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1794 por tema
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1794 en varios calendarios
Calendario Gregoriano1794
MDCCXCIV
Calendario republicano francés2-3
Ab urbe condita2547
Calendario armenio1243
ԹՎ ՌՄԽԳ
Calendario asirio6544
Calendario saka balinés1715-1716
Calendario bengalí1201
Calendario bereber2744
Año de reinado británico34  Geo. 3  - 35  Geo. 3
Calendario budista2338
Calendario birmano1156
Calendario bizantino7302–7303
calendario chino癸丑年( Buey de agua  )
4490 o 4430
    - a -
甲寅 年( Tigre de madera  )
4491 o 4431
Calendario copto1510-1511
Calendario discordiano2960
Calendario etíope1786-1787
Calendario hebreo5554–5555
Calendarios hindúes
 - Vikram Samvat1850–1851
 - Shaka Samvat1715-1716
 - Kali Yuga4894–4895
Calendario del Holoceno11794
Calendario igbo794–795
Calendario iraní1172-1173
Calendario islámico1208–1209
Calendario japonésKansei 6
(寛 政 ６ 年)
Calendario javanés1720-1721
calendario julianoGregoriano menos 11 días
Calendario coreano4127
Calendario Minguo118 antes de la República de China
民 前 118 年
Calendario Nanakshahi326
Calendario solar tailandés2336–2337
Calendario tibetano阴 水牛 年
(hembra de buey de agua)
1920 o 1539 o 767
    - a -
阳 木 虎年
(macho de madera - tigre )
1921 o 1540 o 768
4 de abril : Batalla de Racławice

1794 ( MDCCXCIV ) fue un año común que comenzaba el miércoles del calendario gregoriano  y un año común que comenzaba el domingo del calendario juliano , el año 1794 de las designaciones de Era Común (CE) y Anno Domini (AD), el año 794 de la Segundo milenio , el año 94 del siglo XVIII y el quinto año de la década de 1790 . A principios de 1794, el calendario gregoriano estaba 11 días por delante del calendario juliano, que se mantuvo en uso localizado hasta 1923.

Eventos [ editar ]

Enero-marzo [ editar ]

  • 13 de enero : el Congreso de los Estados Unidos promulga una ley que establece, a partir del 1 de mayo de 1795, una bandera de los Estados Unidos de 15 estrellas y 15 franjas, en reconocimiento a la reciente admisión de Vermont y Kentucky como los estados 14 y 15. [1] Un acto posterior restablece el número de franjas a 13, pero prevé estrellas adicionales tras la admisión de cada estado adicional.
  • 21 de enero : el rey Jorge III de Gran Bretaña pronuncia el discurso de apertura del Parlamento y recomienda la continuación de la guerra de Gran Bretaña con Francia.
  • 4 de febrero - Revolución Francesa : La Primera República Francesa abolió la esclavitud.
  • 8 de febrero - Naufragio del Ten Sail en Gran Caimán .
  • 11 de febrero : la primera sesión del Senado de los Estados Unidos está abierta al público.
  • 4 de marzo - El Congreso aprueba la Undécima Enmienda a la Constitución de los Estados Unidos para presentarla a los estados para su ratificación. [2]
  • 11 de marzo - Canonsburg Academy (actual Washington & Jefferson College ) es constituida por la Asamblea General de Pensilvania. [3]
  • 12 de marzo - El general Antoni Madaliński , un comandante de la Caballería Nacional en la Commonwealth polaco-lituana , desobedece una orden del Imperio ruso gobernante y el Reino de Prusia que impone la desmovilización , avanzando sus tropas de Ostrołęka a Cracovia .
  • 14 de marzo : Eli Whitney obtiene una patente estadounidense para la desmotadora de algodón .
  • 22 de marzo : el Congreso prohíbe que los barcos estadounidenses suministren esclavos a cualquier nación que no sea Estados Unidos, estableciendo una sanción de decomiso del barco y una multa de $ 2,000. [2]
  • 23 de marzo : las tropas británicas capturan Martinica a los franceses . [4]
  • 24 de marzo - Tadeusz Kościuszko hace su proclamación , iniciando el Levantamiento de Kościuszko contra el Imperio Ruso y el Reino de Prusia , en la Mancomunidad Polaco-Lituana y la Partición Prusiana .
  • 26 de marzo : Estados Unidos impone un embargo de 60 días a todos los envíos desde y hacia Gran Bretaña. [2]
  • 27 de marzo
    • El Gobierno de los Estados Unidos autoriza la construcción de los primeros seis buques de la Armada de los Estados Unidos (en 1797 entran en servicio las tres primeras fragatas, Estados Unidos , Constelación  (1797) y Constitución ), no confundir con el 13 de octubre de 1775, que se observa como el cumpleaños de la Marina .
    • El Senado de los Estados Unidos aprueba una regla que pone fin a su política de cerrar todas sus sesiones al público. [2]

