar en el que se juega el juego, por ejemplo, una sala de billar , un bar de billar , etc.; 2. La zona de cocina o baulk de una mesa de billar rusa ; del ruso : дома , romanizado : doma , lit. 'casa'.
señal de la casa: Por lo general, un taco de una pieza disponible gratuitamente para que lo usen los clientes en bares / pubs y salas de billar.
hombre de la casa: Un empleado de la sala de billar que juega con un buen grado de habilidad.
estante de la casa: Un término peyorativo para un estante inadecuado en el que las bolas no están en contacto adecuado con sus vecinos, lo que a menudo resulta en una mala distribución en el descanso.
Reglas de casa: Las reglas se jugaron en un lugar en particular no necesariamente de acuerdo con las reglas oficiales, o con la costumbre común de la piscina del bar local .
abrazar la barandilla: Describe una bola que rueda a lo largo de un riel en contacto o casi en contacto con él, o que hace múltiples contactos sucesivos con el riel. ^[1]^[4]^{: 240} Ver velcro .
ajetreo: Artículo principal: Hustling
Jugar por dinero y adormecer a una víctima haciéndole creer que puede ganar, incitándola a aceptar apuestas cada vez más altas, hasta ganarle y marcharse con más dinero del que hubiera estado dispuesto a apostar si hubiera sido golpeado profundamente al principio. Los términos hustler , para alguien que se apresura, y hustling , que describen el acto, son tan comunes, si no más, que esta forma verbal. Véase también bolsa de arena , en la limonada , golpe de limonada , tiburón , basurero .

Yo [ editar ]

ilegal: Como en muchos otros deportes, "ilegal" significa causar o probablemente causar una falta (lo contrario es legal ). (Consulte el apartado legal para ver ejemplos específicos de uso).
en la mano: 1. Acortamiento de bola en mano .; 2. En el snooker, la posibilidad de colocar la bola blanca en cualquier lugar dentro de los límites de la D . Esto ocurre al comienzo de un frame y después de que la bola blanca ha sido embocada o expulsada de la mesa.
inning: (O de un jugador de dobles del equipo) a su vez en la mesa, por lo general termina con un fracaso para anotar un punto o para embolsar una bola, dependiendo del juego, una falta , una seguridad o con una victoria. ^[5] En algunos juegos, como el de cinco bolos y el de asesino , la entrada de un jugador siempre se limita a un tiro, independientemente de la intención y el resultado del tiro. Suele ser sinónimo de visita , excepto en el formato de dobles escoceses . El término se usa a veces para referirse a las visitas de ambos jugadores / equipos combinadas, por ejemplo, cuando se refiere a la entrada en la que ocurrió un tiro memorable.
en off: (Principalmente británicos). En el snooker y blackball / pool de ocho bolas , una instancia en la que la bola blanca ha sido embocada ( embocada ) después de tocar una bola objetivo . Es una falta ( falta ) en la mayoría de los juegos. ^[5] No existe un término estadounidense equivalente (actual) para este medio específico de embocar la bola blanca. Comparación de la pérdida de peligro , cero .
tiro en-o-sobre: (Chiefly British.) In a snookers required situation in snooker, a shot played by the player defending the lead, where he plays the object ball in such a way as to try to slowly pot (pocket) it, so that if it misses, at least it is over the pocket and difficult to obtain the required snooker from.
inside english: (Chiefly U.S.) Side spin (english) placed on the same side of the cue ball as the direction in which the object ball is being cut (left-hand english when cutting a ball to the left, and vice versa).^[1] In addition to affecting cue ball position, inside english can increase throw.
in sight: (Chiefly British) Said of an object ball that can easily be reached by the cue ball, or of a pocket that can easily be reached by a selected object ball, usually directly (i.e. without intervening kick, bank, carom, kiss or combination shots). Compare see.
in stroke: Cuente y sincronice bien las bolas; en buena forma, donde el embolsarse ( encapsular ), la seguridad y la claridad de pensamiento parecen ser fáciles. ^[4]^{: 241} Se puede decir que un jugador al que no le estaba yendo bien pero que de repente recupera (como sucede en el transcurso de muchos partidos) atrapa un golpe . ^{[ aclaración necesaria ]} Véase también accidente cerebrovascular .
bola de seguros: Una bola que se hace fácilmente desde muchas posiciones de la mesa pero que se deja intacta mientras se juega el estante, de modo que en caso de que el jugador se salga de posición, el tirador tenga un tiro seguro. Por lo general, una bola de seguro estará en o cerca de las mandíbulas de un bolsillo.
falta intencional: También culpa intencionada ; lo mismo que una falta deliberada .
en las bolas: En snooker , una frase que se usa para describir una situación en la que el jugador tiene un bote fácil y, en general, las bolas están en posición de continuar y hacer una ruptura considerable . Compare la configuración (sentido 4).
en el dinero: En un torneo, colocar lo suficientemente alto como para recibir un pago. Por ejemplo, en un torneo que paga del 1º al 5º lugar, estar al menos en el 5º lugar es ganar dinero. ^[6]
en turno: Cuando una bola en particular se da como hándicap en bola nueve, designar esa bola a su vez significa que debe hacerse en rotación, cuando es la bola numérica más baja que queda en la mesa, y no se puede hacer que obtenga una victoria antes en el juego mediante una combinación, carambola o cualquier otro tiro. Por ejemplo, si un jugador se vio la bola 8, que sólo gana por hacer que las bolas de balón 1 a 7 se han borrado de la mesa. La frase no es común en los EE. UU.
Lino irlandés: Lino hecho de lino y producido en Irlanda, que a menudo se usa para envolver el área de agarre de la culata de un taco.
Más información: lino irlandés

J [ editar ]

aumentar: 1. Para elevar la parte trasera del taco en un tiro.; 2. En los juegos de azar, "aumentar una apuesta" significa aumentar las apuestas.
celda: Cuando un jugador está en el extremo receptor de un safety devastador donde es muy difícil, o casi imposible, hacer un golpe legal en una bola objetivo. ^[53]
atascarse: Expresión adjetival para el juego mortal de un jugador; "cuidado, juega jam up". ^[51]^[54]
bola con mandíbula: Una bola que no cae en una tronera después de rebotar de un lado a otro entre las mandíbulas de una tronera. ^[5]
mandíbulas: Las paredes interiores de un bolsillo , ^[5] desde los revestimientos hasta el orificio de caída.
Jenny: Chiefly Australian: Same as a force follow shot.
jigger: Same as cross.
joint: The interlocking connection between the butt and shaft ends of a two-piece cue stick.^[5] Usually connects via means of a steel or wooden pin, and may be protected by a collar of metal or some other material, or may connect wood-on-wood.^[31]
joint protectors: Plugs that screw into the joint when a two-piece cue is broken down to keep foreign objects and moisture from contacting the joint mechanism.
jump: Also jump shot.Any shot where the cue ball is intentionally jumped into the air to clear an obstacle^[5] (usually an object ball, even in games with non-ball objects, e.g. bottle pool). Jump shots must be performed by hitting the cue ball into the table's surface so that it rebounds off the cloth; scooping under the cue ball to fling it into the air is deemed a foul by all authoritative rules sources. A legal jump shot works by compressing the cue ball slightly against the slate under the cloth, causing it to spring upward when the downward pressure of the cue is released. Some billiard halls and even entire leagues prohibit all jump (and usually also massé) shots, out of fears of damage to the equipment, especially the cloth. Specialized jump cues exist to better facilitate jump shots; they are usually shorter and lighter, and with harder tips, than normal cues. Jump shots that go through or into objects rather than over them are common in trick shot (artistic pool and artistic billiards) competition.
jump cue: Also jump stick.^[6]A cue dedicated to jumping balls; usually shorter and lighter than a playing cue and having a wider, harder tip.
jump draw: A rare and very difficult trick jump shot that turns into a draw shot upon landing. Requires precise application of spin in addition to the precise application of ball pressure to effectuate the jump. Jump draws are fairly often seen in professional trick shot competition.
jump massé: A rare and extremely difficult trick jump shot that turns into a massé upon landing. Requires very precise application of spin in addition to the precise application of ball pressure to effectuate the jump.^[19]

K[edit]

key ball: The object ball involved in a key shot.^[6]
key shot: 1. A shot or ball that allows a player to obtain shape on another ball hard to play position to.^[6]; 2. A shot or ball that is the "key" to running out.; 3. The 14th object ball in a rack of straight pool that, when proper position is achieved on, allows easy position play, in turn, on the last (15th) object ball for an intergame break shot.
kick: 1. Short for kick shot. Also used as a verb, "to kick [at]" (US).; 2. Same as cling (US) and skid. Chiefly British: Exaggerated deflection of ball trajectories on impact, generally due to cue chalk stuck on one of the balls. Kick is the bane of snooker players, even at top professional levels, and is why they so frequently ask a referee to clean a ball. Because of the comparatively light weight of snooker balls, and much smaller margins of error due to tight pocket sizes on a very large table, the throw effect of a kick can cause a seemingly easy snooker shot to miss widely. Even if the kick was mostly vertical, due to screw (bottom spin) or follow (top spin) rather than side spin, and the shot was potted, a kick often results in balls visibly jumping upon impact, resulting in a great loss of cue ball momentum, which can wreck the shot's position play and leave the player with poor options. On even medium-distance shots, however, an outright miss is more likely.^[55] Noun, verb, and rare adjective usage as per "cling". (See cling for less snooker-specific notes.)
kick shot: A shot in which the cue ball is driven to one or more rail or cushions before reaching its intended target—usually an object ball.^[5] Often shortened to "kick" in North American usage, though this word by itself has a very different meaning in British usage (see entry above, sense 2).
kill shot: Also kill.^[5]A shot intended to slow down or "kill" the cue ball's speed as much as possible after contact with an object ball; usually a shot with draw, often combined with inside english. Also known as a dead ball shot.
kiss: An instance of contact between balls, usually used in the context of describing an object ball contacting another object ball (e.g. "the 2 ball kissed off the 12 ball"), or in snooker the cue ball making contact with some object ball after the initial contact with a ball on. If the player's intention was to cause two object balls to kiss (e.g. to pocket a shot ball by ricocheting it off a stationary one), it is often called a kiss shot.^[5] Compare double kiss; contrast carom.
kiss shot: A shot in which the object is to pocket (pot) an object ball by striking it with the cue ball and then having the object ball ricochet off another object ball into a pocket.^[5]
kitchen: The area on the table behind the head string.^[5] The origin of the term has been the subject of some speculation but the best explanation known is that in the 1800s, many homes did not have room for both a billiard table and a dining room table. The solution was a billiards table that had a cover converting it into a dining table. Kept in the dining room, play on such a table was often restricted by the size of the room, so it would be placed so that the head rail would face the connected kitchen door, thus affording a player room for the backswing without hitting a wall. A player was therefore either half or sometimes fully (literally) "in the kitchen" when breaking the balls.^[1] See also baulk.
knuckle: One of two jutting points or curves of the noses of the cushions on either side of each pocket where cushion and pocket meet, forming the jaw of the pocket. The knuckles are the intersection of the outer edge of the cushions, parallel to the rail, and the pocket facing. The knuckles are protrusive and comparatively sharp on a pool table, the facings of which can be used like a basketball backboard to rebound a ball into a pocket. On billiard tables for snooker, English billiards and various other games, the knuckles are rounded, and thwart the backboard effect. The curvature of snooker and English billiards knuckles are determined by pocket templates produced by the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association.^[12]^:9 Russian pyramid tables also have pointed knuckles, but the facings are angled inward, so the knuckles cannot be used as a backboard. The knuckle is also known as a point, horn or titty, depending on area and the company one keeps. See illustration at the facing entry.

L[edit]

ladies' aid: Also lady's aid.A denigrating term for the mechanical bridge.^[11]^:139
lag: Also the lag (noun), lagging, lag for the break, and lagging for the break.To determine the order of play, players (representing only themselves, or sometimes teams) each near simultaneously shoot a ball from the kitchen (or in British games, from the baulk line) to the end rail and back toward the bottom rail. Whichever shooter's ball comes to rest closest to the bottom rail gets to choose who breaks.^[11]^:139 It is permissible but not required for the lagged ball to touch or rebound off the bottom rail, but not to touch the side rails. Lagging is usually a two-party activity, though there are games such as cutthroat in which three players might lag. In the case of a tie, the tying shooters re-lag. The lag is most often used in tournament play or other competitions. In hard-break games like nine-ball and eight-ball the winner of the lag would normally take the break, while in soft-break games like straight pool would likely require the loser of the lag to break, since breaking would be a disadvantage. See also string-off.
last-pocket: Also last pocket.A common rule in informal bar pool, especially bar/pub eight-ball, in which the money ball must be pocketed (potted) in the same pocket as the shooter's last object ball (each player may be said to eventually "own" a pocket, for the duration of the game, in which their 8 ball shot must be played if they have already run out their suit). The variant is not extremely common in the United States or the UK, but is near-universal in much of Latin America (where two cue ball scratches are permitted when attempting the 8 ball shot and count as simple fouls, with only a third scratch constituting a loss of game). Last pocket is also common in North Africa. Last-pocket rules require careful position play, and frequently result in bank and kick shots with the 8 ball.
league: An organization that promotes competitive, usually team, amateur cue sports, most commonly pool, especially eight-ball and nine-ball, although there are also well-established snooker leagues. Some leagues, many of which are decades old, are entirely local and either informal or incorporated, and may use their own local rules or may have adopted more widely published rulesets, such as those of the WPA. Other leagues are organized on a multi-regional or even international level, and may be non-profit or for-profit enterprises, usually with their own fine-tuned rule books. Despite differences, the largest leagues are increasingly converging toward the WPA rules, with the exception of the APA/CPA, which retains rules much closer to US-style bar pool. At least four major pool leagues hold international championships in Las Vegas, Nevada annually (APA/CPA, BCAPL, VNEA and ACS/CCS). Some leagues also offer one-on-one tournaments, scotch doubles events, artistic pool competition, and other non-team activities. (See Category:Cue sports leagues for a listing of articles on various leagues.)
leave: The cue ball's position after a shot. "Good" or "bad" in reference to a leave describe respectively and advantageous or disadvantageous position for the next shot, or to leave an incoming opponent safe.^[4]^:241^[5] See also position play; compare position, shape.
legal: As in many other sports, "legal" means not causing or likely to cause a foul (the opposite being illegal). A legal hit is one in which the requirements for a non-foul hit are met (e.g., in nine-ball, the lowest-numbered ball on the table was hit by the cue ball first, and at least one object ball was pocketed, or any ball reached a cushion, after the hit on the first object ball.). A legal shot is one in which no foul of any kind was involved (e.g. there was not a double hit by the cue, the player's bridge hand did not move a ball, etc.). A legal stroke is one in which the cue stroke obeyed the rules (e.g. the shooter did not perform an illegal jump shot by scooping under the cue ball with the cue tip). A legal ball is a ball-on, an object ball at which it is permissible for the player to shoot. And so on. The term can be used in many ways consistent with these examples ("legal pocket" in one-pocket, "legal equipment" under tournament specifications, etc.).
left: Short for left english (side), i.e. spin imparted to the cue ball by stroking it to the lefthand side of its vertical axis. Contrast right.
lemon: A player is said to be a "lemon," "lemon man," or "playing on the lemon" when he intentionally plays below his true ability in order to attract more gambling action and win more money. Players who fall for the ruse would be less likely to gamble with the lemon man if he showed his full ability at all times.
lemonade stroke: An intentionally amateurish stroke to disguise one's ability to play. Compare on the lemonade.
let out: To allow an opponent to stop playing a set for money in exchange for something. If a player is winning a set by a wide margin, with $100 on the line, the player could say, "I'll let you out now for $75." This is usually meant to save pride.
little: Also littles, little ones, little balls.
In eight-ball, to be shooting the solid suit (group) of balls (1 through 7); "you're little, remember", "you're the little balls" or "I've got the littles". Compare small, solids, reds, low, spots, dots, unders; contrast big.
lock: A game that basically cannot be lost based on disparity of skill levels; "this game is a lock for him."
lock artist: Someone talented at making lock games.
lock up: The act of playing a devastating safety that leaves the opponent in a situation where it is very difficult, or near impossible, to make a legal hit on an object ball.^[13] See also jail.
long bank: A cross-corner bank shot from one end of the table to the other (i.e. across the center string). Long banks are considerably more difficult, because of the smaller margin for error due to distance and angle widening, than cross-side banks and short cross-corner banks from the same end of the table.
long double: Chiefly British: bank shot played up and down the longer length of the table off a short rail and into a corner pocket, as opposed to the more common bank across the short length into a center pocket or corner.
long pot: In snooker, a pot into any of the corner pockets where the cue ball had started in the opposite lengthwise half of the table. In other words, a pot in which the cue ball or object ball crosses an imaginary line joining the middle pockets.
long rail: Same as side rail.^[5]
long string: An imaginary line dividing the table into two equal halves lengthwise. It intersects the head string, center string and foot string at the head spot, center spot and foot spot, respectively.^[4]^:242^[5]
look back: To enter the loser bracket in a double elimination tournament, or otherwise slip in standing in other tournament formats (i.e., to lose a game/frame/round/match, but still remain in the competition).
loop bridge: Same as closed bridge.
losing hazard: Also loser, largely obsolete. A shot in which the cue ball is potted after caroming off another ball.^[5]^[11]^:148 In snooker and most pool games doing this would be a fault (foul), but the move will score points in many games in which hazards (as such) apply, such as English billiards, or in the final or game point in Cowboy pool. The term derives from this hazard costing the player points in early forms of billiards.^[11]^:275 Compare in-off, scratch. Contrast winning hazard.
low: 1. Also lows, low balls, low ones. In eight-ball, to be shooting the solid suit (group) of balls (1 through 7); "you're low, remember", "you're low balls" or "I've got the lows." Compare solids, reds, little, spots, dots, unders; contrast high.; 2. With draw, as in "I shot that low left", meaning "I shot that with draw and with left english". Derives from the fact that one must aim below the cue ball's equator, i.e. "low" on the ball, to impart draw. Contrast high.

