Las elecciones estatales de Turingia de 2019 se llevaron a cabo el 27 de octubre de 2019 para elegir a los miembros del 7 ° Landtag de Turingia . El gobierno saliente era una coalición formada por La Izquierda , el Partido Socialdemócrata (SPD) y Los Verdes , encabezada por el ministro-presidente Bodo Ramelow .
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Los 90 escaños del Landtag de Turingia 46 escaños necesarios para la mayoría | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Registrado | 1.729.242 4,6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Apagar | 1.121.814 (64,9%) 12,2% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Candidatos ganadores en los distritos electorales de un solo miembro, con la lista de asientos mostrados en la parte superior derecha. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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La izquierda se convirtió por primera vez en el partido más grande en cualquier estado alemán con una pequeña mejora al 31% de los votos. La Alternativa para Alemania (AfD) duplicó con creces su porcentaje de votos al 23%, superando a la opositora Unión Demócrata Cristiana (CDU) para ocupar el segundo lugar. La CDU sufrió importantes pérdidas, pasando del 33% al 22%. El SPD también disminuyó, mientras que los Verdes y el Partido Demócrata Libre (FDP) pasaron por poco el umbral electoral del 5% : los Verdes retuvieron sus escaños, mientras que el FDP volvió a ingresar al Landtag después de caer en 2014.
La elección resultó en un parlamento colgado , ya que la coalición gobernante anterior se quedó cuatro escaños por debajo de la mayoría general. No se puede formar una mayoría sin la participación de al menos dos de La Izquierda, AfD y CDU, todos los cuales descartaron explícitamente la cooperación entre ellos. Como resultado, no se consideró que existiera una mayoría viable.
El 5 de febrero de 2020, el Landtag votó para elegir al Ministro-Presidente. Se esperaba que el titular Ramelow fuera reelegido para liderar un gobierno minoritario en la tercera votación, que solo requiere una pluralidad para ser aprobada. La CDU se negó a presentar un candidato, y se esperaba que ni el candidato de la AfD ni el líder del FDP, Thomas Kemmerich, obtuvieran suficiente apoyo para ganar. Sin embargo, en la tercera votación, Kemmerich fue elegido inesperadamente, ganando 45 votos contra los 44 del titular Ramelow. Los votos para Kemmerich provinieron del FDP, CDU y AfD. Esta fue la primera vez que la AfD participó en la elección de un jefe de gobierno en Alemania. Esto fue muy controvertido, provocó protestas en Turingia y Alemania y la condena de los políticos de todo el país, incluida la canciller federal Angela Merkel , quien lo describió como "imperdonable". [1]
Bajo una intensa presión, Kemmerich anunció su renuncia solo dos días después, pero permaneció en el cargo en calidad de interino hasta que el Landtag pudiera elegir a otro ministro-presidente. [1] El 4 de marzo se llevó a cabo una segunda votación y Bodo Ramelow fue reelegido como Ministro-Presidente con las abstenciones de la CDU y el FDP. [2]
Fecha de elección
De acuerdo con el artículo 18 de la Ley electoral de Turingia para el Landtag , [3] la elección del Landtag debe tener lugar en domingo o día festivo como mínimo 57 meses después del comienzo de la actual legislatura el 14 de octubre de 2014 [4] y en como muy tarde 61 meses después, es decir, como muy pronto el 21 de julio de 2019 y como muy tarde el 10 de noviembre de 2019. [5] El 28 de agosto de 2018, el gobierno del Land de Turingia anunció que las elecciones se celebrarían el 27 de octubre de 2019. [6]