Abril-junio [ editar ]

  • 4 de abril - Batalla de Racławice : los partidarios polacos del Levantamiento de Kościuszko derrotan a las fuerzas del Imperio Ruso .
  • April 5 – French Revolution: Reign of Terror – Georges Danton is executed.
  • April 17–19 – Kościuszko Uprising – Warsaw Uprising: The Polish people overthrow the Russian garrison in Warsaw.
  • April 19 – Britain, Prussia and the Netherlands sign a treaty of alliance against France.[4]
  • April 28 – Sardinian Vespers: The people of Cagliari in Sardinia oust the viceroy and his Piedmontese functionaries.
  • April 29–May 1 – Battle of Boulou: The French defeat the Spanish and Portuguese forces.
  • May 7 – French Revolution: Robespierre establishes the Cult of the Supreme Being as the new state religion of the French First Republic.
  • May 8 – French Revolution: Reign of Terror – Chemist Antoine Lavoisier is tried, convicted and executed by guillotine in Paris, on the same day as with 27 co-defendants also associated with the former ferme générale.
  • May 18 – Battle of Tourcoing: French troops defeat British forces.
  • May 28–June 1 – The Glorious First of June (Battle of Ushant): The British win a crushing tactical victory over the French fleet, but the merchant convoy escorted by the French fleet arrives safely in France.
  • June 1 – The battle of the Glorious First of June is fought: Britain is victorious in the first naval engagement between Britain and France during the French Revolutionary Wars.
  • June 4– British troops capture Port-au-Prince in Haiti from the French.[4]
  • June 17
    • The Anglo-Corsican Kingdom is established.
    • Battle of Mykonos: The British Royal Navy captures French frigate Sibylle.
  • June 24 – Bowdoin College is founded in Brunswick, Maine.
June 26: Battle of Fleurus
  • June 26 – Battle of Fleurus: French forces defeat the Austrians and their allies, leading to permanent loss of the Austrian Netherlands and destruction of the Dutch Republic. French use of an observation balloon marks the first participation of an aircraft in battle.
  • June–July – Mount Vesuvius erupts in Italy; the town of Torre del Greco is destroyed.[5]

July–September[edit]