M[edit]

mace: The forerunner of the cue was the mace, an implement similar to a light-weight golf club, with a foot that was generally used to shove rather than strike the cue ball.^[56] When the ball was frozen against a rail cushion, use of the mace was difficult (the foot would not fit under the edge of the cushion to strike the ball squarely), and by 1670 experienced players often used the tail or butt end of the mace instead.
magnetic cue ball: A cue ball that, due to embedded iron content, is responsive enough to a strong magnet that a modern coin-operated bar table with a magnetic ball-return mechanism can distinguish and separate the cue ball from the object balls. Magnetic cue balls are usually the same standard size as the object balls in the set, and near regulation weight, typically 0.5 to 1 ounce (14–28 g) heavier than the object balls. As such they do not suffer the playability problems of either excessively dense, ceramic "rock" or notable oversized "grapefruit" cue balls, and demonstrate only minimal smash-through. Magnetic balls are standard equipment in some leagues, including the VNEA. Magnetics come in three construction types of iron embedded in the same phenolic resin or other modern, resilient plastic that the object balls are made of: a solid metal core (prone to being off-center and not rolling true); small metal bars distributed around the interior of the ball (the most common, and less prone but not immune to balance defects); and tiny metal filings throughout the material (the most consistent, only made by one manufacturer, and expensive).
mark: 1. The target of a scam or hustle;^[57]; 2. A foolish person in a pool room;; 3. To indicate where something is to be done. To "mark the pocket" means to indicate which pocket you intend to sink an object ball. Contrast fish.
massé: Main article: Cue sports techniques § Massé shot

An extreme massé shot by William A. Spinks during an 1893 exhibition game against Jacob Schaefer, Sr. Starting from bottom left, his cue ball swerves into and caroms off one object ball, then due to its extreme spin rebounds into the cushion four times before finally rolling away for a perfect, scoring hit on the other object ball. And Spinks lost this game.
Also massé shot. A steep curve or complete reversal of cue ball direction without the necessity of any rail or object ball being struck, due to extreme spin imparted to the cue ball by a steeply elevated cue.^[5] Its invention is credited to François Mingaud. Compare semi-massé.
master break: Breaking and going on to win the game in one visit.
match: 1. The overall competition between two players, two pairs of players or two teams of players, usually consisting of a predetermined number of frames^[7] or games (sometimes organized into rounds). There are also specialized match formats where the game number is not predetermined; see race and ahead race for examples.; 2. To agree to rise to a higher wager, as in "$100? Yeah, I'll match that" (i.e., basically equivalent to "call a raise" in poker).
match ball: The ball required to guarantee victory in a match. Sometimes used figuratively to mean the last difficult ball required (chiefly British and usually used in multi-frame matches, particularly snooker).
match play: Also matchplay, match-play.
1. Chiefly British: Competitive play in matches with standings consequences, such as local snooker league competition or the World Snooker Championship, as opposed to practice, playing with friends at the pub, or hustling pool for money.; 2. Chiefly American: Same as one-on-one as applied to league play. (Definition appears to have been introduced by USA Pool League misapplying the term "match" to what is otherwise termed a "race".)^[58]^:2
maximum break: Main article: Maximum break
Also simply maximum.
In snooker, the highest break attainable with the balls that are racked; usually 147 points starting by potting fifteen reds, in combination with blacks, and clearing the colours. Also called a 147 (one-four-seven). In six-red snooker, the maximum break is only 75 points, due to fewer red balls and thus fewer black-scoring opportunities. See also total clearance.
mechanical bridge: A special stick with a grooved, slotted or otherwise supportive end attachment that helps guide the cue stick – a stand-in for the bridge hand. It is usually used only when the shot cannot be comfortably reached with a hand bridge. In American English, often shortened to bridge or called a bridge stick;^[5] the term rake is also common. An entire class of different mechanical bridges exist for snooker, called rests (see that entry for details), also commonly used in blackball and English billiards. Mechanical bridges have many derogatory nicknames, such as "ladies' aid", "crutch", "granny stick", and "sissy stick", because of the perception by many amateur players that they are evidence of weak playing skills or technique (the opposite is actually true).^[32]Small mechanical bridges, that stand on the table surface instead of being mounted on sticks, exist for disabled players who do not have or cannot use both hands or arms.
merry widow: Jargon term for a type of cue stick that has a plain forearm, without the tapered "points" that are a common feature of standard cue sticks.
middle pocket: Same as centre pocket.
middle spot: Same as center spot; uncommon.
miscue: A stroke in which the cue's tip glances or slips off the cue ball not effectively transferring the intended force.^[5] Usually the result is a bungled shot. Common causes include a lack of chalk on the cue tip, a poorly groomed cue tip and not stroking straight through the cue ball, e.g. because of steering. Sometimes played intentionally to avoid a double hit when the cue ball is very close to an object ball or cushion. Also the distinctive metallic sound made when a miscue occurs.
miss: In snooker, a shot where a player fouls by missing the ball on altogether. The miss rule allows for his opponent to have the player play exactly the same shot again, or at least as accurately as the referee is able to reproduce the ball positions. A miss usually occurs when a player makes an unsuccessful attempt at escaping from a snooker. It is a controversial rule aimed at formally discouraging deliberate fouls. In professional snooker, a referee will almost always call a miss on any foul where the player misses the ball on altogether, regardless of how close the player comes to hitting it. If a player is called for a miss three times in a single visit while not snookered, he forfeits the frame; to avoid this, players almost always play an easy hit on their third attempt, even if it is likely to leave a chance for the opponent.
missable: Describing a difficult pot: "the awkward cueing makes this shot missable."
money added: Said of a tournament in which the pot of money to pay out to the winner(s) contains sponsor monies in addition to competitor entry fees. Often used as an adjective: "a money-added event". See also added.
money ball: Name for the ball that when legally pocketed, wins the game, or any ball that when made results in a payday such as a "way" in the game of Chicago. If a money ball is illegally pocketed, it usually results in a loss of game, or a foul.
money game: A game (often actually a race) the outcome of which is the subject of gambling by the players and/or by stakehorses. Participants may use the phrase "this is a money game" to indicate to others that they take the contest more seriously than a casual game and, e.g., are unwilling to make sportsmanlike compromises or do not appreciate distractions. A clear illustration of the latter is in the "two brothers and a stranger" hustling scene in the film The Color of Money.
money, in the: See in the money.
money table: The table reserved for money games or, by extension, the best table in the house. This table is typically of better quality and regularly maintained, and may have pockets that are unusually tight. Money tables in popular venues may be outright reserved for major action.
mushroom: Also mushroomed tip.Leather of the cue tip overhanging the ferrule because of compression from innumerable repeated impacts against the cue ball without proper maintenance of the tip. It must be trimmed off, or it will cause miscues and inaccuracies, as it is not backed by the solid ferrule and thus will compress much more than the tip should on impact.^[11]^:159 See also burnish.
mushroom trimmer: Also mushroom shaver, mushroom cutter.A sharp-bladed tip tool used to trim the mushroomed portion off a cue tip and restore it to its proper shape.

N[edit]

nap

A directional pile created by the short fuzzy ends of fibers on the surface of cloth projecting upward from the lie and which create a favorable and unfavorable direction for rolling balls.^[1] The convention in most billiards games in which directional nap cloth is used is to brush the cloth along the table in the same direction of the nap, usually from the end that a player breaks. In snooker and UK eight-ball especially, this creates the effect of creep in the direction of the nap, the most-affected shot being a slow roll into a center pocket against the nap. It is commonly referred to in the fuller term "nap of the cloth." When nap is used in relation to woven cloths that have no directional pile, such as those typically used in the U.S. for pool tables, the term simply refers to the fuzziness of the cloth.^[59]

natural

1. Noun: In pool, a natural is an easy shot requiring no side spin (english).

2. Adjective: In pool, a shot is said to be natural if it does not require adjustments, such as a cut angle, side spin, or unusual force. A natural bank shot, for example, is one in which simply shooting straight into the object ball at medium speed and with no spin will send the object ball directly into the target pocket on the other side of the table.

3. In three cushion billiards, the most standard^{[clarification needed]} shot where the third ball is advantageously placed in a corner.^[5]

9 ball

Also the 9.The money ball (game ball or frame ball) in a game of nine-ball. It is the last ball that must be pocketed, after the remaining eight object balls have been pocketed, or may be pocketed early to win the game so long as the lowest-numbered ball on the table is struck before the 9. In other games, such as eight-ball, the 9 is simply one of the regular object balls (a stripe, in particular).

nip draw

A short, jabbed draw stroke usually employed so as to not commit a foul (i.e. due to following through to a double hit) when the cue ball is very near to the target object ball.^[5]

nit

Someone who wants too high a handicap or refuses to wager any money on a relatively fair match; a general pool room pejorative moniker. Probably derived from "nitwit".

nominate

Same as call. (Formal.)

nose

The furthest-protruding edge of the face of the cushion over the bed of the table. The dimensions of the playing area are thus defined by the measurements lengthwise and widthwise between the cushion noses (though specifications may simply refer to the cushion face for short in that context).^[12]^:9 The height of the nose from the bed determines the cushion profile. The corners (sharp on pool tables, rounded on snooker tables) formed by the nose at the entrance to the pockets are called the knuckles, points, or titties. The difference between the noses and the knuckles of the cushions is that the former run the entire length of the cusion, while the latter are the points or curves formed where the cushion meets the pocket. The edge of cushion on the inside of the pocket jaws is the facing.

nurse

Also nurse shot, nursery shot, nursery cannon.

In carom billiards games, when all the balls are kept near each other and a cushion so that with very soft shots the balls can be "nursed" down a rail, allowing multiple successful shots that effectively replicate the same ball setup so that the nurse shots can be continued almost indefinitely, unless a limit is imposed by the rules.

Excessive use of nurse shots in straight rail by players skilled enough to set them up and pull them off repeatedly at will is what led to the development of the balkline and one-cushion game variations, and repetitive shot limitation rules in English billiards.^[60]

O[edit]

object ball: Depending on context:
1. Any ball that may be legally struck by the cue ball (i.e., any ball-on);; 2. Any ball other than the cue ball. Usage notes: When speaking very generally, e.g. about the proper way to make a kind of shot, any ball other than the cue ball is an object ball. In narrower contexts, this may not be the case. For example when playing eight-ball one might not think of the 8 ball as an object ball unless shooting for the 8.
on a string: Used when describing perfect play; a metaphoric reference to puppetry:
1. pool: See Having the cue ball on a string.; 2. Carom billiards: Order may be inverted: "as if the balls had strings on them".^[19]
on the hill: Describes a player who needs only one more game win to be victorious in the match.^[50]^[51] See also hill, hill.
on the lemonade: Also on the lemon, laying down the lemon.Disguising the level of one's ability to play; also known as sandbagging or hustling (though the latter has a broader meaning).^[61]^[62] Compare lemonade stroke.
on the snap: As a result of the opening break shot (the "snap"), usually said of winning by pocketing the money ball ("won on the snap", "got it on the snap", etc.) Employed most commonly in the game of nine-ball where pocketing the 9 ball at any time in the game on a legal stroke, including the break shot, is a win.^[1]^[63] Sometimes used alone as an exclamation or exhortation, "On the snap!"^[9] See also golden break.
on the wire: See games on the wire.
one-on-one: Also 1-on-1, one on one, etc.
1. Competition between an individual player and an individual opponent, as opposed to team play, scotch doubles and other multi-player variants.; 2. A team play format in which an individual player from the home team plays a race against an individual player from the visiting team, and then is finished for that match.^[58]^:3–4 (Same as match play, definition 2.) Several large leagues use this format, including APA/CPA and USAPL. (Contrast round robin.)
one-stroke: To shoot without taking enough warm-up strokes to properly aim and feel out the stroke and speed to be applied. One-stroking is a common symptom of nervousness and a source of missed shots and failed position.^[6] See also choke, dog.
open: 1. In eight-ball, when all object balls are balls-on for either player. See open table.; 2. A description of a break shot in which the rack (pack) is spread apart well. See also the open break requirement in some games' rules, including eight-ball and nine-ball; 3. In carom billiards, descriptive of play in which the balls are not gathered. See open play.; 4. A description of a layout of balls that, because it is so spread out, makes it easy for a good player to run out and win, due to lack of problematic clustered balls.
open break: A requirement under some pool rulesets that either an object ball be pocketed, or at least four object balls be driven to contact the cushions, on the opening break shot.^[5] Contrast soft break.
open bridge: A bridge formed by the hand where no finger loops over the shaft of the cue. Typically, the cue stick is channeled by a "v"-shaped groove formed by the thumb and the base of the index finger.
open play: A description of play in carom billiards games in which the balls remain widely separated rather than gathered, requiring much more skill to score points and making nurse shots effectively impossible, and making for a more interesting game for onlookers.^[19] Most skilled players try to gather the balls as quickly as possible to increase their chances of continuing to score in a long run.
open table: In eight-ball and related games, describes the situation in which neither player has yet claimed a suit (group) of balls. Often shortened to simply open: "Is it still an open table?" "Yes, it's open."
orange ball: In Snooker plus, an additional colour ball worth eight points.
orange crush, the: The 5 out (meaning the player getting the handicap can win by making the 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 balls).
out: 1. A specific ball number followed by "out" refers to a handicap in nine-ball or other rotation games where the "spot" is all balls from that designated number to the money ball. To illustrate, the 6-out in a nine-ball game would allow the player getting weight to win by legally pocketing the 6, 7, 8 or 9 balls.; 2. Short for run out, especially as a noun: "That was a nice out."
outside english: Side spin on a cue ball on the opposite side of the direction of the cut angle to be played (right-hand english when cutting an object ball to the left, and vice versa). In addition to affecting cue ball position, outside english can be used to decrease throw.
overcut: Hitting the object ball with too large of a cut angle; hitting the object ball too thin. It is a well-known maxim that overcutting is preferable to undercutting in many situations, as is more often leaves the table in a disadvantageous position on the miss than does an undercut. See also professional side of the pocket.
overs: Same as stripes, in New Zealand.^[64] Compare yellows, high, big ones; contrast unders.

P[edit]

pack

1. In snooker, the bunch of reds that are typically left below the pink spot in the early stages of a frame, not including those reds that have been released into pottable positions.

2. A cluster of balls.^[4]^:243

3. Same as package.

package

Successive games won without the opponent getting to the table; a five-pack would be a package of five games.

pantsed

Australian: same as down-trou.

paper cut

Same as feather (US) or snick (UK) (US, colloquial).

parking the cue ball

1. Having the cue ball stop at or near the center of the table on a forceful break shot (the breaking ideal in many games such as nine-ball);

2. Having the cue ball stop precisely where intended.

peas

Also pills, tally balls and shake balls.Small, round markers typically numbered 1 through 16, which are placed in a bottle for various random assignment purposes, such as in a tournament roster, to assign order of play in a multiplayer game, or to assign particular balls to players in games such as kelly pool.^[1]^[5]

percentage

See play the percentages.^[6] Used by itself often with "low" and "high": "that's a low-percentage shot for me", "I should really take the high-percentage one".

pills

Same as peas.^[5]

pin

1. A bolt-threaded protrusion inside the joint of the cue, usually protruding from the butt and screwing into the shaft rather than vice versa. Most modern cues make use of metal pins and collars, but carom billiards cues usually have a wooden pin, and a collarless wood-on-wood joint.^[31]

2. Same as skittle.

pink ball

Also the pink.In snooker, the second-highest value colour ball, being worth six points.^[11]^:179–180 It is placed on the pink spot.^[11]^:179–180^[12]^:10 In some (especially American) snooker ball sets, it is numbered "6" on its surface.

pink spot

The marked spot on a snooker table at which the pink ball is placed. Regardless of table size, it is exactly midway between the centre spot (blue spot) and the face (nose) of the top cushion.^[11]^:179–180^[12]^:10 Also known as the pyramid spot (sense 2).^[11]^{:179–180, 194}^[12]^:10

piqué

Also piquet.Either a massé shot with no english (sidespin), or a shot in which the cue stick is steeply angled, but not held quite as near-vertically as it is in full massé.^[1]^:171^[4]^:243

place

To reach a certain position in a tournament. "I placed 17th." "She will probably place in the money this time."

plain ball

In snooker, hitting the cue ball in the center, without any spin.

plant

Chiefly British. Same as combination shot.^[5]

play the percentages

Using knowledge of the game and one's own abilities and limitations to choose the manner of shooting and the particular shot from an array presented, that has a degree of likelihood of success. This often requires a player to forego a shot that if made would be very advantageous but does not have a high likelihood of success, in favor of a safety or less advantageous shot that is more realistically achievable.^[6]

playing area

Also playing surface.The area of the table on which the balls roll, i.e. the table surface exclusive of the rails and the tops of the cushions. The playing surface is defined by the measurements lengthwise and widthwise between the cushion noses (though specifications may simply refer to the cushion faces for short in that context).^[12]^:9 Artistic pool and other forms of trick shots sometimes call for shots to go beyond the bounds of the playing surface, e.g. a jump shot off the table into a boot on the floor, in Mike Massey's classic "boot shot". The playing surface is what is used, not the entire table, when describing the approximate size of billiard tables of all kinds (e.g. "an 8 × 4 foot pool table").

pocket

1. (noun) An opening in a billiards table, cut partly into the bed and partly into the rails and their cushions, into which balls are shot (pocketed or potted). Pockets may drop into a leather or cloth net, a solid cup, or a ball-return mechanism. The jaws of the pocket have a cushion facing; the knuckle or point is where this facing meets (in a pointed or curved fashion) the cushion that bounds the playing surface of the table. Billiards-style pockets also feature in some distantly related tabletop games like carrom, novuss, pichenotte, pitchnut, air hockey, and the historical bagatelle family of games. Historically related to the holes in golf, the basic concept of a ball-capturing target or hazard is a feature of many other games, including pinball, cornhole, skeeball, and (in an elevated fashion) basketball.