Las encuestas de opinión
Resumen gráfico
Encuesta de partido
Firma de encuestas | Fecha de trabajo de campo | Tamaño de la muestra | CDU | Linke | SPD | AfD | Grüne | NPD | FDP | Otros | Dirigir |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Elecciones estatales de 2019 | 27 de oct de 2019 | - | 21,7 | 31.0 | 8.2 | 23,4 | 5.2 | 0,5 | 5,0 | 4.9 | 7,6 |
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen | 23-24 de octubre de 2019 | 1,177 | 26 | 28 | 9 | 21 | 7 | - | 5 | 4 | 2 |
Civey | Del 25 de septiembre al 23 de octubre de 2019 | 3,029 | 22,9 | 30,2 | 8.2 | 23,2 | 7.4 | - | 5,0 | 3.1 | 7.0 |
INSA | 14-21 de octubre de 2019 | 1.010 | 24 | 28 | 9 | 24 | 8 | - | 5 | 2 | 4 |
Infratest dimap | 14-16 de octubre de 2019 | 1,001 | 24 | 29 | 8 | 24 | 7 | - | 4 | 4 | 5 |
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen | 14-16 de octubre de 2019 | 1,004 | 26 | 27 | 9 | 20 | 8 | - | 5 | 5 | 1 |
Civey | 2-26 de septiembre de 2019 | 3,035 | 24,2 | 25,3 | 8.4 | 22,3 | 9.2 | - | 5,0 | 5.8 | 1.1 |
INSA | 16-23 de septiembre de 2019 | 1.010 | 23 | 29 | 9 | 24 | 9 | - | 4 | 2 | 5 |
Infratest dimap | 10-14 de septiembre de 2019 | 1,001 | 22 | 28 | 7 | 25 | 8 | - | 5 | 5 | 3 |
INSA | 12-19 de agosto de 2019 | 1,009 | 24 | 26 | 9 | 21 | 11 | - | 4 | 5 | 2 |
Infratest dimap | 24-29 de julio de 2019 | 1,001 | 21 | 25 | 8 | 24 | 11 | - | 5 | 6 | 1 |
INSA | 18-24 de junio de 2019 | 1,005 | 26 | 24 | 10 | 20 | 10 | - | 5 | 5 | 2 |
Civey | 15 de mayo a 12 de junio de 2019 | 2,981 | 26,5 | 20,8 | 9,6 | 22,5 | 10.1 | - | 5.2 | 5.3 | 4.0 |
Elecciones europeas de 2019 | 26 de mayo de 2019 | - | 24,7 | 13,8 | 11,0 | 22,5 | 8,6 | 1.0 | 4.4 | 15.0 | 2.2 |
INSA | 21-24 de mayo de 2019 | 1.029 | 26 | 25 | 11 | 20 | 8 | - | 5 | 5 | 1 |
INSA | 11-22 de abril de 2019 | 1,001 | 27 | 25 | 10 | 19 | 7 | - | 6 | 6 | 2 |
Civey | Del 19 de marzo al 16 de abril de 2019 | 1.320 | 28,6 | 24,3 | 11,0 | 19,5 | 7.3 | - | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.3 |
INSA | 19-25 de marzo de 2019 | 1,008 | 27 | 24 | 10 | 20 | 8 | - | 5 | 6 | 3 |
Infratest dimap | 19-23 de marzo de 2019 | 1,005 | 28 | 24 | 11 | 20 | 8 | - | 5 | 4 | 4 |
INSA | 22 de octubre a 17 de noviembre de 2018 | 1.000 | 23 | 22 | 12 | 22 | 12 | - | 6 | 3 | 1 |
Infratest dimap | 20-25 de agosto de 2018 | 1.000 | 30 | 22 | 10 | 23 | 6 | - | 5 | 4 | 7 |
INSA | 29 de mayo a 1 de junio de 2018 | 1.028 | 31 | 26 | 10 | 18 | 6 | - | 5 | 4 | 5 |
INSA | 9-19 de febrero de 2018 | 1,267 | 32 | 24 | 10 | 18 | 7 | - | 5 | 4 | 8 |
INSA | 9 a 13 de octubre de 2017 | 1,002 | 31 | 20 | 13 | 20 | 4 | - | 7 | 5 | 11 |
Elecciones federales de 2017 | 24 septiembre 2017 | - | 28,8 | 16,9 | 13,2 | 22.7 | 4.1 | 1.2 | 7.8 | 5.3 | 6.0 |
INSA | 24–28 Jul 2017 | 1,007 | 37 | 22 | 11 | 18 | 4 | – | 5 | 3 | 15 |
Infratest dimap | 12–17 Jun 2017 | 1,000 | 37 | 27 | 10 | 13 | 5 | – | 4 | 4 | 10 |
INSA | 5–11 Apr 2017 | 1,005 | 33 | 22 | 15 | 19 | 5 | – | 4 | 2 | 11 |
INSA | 15–25 Nov 2016 | 1,002 | 31 | 23 | 13 | 20 | 6 | – | 4 | 3 | 8 |
Infratest dimap | 15–19 Nov 2016 | 1,000 | 32 | 23 | 12 | 21 | 6 | – | 3 | 3 | 9 |
INSA | 17–21 Jun 2016 | 1,001 | 31.5 | 26 | 11.5 | 17.5 | 7 | – | 3.5 | 3 | 5.5 |
Infratest dimap | 10–15 Jun 2016 | 1,701 | 32 | 25 | 11 | 19 | 7 | – | – | 6 | 7 |
INSA | 4–12 Apr 2016 | 1,000 | 31 | 26.5 | 13 | 15 | 8.5 | – | 4 | 2 | 4.5 |
INSA | 4–11 Jan 2016 | 1,002 | 33.5 | 27 | 14.5 | 13.5 | 7 | – | – | 4.5 | 6.5 |
INSA | 7–12 Oct 2015 | 1,017 | 35.5 | 24.5 | 15.5 | 12 | 6.5 | – | – | 6 | 11 |
Infratest dimap | 9–14 Sep 2015 | 1,000 | 35 | 27 | 13 | 9 | 7 | 4 | – | 5 | 8 |
INSA | 1–6 Jul 2015 | 1,006 | 38 | 30 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