  • July 12 – Horatio Nelson loses the sight in his right eye, in the British Siege of Calvi in Corsica.
  • July 13 – Battle of Trippstadt between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria.
  • July 13–September 6 – Kościuszko Uprising: Siege of Warsaw – The Polish people resist a siege by armies of the Russian Empire and Kingdom of Prussia.
  • July 17 – The sixteen Carmelite Martyrs of Compiègne are executed 10 days prior to the end of the French Revolution's Reign of Terror.
July 27: Robespierre and Saint-Just are arrested
  • July 27 (9 Thermidor) – French Revolution – Thermidorian Reaction: Robespierre and Saint-Just are arrested on the orders of the French National Convention; they are executed the next day, ending the French Revolution's Reign of Terror.
  • August – Colombian Antonio Nariño is denounced as a traitor after he translates and publishes the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.[6]
  • August 1 – Aristocrats in Sweden gather to mourn the demise of coffee after the beverage is forbidden by royal decree.[7][8]
  • August 20 – Battle of Fallen Timbers in Northwestern Ohio: American troops under the command of General Anthony Wayne (nicknamed "Mad Anthony") defeat Native American tribes of the Western Confederacy. [2]
  • August 21 – British troops capture Corsica following the bombardment by Nelson.[4]
  • August 29 – Stonyhurst College is finally established as a Roman Catholic school in Lancashire, England, having had several European locations.
  • September 10 – The University of Tennessee is established at Knoxville.
  • September 23 – France occupies Aachen.[9]
  • September 28 – Austria, Britain and Russia ally against France.[4]

October–December[edit]

  • October 2 – Battle of Aldenhoven between French forces and those of Austria.
  • October 4 – In the first and only instance of an incumbent United States president leading men into battle, George Washington arrives at Carlisle, Pennsylvania to guide the U.S. Army's suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion.[10] The rebels soon disperse and the insurrection collapses by the end of the month.
  • October 10 – Battle of Maciejowice: Forces of the Russian Empire defeat Polish supporters of the Kościuszko Uprising; Tadeusz Kościuszko is wounded and captured.
  • October 22 – Fort Wayne founded in what is now the U.S. state of Indiana.
  • November 4 – Battle of Praga: Russian General Alexander Suvorov storms Warsaw in the war against the Polish Kościuszko Uprising and captures Praga, one of its suburbs, killing many civilians.
  • November 14 – The first recorded meeting of the Franklin Literary Society is held at Canonsburg Academy (modern-day Washington & Jefferson College).[11]
  • November 19 – The United States and Great Britain sign the Jay Treaty (coming into effect 1796), which attempts to clear up some issues left over from the American Revolutionary War[12] and secures a decade of peaceful trade between the two nations.[2] Britain agrees to evacuate border forts in the Northwest Territory (roughly the area north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi) and thereby end British support for the Indians.
  • November 20 – Battle of St-Laurent-de-la-Muga fought between French and Spanish forces.
  • December 8 – The Great New Orleans Fire (1794) burns over 200 buildings in the French Quarter.
  • December 23 – St. Louis Cathedral, New Orleans is dedicated.

Date unknown[edit]

  • The Ayrshire (Earl of Carrick's Own) Yeomanry, a British Yeomanry Cavalry Regiment, is formed by the Earl of Cassillis at Culzean Castle, Ayrshire.
  • The Oban distillery is built in Scotland.

Births[edit]

Antonio López de Santa Anna
Cornelius Vanderbilt
  • January 7 – Eilhard Mitscherlich, German chemist (d. 1863)
  • February 11 – Charlotta Eriksson, Swedish actor (d. 1862)
  • February 20 – William Carleton, Irish novelist (d. 1869)
  • February 21 – Antonio López de Santa Anna, Mexican general and President of Mexico (d. 1876)
  • March 5
    • Robert Cooper Grier, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1870)
    • Joseph Livesey, English temperance movement campaigner (d. 1884)
  • April 10 – Matthew Calbraith Perry, American commodore (d. 1858)
  • April 11 – Edward Everett, American politician (d. 1865)
  • May 17 – Anna Brownell Jameson, British writer (d. 1860)
  • May 24 – William Whewell, English scientist, philosopher and historian of science (d. 1866)
  • May 27 – Cornelius Vanderbilt, American entrepreneur (d. 1877)
  • June 16 – María Trinidad Sánchez, heroine of the Dominican War of Independence (d. 1846)
  • July 5 – Sylvester Graham, American nutritionist, inventor (d. 1851)
  • July 7 – Frances Stackhouse Acton, British botanist, archaeologist, writer and artist (d. 1881)
  • July 18 – Feargus O'Connor, Irish political radical, Chartist leader (d. 1855)
  • July 28 – Charles Longley, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1868)
  • August 8 – Francesco Puccinotti, Italian pathologist (d. 1872)
  • September 24 – Jeanne Villepreux-Power, French marine biologist (d. 1871)
  • November 3 – William Cullen Bryant, American poet (d. 1878)
  • November 10 – Robert Towns, merchant, founder of Townsville, Queensland, Australia (d. 1873)