2. (verb) To send a ball into a pocket, usually intentionally.

pocket facing

Same as facing.

pocket speed

Also pocket-speed.

1. Describes the propensity of table pockets to more easily accept an imperfectly aimed ball shot at a relatively soft speed, that might not fall if shot with more velocity ("that ball normally wouldn't fall but he hit it at pocket speed"). The less sensitive to shot-speed that a pocket is, the "faster" it is said to be.^[51]

2. Describes the velocity of an object ball shot with just enough speed to reach the intended pocket and drop. "Shoot this with pocket speed only, so you don't send the cue ball too far up-table."

pocket template

A rigid, flat piece of material such as plastic that outlines the exact angles and curvature of the knuckles of the cushions at a pocket, the width of their separation across the pocket opening (the jaws of the pocket) and the depth into the jaws where the pocket drop is. The templates thereby determine the size and other playing aspects of the pocket. Such standardization is used especially in snooker and English billiards, for which the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association presently issues pocket templates.^[12]^:9 These proprietary templates are tightly controlled, and only provided to approved venues and manufacturers. Each table requires two pairs of templates, as the specifications for corner and centre (side) pockets are entirely different.^[46]^:8^[65] For each pocket type, one template is used to determine pocket width and other horizontal aspects, while the other measures the face of the cushions including any undercut, the fall of the pocket, and other vertical aspects.^[46]^:8 See also racking template, training template.

point

1. A unit of scoring, in games such as snooker and straight pool with numerical scoring.

2. A unit of scoring, in team matches in leagues that use numerical scoring instead of simple game/frame win vs. loss ratios.

3. Another term for knuckle / tittie.

pointing

A term used to indicate balls that are frozen to each other, or close enough, such that no matter from which angle they are hit, the combination will send the outer ball in the same predictable direction. "Are the 2 and 7 pointing at the corner? Okay, I'll use that duck to get position way over there."

points on the wire

Same as games on the wire.

pool glasses

Also pool spectacles, pool specs.Same as billiards glasses.

pool glove

A tight, Spandex glove covering usually most or all of the thumb, index finger and middle finger, worn on the bridge hand as a more convenient and less messy alternative to using hand talc, and for the same purpose: a smooth-gliding stroke.

pool shark

See shark (in all senses).

position

The placement of the balls, especially the cue ball, relative to the next planned shot. Also known as shape.^[5] See also position play, leave.

position play

Skilled playing in which knowledge of ball speed, angles, post-impact trajectory, and other factors are used to gain position (i.e. a good leave) after the target ball is struck. The goals of position play are generally to ensure that the next shot is easy or at least makeable, and/or to play a safety in the advent of a miss (intentional or otherwise).

pot

1. (verb, chiefly British) To sink a ball into a pocket.^[5] See also pocket (verb).

2. (noun, chiefly British) An instance of potting a ball ("it was a good pot considering the angle and distance of the shot").

3. (noun) Pooled money being played for, in money games or tournaments, as in poker and other gambling activities. This very old term derives from players placing their stakes into a pot or other receptacle before play begins.

pot and tuck

A tactic employed in UK eight-ball pool in which a player calls and pots one of the balls in a favorably lying set, then plays safe, leaving as many of his/her well-placed balls on the table as possible, until the opponents commits a foul or leaves a chance that the player feels warrants an attempt at running out.

pot success

A statistical value given to how often a player is completing pots in a match, usually expressed as a percentage.^[66]

potter

A British term for someone with little experience or understanding of the game, who may be skilled at potting individual balls but does not consider tactics such as position or safety; "he's a potter, not a player." Compare U.S. banger.

potting angle

The desired angle that must be created between the path of the cue ball and the path of the object ball upon contact to pot the object ball. It is usually measured to the center of the pocket. See also aiming line.

power draw

Extreme application of draw.^[6]

professional foul

A deliberate foul that leaves the balls in a safe position, reducing the risk of giving a frame-winning chance to the opponent. The miss rule in snooker was implemented primarily to discourage the professional fouls.

professional side of the pocket

Also pro side of the pocket; sometimes "of the pocket" is left off the phrase.

The long-rail side of a corner pocket. To "aim for the profession side of the pocket" is to slightly overcut a difficult corner-pocket cut shot, to cheat the pocket, rather than undercutting, especially in nine-ball. Erring too much in this direction is "missing on the professional side of the pocket." It is so called because experienced players understand that on a thin cut, overcutting the object ball to a corner pocket will far more often leave the object ball in an unfavorable position, i.e. along the short rail for the incoming opponent than will an undercut, which often leaves the object ball sitting in front of or nearby the pocket it had been intended for on a miss.^[67]^[68]^[69]

By contrast, in eight-ball, except when both players are shooting at the 8 ball, the incoming player after a miss is shooting for different object balls, so this maxim does not apply, and the opposite may be good strategy as, if the object ball stays near the pocket through an undercut, it is advantageously positioned for a subsequent turn and may block the opponent's use of the pocket.^[10]

program

Also (chiefly British) programme.Short for shot program.^[38]

purple ball

In Snooker plus, an additional colour ball worth ten points.

push

1. Same as push out.

2. Same as push shot.

push out

As an adjective or compound noun: push-out.A rule in many games (most notably nine-ball, after and only after the break shot), allowing a player to "push out" the cue ball to a new position without having to contact any ball, much less pocket one or drive it to a cushion, but not counting any pocketed ball as valid (other foul rules apply, such as double hits, scratching the cue ball, etc.), with the caveat that the opponent may shoot from the new cue ball position or give the shot back to the pusher who must shoot from the new position. In nine-ball particularly, and derived games such as seven-ball and ten-ball, pocketing the money ball on a push-out results in that ball being respotted (which can be used to strategic advantage in certain circumstances, such as when the break leaves no shot on the ball-on, and failure to hit it would give the incoming player an instant-win combination shot on the money ball).^{[clarification needed]}

push shot

Any foul shot in which a player's cue tip stays in contact with the cue ball for more than the momentary time commensurate with a stroked shot.^[4]^:116^[5] In the game of snooker, it is considered a push if the cue strikes the cue ball more than once in a given shot (a double hit) or if the cue stick, cue ball and ball-on are all in contact together during a shot (if the cue ball and object ball are frozen together, special dispensation is given provided the cue ball is struck at a downward or otherwise "off" angle; that is, not directly into the line of the two balls).

put up money

1. For a player to place money for a wager in an openly visible spot (typically on the hanging light above the table, thus the origin of the phrase); this demonstrates that the money is actually present and obviates any need to demand its production from the loser's pocket. "You want to play for 500? Put it up!"

2. To stake a particular amount of money on a gambling player. "I'll put up another 2000, but you'd better win this time."

3. On a coin-operated bar table, to place one or more coins on the rail, or on the bed of the table under the cushion, as a marker of one's place in line (UK: on queue) to play. "You didn't put your quarters up." And alternative is to put one's name on a list, e.g. on a chalkboard.

pyramid

1. The full fifteen ball set of pool or snooker object balls after being racked, before the break shot (i.e., same as rack, definition 2, and triangle, defn. 2). Chiefly British today, but also an American usage ca. World War I.^[70]

2. Also pyramids.The game of Russian pyramid or any related game.

pyramid spot

1. In pool, same as foot spot: The spot on which the pyramid is racked, with the apex ball on this spot. Chiefly British today, but also an American usage ca. World War I.^[70]

2. In snooker (and by extension modern English billiards), same as pink spot: The spot on which the pink ball is placed, in front of the pyramid.^[11]^{:179–180, 194}^[12]^:10

Q[edit]

quadruple century: Also quadruple-century break.See double century.
quintuple century: Also quintuple-century break.See double century.

R[edit]

race: A predetermined, fixed number of games or points a player must achieve to win a match or game; "a race to seven", in the context of nine-ball, means whomever wins seven games first wins the match.^[1]^:186^[5]^[13] See also ahead race for a more specialized usage.
rack (noun): 1. A geometric form, usually aluminum, wooden or plastic, used to assist in setting up balls in games like eight-ball, nine-ball, and snooker. The rack allows for more consistently tight grouping of balls, which is necessary for a successful break shot. In most games a triangle-shaped rack capable of holding fifteen balls can be employed, even if the game calls for racking less than a full ball set, such as in the game of nine-ball. For further information, see the Rack (billiards) main article.; 2. Used to refer to a racked group of balls before they have been broken.; 3. In some games, refers to a single frame.; 4. Colloquial shorthand for "a set of balls".; 5. Short for cue rack, wall rack or scoring rack when such abbreviation would not be ambiguous.
rack (verb): The act of setting up the balls for a break shot. In tournament play this will be done by the referee, but in lower-level play, players either rack for themselves or for each other depending on convention.
rack and run: Chiefly American: In pool games, when a player racks the object balls, and the breaking opponent does not pocket a ball on the break, and the person who racked the game commences to run out all of the remaining object balls without the breaker getting another visit at the table. This is similar to a break and run, with the key difference being that the person executing the "rack and run" did not break the balls in that game.
racking template: An outgrowth of the training template concept, a racking template is a racking tool used in place of a traditional rigid ball rack for pool or snooker balls, consisting of a very thin, e.g. 0.14 mm (0.0055 in),^[71] sheet of material such as paper^[72] or plastic^[71] with holes into which object balls settle snugly against one another to form a tight rack (pack). The template is placed, stencil-like, in racking position, with the lead ball's hole directly over the center of the foot spot. The balls are then placed onto the template and arranged to settle into their holes, forming a tight rack. Unlike with a training template, the balls are not tapped to create divots, and instead the template is left in place until after the break shot at which time it can be removed (unless balls are still sitting on top of it). Manufacturers such as Magic Ball Rack insist that racking templates are designed "to affect the balls to a minimum",^[71] and while pro player Mika Immonen has endorsed that particular brand as a retail product,^[71] as of September 2010,^[update] no professional tours nor amateur leagues have adopted that or any other racking template. Although Magic Ball Rack implies development work since 2006,^[71] other evidence suggests invention, by Magic Ball Rack's founder, in mid-2009, with product announcement taking place in September of that year.^[72]See also pocket template.
rail: Also (uncommonly) cushion rail.^[12]^:9The sides of a table's frame upon which the elastic cushion are mounted and in which the diamonds (sights) are inlaid (on tables that possess them). The term is often used interchangeably with cushion.^[5]
rake: Same as mechanical bridge; so-called because of its typical shape.
rat in: To pocket a ball by luck; "he ratted in the 9 ball"; usually employed disapprovingly. See also slop.
rebound angle: Same as angle of reflection.
red ball: Also red(s), the red(s).
1. In snooker, any of the 15 balls worth one point each that can be potted in any order. During the course of a break a player must first pot a red followed by a colour, and then a red and colour, etc., until the reds run out and then the re-spotted six colours must be cleared in their order. Potting more than one red in a single shot is not a foul – the player simply gets a point for each red potted. Red balls are never numbered "1" on their surface, even in (primarily American) sets in which the colours are numbered with their values.; 2. In blackball, one of two groups of seven object balls that must be potted before the black. Reds are spotted before yellows, if balls from both group must be spotted at the same time. Compare stripes; contrast yellow ball.^[7]; 3. In carom billiards, the object ball that is neither player's cue ball.
recycle the cue ball: In snooker, to make a series of shots to regain position from being out of position.
referee: The person in charge of the game whose primary role is to ensure adherence by both players to the appropriate rules of the game being played. Other duties of the referee include racking each frame, re-spotting balls during the course of a game, maintaining the equipment associated with the table (e.g. keeping the balls clean), controlling the crowd and, if necessary, controlling the players. Formerly sometimes referred to as the umpire.
re-rack: Also rerack.
1. In snooker, the abandonment of a frame upon agreement between the players, so that the balls can be set up again and the frame restarted with no change to the score since the last completed frame. This is the result of situations, such as trading of containing safeties, where there is no foreseeable change to the pattern of shots being played, so the frame could go on indefinitely.; 2. In pool, placing of the object balls back in the rack, after a foul break.
re-spot: Also respot.
1. Same as re-spotted black.; 2. Same as spot (verb), sense 1 (pool) and sense 2 (snooker).
re-spotted black: In snooker, a situation where the scores are tied after all the balls have been potted, and the black ball is re-spotted and the first player to pot it wins. The players toss for the first shot, which must be taken with the cue ball in the D. A safety battle typically ensues, until an error allows a player to pot the black, or a fluke or a difficult pot is made.
rest: Three types of rest: swan, spider, and cross rake
A chiefly British term for a set of mechanical bridges. British-style rests differ from most American-style rake bridges in shape, and take several forms: the cross, the spider and the swan (or goose neck), as well as the rarer and often unsanctioned hook. When used unqualified, the word usually refers to the cross. Rests are used in snooker, English billiards, and blackball.^[7]
reverse english: Side spin on the cue ball that causes it to unnaturally roll off a cushion (contacted at an angle) against rather than with the ball's momentum and direction of travel. If angling into a cushion that is on the right, then reverse english would be right english, and vice versa. The angle of deflection will be steeper (narrower) than if no english were applied. The opposite of running english, which has effects other than simply the opposites of those of reverse english.
right: Short for right english (side), i.e. side spin imparted to the cue ball by stroking it to the right-hand side of its vertical axis. Contrast left.
ring game: 1. A style of game play in which as many players are allowed to join as the participants choose, and anyone can quit at any time.^[11]^:204 The term, most often used in the context of gambling, is borrowed from poker. The folk games three-ball and killer are usually played as open ring games, as is Kelly pool.; 2. By extension, a multi-player game that anyone may initially join, but which has a fixed roster of competitors once it begins, is sometimes also called a ring game. Cutthroat is, by its nature, such a game. A famous regular ring game event of this sort is the six-player, US$3000-buy-in ring ten-ball competition at the annual Derby City Classic.^[73]; 3. A nine-ball ring game is played by more than two players and has special rules. Typically, the players choose a random method for setting the order of play, with the winner breaking. Safeties are not allowed and there are two or more money balls – usually the five and nine.^{[citation needed]}
road map: A pool table spread in which the balls are extremely easily positioned for a run out, and where little movement of the cue ball on each shot is necessary to obtain position on the next.^[74]
road player: A highly skilled hustler making money gambling while traveling.^[6] Fast Eddie Felson in The Hustler was a road player. One of the most notorious real-life road players is Keith McCready.
rob: 1. (Transitive, "to rob") Playing an opponent for money who has a very low chance of winning based on disparity of skill levels.; 2. (Intransitive, "to be robbed") Usually unwittingly playing an opponent for money who has a very high chance of winning based on disparity of skill levels.; 3. (Intransitive, "to be robbed") Used humorously in exclamations when a shot that looks like it would work did not, as in "Oh! You got robbed on that one!"
rock: Colloquial term for an unusually hard, heavy cue ball made of ceramic instead of the phenolic resin or other modern, resilient plastics most billiard balls are made of. "Rock" cue balls are frequently found on older coin-operated bar tables that do not have magnetic ball-return mechanisms. As with oversized "grapefruit" cue balls, the ball return works because the cue ball is considerably heavier than, and thereby distinguishable from, the object balls. Because of their brittle material, rocks wear out faster that normal cue balls, are prone to chippings, and due to their density also shorten the lifespan of the object balls and the cloth. Their weight has a strong effect on play, as they are difficult to draw (screw), stop and stun, and generate a large amount of smash-through, compared to standard and magnetic cue balls, but do not reduce cut shot accuracy like grapefruit balls.
rocking cannon: Chiefly British: Same as chuck nurse.
roll: 1. Describes lucky or unlucky "rolls" of the cue ball; "I had good rolls all night; "that was a bad roll."^[75] However, when said without an adjective ascribing good or bad characteristics to it, "roll" usually refers to a positive outcome such as in "he sure got a roll".^[6]; 2. The roll: same as the lag.^[19]
roll-up: A gentle tap of the cue ball with the intention of getting it as tight as possible behind an object ball, in the hope of a snooker. It is most common in the game of snooker, and is often results in a foul in many pool games, in which on every shot, after the cue ball has contacted a legal object ball (a ball-on, then either any ball must contact a cushion or any object ball must be pocketed (potted). A roll-up can be legal in such games when the object ball used for the tactic is very close to a cushion, so that either it or the cue ball lightly touch the cushion after ball-on-ball contact.
roquet: A term in croquet and other forms of ground billiards for a carom, sense 3: hitting an object ball with one's own ball; originally spelled the French way, roquêt into the late 19th century. In croquet, unlike similar games, this triggers a special situation, the croquet stroke: the shooter may take ball in hand, placing their own ball against the opponent's ball that was struck, so that the balls are frozen, then step on the player's own ball to keep it place or slow its movement, and strike it, sending most or all of the energy of the hit into the opponent ball, driving it far away, while leaving the player's own ball in place or rolling slowly to a desired location.^[76]
rotation: 1. Descriptive of any game in which the object balls must be struck in numerical order. Billiard researcher Mike Shamos observes that it would be more intuitive to call such games "'series' or 'sequence'". The term actually derives from the set-up of the game Chicago, in which the balls are not racked, but placed numerically around the table along the cushions (and must be shot in ascending order).^[11]^{:51, 205} Other common rotation games include pool, nine-ball, seven-ball, ten-ball; 2. The specific pool game of rotation.
round: 1. A multi-game division of a match, as used in some league and tournament formats. For example, in a match between two teams of five players each, a 25-game match might be divided into five rounds of five games each, in which the roster of one team moves one line down at the beginning of each round, such that by the end of the match every player on team A has played every player on team B in round robin fashion.; 2. A level of competition elimination in a tournament, such as the quarter-final round, semi-final round and final round.
round robin: A tournament format in which each contestant plays each of the other contestants at least once.^[5] In typical league team play, round robin format means that each member of the home team plays each member of the visiting team once. This format is used by BCAPL, VNEA and many other leagues. Contrast one-on-one.
round the angles: Describing a shot that requires one or more balls to be played off several cushions, such as an elaborate escape or a positional shot; "he'll have to send the cue ball round the angles to get good position."
rubber match: The deciding match between two tied opponents. Compare hill-hill.
ruckus: A British term (especially in snooker) for the splitting of a group of balls when another ball is sent into them, typically with the intent of deliberately moving them with the cue ball to develop them.
run: The number of balls pocketed in an inning in pool (e.g., a run of five balls), or points scored in a row in carom billiards (e.g., a run of five points).^[4]^:244^[5] Compare British break (sense 2), which is applied to pool as well as snooker in British English.
run out: 1. (verb) Make all of the required shots in a game without the opponent ever getting to the table or getting back to the table; 2. (noun) usually run-out, sometimes runout) An instance of running out in a game.
run the table: Similar to run out (sense 1), but more specific to making all required shots from the start of a rack. See also break and run, break and dish.
running a coup
running english: Side spin on the cue ball that causes it to roll off a cushion (contacted at an angle) with rather than against the ball's natural momentum and direction of travel.^[6] If angling into a rail that is on the right, then running english would be left english, and vice versa. The angle of deflection will be wider than if no english were applied to the cue ball. But more importantly, because the ball is rolling instead of sliding against the rail, the angle will be more consistent. For this reason, running english is routinely used. Also called running side in British terminology. Contrast reverse english.