Infratest dimap | 28 May–1 Jun 2015 | 1,002 | 34 | 27 | 14 | 8 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 7 |
INSA | 23–27 Mar 2015 | 1,004 | 38 | 28 | 11 | 7 | 7 | – | 3 | 6 | 10 |
INSA | 26 Jan–2 Feb 2015 | 1,000 | 40 | 29 | 11 | 10 | 6 | – | – | 4 | 11 |
2014 state election | 14 Sep 2014 | – | 33.5 | 28.2 | 12.4 | 10.6 | 5.7 | 3.6 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 5.3 |
Resultado de la elección
Party | Constituency | Party list | Total seats | +/- | Seats % | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | +/- | Seats | Votes | % | +/- | Seats | |||||
The Left (Die Linke) | 283,589 | 25.8 | 3.6 | 11 | 343,780 | 31.0 | 2.8 | 18 | 29 | 1 | 32.2 | |
Alternative for Germany (AfD) | 242,221 | 22.0 | 19.8 | 11 | 259,382 | 23.4 | 12.8 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 24.4 | |
Christian Democratic Union (CDU) | 299,438 | 27.2 | 10.5 | 21 | 241,049 | 21.7 | 11.8 | 0 | 21 | 13 | 23.3 | |
Social Democratic Party (SPD) | 119,185 | 10.8 | 4.8 | 1 | 90,987 | 8.2 | 4.2 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 8.9 | |
Alliance 90/The Greens (Grüne) | 71,682 | 6.5 | 0.5 | 0 | 57,474 | 5.2 | 0.5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5.6 | |
Free Democratic Party (FDP) | 59,047 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 0 | 55,493 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5.6 | |
Die PARTEI (PARTEI) | – | – | 0.0 | – | 12,524 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | ±0 | 0 | |
Tierschutz hier! | – | – | – | 11,936 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 | ±0 | 0 | ||
National Democratic Party (NPD) | – | – | 4.6 | – | 6,044 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 0 | 0 | ±0 | 0 | |
Gray Panther | – | – | – | 5,916 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | ±0 | 0 | ||
Partei für Gesundheitsforschung | – | – | New | – | 5,339 | 0.5 | New | 0 | 0 | New | 0 | |
ÖDP / Familie | 1,084 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 4,833 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | ±0 | 0 | |
Pirate Party Germany (Piraten) | 436 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0 | 4,044 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | ±0 | 0 | |
Marxist-Leninist Party of Germany (MLPD) | 2,354 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 | 2,945 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | ±0 | 0 | |
Basic Income Alliance (BGE) | – | – | New | – | 2,700 | 0.2 | New | 0 | 0 | New | 0 | |
DIE DIREKTE! | – | – | New | – | 2,362 | 0.2 | New | 0 | 0 | New | 0 | |
Blaue #TeamPetry Thüringen | – | – | New | – | 856 | 0.1 | New | 0 | 0 | New | 0 | |
Communist Party of Germany (KPD) | – | – | – | 724 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | ±0 | 0 | ||
Other | 21,004 | 1.9 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | ±0 | 0 | ||
Valid votes | 1,100,040 | 98.0 | 1,108,388 | 98.8 | ||||||||
Blank and invalid votes | 21,774 | 2.0 | 13,426 | 1.2 | ||||||||
Total | 1,121,814 | 100.0 | 44 | 1,121,814 | 100.0 | 46 | 90 | 1 | ||||
Electorate/voter turnout | 1,729,242 | 64.9 | 12.2 | 1,729,242 | 64.9 | 12.2 | ||||||
Source: Thüringer Landesamt für Statistik |
The Left became the strongest party in a state election for the first time since German reunification. The FDP won seats in an eastern state parliament for the first time since the 2009 Brandenburg state election. Whether the FDP would pass the 5% electoral threshold was unclear for much of election night, but the preliminary results showed them entering the Landtag by a margin of just six votes. This increased to 73 votes in the final results announced on 7 November.