Date unknown[edit]

  • Caroline Howard Gilman, American author (d. 1888)
  • Gustafva Lindskog, Swedish athlete (d. 1851)

Deaths[edit]

Antoine Lavoisier
Élisabeth of France
Maximilien Robespierre
Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
  • January 4 – Nicolas Luckner, Marshal of France (executed) (b. 1722)
  • January 6
    • Pierre Bouchet, French physician (b. 1752)
    • Maurice d'Elbée, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1752)
  • January 8 – Justus Möser, German statesman (b. 1720)
  • January 11 – Caroline Townshend, 1st Baroness Greenwich, English peeress (b. 1717)
  • January 16 – Edward Gibbon, English historian (b. 1737)
  • January 28 – Henri de la Rochejaquelein, French Revolutionary leader (b. 1772)
  • January 31 – Mariot Arbuthnot, British admiral (b. 1711)
  • February 10 – Jacques Roux, French priest (b. 1752)
  • February 12 – Mahadaji Shinde, Maratha emperor of India (1764–1794)
  • March 24 – Jacques Hébert, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1757)
  • March 28 – Marquis de Condorcet, French mathematician, philosopher and political scientist (died in prison) (b. 1743)
  • April 5
    • Georges Danton, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1759)
    • Camille Desmoulins, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1760)
    • Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1759)
    • Fabre d'Églantine, French dramatist, revolutionary (executed) (b. 1750)
    • François Joseph Westermann, French Revolutionary leader and general (executed) (b. 1751)
  • April 13
    • Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1763)
    • Lucile Duplessis, wife of Camille Desmoulins (executed) (b. 1770)
  • April 18 – Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1714)
  • April 23 – Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes, French statesman (executed) (b. 1721)
  • April 27
    • James Bruce, Scottish explorer (b. 1730)
    • Sir William Jones, British philologist (b. 1746)
  • May 8 – Antoine Lavoisier, French chemist (executed) (b. 1743)
  • May 10 – Élisabeth of France, French princess (executed) (b. 1764)[13]
  • May 17 – Sir Thomas Dyke Acland, 9th Baronet (b. 1752)
  • May 27 – Mary Palmer, English writer (b. 1716)
  • June 14 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, Viceroy of Ireland (b. 1718)
  • June 17 – Marguerite-Élie Guadet, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1753)
  • June 18
    • François Buzot, French Revolutionary leader (suicide) (b. 1760)
    • James Murray, British military officer, administrator
  • June 19 – Richard Henry Lee, 12th President of the Continental Congress (b. 1732)
  • June 25 – Jean-Olivier Briand, French-born Catholic bishop of Quebec (b. 1715)
  • June 27
    • Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg, Austrian statesman (b. 1711)
    • Philippe de Noailles, French soldier (executed) (b. 1715)
    • Victor de Broglie, French soldier (executed) (b. 1756)
  • July 13 – James Lind, British pioneer of naval hygiene in the Royal Navy (b. 1716)
  • July 17 – John Roebuck, English inventor (b. 1718)
  • July 23 – Alexandre de Beauharnais, French politician and general (executed) (b. 1760)
  • July 25
    • André Chénier, French writer (executed) (b. 1762)
    • Joseph Frye, American general (b. 1712)
  • July 28
    • Maximilien Robespierre, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1758)
    • Augustin Robespierre, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1763)
    • Louis Antoine de Saint-Just, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1767)
    • Jean-Baptiste de Lavalette, French general (executed) (b. 1753)
    • François Hanriot, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1761)
  • August 6 – Henry Bathurst, 2nd Earl Bathurst, British politician (b. 1714)
  • August 14 – Jacoba van den Brande, Dutch cultural personality (b. 1735)
  • August 17 – Countess Palatine Elisabeth Auguste of Sulzbach, politically active Electress of Bavaria (b. 1721)
  • September 1 – Catherine Théot, French visionary (b. 1716)
  • September 4 – John Hely-Hutchinson, Irish statesman (b. 1724)
  • September 15 – Abraham Clark, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1725)
  • September 16 – Hester Bateman, English silversmith (bap. 1708)
  • September 25 – Paul Rabaut, French Huguenot pastor (b. 1718)
  • October 21
    • Francis Light, founder of the British colony of Penang (b. 1740)
    • Antoine Petit, French physician (b. 1722)
  • November 3 – François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis, French cardinal, statesman (b. 1715)
  • November 9 – Thomas Walker, distinguished Virginia physician, explorer (b. 1715)
  • November 15
    • Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach, German aristocrat (b. 1724)
    • John Witherspoon, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1723)
  • November 22
    • John Alsop, American Continental Congressman (b. 1724)
    • Alison Cockburn, British poet (b. 1712)
  • November 28
    • Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, Prussian army officer (b. 1730)
    • Sir James Tylney-Long, 7th Baronet, English politician (b. 1736)
  • December 2 – Johann Gottlob Leidenfrost, German physician (b. 1715)
  • December 12 – Meshullam Feivush Heller, Austrian Hasidic author (b. c. 1742)
  • December 16 – Jean-Baptiste Carrier, French Revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1756)