S[edit]

safe: 1. Describing a ball that is in a position that makes it very difficult to pot.; 2. Describing a situation a player has been left in by the opponent, intentionally or otherwise, that makes it difficult to pot any balls-on. See also snooker.
safety: 1. An intentional defensive shot, the most common goal of which is to leave the opponent either no plausible shot at all, or at least a difficult one.; 2. A shot that is called aloud as part of a game's rules; once invoked, a safety usually allows the player to pocket his or her own object ball without having to shoot again, for strategic purposes. In games such as seven-ball, in which any shot that does not result in a pocketed ball is a foul under some rules, a called safety allows the player to miss without a foul resulting. A well-played safety may result in a snooker.
safety break: A break shot in which the object is to leave the incoming player with no shot or a very difficult shot, such as is normally employed in the opening break of straight pool.^[1] Cf. open break.
sandbag: To disguise the level of one's ability to play in various ways such as using a lemonade stroke; intentionally missing shots; making an uneven game appear "close"; purposefully losing early, inconsequential games. Sandbagging is a form of hustling, and in handicapped leagues, considered a form of cheating, as it is used to obtain a low handicap so that a skilled player can later use this rating to improper advantage in more important competitions. The term "sandbag" is often applied to other rated tournaments, including chess and Scrabble; the technique was used in the 2012 Olympics by badminton players, resulting in several disqualifications.^[78] See also dump and on the lemonade.
saver: Same as gapper.^[6]
scotch doubles: A form of doubles play in which the two team members take turns, playing alternating shots during an inning (i.e. each team's inning consists of two players' alternating visits, each of one shot only, until that team's inning ends, and the next team begins their alternating-shot turn.) Effective scotch doubles play requires close communication between team partners, especially as to desired cue ball position for the incoming player. Like "english", "scotch" is usually not capitalized in this context. The term is also used in bowling, and may have originated there.
score: 1. Verb: To earn one or more points with one or more shots in an inning, e.g. "scored 2 that round".; 2. Noun: The tally of a player's points, earned by shots and (in some games) awarded by opponent fouls, e.g. "had a score of 12 that game".; 3. Noun: The compared total of both (or in games with three or more participants, all) player's/team's points, e.g. "won by a score of 12 to 6".
scoreboard: Also score-board, score board.A usually wall-mounted device for keeping score between two or more players in point-based games or in races. The most common type, mostly used for snooker and straight pool, consists of two or more pointers sliding on board-mounted rails to indicate 1s and 10s marked on the board. Some carom billiards clubs provide digital scoreboards for each table. Other scoring methods include wall-mounted scoring racks, in-rail scoring wheels, and over-table scoring strings.
scorekeeper: Also score-keeper, score keeper. Person who keeps score for others while they play. A designated scorekeeper is common in league play (often the team captain, or a player who is simply not playing at that moment) and in professional tournaments. A scorekeeper may also be used in high-stakes money games, as depicted in the film The Hustler.
scorer: 1. Same as scorekeeper.; 2. A scoring device, i.e. a scoreboard, scoring rack, scoring string, and/or set of scoring wheels.
scoring rack: Also score rack.A wall-mounted, usually wooden rack with several numbered shelves to hold each player's pocketed balls, used for keeping score between players of games in which points are awarded by the numerical values on the balls. Scoring racks remain common in places where rotation and related games are popular, e.g. Mexico, but are rare where these games have mostly died out. Also known as a counter rack. Sometimes ambiguously called a wall rack or ball rack.
scoring string: Also score string or (ambiguously) string.Same as wire, sense 1.
scoring wheels: Also score wheels.Rotating wheels, numbered 0–9 not unlike a multi-dial combination lock, mounted into a rail of the Billiard table, and used for keeping score between two or more players in point-based games or in races. They are typically a pair of wheels, representing 10s and 1s, for at least two players. Such wheels are sometimes also used to create wall-mounted scoreboards.
scratch: Pocketing of the cue ball, in pool games. In most games, a scratch is a type of foul.^[5] "Scratch" (also known as "sewering the cue ball") is sometimes used less precisely to refer to all types of fouls. See also in-off and, more generally, foul.
screw: Same as draw (chiefly British).
scuffer: An abrasive tip tool used as a grinder to roughen the cue tip to better hold chalk after it has become hardened and smooth from repeated impacts with the cue ball. Tappers serve the same purpose, but are used differently. Similar to a shaper, but shallower and less rough.
see: To be able to clearly see a path to a pocket or object ball without any other obstacle interfering, usually as a straight shot: "The 3-Ball is hanging in the pocket, but I can't see it because the 9 ball is in my way."
seeding: The placement of player(s) automatically in a tournament where some have to qualify, or automatic placement in later rounds.^[5]
sell out: To bungle a shot in a manner that leaves the table in a fortuitous position for the opponent.^[68] Contrast sell the farm.
sell the farm: To bungle a shot in a manner that leaves the table in such a fortuitous position for the opponent that there is a strong likelihood of losing the game or match.^[6] Contrast sell out.
semi-massé: Main article: Cue sports techniques § Semi-massé
Also semi-massé shot. A moderate curve imparted to the path of the cue ball by an elevated hit with use of english (side); or a shot using this technique. Also known as a curve (US) or swerve (UK) shot. Compare massé.
session: 1. Principally US: One or more sets, usually in the context of gambling. See also ahead race (a.k.a. ahead session) for a more specialized usage.; 2. Principally British: Any of a group of pre-determined frames played in a match too long to be completed within a single day's play. A best of 19 frame match, for example, is generally played with two "sessions", the first composed of nine frames, the second of ten. This term is generally used only in the context of professional snooker, as matches at the amateur level are rarely played over more than nine frames. Longer matches can be split into three or four sessions.
session to spare: Principally British: In snooker, if a player wins a match without the need for the final session to be played, then they are said to have won the match "with a session to spare". For example, if a player wins a best-of-25-frames match split into three sessions (two sessions of eight frames and one of nine) by a margin of say, 13 frames to 3, the match will be completed after the first two sessions, with no need to play the third.
set: A predetermined number of games, usually played for a specified sum of money. Contrast race (a predetermined number of wins). Informally, sets may refer to gambling more generally, as in "I've been playing sets all day", even when the format is actually races or single games.
set up: Usually set-up in non-verb form, sometimes setup in noun form particularly.
1. (Of a player or referee) to place the balls (and other items, if applicable, such as skittles) properly for the beginning of a game: "In eight-ball, properly setting up requires that the rear corners of the rack not have two stripes or two solids but one of each." For most games this is in a racked pattern, but the term is applicable more broadly than "rack", e.g. in carom billiards and in games like bottle pool. Contrast layout.; 2. (Of the game equipment) arranged properly for the beginning of a game: "set up and waiting for the break", "an improper set-up"; 3. (Of a player, passively and specifically) to have good shape – to be in a favorable position for making a shot or other desired play ("is set-up on the 9", "could be set-up for the corner-pocket after this shot"); 4. (Of a player, passively, generally, and chiefly US) to be in a favorable position for, and with a layout conductive to, a long run (UK: break) or complete run-out: "a crucial miss that left his opponent really set-up"; compare (chiefly British) "in the balls"; 5. (Of a player, actively) to use position play to move one or more specific balls to specific locations with a specific goal in mind, usually pocketing (potting) a specific ball or getting an easy out, but possibly a safety, nurse or trap shot; in short, to get shape: "She set up on the 9-ball with a careful draw shot." The meaning can be inverted to indicate poor play on the part of the other player: "Oops, I just set you up for an easy win when I missed like that."; 6. (Of a table layout) comparatively easy to completely run out, e.g. because of a lack of clusters or blocking balls: "looks like a nice set-up for a quick out", "this table's totally set up for you"; 7. (Of cue ball position more specifically): having good shape – comparatively easy to use to some advantage, such as continuing a run (UK: break) or playing safe: "The cue ball's set up for an easy side pocket shot."; 8. (Of a shot or strategy) the result of position play (careful or reckless): "Playing the 6 off the 8 was a great set-up to win", "That follow shot was a terrible set-up for the 6-ball."; 9. (Of a hustler) to successfully convince a fish that one is not a very skilled player and that gambling on a game will be a good idea: "That guy totally set me up and took me for $200." Such a hustle is a setup or set-up.
sewer: A pocket; usually used in disgust when describing a scratch (e.g., "the cue ball's gone down the sewer").
shaft: The upper portion of a cue which slides on a player's bridge hand and upon which the tip of the cue is mounted at its terminus.^[5] It also applies to the main, unsegmented body of a mechanical bridge.
shape: Same as position. "She got good shape for the next shot". See also position play, leave.
shaper: A highly abrasive tip tool used to shape an unreasonably flat new cue tip, or misshapen old one, into a more usable, consistently curved profile, most commonly the curvature of a nickel or dime (or equivalently sized non-US/Canadian coin) for larger and smaller pool tips, respectively. Similar to a scuffer, but deeper and rougher.
shark: Also pool shark, poolshark (US); sharp, pool sharp (British)
1. Verb: To perform some act or make some utterance with the intent to distract, irritate or intimidate the opponent so that they do not perform well, miss a shot, etc.^[6] Most league and tournament rules forbid blatant sharking, as a form of unsportsmanlike conduct, but it is very common in bar pool.; 2. Noun: Another term for hustler.^[6]; 3. Noun: A very good player. This usage is common among non-players who often intend it as a compliment and are not aware of its derogatory senses (above).^[6]
sharp: Chiefly British: Same as shark (senses 1, 2). The term appears in lyrics from The Mikado (1884) in relation to billiards, and developed from sharper (in use by at least 1681, but now obsolete) meaning "hustler" but not specific to billiards.^[1]^:207–8 See also card sharp for more etymological details and sources.
short rack: Any game that uses a rack composed of less than 15 balls.^[5]
short rail: Either of the two shorter rails on a standard pool, billiards or snooker table. Contrast side rail/long rail.
shortstop: Also short stop, short-stop.A second-tier professional who is not (yet) ready for World Championship competition.^[2]^[79] It can also be applied by extension to a player who is one of the best in a region but not quite good enough to consistently beat serious road players and tournament pros. The term was borrowed from baseball.
shot: Verb form: to shoot.The use of the cue to perform or attempt to perform a particular motion of balls on the table, such as to pocket (pot) an object ball, to achieve a successful carom (cannon), or to play a safety.
shot for nothing: Also shot to nothing. A predominantly British term for a shot in which a player attempts a difficult pot but with safety in mind, so that in the event of missing the pot it is likely that the opponent will not make a meaningful contribution, and will probably have to reply with a safety. The meaning refers to lack of risk, i.e. at no cost to the player ("for nothing" or coming "to nothing"). Compare two-way shot.
shot program: Also (chiefly British) shot programme.The enumerated trick shots that must be performed in the fields of artistic billiards (70 pre-determined shots) and artistic pool (56 tricks in eight "disciplines").^[38]
side: Chiefly British: Short for side spin. In Canadian usage, the term is sometimes used as a verb, "to side".
side pocket: One of the two pockets one either side of a pool table halfway up the long rails. They are cut shallower than corner pockets because they have a 180 degree aperture, instead of 90 degrees. In the UK the term centre pocket or middle pocket are preferred.
side rail: Either of the two longer rails of a billiards table, bisected by a center pocket and bounded at both ends by a corner pocket. Also called a long rail.
side spin: Also sidespin, side-spin, side. Spin placed on the cue ball when hit with the cue tip to the left or right of the ball's center; usually called english in American usage. See english, in its narrower definition, for details on the effects of side spin. See illustration at spin.
sight: Chiefly British; same as diamond.
single-elimination: Main article: Single elimination tournament
Also single elimination. A tournament format in which a player is out of the tournament after a single match loss.^[5] Contrast double-elimination.
single table format: Also single table set-up.In the final stages of a tournament, primarily snooker events, where other tables are removed, to use one single table for the final, or later rounds of the tournament. Some events, such as the Snooker Shoot Out, are played throughout using a single table format.
sink: Same as pocket (sense 2).
sink-in shot: Any shot that intentionally accounts for the elasticity of the cushions to allow a ball to bank past an otherwise blocking ball. The moving ball will sink in to the cushion very near the blocking ball giving it sufficient space to get past it or kiss off the back side of it.
sitter: Chiefly British: Same as duck, and stemming from the same obvious etymology.
skid: British: Same as cling, and kick, sense 2. Noun, verb and rare adjective usage as per "cling".
skittle: An upright pin, which looks like a miniature bowling pin, cone or obelisk. Skittles, as employed in billiards games, have been so-called since at least 1634.^[1] One standardized size, for the largely Italian and South American game five-pins, is 25 mm (1 in.) tall, with 7 mm (0.28 in.) round bases,^[80] though larger variants have long existed for other games such as Danish pin billiards. Depending upon the game there may be one skittle, or several, and they may be targets to hit (often via a carom) or obstacles to avoid, usually the former. They are also sometimes called pins, though that term can be ambiguous. Because of the increasing international popularity of the Italian game five-pins), they are sometimes also known even in English by their Italian name, birilli (singular birillo). Skittles are also used as obstacles in some artistic billiards shots. Flat, thin rectangular skittles, somewhat like large dominoes, approximately 6 in. tall by 3 in. wide, and placed upright like an obelisks on the table in specific spots, are used in the obsolescent and principally Australian games devil's pool and victory billiards. Depending upon the exact game being played, there may be one pin, or several of various colours (e.g. ten white and two black in devil's pool), and they may be targets or obstacles, most commonly the latter.^[81] They are usually made of plastic, and are increasingly difficult to obtain, even from Australian billiards suppliers. A black obelisk skittle of this sort features prominently, as a particularly dire hazard, in several scenes of sci-fi/pool film Hard Knuckle (1992, Australia).^[82] Skittles as used in billiards games date to ground billiards (13th century or earlier) played with a mace, and hand-thrown games of bowls from at least the same era using the same equipment. Ball games using a recognizable form of skittle are known from as early as ca. 3300 BCE in Ancient Egypt.^[83]^:3–44
skunk: During a set if the opponent does not win a single game, they are said to have been skunked.
slate: The heavy, finely milled rock (slate) that forms the bed of the table, beneath the cloth. Major slate suppliers for the billiards industry are Italy, Brazil and China. Some cheaper tables, and novelty tables designed for outdoor use, do not use genuine slate beds, but artificial materials such as Slatrol.
slide: Also, sliding ball (when used in gerund form).Describes a cue ball sliding on the cloth without any top spin or back spin on it.^[6]
slip stroke: A stroking technique in which a player releases his gripping hand briefly and re-grasps the cue farther back on the butt just before hitting the cue ball.^[84] See Cowboy Jimmy Moore; a well known practitioner of the slip stroke.
slop: 1. Also slop shot. A luck shot. Compare fish and fluke; contrast mark (sense 3) and call.; 2. Also sloppy. Descriptive of any game where the rules have been varied to allow luck shots not normally allowed or where no foul rules apply.
slop pockets: Pocket openings that are significantly wider than are typical and thus allow shots hit with a poor degree of accuracy to be made that would not be pocketed on a table with more exacting pocket dimensions.^[69]
slow: 1. Describes a billiard table with loosely woven, dirty, too-new or worn-out cloth (baize), upon which the balls move slower and shorter distances.^[1]^:53 See table speed for more information.; 2. Producing dull, sluggish action; said of cushions or of the balls, in addition to the above, cloth-related definition.^[11]^:96; 3. Unusually rejecting of balls; said of pockets; see pocket speed (sense 1) for more information. "Fast" is the direct opposite of "slow" in all of these usages.
small: Also smalls, small ones, small balls.In eight-ball, to be shooting the solid suit (group) of balls (1 through 7); "you're the small one" or "I've got the smalls". Compare little, solids, reds, low, spots, dots, unders; contrast big.
smash and pray: A variant of hit and hope, but played with unnecessary force, in hopes that the undesirable ball layout on the table is sufficiently re-arranged by careening balls that something good will result for the shooter (even if it's simply a bad leave for the incoming player).
smash-through: The effect of shooting regulation-weight object balls with an old-fashioned over-weight bar table cue ball, such that the cue ball moves forward to occupy (sometimes only temporarily), or go beyond, the original position of the object ball, even on a draw or stop shot, because the mass of the cue ball exceeds that of the object ball. Players who understand smash-through well can use it intentionally for position play, such as to nudge other object balls nearby the target ball. Smash-through also makes it dangerous in bar pool (when equipped with such a cue ball) to pocket straight-on ducks with a stop shot instead of by cheating the pocket because of the likelihood of scratching the cue ball.^[10]
snap: Same as break, sense 1.^[6]^[9] See also on the snap.
sneaky pete: A two-piece cue constructed to resemble a house cue, with a near-invisible wood-to-wood joint.^[3]^:79 The subterfuge often enables a hustler to temporarily fool unsuspecting fish into thinking that he or she is an unskilled banger with no regard for finesse or equipment quality. Many league players also use cheap but solid sneaky petes as their break cues.
snick: A British term for a pot that requires very fine contact between cue ball and object ball. See also feather.
snooker: 1. (noun) The game of snooker.; 2. (verb) To leave the opponent (accidentally or by means of a safety) so that a certain shot on a preferred object ball cannot be played directly in a straight line by normal cueing. It most commonly means that the object ball cannot be hit, because it is hidden by another ball or, more rarely, the knuckle of a pocket (see corner-hooked). It can also refer to the potting angle or another significant point of contact on the object ball, blocking an otherwise more straightforward shot, even if an edge can be seen. A common related adjective describing a player in this situation is snookered. Also known as "to hook", for which the corresponding adjective "hooked" is also common. See also free ball.; 3. (noun) An instance of this situation (e.g. "she's put him in a difficult snooker"). A player can choose a range of shots to get out of a snooker; usually a kick shot will be implemented but semi-massés are often preferred, and in games where it is not a foul, jump shots may be employed that often yield good results for skilled players. "Snooker" is used loosely (when used at all; "hook" is favored) in the US, but has very specific definitions and subtypes (such as the total snooker) in blackball.^[7] See also safe.
snooker spectacles: Also snooker specs, snooker glasses.Same as billiards glasses.
snookers required: A phrase used in snooker to describe the scenario whereby there are not enough available points on the table to level the scores for the frame, therefore the trailing player needs his/her opponent to foul in order to be able to make up the deficit. The name comes from the fact that this would normally have to be achieved by placing the leading player in foul-prone situations such as difficult snookers.
soft break: A break shot in which the rack (pack) is disturbed as little as possible within the bounds of a legal shot, in order to force the opponent to have to break it up further. A soft break is desirable in some games, such as straight pool, in which breaking is a disadvantage; and forbidden by the open break rules of other games such as nine-ball and eight-ball.
solids: Also solid, solid ones, solid balls.The non-striped ball suit (group) of a fifteen ball set that are numbered 1 through 7 and have a solid colour scheme (i.e., not including the 8 ball). As in, "I'm solid", or "you've got the solids". Compare lows, smalls, littles, reds, spots, dots, unders; contrast stripes.
special average: Abr. = SA, term from carom billiards. The number indicates the relation between the points and innings (points ÷ innings = SA) a player has made in a single match. E. g. 40 points in 10 innings is a SA of 4.000. Higher numbers indicate better players. see also general average
speed: 1. A player's skill level (subjectively) or numerical handicap (objectively).^[6]^[62]; 2. Rapidity with which a ball, especially the cue ball is rolling on the table. See also pocket speed (sense 2), speed control.; 3. Same as pocket speed (sense 1).; 4. Same as table speed (cloth speed).
speed control: The use of the correct amount of cue ball speed in position play to achieve proper shape for a subsequent shot.^[4]^{:98, 102, 245}
speed-induced throw: Throw (object-ball deflection away from the tangent line path of the object ball), induced by ball-against-ball friction being increased by a slow-speed shot prolonging the short length of time to two balls are in contact. A faster, harder shot can be used to avoid this effect, as it reduces the contact time and also reduces the object-ball friction on the cloth so that side spin it has picked up from the impact has less wheel-like, path-curving effect. Speed-induced throw can also be countered to some extent with top spin (follow) or bottom spin (draw), which help resist the object ball's inclination to pick up side-spin that will alter its path (cut-induced throw).^[34]^[35] See throw for more details.
spider: Using a "spider" rest to raise the cue stick over an obstructing blue ball
Also spider rest. A type of rest, similar to a common American-style rake bridge but with longer legs supporting the head so that the cue is higher and can reach over and around an obstructing ball to reach the cue ball. See also swan.
spin: Basic cue tip contact points on the cue ball to impart various forms of spin; top spin is also known as follow, side spin as english, and bottom spin as back spin, draw, or screw.
Rotational motion applied to a ball, especially to the cue ball by the tip of the cue, although if the cue ball is itself rotating it will impart (opposite) spin (in a lesser amount) to a contacted object ball. Types of spin include top spin, bottom or back spin (also known as draw or screw), and left and right side spin, all with widely differing and vital effects. Collectively, they are often referred to in American English as "english", though the term is often reserved for side spin only. The popular introduction of controlled spin in billiards is credited to François Mingaud. See also massé.
spin-induced throw: Also english-induced throw: Throw (object-ball deflection away from the tangent line path of the object ball), induced by ball-against-ball friction being increased by side spin (english) cue ball that is in the same direction as the natural throw angle of the object ball, which also induced a small amount of rolling curve to the path of that object ball.^[34]^[35] (Technically, an intermediary spinning object ball can also induce some throw on the final object ball, though an intentionally spun cue ball can have more much side spin and thus a more noticeable effect.) Application of precise opposite spin (gearing outside english) can counter this effect along with that of cut-induced throw. See throw for more details.
split: 1. Also split shot and split hit. In pool, a type of shot in which two object balls are initially contacted by the cue ball simultaneously or so close to simultaneously as for the difference to be indistinguishable to the eye.^[5] In most sets of rules it is a foul if the split is one in which one of the object balls is a (or the only) legal target (ball-on) and the other is not; however, such a split is commonly considered a legal shot in informal bar pool in many areas if it is called as a split and does appear to strike the balls simultaneously).; 2. In pool, the degree to which racked balls move apart upon impact by the cue ball as a result of a break shot.; 3. In snooker, a shot sending the cue ball into the pack of red balls and separating them (after potting the ball-on). At least one split is usually necessary in each frame, since the original triangle of reds does not allow any balls to be potted reliably.
spot (noun): 1. spot, a: In pool games such as nine-ball, a specific handicap given (e.g., "what spot will you give me?").; 2. spot, a: In snooker, any of the six designated points on the table on which a colour ball is replaced after it has left the playing surface (usually after it has been potted).; 3. spot, a: An (often unmarked) point on the table, at the intersection of two strings. See foot spot, head spot, center spot for examples.; 4. spots: Alternate name for a table's diamonds (sights).^[4]^:245; 5. spot, the: Also spot ball, spotted ball, the spot. In carom billiards and English billiards, the second player's cue ball, which for the shooting player is another object ball along with the red. Contrast the white ball, the starting player's cue ball.^[19]; 6. spots: Also spot balls, spotted balls, the spots. Chiefly British. In a numbered pool ball set, the group of seven balls, other than the black, that are a solid colour with the number on the ball inside a small white spot on the otherwise solid-coloured surface. Also referred to as solids; chiefly American colloquialisms are lows, littles and smalls, while alternative British terms include dots and unders. Contrast stripes.; 7. spot, the: Short for black spot.^[12]^:9
spot (verb): 1. In pool, return an illegally pocketed object ball to the table by placement on the foot spot or as near to it as possible without moving other balls (in ways that may differ from ruleset to ruleset).^[5]; 2. In snooker, to return a colour ball to its designated spot on the table. Also called re-spot.; 3. In nine-ball, the giving of a handicap to the opponent where they can also win by making a ball or balls other than the 9 ball (e.g. "she spotted me the seven ball").; 4. In eight-ball, one-pocket and straight pool, the giving of a handicap to the opponent where they have to make fewer balls than their opponent does.; 5. In some variants of pool, to place the cue ball on the head spot or as near to it as possible inside the kitchen/baulk, after the opponent has scratched.
spot shot: The situation arising in many pool games where a ball is spotted to the table's foot spot or some other specific location and the cue ball must be shot from the kitchen or the "D". There are diamond system aiming techniques for pocketing such shots without scratching the cue ball into a pocket.^[11]^:238
spot stroke: Also spot-stroke, spot hazard. A form of nurse shot in English billiards, in which the red ball—which must be spotted to a specific location after each time it is potted, prior to the next shot being taken—is potted in such a way as to leave the cue ball in position to repeat the same shot, permitting a skilled player to rack up many points in a single break of shots in one visit.^[11]^:238
squeeze shot: Any shot in which the cue ball or an object ball has to squeeze by (just miss with almost no margin for error) another ball or balls in order to reach its intended target.^[4]^:245^{[clarification needed]}
squirt: Same as cue-ball deflection.^[6] Squirt has also been applied metaphorically in sports journalism and the gaming press to describe the escape of a ball or puck from player control.^[85]^[86] However, it remains primarily a cue-sports technical term, and does not appear to be frequently used as jargon in football, hockey, or other sports.
stake: 1. (noun) A player's wager in a money game. Contrast pot, definition 3.; 2. (verb) To provide part or all of a player's stake for a gambling session in which one is not a player,^[1] i.e. to be a stakehorse for the player. Same as back.
stakehorse: One who stakes (monetarily backs) a gambling player; a.k.a. backer.^[1] "Stakehorse" can also be used as a verb.^[9]
stall: 1. To intentionally hide one's "speed" (skill); "he's on the stall."^[87]; 2. To intentionally play slowly so as to irritate one's opponent. This form of sharking has been eliminated from many tournaments with a shot clock, and from many leagues with time-limit rules.
stance: A shooter's body position and posture during a shot.^[4]^:246^[5] See also cue action.
stay shot: In the UK, a long-distance shot played to pot a ball close to a pocket with heavy top spin, so that when the cue ball hits the cushion it bounces off but then stops due to the counteraction of the spin. It is not common in competitive play, being more of an exhibition shot.
steering: The lamentable practice of not following through with the cue straight, but veering off in the direction of the shot's travel or the side english is applied, away from the proper aiming line; a common source of missed shots.
stick: Same as cue.
stop shot: Any shot where the cue ball stops immediately after hitting an object ball.^[5] Generally requires a full hit.^[4]^{:137, 246}
straight eight: Also straight eight-ball.Same as bar pool. Not to be confused with the games of straight pool or straight rail.
straight up: To play even; without a handicap. Also called heads up.
strike rate: In snooker, the average number of frames per century for a given player.
string: 1. A (usually unmarked) line running across the table between one diamond and its corresponding diamond on the opposite rail. See also head string, foot string, long string for examples.; 2. Same as scoring string, a.k.a. wire sense 2. Can be used as a verb, as in "string that point for me, will you?"; 3. A successive series of wins, e.g. of games or frames in a match or race.; 4. Chiefly British; same as lag.; 5. A metaphor for precise control, as in Having the cue ball on a string.
string-off: Also string off. Obsolete:Same as string, sense 4, and lag.^[19]
stripes: Also striped ones, striped balls.The ball suit (group) of a fifteen ball set that are numbered 9 through 15 and have a wide coloured bar around the middle. Compare bigs, highs, yellows, overs; contrast solids.
stroke: 1. The motion of the cue stick and the player's arm on a shot;^[4]^:246; 2. The strength, fluidity and finesse of a player's shooting technique; "she has a good stroke."; 3. See In stroke: A combination of finesse, good judgement, accuracy and confidence.
stroke, catch a: To suddenly be in stroke after poor prior play; "she caught a stroke."
stroke, to be in: See In stroke.
stun run-through: A shot played with stun, but not quite enough to completely stop the cue ball, allowing for a little follow. It is played so that a follow shot can be controlled more reliably, with a firmer strike than for a slow roll. It is widely considered^{[weasel words]} as one of the most difficult shots in the game to master, but an excellent weapon in a player's armory once it has been.
stun shot: A shot where the cue ball has no top spin or back spin on it when it impacts an object ball, and "stuns" out along the tangent line. Commonly shortened to just "stun."
sucker shot: A shot that only a novice or fool would take. Usually because it is a guaranteed scratch or other foul, or because it has a low percentage of being pocketed and is likely to leave the opponent in good position.
suit: A (principally American) term in eight-ball for either of the set of seven balls (stripes or solids) that must be cleared before sinking the 8 ball. Borrowed from card games. Generally used in the generic, especially in rulesets or articles, rather than colloquially by players. See also group for the British equivalent.
surgeon: A player skilled at very thin cut shots, and shots in which a ball must pass cleanly through a very narrow space (such as the cue ball between two of the opponent's object balls with barely enough room) to avoid a foul and/or to pocket a ball.^[88] Such shots may be referred to as "surgery", "surgical shots", "surgical cuts", etc. (chiefly US, colloquial). See also feather (US) or snick (UK).
swan: Using a "swan" rest to raise the cue stick over obstructing balls
Also swan rest. A type of rest, similar to a spider in that the head is raised by longer supporting legs, but instead of a selection of grooves on the top for the cue to rest in there is only one, on the end of an overhanging neck, so that a player can get to the cue ball more easily if the path is blocked by two or more obstructing balls. Also known as the goose neck^[7]
sweaters: Those who are stakehorsing a match or have side bets on it and are "sweating the action",^[51] i.e. nervous about its outcome.
swerve: An unintentional and often barely perceptible curve imparted to the path of the cue ball from the use of english without a level cue. Not to be confused with a swerve shot.
swerve shot: Same as semi-massé. Compare curve shot.