The AfD doubled its performance from 10.6% and 11 seats to 23.4% and 22 seats. The CDU, which had been the largest party in Thuringia since the state's first election in 1990 and had governed uninterrupted until 2014, suffered its worst ever result. It lost more than 11 percentage points and fell to third place, winning just 22.5% of the vote; clearly missing its goal of returning to the head of the Thuringian government. The Greens' federal co-leader Annalena Baerbock said she was disappointed with her party's performance, an anomaly among a string of record-breaking results achieved by the party since late 2018, and that the election reinforced the need to invest more time and energy in civil society in eastern Germany. She stated she was "devastated" by the huge gains made by the AfD, referring to the party as "fascistic". The AfD was described as such at various times in the aftermath of the election by both participants and observers. This was particularly true of their state leader Björn Höcke due to his comments and publications, as well as a recent court ruling which stated that the description of Höcke as a fascist "rests on verifiable fact".
Formación de gobierno
The red-red-green coalition of The Left, the SPD, and The Greens which previously governed the state lost their majority in the legislature, and are a total of four seats short. The CDU ruled out cooperation with the Left, and all parties ruled out any cooperation with AfD.
An open letter published on 5 November, signed by 17 state CDU members, caused controversy. The letter urged the CDU to hold discussions with "all democratically elected parties" in the Landtag before ruling out any coalition partnerships, and was criticized by members of the national CDU and other parties, who interpreted it as a veiled call to work with AfD. Earlier in the week, deputy state party leader Michael Heym also publicly suggested exploring the possibility of a CDU–AfD–FDP coalition.[7]
The result provided for two possible majority governments not including AfD: a Left–CDU coalition (also potentially including the SPD and/or Greens), or a Left–SPD–Green–FDP coalition. The former would be ideologically unwieldy but command a stable majority, while the latter had only been tried on local level, and would only hold a slim majority of two seats. Both were considered infeasible due to ideological differences and pledges made by both the CDU and FDP not to work with The Left. Minister-President Ramelow invited CDU leader Mohring to formal exploratory talks during the week of 4 November, but withdrew the invitation on 9 November, claiming Mohring had violated discretion by publicly displaying text messages between them. At the same time, CDU state leader Raymond Walk reiterated his party's rejection of any partnership with the Left.[8]
Election of Kemmerich
After the breakdown of coalition talks, Ramelow announced his intention to continue leading a red-red-green minority government. At the opening of parliament on 5 February 2020, Ramelow stood for election as Minister-President, while the AfD nominated independent local mayor Christoph Kindervater. The election process involves two ballots in which a candidate requires an absolute majority (46 affirmative votes) to be elected, after which a third and final ballot requires only a plurality. FDP leader Thomas Kemmerich announced he would also stand on this third ballot if one were held. Ramelow received 43 votes on the first ballot and 44 on the second, short of a majority. Kindervater received 25 votes on the first ballot and 22 on the second. The FDP and CDU abstained from both the first and second ballots. Kemmerich entered the contest on the third ballot. He received the support of the CDU, FDP, and AfD, being elected with 45 votes, while Ramelow received 44.
