Valedictorian es un título académico de éxito utilizado en los Estados Unidos , Canadá , Filipinas , Grecia [ cita requerida ] y Australia [ cita requerida ] (y en otros lugares en un número limitado de escuelas) para el estudiante que entrega la declaración de clausura o despedida en un ceremonia de graduación (llamada despedida ). El valedictorian elegido es tradicionalmente el estudiante con la posición académica más alta entre su clase que se gradúa, y esa posición se determina comúnmente mediante una fórmula numérica para el promedio de calificaciones , pero también se utilizan otros métodos de selección.[1] El término es una derivación anglicanizada del latín vale dicere ("decir adiós"), históricamente arraigado en el papel tradicional del valedictorian como el orador final en laceremonia de graduación antes de que los estudiantes reciban sus diplomas. El discurso de despedida generalmente se considera una despedida final de los compañeros de clase, antes de que se dispersen para seguir sus caminos individuales después de graduarse.
En Australia, Nueva Zelanda, Sudáfrica, Irlanda e India, el título valedictorian no se usa con frecuencia. En Australia, el título a veces se otorga a un miembro de una clase universitaria que se gradúa sobre la base de una contribución a la escuela en lugar del éxito académico. El estudiante de más alto rango en una clase que se gradúa a menudo se conoce como dux (en latín, "líder") y puede o no dar un discurso. En Francia se utiliza el término Major de Promotion ("primero en su clase"), aunque el término no está relacionado con ningún papel ceremonial, ya que rara vez hay ceremonias de graduación en escuelas o universidades.
Selección
The most common method of selection is typically based upon the highest grade point average. Some institutions confer the title on the class member chosen to deliver the final graduation address, regardless of the speaker's academic credentials. Historically and traditionally, however, schools confer the title upon the top ranked graduate of the class, whether determined by GPA or some other means such as a faculty vote, who thereby earns the honor of delivering the valedictory address.
Some institutions award the title based upon various criteria such as an overall academic record of grades and credits, a student's grade point average, the level of rigor within a student's academic program of studies, a vote by school administrators, the level of participation in and dedication to extracurricular activities, and one's public-speaking skills and abilities. In other schools, the position may be elected by the school body or appointed directly by the school administration based on various systems of merit. Some schools may feature "co-valedictorians" in lieu of conferring the title on a single individual from among the graduating class. This may occur in the case of a numerical tie in grade point averages, as part of a Latin honors system.
Premios
A valedictorian is usually given a gold medal during the graduation ceremony, with the salutatorian receiving a silver medal.
Controversy
The awarding of the valedictorian honor may be the subject of heated controversy. Often the differences separating the top student from the nearest competitors are small, and sometimes there are accusations that the winner took advantage of the rules in a way that seemed unfair, such as taking easy courses to get additional credits.[2] Some schools have dropped the honor or changed the rules to allow multiple recipients.[3][4] In turn, such changes have led to complaints that it is unfair to change the rules after a competition has begun. The New Jersey Commissioner of Education, for example, required schools to make changes to valedictorian award policy effective only for the incoming freshman class, not students already enrolled.[5] Another New Jersey case raised the question of whether accommodations for students under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and related laws should affect valedictorian honors. In Hornstine v. Township of Moorestown, a U.S. District Court judge blocked the Moorestown Superintendent of Schools from retroactively changing school policy to deny a disabled student sole honors.[5] While those who do well in school often find success in university and professional life, one study claimed to show that valedictorians were not any more likely to excel at a global scale than other students, with the argument being made that those with passions for subjects are more likely to excel, yet those same students tend to find it more difficult to work hard at subjects that they are not interested in.[6]
Discurso de despedida
The valedictory address, or valediction, is the closing or farewell statement delivered at a graduation ceremony. It is an oration at commencement (in Canada, called convocation in university and graduation in high school) exercises in U.S. and some Canadian high schools, colleges, and universities delivered by one of the graduates. The mode of discourse generally is inspirational and persuasive. The various aims of this address are to inspire the graduates and to thank individuals responsible for their successes while reflecting on youthful frivolity and the accomplishments of the class. Above all, however, the primary aim of the valedictory address is to allow a representative of the graduating class to bid a final farewell to the students and to the school, as the graduates prepare to disperse and to begin the next phase of their lives.
Ver también
Referencias
- ^ "Merriam-Webster definition of valedictorian". merriam-webster.com.
- ^ Talbot, Margaret (June 6, 2005). "Best in Class: Students are suing their way to the top". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on February 23, 2007.
- ^ DeCuir, Marissa (2007-06-28). "Schools playing down valedictorian honors". USA Today. Archived from the original on 2007-06-30. Retrieved 2010-05-27.
- ^ Bound, Amy (November 14, 2007). "BVSD nixes title of valedictorian". Daily Camera. Archived from the original on November 15, 2007.
- ^ a b Hornstine v. Township of Moorestown, 263 F.Supp.2d 887 (D.N.J. 2003-05-08).
- ^ Dill, Kathryn (May 25, 2017). "This is why class valedictorians don't become millionaires". CNBC. Retrieved January 4, 2021.