T[edit]

table cloth

Same as cloth.

table roll

A flaw in the table, such as lack of leveling, loose cloth at the fall of a pocket, a divot in the bed, etc., that causes a ball, especially a slow-moving one, to not roll or settle as expected.

table scratch

1. Failure to hit any legal object ball at all with the cue ball. In most sets of rules, this is a foul like any other. However, in some variants of bar pool a table scratch while shooting for the 8 ball is a loss of game where other more minor fouls might not be, as is scratching on the 8 ball (neither result in a loss of game in professional and most amateur league rules).

2. By way of drift from the above definition, the term is also applied by many league players to the foul in more standardized rules of failing to drive a (any) ball to a cushion, or to pocket a legal object ball, after the cue ball's initial contact with an object ball.

3. Uncommonly, and by way of entirely different derivation ("scratch off the table"), it can also mean knocking the cue ball (or more loosely, any ball) completely off the table.

table speed

Subjective assessment of the rapidity with which balls move on the billiard table's cloth (baize). Balls roll faster and farther on "fast" tables with tightly-woven, broken-in, clean cloth as they experience less friction than with "slow" cloth that is dirty or is fuzzy because of a loose weave and cheap material or because it is wearing out. The terms may be used comparatively, as in "this is a really fast table", or "I don't like cloth this slow". Fast cloth can make draw (screw) shots somewhat less effective, as there is less purchase for the cue ball's back spin. On the other hand, slide and stop shots are easier on fast cloth because it is so comparatively smooth.^[1]^:53 Sometimes called cloth speed.

talc

Also hand talc.White talcum powder placed on a player's bridge hand to reduce moisture so that a cue's shaft can slide more easily. Many establishments do not provide it as too many recreational players will use far more than is necessary and transfer it all over the table's surface, the floor, furniture, etc. Venues that do provide it usually do so in the form of compressed cones about 6–inches tall. Some serious players bring their own, in a bottle or a porous bag that can be patted on the bridge hand. Many players prefer a pool glove. Talc is frequently mistakenly referred to as "hand chalk", despite not being made of chalk.

tangent line

The imaginary line drawn perpendicular to the impact line between the cue ball and an object ball. The cue ball will travel along this line after impact with an object ball if it has no vertical spin on it (is sliding) at the moment of impact on a non-center-to-center collision. See also stun shot and ghost ball.

tank

To purposefully lose games in order to gain a better draft selection or to be more competitive in the future. This is usually performed when a team is out of or unlikely to take part in a league's postseason.

taper

The profile of the shaft of the cue as it increases in diameter from the tip to the joint. A "fast" or "slow" taper refers to how quickly the diameter increases. A "pro" taper describes a shaft that tapers rapidly from the joint size to the tip size so as to provide a long, untapered stroking area.

tapper

A tip tool with fine, sharp points used to roughen the cue tip to better hold chalk after it has become hardened and smooth from repeated impacts with the cue ball. Tappers are firmly tapped on or pressed against the tip. Scuffers serve the same purpose, but are used differently.

template

1. See pocket template.

2. See racking template.

3. See training template.

tempy

The ability to snooker someone without actually being a snooker

thin

See overcut.

three-foul rule

The three-foul rule describes a situation in which a player is assessed a defined penalty after committing a third successive foul. The exact penalty, its prerequisites and whether it is in place at all, vary depending on the games. In nine-ball and straight pool, a player must be the told he is on two fouls in order to transgress the rule, and if violated, results in a loss of game for the former and a special point penalty of a loss of fifteen points (plus one for the foul itself) in the latter together with the ability to require the violator to rerack and rebreak. In WEPF eight ball, it is a loss of game if a player commits a third foul while shooting at the black. In snooker, three successive fouls from a non-snookered position result in forfeiting the frame. Repeat fouls from a snookered position are quite common – Dave Harold holds the record in a competitive match, missing the same shot 14 successive times.

throw

The normal phenomenon, present to some degree on all cut shots, whereby the object ball is pushed in a direction slight off the pure "ghost ball" contact angle between the two balls. Throw is caused by the friction imparted from the first, moving ball sliding or rotating against the second, stationary ball.^[5] Same as object-ball deflection. While throw is most easily observed between the cue ball and an object ball, it also happens between two or more object balls, which is one of the factors that makes combination shots challenging.