Minister-President election | ||||
Ballot → | 5 February 2020 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Required majority → | 46 out of 90 | 46 out of 90 | Plurality | |
Bodo Ramelow | 43 / 90 | 44 / 90 | 44 / 90 | |
Christoph Kindervater | 25 / 90 | 22 / 90 | 0 / 90 | |
Thomas Kemmerich | Did not run | Did not run | 45 / 90 | |
Abstentions | 22 / 90 | 24 / 90 | 1 / 90 |
This was highly unexpected, as neither the CDU or AfD had publicly expressed any intention to support Kemmerich. The CDU was expected to abstain on the third ballot as it did on the first two. The AfD did not withdraw their candidate Kindervater on the third ballot; he stood, but received no votes.
This marked the first time a state head of government had been elected with the support of the AfD. The leftist parties as well as some within the federal FDP sharply criticized the CDU for breaking the cordon sanitaire surrounding the AfD. Previously, there had been a general agreement among all other parties that the AfD should be denied any influence in government, and should not be negotiated nor worked with on any level. The apparent cooperation between the three parties in Thuringia was viewed as having broken this agreement. CDU leader Mohring stated that his party supported Kemmerich as a centrist compromise candidate, reiterated that they would not work with AfD, and called on Kemmerich to make clear the AfD would not be invited into any governing coalition, though this would also leave Kemmerich with no workable bloc with which to govern.[9] The Left and Greens immediately ruled out working with Kemmerich, and called for new elections.[10]
Outgoing Minister-President Ramelow drew parallels between AfD's role in Kemmerich's election and the rise of the Nazi Party. Protests were held in several German cities after the election, including in the Thuringian capital of Erfurt, where 1,000 protestors demonstrated outside the Landtag as Kemmerich delivered his acceptance speech.[11] Federal SPD leaders Norbert Walter-Borjans and Saskia Esken stated they would withdraw their party from the federal CDU–SPD government if Kemmerich did not resign immediately.[12]
Federal CDU leader Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer criticized the state CDU for "[acting] against the wishes" of the federal party, and raised the possibility of new elections as the "cleanest" way to break the deadlock.[13] In a later statement on Twitter, she asked state CDU legislators to abstain from participating in a Kemmerich cabinet and directly called for new elections.[10] Federal Chancellor Angela Merkel, on a state visit to South Africa when the vote took place, condemned it in a statement: "It was a bad day for democracy, a day that broke with the long and proud tradition of the CDU's values. This is in no way in line with what the CDU thinks, how we have acted throughout our party's existence."[1] Christian Hirte, federal commissioner for the new states of Germany, was dismissed from cabinet after tweeting his congratulations to Kemmerich after the election.[14]
A letter sent to Kemmerich by AfD leader Björn Höcke shortly after the 2019 election led to speculation that AfD's support for Kemmerich was planned and coordinated. In the letter, Höcke offered AfD support for either a non-partisan technocratic government or an FDP minority government.[15] Despite this, Kemmerich and his party denied having any knowledge of AfD's intentions.[1]
On 8 February, Kemmerich announced his resignation and stated his support for new elections.[16] According to state law, a motion to dissolve parliament and call snap elections would require a one-third majority (30 votes) to come to the floor and a two-thirds majority (60 votes) to pass; a vote of confidence on the Minister-President would require 46 votes to pass or result in a new Minister-President election upon failure.[10] Despite his resignation, Kemmerich remained in office in a caretaker capacity until the Landtag could hold a new election for Minister-President.
Election of Ramelow
The Left and CDU held talks on 17 February, seeking to resolve the crisis. Bodo Ramelow suggested that former CDU Minister-President Christine Lieberknecht lead a three-member transitional cabinet which would serve until a new election was held, which he suggested should take place 70 days later. The CDU rejected this prospect, stating that a full cabinet should take office and that a state budget should be passed before new elections are held.
