Rutland era una circunscripción parlamentaria que cubría el condado de Rutland . Estuvo representada en la Cámara de los Comunes del Parlamento del Reino Unido hasta 1918, cuando pasó a formar parte del distrito electoral de Rutland y Stamford , junto con Stamford en Lincolnshire . Desde 1983, Rutland ha formado parte del distrito electoral de Rutland y Melton junto con Melton Mowbray de Leicestershire.
Rutland | |
---|---|
Distrito electoral anterior del condado para la Cámara de los Comunes | |
condado | Rutland |
Asentamientos importantes | Oakham y Uppingham |
1290- 1918 | |
Número de miembros | 1290-1885: dos 1885-1918: uno |
Reemplazado por | Rutland y Stamford |
La circunscripción eligió a dos miembros del Parlamento (MP), tradicionalmente conocidos como Caballeros de la Comarca , hasta 1885, cuando se redujo a un miembro.
Límites
La circunscripción comprendía todo el condado histórico de Rutland , en East Midlands . Rutland, el más pequeño de los condados históricos de Inglaterra, nunca tuvo distritos electorales parlamentarios dentro de sus fronteras.
El lugar de elección del condado fue Oakham . Aquí fue donde se llevaron a cabo los homenajes ; en el que se nominaban los candidatos (antes de la Ley de votación de 1872 ), se realizaba la votación (antes de la introducción de múltiples lugares de votación en los distritos electorales del condado) y donde se anunciaba el resultado.
Pelling en su Geografía social de las elecciones británicas 1885-1910 describe a la mayoría de las personas de este condado como "comprometidas o dependientes de la agricultura". El distrito electoral era un conservador seguro y rara vez se impugnó en el período cubierto por el libro. GH Finch MP había poseído personalmente casi una décima parte del condado que representaba.
Miembros del Parlamento
1295-1640
Parlamento | Primer miembro | Segundo miembro |
---|---|---|
1295 (noviembre) | Robert de Flixthorpe [1] | Simon de Bokminster [1] |
1297 (septiembre) | William Murdak [1] | Adam de Jernemuta [1] |
1298 (mayo) | John Folville [1] | William de Berck [1] |
1301 (enero) | William Blount [1] | John Folville [1] |
1302 (octubre) | John de Seyton [1] | Robert de Flixthorpe [1] |
1310 | Ralf de Beaufoy | |
1312 | William de St Liz | |
1313 (marzo) | William de Hellewell [1] | Alan de Frankton [1] |
1318 | John de Beaufoy | |
1328 | Richard de St Liz | |
1330 | Richard de St Liz | |
1335 | Richard de St Liz | |
1336 | Richard de St Liz | |
1337 | John de Seyton | |
1340 (enero) | Robert de Hellewell [1] | ningún segundo miembro [1] |
1363 | William Beaufoy | |
1365 | William Beaufoy | |
1368 | Walter Scarle [2] | |
1369 | William Beaufoy | |
1372 | John Wittlebury [3] | |
1377 | Thomas de Burton | |
1378 | Walter Scarle [2] | |
1380 (enero) | Walter Scarle [2] | |
1380 (noviembre) | John Wittlebury [3] | |
1380 | Thomas de Burton | |
1381 | John Wittlebury [3] | |
1382 | Thomas de Burton | |
1383 | John Calveley | |
1383 (octubre) | John Wittlebury [3] | |
1384 | Robert Harrington [4] | |
1385 | Hugh Calveley | Walter Scarle |
1386 | John Wittlebury | Walter Scarle [5] |
1388 (febrero) | Sir Hugh Browe | Sir Oliver Mauleverer [5] |
1388 (septiembre) | Sir John Daneys [5] | Walter Scarle [2] |
1390 (enero) | Hugh Calveley | Sir Oliver Mauleverer [5] |
1390 (noviembre) | Sir Hugh Browe | Sir John Calveley [5] |
1391 | Sir John Bussy | Sir Hugh Greenham [5] |
1393 | Sir Walter Scarle | Sir John Elme [5] |
1394 | Sir John Daneys | Sir John Elme [5] |
1395 | John Wittlebury | Sir Walter Scarle [5] |
1397 (enero) | Sir Robert Plesington | Roger Flore [5] |
1397 (septiembre) | Sir Oliver Mauleverer | Sir Thomas Oudeby [5] |
1399 | John Durant | Roger Flore [5] | - [5] |
1401 | John Durant | William Oudeby [5] |
1402 | Sir Thomas Oudeby | Roger Flore [5] |
1404 (enero) | Thomas Thorpe | John Pensax [5] |
1404 (octubre) | Sir Thomas Oudeby | Roger Flore [5] |
1406 | John Pensax | Robert Scarle [5] |
1407 | Robert Browe | William Sheffield [5] |
1410 | ||
1411 | ||
1413 (febrero) | ||
1413 (mayo) | John Pensax | John Burgh [5] |