The amount of this deflection of an object ball from its expected path is increased by several things, including by dirty or pitted balls that briefly grip each other more, by a thick cut-shot angle that provides for extended friction between the balls (cut-induced throw), by slow ball-contact speed (speed-induced throw) for the same reason, by stun shots for the same reason, and by the object ball being impacted by a ball that is rapidly side-spinning (spin- or english-induced throw), which causes the object ball to roll in a curve more toward that throw direction. Throw is reduced by higher-speed impact, by draw or follow (bottom or top spin), and by side-spin counter to the direction of the natural throw. Skilled players thus often shoot cut shots with a small amount of outside english – gearing outside english – to neutralize the cut-induced throw that widens the shot away from the tangent line, though other techniques may be required instead or in combination with that, depending on the desired cue-ball position at the end of the shot.^[34]^[35]

tickie

A shot in which the cue ball is driven first to one or more rails, then hits an object ball and kisses back to the last rail contacted. It is a common shot in carom games, but can be applied to such an instance in any relevant cue sport. In pool, it is most often used as a form of short-distance clearance shot.

tied up

Describing a ball that is safe because it is in close proximity to one or more other balls, and would need to be developed before it becomes pottable.

tight

1. Describing a situation where a pot is made more difficult, either by a pocket being partially blocked by another ball so that not all of it is available, or the cue ball path to the object ball's potting angle involves going past another ball very closely.

2. Describing pockets that are themselves narrower than average, making for a more challenging table.

3. Chiefly British: A resting ball that is in actual contact with a cushion is said to be "tight" to that cushion. The chiefly American term "frozen" means the same thing, except that it can also apply to a ball in contact with one or more other balls rather than with a cushion.

time shot

Any shot in which the cue ball moves another ball to a different position and then rebounds off one or more rails to contact the object ball again (normally in an attempt to pocket it or score a billiard).^[5]

timing

The ease with which a player generates cue power, due to well-timed acceleration of the cue at the appropriate point in a shot.

tip

Same as cue tip.

tip clamp

A small clamping tip tool used to firmly hold and apply pressure to a replacement cue tip until the glue holding the tip to the ferrule has fully dried.

tip tool

Also tiptool, tip-tool.Any of a class of maintenance tools for cue tips, including shapers, scuffers, mushroom trimmers, tappers, burnishers and tip clamps. Road, league and tournament players often carry an array of tip tools in their cases. The term is not applied to cue chalk.

titty

Also tittie; plural titties.Same as knuckle. By analogy to the human breast.

titty-hooked

Also tittie-hooked.Same as corner-hooked.

ton

In snooker, same as century.

top

1. Chiefly British: The half of the table in which the object balls are racked (in games that use racked balls). This usage is conceptually opposite that in North America, where this end of the table is called the foot. In snooker, this is where the reds are racked, nearest the black spot; this is the area in which most of the game is usually played. Contrast bottom.

2. Chiefly American: Exactly the opposite of the British usage above – the head end of the table. No longer in common usage.

3. Short for top spin, i.e. same as follow.

top cushion

Chiefly British: The cushion on the top rail. Compare foot cushion (U.S.); contrast bottom cushion.

top-of-the-table play

This technique involves all three balls being grouped in close proximity at the top end of the table and scoring with a succession of short-range pots and cannons. A typical starting point is with the red placed on its spot, object white on or near the centreline somewhere between the spot and the top cushion, and the cueball posed nearby to pot the red or make a gentle cannon. If the pot, then it should be played so as to leave the cueball in a good position for the next shot. If the cannon, then the purpose is to disturb the object white as little as possible and finish clear to pot the red that has been left near the corner pocket. Then in potting the red the cueball must again be left in a good position for the next shot, and so on. This form of play makes it possible to compile really big breaks in relatively short time.

top rail

Chiefly British: The rail at the Top of the table. Compare foot rail (U.S.); contrast Bottom rail.

top spin

Also topspin, top-spin, top.

Same as follow. Contrast bottom spin, back spin. See illustration at spin.

total clearance

A term used in snooker for the potting of all the balls that are racked at the beginning of the frame in a single break (run). The minimum total clearance affords 72 points (barring multiple reds being potted on a single stroke), in the pattern of red then yellow repeatedly until all reds are potted, then all of the colour balls. The maximum break is 147 (barring a foul by the opponent immediately before the break began).

total snooker

In blackball,^[7] a situation where the player cannot see any of the balls she/he wants to hit due to obstruction by other balls or the knuckle of a pocket. The player must call "total snooker" to the referee, which allows a dispensation to the player from having to hit a cushion after contacting the object ball, which is otherwise a foul.

touching ball

Touching ball with red ball

In snooker, the situation in which the cue ball is resting in contact with an object ball. If the object ball is a ball that may legally be hit, then it is allowable to simply hit away from it and it counts as having hit it in the shot. If that ball moves, then a push shot must have occurred, in which case it is a foul. This rule is sometimes applied to British pool as well as snooker. In American-style pool, and in carom billiards, a less stringent definition of a push shot applies; see frozen.

tournament card

Jargon for a tournament chart, showing which players are playing against whom and what the results are. Often shortened to card.

treble

Same as triple.

treble century

Same as triple century.

training template

Training template

A thin sheet of rigid material in the size and shape of a physical ball rack (e.g. a diamond for nine-ball), with holes drilled though it, which is used to make permanent divots in the cloth of the table, one at a time for each ball in the racking pattern, by placing the template on the table, and then a ball in one of the holes in the template by tapping it sharply from above to create the cloth indentation. The holes are spaced slightly closer than the regulation ball width of 2¹⁄₂ inch (57.15 mm) apart, so that when the balls settle partially into their divots, the outer sides of these indentations create ball-on-ball pressure, pushing the balls together tightly. The purpose of the template is to do away with using a physical rack, with racking instead being performed simply by placing the balls into position, and the divots aligning them into the tightest possible formation automatically. This prevents accidental loose racks, and also thwarts the possibility of cheating by manipulating the ball positions while racking. The European Pocket Billiard Federation (EPBF, Europe's WPA affiliate organization) has adopted this racking technique for its professional Euro-Tour event series.^[89] See also racking template, pocket template.

triangle

Racking up a game of cribbage pool using the triangle rack, with the 15 ball in the middle, no two corner balls adding up to 15, and the apex ball on the foot spot.

1. A rack in the form of an equilateral triangle. There are different sizes of triangles for racking different games (which use different ball sizes and numbers of balls),^[5] including the fifteen ball racks for snooker and various pool games such as eight-ball and blackball. A larger triangle is used for the twenty-one ball rack for baseball pocket billiards).^[5] The smallest triangle rack is employed in three-ball (see illustration at that article) but is not strictly necessary, as the front of a larger rack can be used, or the balls can be arranged by hand. 2. The object balls in triangular formation, before the break shot, after being racked as above (i.e., same as rack, definition 2). Principally British. (See also pyramid.)

trick shot

An exhibition shot designed to impress either by a player's skill or knowledge of how to set the balls up and take advantage of the angles of the table; usually a combination of both. A trick shot may involve items otherwise never seen during the course of a game, such as bottles, baskets, etc., and even members of the audience being placed on or around the table.

triple

Also treble.A British term for a type of bank shot in which the object ball is potted off two cushions, especially by sending it twice across the table and into a side pocket. Also called a two-cushion double.

triple century

Also treble century, triple-century break, treble-century break.

See double century.

turn

Same as visit.

two-cushion double

Same as triple.

two-pot-rule

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (April 2013)

two-shot carry

A rule in blackball^[7] whereby after an opponent has faulted and thus yielded two shots, if the incoming shooter pots a ball on the first shot, (s)he is still allowed to miss in a later shot and take a second shot in-hand (from the "D" or from baulk, or if the opponent potted the cue ball, from anywhere)—even on the black, in most variants. Also called the "two visits" rule; i.e., the two penalty shots are considered independent visits to the table, and the limiting variants discussed at two shots below cannot logically apply.

two shots

In blackball,^[7] a penalty conceded by a player after a fault. The incoming opponent is then allowed to miss twice before the faulting player is allowed another visit. Many local rules state the in-hand from the D (see D, the) or baulk (or if the opponent potted the cue ball, from anywhere) nature of the second shot is lost if a ball is potted on the first shot, that it is lost if the ball potted in the first shot was that player's last coloured ball (object ball in their group), and/or that there is only ever one shot on the black after a fault. See two-shot carry for more detail on a sub-rule that may apply (and eliminate the variations discussed here).

two visits

See two-shot carry.

two-way shot

1. A shot in which if the target is missed, the opponent is safe or will not have a desirable shot;

2. A shot in which there are two ways to score;

3. A shot in which a second ball is targeted to be pocketed, broken out of a cluster, repositioned or some other secondary goal is also intended.

U[edit]

umbrella shot: A three cushion billiards shot in which the cue ball first strikes two cushions before hitting the first object ball then hits a third cushion before hitting the second object ball. So called because the shot opens up like an umbrella after hitting the third rail. Umbrella shots may be classified as inside or outside depending on which side of the first object ball the cue ball contacts.
umpire: Chiefly American, and largely obsolete: Same as referee.^[19] Derives from the usage in baseball.
undercut: Also under-cut.
1 To hit the object ball with not enough of a cut angle; hitting the object ball too full or "fat". It is a well-known maxim that overcutting is preferable to undercutting because of the principle of the "professional side of the pocket". May be used as a noun: "That was a bad undercut."; 2. On snooker and English billiards tables, to trim back (usually by filing and sanding, not actually cutting) the underside of the protruding knuckle of the cushion, a.k.a. the nose of the cushion, from where the cushion starts to curve into the pocket until it ends inside the pocket jaws.^[46]^:8 The result is a cushion face at the knuckle that angles inward toward where the base of the rail meets the bed of the table, instead of one that is perpendicular to the bed.^[46]^:8 At this point it is thus more like a triangular pool cushion profile, with its "backboard" effect, than a sideways-L-shaped snooker cushion profile. Undercut knuckles make for an easier pocket to pot balls in from an angle – a "faster pocket speed" – because they raise the contact point between cushion and ball to above the centre of the ball,^[46]^:8 reducing the tendency of the ball to be rebounded away. Also used as a noun: "The amount of the undercut has a major effect on pocket playability."
unders: Same as solids, in New Zealand.^[64] Compare little, small, reds, low, spots, dots; contrast overs.
unintentional english: Inadvertent english placed on the cue ball by a failure to hit it dead center on its horizontal axis. It is both a common source of missed shots and commonly overlooked when attempts are made to determine the reason for a miss.^[4]^:89 In UK parlance this is usually called 'unwanted side'.
up-table: Toward the head of the table.

V[edit]

velcro: A British term describing when a ball is tight on the cushion and a player sends the cue ball to hit both the object ball and the rail at nearly the same time; the object ball, ideally, stays tight to the rail and is thus "velcroed" to the rail. Inside english is often employed to achieve this effect, hitting slightly before the ball. The movement of a ball just next to the rail (but not the shot described to achieve this movement) is called hugging the rail in both the UK and the US.
visit: One of the alternating turns players (or doubles teams) are allowed at the table, before a shot is played that concedes a visit to his/her opponent (e.g. "he ran out in one visit"). Usually synonymous with inning as applied to a single player/team, except in scotch doubles format.

W[edit]

wall rack: 1. A one-piece or two-piece item of wall-mounted furniture designed to store cue sticks and sometimes other accessories such as the mechanical bridge (rest), balls, chalk, etc., when not in use. May consist of two small pieces of wood, or be an elaborately decorative large work of carpentry. Contrast Cue stand.; 2. Same as scoring rack.
warrior: An object ball positioned near a pocket so that another object ball shot at that pocket will likely go in off the warrior, even if aimed so imperfectly that if the warrior had been absent, the shot likely would have missed. Usually arises when a ball is being banked to the pocket.
way: 1. Term for object balls in the game of Chicago that are each assigned as having a set money value; typically the 5, 8, 10, 13 and 15.^{[clarification needed]}; 2. In games where multiple balls must be pocketed in succession to score a specific number of points, such as cribbage pool or thirty-one pool, when the last ball necessary to score has been potted, the points total given is referred to as a "way".^{[citation needed]} This is a usage borrowed from card games.
weight: To "give someone weight" is to give them a handicap to compensate for notable differences in skill level. Compare spot (noun), sense 1.
white ball: Also the white.
1. Alternate name for the cue ball.; 2. In carom billiards games and English billiards, a more specific term for the starting opponent's cue ball, which for the shooting player is another object ball along with the red. Contrast spot ball, the other player's cue ball.^[19]
whitewash: Principally British: In snooker, if a player wins all of the required frames in a match without conceding a frame to their opponent, for example, if a player wins a best-of-nine-frames match with a score of 5–0, this is referred to as a "whitewash". The term is based on a similar term used in the card game of "Patience" in the UK. However, it is not used in the context of a 1–0 winning scoreline in a match consisting of a single frame.
whitey: Alternate name for the cue ball.^[13]
wild: When a ball is given as a handicap it often must be called (generally tacit). A wild handicap means the ball can be made in any manner specifically without being called.
wing ball: Either of the balls on the lateral extremities of a racked set of balls in position for a break shot; the two balls at the outside of a 15-ball rack in the back row, or the balls to the left and right of the 9 ball in nine-ball's diamond rack-shaped opening set up position.^[6]^:121 In nine-ball it is seen as a reliable sign of a good break (which is normally taken from close to either cushion in the kitchen) if the opposite wing ball is pocketed. See also break box.
wing shot: Shooting at an object ball that is already in motion ("on the wing") at the moment of shooting and cue ball impact; it is a foul in most games, and usually only seen in trick shots and in speed pool.
winning hazard: Also winner, largely obsolete. A shot in which the cue ball is used to pot another ball.^[5]^[11]^:275 In snooker and most pool games doing this is known as potting, pocketing or sinking the targeted ball. The term derives from this hazard winning the player points, while losing hazards cost the player points, in early forms of billiards. Whether the ball is an object ball or an opponent's cue ball depends upon the type of game (some have two cue balls). The move will score points in most (but not all) games in which hazards (as such) apply, such as English billiards (in which a "red winner" is the potting of the red ball and a "white winner" the potting of the opponent's cue ball, each worth a different number of points).^[11]^:275 Contrast losing hazard.
wipe its feet: British term referring to the base or metaphorical "feet" of a ball that rattles in the jaws of a pocket before eventually dropping. Usually said of an object ball for which the intention was to pot it.^[6]^:121
wire, the: 1. Also scoring wire, score wire.Actual wire or string with multiple beads strung (like an abacus) used for keeping score. Beads may be numbered or, more commonly, are in series of nine small beads representing 1s punctuated by larger beads representing 10s. Scoring strings are usually strung over the table, above the lights, but may be mounted on the wall. Points "on the wire" are a type of handicap used, where a weaker player will be given a certain number of points before the start of the game.^[47]^{:281, 292}; 2. The grapevine in the pool world, carrying news of what action is taking place where in the country.^{[citation needed]}
wired: And wired combination/combo, wired kiss, etc.Same as dead (and variants listed there).
wood: A slang term for a cue, usually used with "piece", as in "that's a nice piece of wood". Contrast firewood.
wrap: Also wrapping, grip.A covering of leather, nylon string, Irish linen or other material around the area of the butt of a cue where the cue is normally gripped.^[4]^:246

Y[edit]

yellow ball: Also yellow(s), the yellow(s).
1. In snooker, the lowest-value colour ball, being worth two points.^[11]^:278 It is one of the baulk colours. In some (especially American) snooker ball sets, it is numbered "2" on its surface. It is placed on the yellow spot.^[11]^:278^[12]^:10; 2. In blackball, one of two groups of seven object balls that must be potted before the eight ball; compare stripes; contrast red ball.^[7]
yellow spot: The spot (usually not specially marked because it is obvious) on a snooker table at which the yellow ball is placed. Regardless of table size, it is the intersection of the "D" and the balk line on the breaker's right side.^[11]^:278^[12]^:10 The left-to-right order of the green, brown and yellow balls is the subject of the mnemonic phrase "God bless you".^[11]^:115
yellow pocket: In snooker, the corner pocket that is closest to the yellow spot.

Z[edit]

zone: Also in the zone.Describes an extended period of functioning in dead stroke ("she's in the zone").^[6]^:121 Sometimes capitalized for humorous effect.