Following further discussions, The Left, CDU, SPD, and Greens announced on 21 February 2020 that they had reached an agreement to hold a new election for Minister-President on 4 March 2020, and a new state election on 25 April 2021. The four parties stated they would support Bodo Ramelow for Minister-President, and that he will lead an interim government for the next 13 months until the election is held. This government will comprise the same red-red-green arrangement which governed Thuringia from 2014 to February 2020, but will not seek to pass a budget before the election.[17] Between them, the four parties held 63 of the 90 seats in the Landtag (70%), more than the two-thirds required to dissolve the Landtag and trigger an early election.
On 2 March, Björn Höcke announced his candidacy for Minister-President in the upcoming vote. In response, an FDP spokesperson said that the FDP may not attend the vote, stating: "We reject both candidates and also don't wish to abstain. In which case our only remaining possibility is to not being physically present at the election." The leadership of the Young Union, the youth branch of the CDU, also announced its opposition to CDU support for either candidate. However, the Thuringia CDU stated it intended to be present at the vote.[18]
On 4 March, Bodo Ramelow was elected Minister-President by the Landtag after three rounds of voting. In the first two rounds, The Left, SPD, and Greens voted for Ramelow, while AfD voted for Höcke, the CDU abstained, and the FDP did not vote or abstain. In the third round, Höcke withdrew, and Ramelow was elected with 43 in favour, 23 against, and 20 abstentions.[19]
Minister-President election | ||||
Ballot → | 4 March 2020 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Required majority → | 46 out of 90 | 46 out of 90 | Plurality | |
Bodo Ramelow | 42 / 90 | 42 / 90 | 42 / 90 | |
Björn Höcke | 22 / 90 | 22 / 90 | Did not run | |
Against | N/A | 23 / 90 | ||
Abstentions | 26 / 90 | 26 / 90 | 20 / 90 |
Notas
- ^ Ran in Eichsfeld I (lost).
- ^ Ran in Erfurt III (lost).
- ^ Ran in Gera II (lost).
- ^ Ran in Jena I (lost).
- ^ Ran in Erfurt III (lost).
- ^ Kemmerich did not seek to assemble a cabinet, and left office having appointed no ministers.
Referencias
- ^ a b c d "Germany AfD: Thuringia PM quits amid fury over far right". BBC. 8 February 2020.
- ^ "Germany's Thuringia gets left-wing state premier in re-run vote". 4 March 2020.
- ^ landesrecht.thueringen.de
- ^ Konstituierende Sitzung des 6. Landtags, auf thueringer-landtag.de
- ^ Wahltermine in Thüringen, auf wahlen.thueringen.de
- ^ Landtagswahl in Thüringen soll am 27. Oktober 2019 stattfinden, auf thueringer-allgemeine.de, abgerufen am 28. August 2018.
- ^ "Could Merkel's Christian Democrats really work with the far-right AfD?". www.thelocal.de. 5 November 2019.
- ^ "Kein Treffen von CDU-Chef mit Ramelow". Süddeutsche.de (in German). DPA. 9 November 2019.
- ^ Kohrs, Camilla (5 February 2020). "Thüringen: FDP-Mann Kemmerich ist Ministerpräsident". Süddeutsche.de (in German).
- ^ a b c "Reaktionen auf Kemmerichs Wahl: "Das Beste wären Neuwahlen"". tagesschau.de (in German). 5 February 2020.
- ^ "Desolation and hope in German city of Erfurt after far-right vote". Deutsche Welle. 9 February 2020.
- ^ "Merkel Just Gave Her Party Chief a Lesson in Crisis Management". Bloomberg. 8 February 2020.
- ^ "Landtag: Kramp-Karrenbauer: Thüringer CDU handelte gegen unseren Willen". Die Zeit (in German). 5 February 2020.
- ^ "Germany AfD: Merkel fires minister over far right row". BBC News. 8 February 2020.
- ^ "Nach Landtagswahl: Höcke wirbt für Regierung mit AfD-Unterstützung". mdr.de. 6 November 2019.
- ^ "Germany AfD: Thuringia PM quits amid fury over far right". BBC. 8 February 2020.
- ^ "Troubled Thuringia gets fresh election dates". Deutsche Welle. 21 February 2020.
- ^ "Boycott threats after AfD fascist stands for Thuringia premier". The Guardian. 4 March 2020.
- ^ "Germany's Thuringia gets left-wing state premier in re-run vote". 4 March 2020.