1414 (abr) | Roger Flore | Robert Browe [5] |
1414 (noviembre) | Roger Flore | John Newbold [5] |
1415 | Roger Flore | John Burgh [5] |
1416 (marzo) | Roger Flore | Geoffrey Paynell [5] |
1416 (octubre) | Roger Flore [5] | |
1417 | Roger Flore | ? [5] |
1419 | Roger Flore | Robert Browe [5] |
1420 | Sir Thomas Burton | Sir Henry Pleasington [5] |
1421 (mayo) | John Pensax | William Sheffield [5] |
1421 (diciembre) | John Culpepper | Thomas Greenham [5] |
1422 | Roger Flore | Sir Henry Pleasington |
1423 | Robert Browe | |
1425 | Sir Thomas Burton | Sir Henry Pleasington |
1427 | Sir Thomas Burton | |
1429 | Robert Browe | |
1431 | Robert Browe | |
1432 | Thomas Flore | |
1433 | William Beaufoy | |
1434 | William Beaufoy | |
1439–40 | Robert Browe | Hugh Boivyle [6] |
1445 | Thomas Flore | |
1447 | Hugh Boyvyle | Everard Dygby [7] |
1449 | Everard Digby | John Browe |
1450 | Thomas Palmer | Everard Digby |
1510-1523 | No se conocen nombres [8] | |
1529 | Sir Everard Digby | John Harington [8] |
1536 | ||
1539 | John Harington | Edward Sapcote [8] |
1542 | John Harington | Simon Digby [8] |
1545 | Kenelm Digby | Anthony Colly [8] |
1547 | Kenelm Digby | Anthony Colly [8] |
1553 (marzo) | Kenelm Digby | Anthony Colly [8] |
1553 (octubre) | Andrew Nowell | Kenelm Digby [8] |
1554 (abr) | Anthony Colly | John Hunt [8] |
1554 (noviembre) | James Harington | Anthony Colly [8] |
1555 | James Harington | Kenelm Digby [8] |
1558 | Kenelm Digby | James Harington [8] |
1558-1559 | James Harington | Kenelm Digby [9] |
1562-1563 | Anthony Colly | John Flower [9] |
1571 | Kenelm Digby | John Harington [9] |
1572 (abril) | Sir James Harington | Kenelm Digby [9] |
1584 | Kenelm Digby | (Sir) Andrew Noel [9] |
1586 (octubre) | Sir James Harington | (Sir) Andrew Noel [9] |
1588 | Sir James Harington | (Sir) Andrew Noel [9] |
1593 | Sir John Harington | (Sir) Andrew Noel [9] |
1597 | William Cecil | Sir James Harington [9] |
1601 (octubre) | Sir John Harington | (Sir) Andrew Noel , declarado desierto, noviembre de 1601 [10] reemplazado por Edward Noel [9] [11] |
1604-1611 | Sir James Harington | Sir William Bulstrode |
1614 | Sir Guy Palmes | Basil Fielding |
1621–1622 | Sir Guy Palmes | Sir William Bulstrode |
1624 | Sir Guy Palmes | Sir William Bulstrode |
1625 | Sir Guy Palmes | Sir William Bulstrode |
1626 | Sir William Bulstrode | Sir Francis Bodenham |
1628 | Sir Guy Palmes | Sir William Bulstrode |
1629-1640 | No se convocaron parlamentos |
1640–1885
Año | Primer miembro | Primera fiesta | Segundo miembro | Segunda fiesta | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Noviembre 1640 | Hon. Bautista Noel | Monárquico | Sir Guy Palmes | Monárquico | ||
1643 | Noel logró la nobleza, agosto de 1643 - asiento vacante | Palmes incapacitado para sentarse, septiembre de 1643 - asiento vacante | ||||
1646 | James Harington | Thomas Waite | ||||
1653 | Edward Horseman | Rutland tenía solo un representante en el Parlamento Barebones | ||||
1654 | Escudo de William | |||||
1656 | Abel Barker | |||||
Enero 1659 | Edward Horseman | |||||
Mayo 1659 | Sir James Harington | Thomas Waite no está registrado como participante en la grupa restaurada | ||||
Abril 1660 | Philip Sherard | Samuel Browne | ||||
1661 | Edward Noel | |||||
Febrero 1679 | Sir Thomas Mackworth | |||||
Agosto 1679 | Sir Abel Barker | |||||
1680 | Sir Thomas Mackworth | |||||
1681 | Edward Fawkener | |||||
1685 | Bautista Noel | conservador | Sir Thomas Mackworth | |||
1689 | Bennet Sherard | |||||
1694 | Sir Thomas Mackworth | |||||
1695 | Lord Burghley | |||||
1698 | Richard Halford | |||||
1701 | Sir Thomas Mackworth | |||||
1708 | Philip Sherard | |||||
1710 | Lord Finch | John Noel [12] | ||||
1711 | Richard Halford | |||||
1713 | El señor sherard | |||||
1715 | John Noel | |||||
1719 | Marqués de Granby | Whig | ||||
1721 | Sir Thomas Mackworth | |||||
1727 | John Noel | |||||
1728 | Thomas Noel | |||||
1730 | William Burton | |||||
1734 | James Noel | |||||
1741 | John Finch | |||||
1747 | Lord Burghley | |||||
1753 | Thomas Noel | |||||