References[edit]

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^ a b "Crack Billiards Players in Tournament". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, New York: 4. February 22, 1895. Archived from the original on June 12, 2011. Retrieved August 19, 2008.
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^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Knuchell, Edward D. (1970). Pocket Billiards with Cue Tips. Cranbury, New Jersey: A. S. Barnes and Co. ISBN 0-498-07392-0.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di BCA Rules Committee (November 1992). Billiards: The Official Rules and Record Book. Iowa City: Billiard Congress of America. ISBN 1-878493-02-7.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Brandt, Dale (2006). A Pool Player's Journey. New York: Vantage Press. pp. 86, 91–116. ISBN 978-0-533-15176-9.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p World Eight-ball Pool Federation Eight-ball Rules, 2004, Perth, WA, Australia – These are also the rules of the English Pool Association and other national WEPF affiliates.
^ a b "The Smart Table Coin-op". DiamondBilliards.com. Diamond Billiard Products.
^ a b c d e The Color of Money (film), Richard Price (screenplay, based on the novel by Walter Tevis), Martin Scorsese (director), 1986; uses a lot of pool terminology in-context.
^ a b c Givens, R. [Randi] (2004). The Eight Ball Bible: A Guide to Bar Table Play (illustrated ed.). Eight Ball Press. ISBN 0-9747273-7-7.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao Shamos, Mike (1999). The New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Billiards. New York: Lyons Press. ISBN 1-55821-797-5.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Official Rules of the Games of Snooker and English Billiards (PDF). Bristol, England, UK: World Professional Billiards & Snooker Association. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-13. Retrieved 2011-12-24.
^ a b c d e SportsNet New York broadcast of 2006 US Open Nine-ball Championship (aired December 7, 2007). Rodolfo Luat vs. Rob Saez. In-context commentary by pool pro Jerry Forsyth.
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^ "bouclée". Collins English Dictionary (5th [online] ed.). New York: HarperCollins (News Corp.). 2012 [2000].
^ a b Jewett, Bob (February 2008). "Killing Me Softly?: The Outbreak of the Soft Break Threatens the Game of 9-ball". Billiards Digest. 30 (3). Chicago: Luby Publishing. pp. 34–35. ISSN 0164-761X.CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^ Panozzo, Mike (February 2008). "Long Live the Cup!". Billiards Digest. 30 (3). Chicago: Luby Publishing. pp. 34–35. ISSN 0164-761X.CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^ Simpson, Brad (1996). Rubino, Paul; Stein, Victor (eds.). Blue Book of Pool Cues (1st ed.). Blue Book Publications. p. 103. ISBN 1-886768-02-1.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Saw Good Billiards: Union Leaguers Entertained by Four Star Cue-wielders". Brooklyn Daily Eagle: 8. December 20, 1893. Archived from the original on June 12, 2011. Retrieved August 19, 2008.Usage clearly demonstrated in context. NB: Each section of the newspaper page scans on this site can be clicked for a readable closeup.
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^ Lexico Publishing Group, LLC (2006). Carom – Dictionary.com. Retrieved January 31, 2007.
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^ U.S. Patent 0,578,514, March 9, 1897
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^ Green, Jonathon (1987). Dictionary of Jargon. London: Routledge. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-7100-9919-8. Retrieved February 26, 2009. Chinese snooker n
^ Loy, Jim (2000). "The Chuck Nurse". Jim Loy's Billiards/Pool Page. Archived from the original on January 28, 2007. Retrieved February 24, 2007.
^ a b Alciatore, David G. (2020). "Pool Ball 'Cling,' 'Skid,' or 'Kick'". Billiards and Pool Principles, Techniques, Resources. Fort Collins: Colorado State University. Retrieved March 7, 2021 – via Billiards.ColoState.edu. See also the attached media in this source (mostly served via YouTube). Deeper in the site are also technical proofs which may be of interest to readers with a physics and engineering background.
^ BBC Sport video investigating the cause of cling (a.k.a. kicks or skid); retrieved 4 May 2007
^ a b c Kilby, Ronald (May 23, 2009). "So What's a Carom Cue?". CaromCues.com. Medford, OR: Kilby Cues. Archived from the original on June 24, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2009.
^ a b Fels, George (2000). Pool Simplified, Somewhat. Mineola, New York: Courier Dover Publications. pp. 9, 88–89. ISBN 0-486-41368-3.
^ MSG+ re-broadcast of the 2011 Mosconi Cup 9-Ball Championship, final (aired August 12, 2012, 1:00 p.m.). Shane Van Boening and Johnny Archer vs. Nick van den Berg and Niels Feijen. In-context commentary at 18 min. in by pro and pool and billiards writer Jerry Forsyth: "He left the rock in a perfect line."
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^ Mathavan, S.; Jackson, M. R.; Parkin, R. M. (September 2009). "Application of high-speed imaging to determine the dynamics of billiards" (PDF). American Journal of Physics. American Association of Physics Teachers. 77 (9): 792. Bibcode:2009AmJPh..77..788M. doi:10.1119/1.3157159. Retrieved June 24, 2016.
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^ a b c "APTSA Rules". TrickShotProductions.com. Watertown, Massachusetts: Artistic Pool & Trick Shot Association. 2008. Retrieved August 27, 2008.
^ a b SportsNet New York broadcast of 2006 US Open Nine-ball Championship (aired November 29, 2007). John Schmidt vs. Tyler Eddy. In-context commentary by pool pro Danny DiLiberto. "[John] Schmidt unbelievably dogs a straight in eight ball."
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^ Scott Wills speaking as the character Wayne; Kirk Torrance as character Holden; Hamish Rothwell, director (2001). Stickmen (DVD). New Zealand: Monarch. Event occurs at 1:08:58, beginning of Wayne's run-out off the break; 1:10:54, conclusion of perfect run-out without opponent, Caller, ever getting a chance to shoot or Wayne accidentally pocketing any of Caller's balls; 1:11:10, Wayne calls his defeat of Caller "a down-trou"; 1:12:20, Holden demands a down-trou after a Wayne/Caller fight over the matter is broken up, using the noun "down-trou" to refer to the act of dropping one's pants.
^ World Championship: What makes the perfect snooker player? BBC Sport, 19 April 2018.
^ Lassiter, Luther; Sullivan, George (1965). Billiards for Everyone. New York: Grosset & Dunlap. p. 35.
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^ ESPN2 broadcast of 2007 International Challenge of Champions, first semi-final (September 12, 2007). Thorsten Hohmann v. Niels Feijen. In-context commentary on rack 7 of second set by pool pro Allen Hopkins. "He's hitting everything like he's got the cue ball on a string."
^ a b ESPN Classic broadcast of 1995 Gordon's 9-Ball Championship (August 14, 2007), second semi-final. (Loree Jon Jones vs. Gerda Hofstatter). Direct definition of "on the hill" for viewers and two in-context uses of "hill-hill" in commentary by pool pro Vicki Paski.
^ a b c d e SportsNet New York broadcast of 2006 US Open Nine-ball Championship (aired October 19, 2007). Marcus Chamat vs. Ronato Alcano. In-context commentary by pool pros Danny DiLiberto and Jerry Forsyth.
^ ESPN Classic broadcast of 2002 BCA Open 9-ball Championship, final (May 16, 2002). Charlie Williams v. Tony Robles. In-context commentary on rack 8 by pool pro Mike Sigel. Rebroadcast and viewed March 27, 2009.
^ ESPN2 broadcast of 2007 World Summit of Pool, final (September 17, 2007). Alex Pagulayan v. Shane Van Boening. In-context commentary on rack 11 by pool pro Charlie Williams. [Following a safety] "He put Shane in jail here; this is a tough shot."
^ ESPN broadcast of 2008 BCA GenerationPool.com Women' 9-Ball Championship, final (aired July 19, 2008). Ga-Young Kim vs. Xiaoting Pan. In-context commentary on rack 10 by pool pro Ewa Mataya Laurance: "The field has gotten so much stronger; there are no easy matches anymore—you know—your first match you have to play jam up."
^ "Crucial 'Kick' – Snooker Player's Worst Nightmare" (MP4/HTML5 video). Snooker Planet. October 11, 2019 – via YouTube. Excerpts from professional snooker matches with detailed kick-related observations by professional commentators, with slow-motion replays.
^ Everton, Clive (1986). The History of Snooker and Billiards. Haywards Heath, England: Partridge Press. pp. 8–11. ISBN 1-85225-013-5. Revised version of The Story of Billiards and Snooker, 1979
^ Lexico Publishing Group, LLC (2006). Mark – Dictionary.com. Retrieved February 19, 2007.
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^ a b Shaw, Thomas C. (May 1998). "The Legendary Weenie Beenie". Pool & Billiard Magazine. 16 (5): 59. ISSN 1049-2852. It was almost as if during his years of learning that he'd been laying down the lemon. They expected the speed of the old Beenie. 'But I had improved.'
^ Mizerak, Steve; Mataya Laurance, Ewa; Forsyth, Jerry (2003). Quick-Start Guide to Pocket Billiards. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 87. ISBN 0-07-141520-3.
^ a b Robbie Magasiva speaking as the character Jack; Hamish Rothwell, director (2001). Stickmen (DVD). New Zealand: Monarch. Event occurs at 1:09:27.
^ "Rules of the Game of Snooker" (PDF). Surrey, BC, Canada: British Columbia Cue Sports Society. 1995. Retrieved December 25, 2011. There are four templates, two for the centre pockets and two for the end pockets. Each template is marked with authorization marks and date stamped. For tournament play the pockets need to be set to current standards.
^ Owen, John (18 October 2020). "Teaser 3030: Pot Success". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
^ ESPN broadcast of 2007 WPBA Great Lakes Classic, second semi-final. Helena Thornfeldt vs. Ga-Young Kim. In-context commentary on rack 10 by pool pro Dawn Hopkins.
^ a b FSN New York broadcast of 2006 Mosconi Cup (August 21, 2007). Team USA members (Johnny Archer and Corey Deuel) vs. Team Europe members (Thomas Engert and David Alcaide). In-context commentary on rack 7 by pool pros Jim Wych and Jerry Forsyth: "You try and overcut it a little bit if you miss it...if you hit it thick you'll sell out...this is called missing it on the pro side."
^ a b ESPN broadcast of 2007 Cuetec Cues 9-Ball Championship (aired on December 23, 2007), second semifinal: (Ga-Young Kim vs. Kelly Fisher). In context commentary by pool pro Ewa Mataya Laurance.
^ a b "Russian Game Popular: New Billiard Version Is Gaining Favor Among Manhattan Cuemen". The New York Times. September 1, 1916. p. 11.
^ a b c d e "Magic Ball Rack". MagicBallRack.com. Magic Ball Rack. 2010. pp. "FAQ", "Products", "Endorsed Pro" and other pages. Retrieved September 26, 2010.
^ a b troyroy78 (September 8, 2009). "Magic Ball Rack Introduction (Perfect Rack Everytime)". Avondale, Arizona: AZBilliards, Inc. pp. "Forums" section. Retrieved September 26, 2010.
^ "Van Boening Wins 10-Ball Ring Game". AZBilliards.com. op. cit. January 5, 2008. pp. "Independent Event" section. Archived from the original on January 7, 2008. Retrieved May 24, 2008.
^ MSG Plus broadcast of day 3 of the 2008 Mosconi Cup. Mika Immonen vs. Rodney Morris. In-context commentary by pool pro Jerry Forsyth on rack 4: "What a beautiful layout for Immonen. He could not have asked for a better pattern to play. The first five balls are all down at the same end of the table; he doesn't need to make the cue ball do a lot of work; this is a road map". Rebroadcast on April 5, 2009
^ ESPN Classic broadcast of 1995 Gordon's 9-Ball Championship (August 10, 2007), first semi-final. (Jeanette Lee (quoted) vs. Vivian Villarreal). In-context commentary by pool pro Vicki Paski on rack six: "there's good rolls and bad rolls..."
^ Philp, Robert Kemp, ed. (1872). "2324. Terms Used in the Game". Enquire Within upon Everything (44th ed.). London: Houlston and Sons. p. 332. Retrieved 8 March 2019 – via Internet Archive.
^ "Official rules of the games of snooker and English billiards" (PDF). wpbsa.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. November 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
^ [1]
^ "Chicago Billiards Tourney". The New York Times. January 16, 1898. p. 4. Retrieved August 15, 2008.
^ World Rules of 5-pin Billiard Archived September 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Chapter II ("Equipment"), Article 12 ("Balls, Pins, Chalk"), Section 2; Union Mondiale de Billard, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium, 1997 (official online PDF scan, accessed 11 March 2007)
^ Rule Book: Snooker, Devil's Pool, Billiards, American Pool, Eight Ball, Fifteen Ball, Continuous and Rotation Pool. Fortitude Valley, Queensland: Webb & Sons. 2007 [c. 1950s]. pp. 6–7. This appears to be a reprint of an older work, of unknown provenance, dating to the mid 20th century judging by its typeface and layout. It has also been reprinted, under a slightly different title, and again ca. 2007 by Australian gaming equipment dealer PowerPlay, but in an inferior pressing that makes parts of it illegible. The Webb edition was procured from NPC Amusements, 2008, Australia, and they may be the sole distributor, since the demise of PowerPlay.
^ Day, Gary (writer, supporting actor); Marinos, Lex (director); Bisley, Steve (lead role) (1992). Hard Knuckle (VHS (NTSC)). London: Hemdale. UPC 732302715039. Retrieved February 1, 2008.
^ Stein, Victor; Rubino, Paul (2008). The Billiard Encyclopedia (3rd ed.). New York: Balkline Press. ISBN 978-0-615-17092-3. (First ed. pubd. 1994.)CS1 maint: postscript (link) Many illustrations are provided.
^ Byrne, Robert (1990). Advanced Techniques in Pool and Billiards. San Diego, California: Harcourt Trade Publishers. p. 37. ISBN 0-15-614971-0. OCLC 20759553.
^ Newell, Sean (September 20, 2015). "Danny Amendola Makes Ridiculous Catch to Put Bills Out of Their Misery". Vice Sports. Vice Media. Retrieved June 24, 2016.
^ Gardner, Matt (September 22, 2010). "NHL 11 Review: Icing on the Cake". Dealspwn.com. Retrieved June 24, 2016.
^ Geffner, Mike (February 1999). "Hard Times for 'The Kid'". Billiards Digest. 21 (3): 46–50. ISSN 0164-761X.
^ FSN New York broadcast of 2006 World Cup of Pool, third quarter-final. Team USA (Earl Strickland and Rodney Morris) vs. Team Hong Kong (Lee Chenman and Kong Man-ho). In-context commentary on rack 10 by pool pro Kim Davenport.
^ Varner, Nick (February 2008). "Killing Me Softly?: The Outbreak of the Soft Break Threatens the Game of 9-ball". Billiards Digest. 30 (3). Chicago: Luby Publishing. pp. 34–35. ISSN 0164-761X.CS1 maint: postscript (link)

[TIEOB-1] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br Shamos, Michael Ian (1993). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Billiards. New York: Lyons & Burford. ISBN 1-55821-219-1.

[BDECrack-2] "Crack Billiards Players in Tournament". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, New York: 4. February 22, 1895. Archived from the original on June 12, 2011. Retrieved August 19, 2008.

[Idiot-3] Mataya Laurance, Ewa; Shaw, Thomas C. (1999). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Pool & Billiards. New York: Alpha Books. Various pages. ISBN 0-02-862645-1.

[Knuchell-4] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Knuchell, Edward D. (1970). Pocket Billiards with Cue Tips. Cranbury, New Jersey: A. S. Barnes and Co. ISBN 0-498-07392-0.

[BCA-5] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di BCA Rules Committee (November 1992). Billiards: The Official Rules and Record Book. Iowa City: Billiard Congress of America. ISBN 1-878493-02-7.

[Brandt-6] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Brandt, Dale (2006). A Pool Player's Journey. New York: Vantage Press. pp. 86, 91–116. ISBN 978-0-533-15176-9.

[WEPFRules-7] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p World Eight-ball Pool Federation Eight-ball Rules, 2004, Perth, WA, Australia – These are also the rules of the English Pool Association and other national WEPF affiliates.

[Optical_return-8] "The Smart Table Coin-op". DiamondBilliards.com. Diamond Billiard Products.

[tcom-9] The Color of Money (film), Richard Price (screenplay, based on the novel by Walter Tevis), Martin Scorsese (director), 1986; uses a lot of pool terminology in-context.

[RGivens-10] Givens, R. [Randi] (2004). The Eight Ball Bible: A Guide to Bar Table Play (illustrated ed.). Eight Ball Press. ISBN 0-9747273-7-7.

[Shamos_1999-11] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao Shamos, Mike (1999). The New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Billiards. New York: Lyons Press. ISBN 1-55821-797-5.

[WPBSA_2011-12] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Official Rules of the Games of Snooker and English Billiards (PDF). Bristol, England, UK: World Professional Billiards & Snooker Association. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-13. Retrieved 2011-12-24.

[USOpen06-3-13] SportsNet New York broadcast of 2006 US Open Nine-ball Championship (aired December 7, 2007). Rodolfo Luat vs. Rob Saez. In-context commentary by pool pro Jerry Forsyth.

[BlackballRules-14] "Blackball Rules". WPA-Pool.com. World Pool-Billiard Association. 2012. Archived from the original on 2013-02-24.

[Collins-15] "bouclée". Collins English Dictionary (5th [online] ed.). New York: HarperCollins (News Corp.). 2012 [2000].

[Jewett_BD_2008-02-16] Jewett, Bob (February 2008). "Killing Me Softly?: The Outbreak of the Soft Break Threatens the Game of 9-ball". Billiards Digest. 30 (3). Chicago: Luby Publishing. pp. 34–35. ISSN 0164-761X.CS1 maint: postscript (link)

[Panozzo_BD_2008-02-17] Panozzo, Mike (February 2008). "Long Live the Cup!". Billiards Digest. 30 (3). Chicago: Luby Publishing. pp. 34–35. ISSN 0164-761X.CS1 maint: postscript (link)

[18] Simpson, Brad (1996). Rubino, Paul; Stein, Victor (eds.). Blue Book of Pool Cues (1st ed.). Blue Book Publications. p. 103. ISBN 1-886768-02-1.

[BDESaw-19] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Saw Good Billiards: Union Leaguers Entertained by Four Star Cue-wielders". Brooklyn Daily Eagle: 8. December 20, 1893. Archived from the original on June 12, 2011. Retrieved August 19, 2008.Usage clearly demonstrated in context. NB: Each section of the newspaper page scans on this site can be clicked for a readable closeup.

[ABC_rulebook-20] Tucker, Joe. "Rulebook: Guidelines for American Rotation (AR)". AmericanBilliardClub.com. American Billiard Club. Retrieved September 29, 2014.

[EWuE-21] Philp, Robert Kemp, ed. (1884). "2595. Troco or Lawn Billiards". Enquire Within upon Everything (69th ed.). London: Houlston and Sons. p. 365. Retrieved 8 March 2019 – via Internet Archive.

[22] Harper, Douglas (2001). "Carom". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved January 31, 2007.