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Flag of the United States". The Port Folio (July, 1818) p. 18.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Lossing, Benson John; Wilson, Woodrow, eds. (1910). Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A.D. to 1909. Harper & Brothers. p. 170.
  3. ^ Coleman, Helen Turnbull Waite (1956). Banners in the Wilderness: The Early Years of Washington and Jefferson College. University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 204. OCLC 2191890.
  4. ^ a b c d e Everett, Jason M., ed. (2006). "1794". The People's Chronology. Thomson Gale. Archived from the original on August 22, 2007. Retrieved June 5, 2007.
  5. ^ Constantine, David (2002). Fields of Fire. London: Phoenix Press. pp. 194–5. ISBN 1842125818.
  6. ^ Victor M. Uribe-Uran (March 15, 2000). Honorable Lives: Lawyers, Family, and Politics in Colombia, 1780–1850. University of Pittsburgh Pre. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-8229-7732-2.
  7. ^ Weinberg, Bennett Alan; Bealer, Bonnie K. (2001). The world of caffeine: the science and culture of the world's most popular drug. Psychology Press. pp. 92–3. ISBN 978-0-415-92722-2. Retrieved May 12, 2015.
  8. ^ Calestous Juma (2016). Innovation and Its Enemies: Why People Resist New Technologies. Oxford University Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-19-046703-6.
  9. ^ Christopher J. Kauffman (December 1, 1978). Tamers of Death: The history of the Alexian Brothers from 1789 to the present. Seabury Press. p. 23.
  10. ^ Hogeland, William (2015). The Whiskey Rebellion: George Washington, Alexander Hamilton and the Frontier Rebels Who Challenged America's Newfound Sovereignty. Simon and Schuster. p. 213.
  11. ^ McClelland, W. C. (1903). "A History of Literary Societies at Washington & Jefferson College". The Centennial Celebration of the Chartering of Jefferson College in 1802. Philadelphia: George H. Buchanan and Company. pp. 111–132.
  12. ^ Everett, Jason M., ed. (2006). "1794". The People's Chronology. Thomson Gale. Archived from the original on August 22, 2007. Retrieved June 5, 2007.
  13. ^ "Elizabeth Of France | princess of France". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved May 19, 2020.