1754 | George Bridges Brudenell | |||||
1761 | Hon. Thomas Chambers Cecil | |||||
1768 | George Bridges Brudenell | |||||
1788 | Gerard Edwardes [13] | Conservador [14] | ||||
1790 | John Heathcote | Conservador [14] | ||||
1795 | Lord Sherard | Conservador [14] | ||||
1796 | Sir William Lowther, BT | Conservador [14] | ||||
1802 | El señor Carbery | Conservador [14] | ||||
1805 | El señor Henniker | Conservador [14] | ||||
1808 | Charles Noel | Conservador [14] | ||||
1812 | Sir Gilbert Heathcote, BT | Conservador [14] | ||||
1814 | Sir Gerard Noel, BT | Conservador [14] | ||||
1830 | Whig [14] | |||||
1834 | Conservador [14] | |||||
1838 | Hon. William Noel | Conservador [14] | ||||
1840 | Hon. Charles Noel | Whig [14] [15] | ||||
1841 | Sir Gilbert Heathcote, BT | Whig [14] [16] [17] | Hon. William Dawnay | Conservador [14] | ||
1846 | George Finch | Conservador | ||||
1847 | Hon. Gerard Noel | Conservador | ||||
1856 | Hon. Gilbert Heathcote | Whig [18] | ||||
1859 | Liberal | |||||
1867 | George Finch | Conservador | ||||
1883 | James Lowther | Conservador | ||||
1885 | Representación reducida a un miembro |
1885-1918
Año | Miembro del Parlamento | Fiesta | |
---|---|---|---|
1885 | George Finch | Conservador | |
1907 | John Gretton | Conservador | |
1918 | Distrito electoral abolido: ver Rutland y Stamford |
Elecciones
Población en 1831: 19.380
Elección general de 1832 (14 de diciembre)
Electores registrados: 1.296
GN Noel, Bart. Conservador
G Heathcote Whig
Elecciones generales de 1835 (10 de enero)
GN Noel, Bart. Conservador
G Heathcote Whig
Elecciones generales de 1837 (29 de julio)
GN Noel, Bart. Conservador
G Heathcote Whig
Tras la muerte de Sir GN Noel:
Elección parcial de 1838 (13 de marzo)
WM Noel Conservative
Elecciones en la década de 1830
Fiesta | Candidato | Votos | % | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Tory | Gerard Noel Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | c. 800 | ||||
Whig gain from Tory | |||||
Tory hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Tory | Gerard Noel Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | c. 800 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Tory hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Tory | Gerard Noel Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,296 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Tory hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,264 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Conservative hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,325 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Conservative hold |
Noel's death caused a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | William Noel | Unopposed | |||
Conservative hold |
Elections in the 1840s
Noel resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Charles Noel | Unopposed | |||
Whig gain from Conservative |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert John Heathcote | 767 | 36.4 | N/A | |
Conservative | William Dawnay | 676 | 32.1 | N/A | |
Whig | Charles Noel | 664 | 31.5 | N/A | |
Turnout | 1,341 | 86.1 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 1,557 | ||||
Majority | 91 | 4.3 | N/A | ||
Whig hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Majority | 12 | 0.6 | N/A | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | N/A |
Dawnay resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | Unopposed | |||
Conservative hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert John Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,887 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Conservative hold |
Elections in the 1850s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert John Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,876 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Conservative hold |
Heathcote was elevated to the peerage, becoming 1st Baron Aveland and causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Whig hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Gilbert Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,822 | ||||