[23] Lexico Publishing Group, LLC (2006). Carom – Dictionary.com. Retrieved January 31, 2007.

[24] Clark, Neil M. (May 1927). "The World's Most Tragic Man Is the One Who Never Starts". The American. Archived from the original on August 25, 2006. Retrieved February 26, 2009.

[25] U.S. Patent 0,578,514, March 9, 1897

[26] Capelle, Philip B. (1995). Play Your Best Pool. Billiards Press. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-9649204-0-8.

[27] Green, Jonathon (1987). Dictionary of Jargon. London: Routledge. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-7100-9919-8. Retrieved February 26, 2009. Chinese snooker n

[Loy1-28] Loy, Jim (2000). "The Chuck Nurse". Jim Loy's Billiards/Pool Page. Archived from the original on January 28, 2007. Retrieved February 24, 2007.

[DGAcling1-29] Alciatore, David G. (2020). "Pool Ball 'Cling,' 'Skid,' or 'Kick'". Billiards and Pool Principles, Techniques, Resources. Fort Collins: Colorado State University. Retrieved March 7, 2021 – via Billiards.ColoState.edu. See also the attached media in this source (mostly served via YouTube). Deeper in the site are also technical proofs which may be of interest to readers with a physics and engineering background.

[BBC4304501-30] BBC Sport video investigating the cause of cling (a.k.a. kicks or skid); retrieved 4 May 2007

[Kilby_2009-31] Kilby, Ronald (May 23, 2009). "So What's a Carom Cue?". CaromCues.com. Medford, OR: Kilby Cues. Archived from the original on June 24, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2009.

[Fels-32] Fels, George (2000). Pool Simplified, Somewhat. Mineola, New York: Courier Dover Publications. pp. 9, 88–89. ISBN 0-486-41368-3.

[33] MSG+ re-broadcast of the 2011 Mosconi Cup 9-Ball Championship, final (aired August 12, 2012, 1:00 p.m.). Shane Van Boening and Johnny Archer vs. Nick van den Berg and Niels Feijen. In-context commentary at 18 min. in by pro and pool and billiards writer Jerry Forsyth: "He left the rock in a perfect line."

[DGAthrow1-34] Alciatore, David G. (2020). "Outside and Gearing English or Sidespin". Billiards and Pool Principles, Techniques, Resources. Fort Collins: Colorado State University. Retrieved March 7, 2021 – via Billiards.ColoState.edu. See also the attached media in this source (mostly served via YouTube).

[DGAthrow2-35] Alciatore, David G. (January 2007). "Throw – Part IV: Inside/outside English" (PDF). Illustrated Principles. Billiards Digest. Chicago: Luby Publishing. Retrieved March 7, 2021 – via Billiards.ColoState.edu.

[36] Mathavan, S.; Jackson, M. R.; Parkin, R. M. (September 2009). "Application of high-speed imaging to determine the dynamics of billiards" (PDF). American Journal of Physics. American Association of Physics Teachers. 77 (9): 792. Bibcode:2009AmJPh..77..788M. doi:10.1119/1.3157159. Retrieved June 24, 2016.

[37] Cross, Rod (July 2010). "The polar moment of inertia of striking implements". Sports Technology. 3 (3): 215–219. doi:10.1080/19346182.2011.564287. S2CID 39388180. Archived from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2016. Alt URL

[APTSA_Rules-38] "APTSA Rules". TrickShotProductions.com. Watertown, Massachusetts: Artistic Pool & Trick Shot Association. 2008. Retrieved August 27, 2008.

[USOpen06-2-39] SportsNet New York broadcast of 2006 US Open Nine-ball Championship (aired November 29, 2007). John Schmidt vs. Tyler Eddy. In-context commentary by pool pro Danny DiLiberto. "[John] Schmidt unbelievably dogs a straight in eight ball."

[TNQ2-40] "Geet Sethi crowned World Billiards Champion for the 8th Time!". TNQ.in. TNQ Sponsorship (India) Pvt. Ltd. 2006. Retrieved November 30, 2007. Establishes usage.

[EABA1-41] "2007 World Professional Billiards Championship". EABAonline. English Amateur Billiards Association. 2007. "Tournaments" section. Retrieved December 1, 2007.

[42] "Sethi's world record billiards break surpassed by Gilchrist". Daily News and Analysis. PTI. October 6, 2007.

[Stickmen1-43] Scott Wills speaking as the character Wayne; Kirk Torrance as character Holden; Hamish Rothwell, director (2001). Stickmen (DVD). New Zealand: Monarch. Event occurs at 1:08:58, beginning of Wayne's run-out off the break; 1:10:54, conclusion of perfect run-out without opponent, Caller, ever getting a chance to shoot or Wayne accidentally pocketing any of Caller's balls; 1:11:10, Wayne calls his defeat of Caller "a down-trou"; 1:12:20, Holden demands a down-trou after a Wayne/Caller fight over the matter is broken up, using the noun "down-trou" to refer to the act of dropping one's pants.

[44] World Championship: What makes the perfect snooker player? BBC Sport, 19 April 2018.

[Lassiter_1965-45] Lassiter, Luther; Sullivan, George (1965). Billiards for Everyone. New York: Grosset & Dunlap. p. 35.

[SnookerGames-46] Stooke, Michael P. (March 14, 2010). "Definitions of Terms used in Snooker and English Billiards". SnookerGames.co.uk. Dorset, England: self-published. This tertiary source reuses information from other sources without citing them in detail. Stooke is a snooker instructor and writer whose work appears to be presumptively reliable, based on the sources he does cite throughout his materials.

[Dummies-47] Leider, Nicholas (2010). Pool and Billiards for Dummies. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-56553-7. Retrieved April 3, 2010.

[48] ESPN broadcast of 2007 WPBA Great Lakes Classic, second semi-final. Helena Thornfeldt vs. Ga-Young Kim (May 13, 2007). In-context commentary on rack 10 by pool pro Dawn Hopkins.

[49] ESPN2 broadcast of 2007 International Challenge of Champions, first semi-final (September 12, 2007). Thorsten Hohmann v. Niels Feijen. In-context commentary on rack 7 of second set by pool pro Allen Hopkins. "He's hitting everything like he's got the cue ball on a string."

[Paski-50] ESPN Classic broadcast of 1995 Gordon's 9-Ball Championship (August 14, 2007), second semi-final. (Loree Jon Jones vs. Gerda Hofstatter). Direct definition of "on the hill" for viewers and two in-context uses of "hill-hill" in commentary by pool pro Vicki Paski.

[USOpen06-51] SportsNet New York broadcast of 2006 US Open Nine-ball Championship (aired October 19, 2007). Marcus Chamat vs. Ronato Alcano. In-context commentary by pool pros Danny DiLiberto and Jerry Forsyth.

[52] ESPN Classic broadcast of 2002 BCA Open 9-ball Championship, final (May 16, 2002). Charlie Williams v. Tony Robles. In-context commentary on rack 8 by pool pro Mike Sigel. Rebroadcast and viewed March 27, 2009.

[53] ESPN2 broadcast of 2007 World Summit of Pool, final (September 17, 2007). Alex Pagulayan v. Shane Van Boening. In-context commentary on rack 11 by pool pro Charlie Williams. [Following a safety] "He put Shane in jail here; this is a tough shot."

[54] ESPN broadcast of 2008 BCA GenerationPool.com Women' 9-Ball Championship, final (aired July 19, 2008). Ga-Young Kim vs. Xiaoting Pan. In-context commentary on rack 10 by pool pro Ewa Mataya Laurance: "The field has gotten so much stronger; there are no easy matches anymore—you know—your first match you have to play jam up."

[55] "Crucial 'Kick' – Snooker Player's Worst Nightmare" (MP4/HTML5 video). Snooker Planet. October 11, 2019 – via YouTube. Excerpts from professional snooker matches with detailed kick-related observations by professional commentators, with slow-motion replays.

[Everton_1986-56] Everton, Clive (1986). The History of Snooker and Billiards. Haywards Heath, England: Partridge Press. pp. 8–11. ISBN 1-85225-013-5. Revised version of The Story of Billiards and Snooker, 1979

[57] Lexico Publishing Group, LLC (2006). Mark – Dictionary.com. Retrieved February 19, 2007.

[BCAPL-USAPL_2009-58] Player Handbook: BCA Pool League / USAPL: USA Pool League Player Handbook (2009–2010 Edition). "USA Pool League Match Play Rules Archived 2011-07-15 at the Wayback Machine". June 1, 2009. Henderson, NV: BCA Pool League.

[59] Lexico Publishing Group, LLC (2006). Nap – Dictionary.com

[60] Holt, Richard (1989). Sport and the British: A Modern History. Oxford University Press. p. 191. ISBN 0-19-285229-9.

[BF-61] rdsforum.info (2007). Billiard, Pool, and Snooker terms and definitions. Retrieved March 16, 2007

[Beenie-62] Shaw, Thomas C. (May 1998). "The Legendary Weenie Beenie". Pool & Billiard Magazine. 16 (5): 59. ISSN 1049-2852. It was almost as if during his years of learning that he'd been laying down the lemon. They expected the speed of the old Beenie. 'But I had improved.'

[63] Mizerak, Steve; Mataya Laurance, Ewa; Forsyth, Jerry (2003). Quick-Start Guide to Pocket Billiards. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 87. ISBN 0-07-141520-3.

[Stickmen2-64] Robbie Magasiva speaking as the character Jack; Hamish Rothwell, director (2001). Stickmen (DVD). New Zealand: Monarch. Event occurs at 1:09:27.

[BCCSS-65] "Rules of the Game of Snooker" (PDF). Surrey, BC, Canada: British Columbia Cue Sports Society. 1995. Retrieved December 25, 2011. There are four templates, two for the centre pockets and two for the end pockets. Each template is marked with authorization marks and date stamped. For tournament play the pockets need to be set to current standards.

[66] Owen, John (18 October 2020). "Teaser 3030: Pot Success". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 3 May 2021.

[67] ESPN broadcast of 2007 WPBA Great Lakes Classic, second semi-final. Helena Thornfeldt vs. Ga-Young Kim. In-context commentary on rack 10 by pool pro Dawn Hopkins.

[MosconiCup-68] FSN New York broadcast of 2006 Mosconi Cup (August 21, 2007). Team USA members (Johnny Archer and Corey Deuel) vs. Team Europe members (Thomas Engert and David Alcaide). In-context commentary on rack 7 by pool pros Jim Wych and Jerry Forsyth: "You try and overcut it a little bit if you miss it...if you hit it thick you'll sell out...this is called missing it on the pro side."

[Cuetec-69] ESPN broadcast of 2007 Cuetec Cues 9-Ball Championship (aired on December 23, 2007), second semifinal: (Ga-Young Kim vs. Kelly Fisher). In context commentary by pool pro Ewa Mataya Laurance.

[NYT19160901-70] "Russian Game Popular: New Billiard Version Is Gaining Favor Among Manhattan Cuemen". The New York Times. September 1, 1916. p. 11.

[MagicBallRack_2010-71] "Magic Ball Rack". MagicBallRack.com. Magic Ball Rack. 2010. pp. "FAQ", "Products", "Endorsed Pro" and other pages. Retrieved September 26, 2010.

[troyroy78_2009-72] troyroy78 (September 8, 2009). "Magic Ball Rack Introduction (Perfect Rack Everytime)". Avondale, Arizona: AZBilliards, Inc. pp. "Forums" section. Retrieved September 26, 2010.

[AZB4986-73] "Van Boening Wins 10-Ball Ring Game". AZBilliards.com. op. cit. January 5, 2008. pp. "Independent Event" section. Archived from the original on January 7, 2008. Retrieved May 24, 2008.

[74] MSG Plus broadcast of day 3 of the 2008 Mosconi Cup. Mika Immonen vs. Rodney Morris. In-context commentary by pool pro Jerry Forsyth on rack 4: "What a beautiful layout for Immonen. He could not have asked for a better pattern to play. The first five balls are all down at the same end of the table; he doesn't need to make the cue ball do a lot of work; this is a road map". Rebroadcast on April 5, 2009

[75] ESPN Classic broadcast of 1995 Gordon's 9-Ball Championship (August 10, 2007), first semi-final. (Jeanette Lee (quoted) vs. Vivian Villarreal). In-context commentary by pool pro Vicki Paski on rack six: "there's good rolls and bad rolls..."

[EWuE-Croquet-76] Philp, Robert Kemp, ed. (1872). "2324. Terms Used in the Game". Enquire Within upon Everything (44th ed.). London: Houlston and Sons. p. 332. Retrieved 8 March 2019 – via Internet Archive.

[WPBSA2019-77] "Official rules of the games of snooker and English billiards" (PDF). wpbsa.com. World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association. November 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2020.

[78] [1]

[NYTChicago-79] "Chicago Billiards Tourney". The New York Times. January 16, 1898. p. 4. Retrieved August 15, 2008.

[UMB-5P-II-12-2-80] World Rules of 5-pin Billiard Archived September 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Chapter II ("Equipment"), Article 12 ("Balls, Pins, Chalk"), Section 2; Union Mondiale de Billard, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium, 1997 (official online PDF scan, accessed 11 March 2007)

[Aus._Rule_Book-81] Rule Book: Snooker, Devil's Pool, Billiards, American Pool, Eight Ball, Fifteen Ball, Continuous and Rotation Pool. Fortitude Valley, Queensland: Webb & Sons. 2007 [c. 1950s]. pp. 6–7. This appears to be a reprint of an older work, of unknown provenance, dating to the mid 20th century judging by its typeface and layout. It has also been reprinted, under a slightly different title, and again ca. 2007 by Australian gaming equipment dealer PowerPlay, but in an inferior pressing that makes parts of it illegible. The Webb edition was procured from NPC Amusements, 2008, Australia, and they may be the sole distributor, since the demise of PowerPlay.

[Hard_Knuckle-82] Day, Gary (writer, supporting actor); Marinos, Lex (director); Bisley, Steve (lead role) (1992). Hard Knuckle (VHS (NTSC)). London: Hemdale. UPC 732302715039. Retrieved February 1, 2008.

[Stein_&_Rubino_2008-83] Stein, Victor; Rubino, Paul (2008). The Billiard Encyclopedia (3rd ed.). New York: Balkline Press. ISBN 978-0-615-17092-3. (First ed. pubd. 1994.)CS1 maint: postscript (link) Many illustrations are provided.

[84] Byrne, Robert (1990). Advanced Techniques in Pool and Billiards. San Diego, California: Harcourt Trade Publishers. p. 37. ISBN 0-15-614971-0. OCLC 20759553.

[85] Newell, Sean (September 20, 2015). "Danny Amendola Makes Ridiculous Catch to Put Bills Out of Their Misery". Vice Sports. Vice Media. Retrieved June 24, 2016.

[86] Gardner, Matt (September 22, 2010). "NHL 11 Review: Icing on the Cake". Dealspwn.com. Retrieved June 24, 2016.

[87] Geffner, Mike (February 1999). "Hard Times for 'The Kid'". Billiards Digest. 21 (3): 46–50. ISSN 0164-761X.

[88] FSN New York broadcast of 2006 World Cup of Pool, third quarter-final. Team USA (Earl Strickland and Rodney Morris) vs. Team Hong Kong (Lee Chenman and Kong Man-ho). In-context commentary on rack 10 by pool pro Kim Davenport.

[Varner_BD_2008-02-89] Varner, Nick (February 2008). "Killing Me Softly?: The Outbreak of the Soft Break Threatens the Game of 9-ball". Billiards Digest. 30 (3). Chicago: Luby Publishing. pp. 34–35. ISSN 0164-761X.CS1 maint: postscript (link)

vteCue sports
Pool games	Eight-ball Nine-ball Straight pool Ten-ball Blackball Artistic pool and trick shots Bank pool Baseball pocket billiards Bottle pool Bowlliards Chicago Cowboy pool Cribbage Cutthroat Fifteen-ball Golf Honolulu Kelly pool Killer One-pocket Pyramid pool Rotation Seven-ball Speed pool Three-ball
Carom billiards	Three-cushion One-cushion Balkline Straight rail Five-pins Artistic billiards Four-ball Goriziana
Other games	Snooker Six-red snooker Snooker plus American snooker Brazilian snooker English billiards Russian pyramid Kaisa Danish pin billiards Bumper pool Bagatelle Bar billiards Novuss Carrom Ground billiards
Resources	Glossary Techniques Billiard table Billiard ball Billiard hall Cue stick Rack Comparison of cue sports
Majorinternationaltournaments	Artistic Billiards World Championship UMB World Three-cushion Championship World Snooker Championship champions Six-red World Championship World Women's Snooker Championship WPA World Nine-ball Championship champions WPA World Ten-ball Championship World Straight Pool Championship WPA World Eight-ball Championship champions World Cup of Pool Mosconi Cup World Pool Masters Cue sports at the World Games
Other events	Euro Tour events European Pool Championships U.S. Open Straight Pool 8-Ball 9-Ball
Governing bodies	World Confederation of Billiards Sports Union Mondiale de Billard World Pool-Billiard Association International Billiards and Snooker Federation World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association
Categories	Cue sports Players Organizations Competitions
The rules of games in italics are standardized by international sanctioning bodies.

vteGlossaries of sports
Sports terms named after people
American football Archery Association football Athletics Australian rules football Baseball derived idioms Basketball Board games Bowling Bowls Canadian football Chess chess problems computer chess Climbing Contract bridge Cricket Cue sports Curling Cycling parts Darts Disc golf Equestrian Australian and New Zealand punting North American horse racing Fencing Figure skating Gaelic games Golf Gymnastics Ice hockey Motorsport Poker Professional wrestling Rowing Rugby league Rugby union Sumo Surfing Table tennis Tennis Trampolining Underwater diving Volleyball Water polo Wing Chun
Category