Whig hold | |||||
Conservative hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Gilbert Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,810 | ||||
Liberal hold | |||||
Conservative hold |
Elections in the 1860s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Gilbert Heathcote | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,774 | ||||
Liberal hold | |||||
Conservative hold |
Noel was appointed a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury, requiring a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Conservative hold |
Heathcote succeeded to the peerage, becoming Lord Aveland and causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | Unopposed | |||
Conservative gain from Liberal |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 2,200 | ||||
Conservative hold | |||||
Conservative gain from Liberal |
Elections in the 1870s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,950 | ||||
Conservative hold | |||||
Conservative hold |
Noel was appointed First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Conservative hold |
Elections in the 1880s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | Unopposed | |||
Conservative | Gerard Noel | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,736 | ||||
Conservative hold | |||||
Conservative hold |
Noel's resignation caused a by-election, which was the first contest in the constituency for 42 years.[21]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | James Lowther | 860 | 81.6 | N/A | |
Liberal | John William Davenport-Handley[22] | 194 | 18.4 | New | |
Majority | 666 | 63.2 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 1,054 | 59.6 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 1,768 | ||||
Conservative hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | 2,366 | 68.1 | N/A | |
Liberal | Marston Clarke Buszard | 1,110 | 31.9 | N/A | |
Majority | 1,256 | 36.2 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 3,476 | 83.4 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 4,166 | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | N/A |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | Unopposed | |||
Conservative hold |
Elections in the 1890s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | Unopposed | |||
Conservative hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | Unopposed | |||
Conservative hold |
Elections in the 1900s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | Unopposed | |||
Conservative hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Finch | 2,047 | 56.7 | N/A | |
Liberal | Harold Pearson | 1,564 | 43.3 | New | |
Majority | 483 | 13.4 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 3,611 | 89.3 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 4,042 | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | N/A |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | John Gretton | 2,213 | 61.9 | +5.2 | |
Liberal | W F H Lyon | 1,362 | 38.1 | −5.2 | |
Majority | 851 | 23.8 | +10.4 | ||
Turnout | 3,575 | 87.6 | −1.7 | ||
Registered electors | 4,083 | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | +5.2 |
Elections in the 1910s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | John Gretton | 2,235 | 59.3 | +2.6 | |
Liberal | Joseph Nathaniel Emery | 1,531 | 40.7 | −2.6 | |
Majority | 704 | 18.6 | +5.2 | ||
Turnout | 3,766 | 91.2 | +1.9 | ||
Registered electors | 4,128 | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | +2.6 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | John Gretton | 2,169 | 61.3 | +2.0 | |
Liberal | Joseph Nathaniel Emery | 1,367 | 38.7 | −2.0 | |
Majority | 802 | 22.6 | +4.0 | ||
Turnout | 3,536 | 85.7 | −5.5 | ||
Registered electors | 4,128 | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | +2.0 |
General Election 1914/15:
Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;
- Unionist: John Gretton
- Liberal:
Referencias
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Members of Parliament 1213–1702. London: House of Commons. 1878.
- ^ a b c d "SCARLE, Walter (d.c.1401), of Uppingham, Rutland". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- ^ a b c d "WITTLEBURY, John (1333–1400), of Whissendine, Rutland and Milton and Marholm, Northants". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
- ^ "HARRINGTON, Sir Robert (d.1399), of Glaston, Rutland and Glooston, Leics. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad "History of Parliament". Retrieved 8 September 2011.
- ^ History of Parliament: Register of the Ministers and of the Members of Both Houses 1439–1509. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office. 1938. p. 17.
- ^ History of Parliament: Register of the Ministers and of the Members of Both Houses 1439–1509. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office. 1938. p. 82.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "History of Parliament". Retrieved 8 September 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "History of Parliament". Retrieved 8 September 2011.
- ^ Sir Andrew Noel was elected despite being ineligible, being Sheriff of Rutland|| the Commons annulled his election and issued a new writ
- ^ Edward Noel was returned despite being ineligible to sit|| he was underage, and owned no freeholds in the county. The controversial election, conducted by the candidate's father in his capacity as Sheriff, led to a suit in the Court of Star Chamber
- ^ On petition, Noel was declared not to have been duly elected
- ^ Adopted the surname Noel on succeeding to his uncle's estates in 1798
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Stooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 12–14. Retrieved 27 May 2019 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Berkshire Chronicle". 1 February 1840. p. 2. Retrieved 27 May 2019 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ Churton, Edward (1836). The Assembled Commons or Parliamentary Biographer: 1836. p. 94. Retrieved 13 August 2018 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Stamford Mercury". 23 July 1841. p. 3. Retrieved 13 August 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ "Miscellaneous Intelligence". Berkshire Chronicle. 8 March 1856. p. 6. Retrieved 13 August 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ a b c d e Harratt, Simon. "Rutland". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book)
|format=
requires|url=
(help) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3. - ^ "Rutlandshire Election". The Cornishman (269). 6 September 1883. p. 6.
- ^ "The Rutland Election". South Wales Daily News. 28 August 1883. p. 3. Retrieved 10 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i British Parliamentary Election Results 1885–1918, FWS Craig
- ^ a b c d e f The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ^ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886
- ^ a b c Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
- ^ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
- Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807) [1]
- D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
- Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808) Digital Bodleian
- F W S Craig, Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885–1972 (Parliamentary Reference Publications 1972)
- F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989)
- M Kinnear, The British Voter (London: Batsford, 1968)
- McCalmont's Parliamentary Poll Book of All Elections 1832–1918
- Lewis Namier & John Brooke, The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1754–1790 (London: HMSO, 1964)
- J E Neale, The Elizabethan House of Commons (London: Jonathan Cape, 1949)
- Henry Pelling, Social Geography of British Elections 1885–1910 (Macmillan, 1967)
- Henry Stooks Smith, The Parliaments of England (1st edition published in three volumes 1844–50), second edition edited (in one volume) by F.W.S. Craig (Political Reference Publications 1973)
- Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "R" (part 2)