38th United States Congress

38th United States Congress
37th ← → 39th
United States Capitol (1861)
March 4, 1863 – March 4, 1865
Members	52 senators 184 representatives 10 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority	Republican
Senate President	Hannibal Hamlin (R)
House Majority	Republican
House Speaker	Schuyler Colfax (R)
Sessions
Special: March 4, 1863 – March 14, 1863 1st: December 7, 1863 – July 4, 1864 2nd: December 5, 1864 – March 3, 1865

The 38th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1863, to March 4, 1865, during the last two years of the first administration of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House of Representatives had a Republican plurality.

Major events[edit]

American Civil War, which had started in 1861, continued through this Congress and ended later in 1865
January 8, 1863: Ground broken in Sacramento, California, on the construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad in the United States
November 19, 1863: Gettysburg Address
November 8, 1864: President Abraham Lincoln is reelected, defeating George McClellan.

Major legislation[edit]

April 22, 1864: Coinage Act of 1864, Sess. 1, ch. 66, 13 Stat. 54
June 30, 1864: Yosemite Valley Grant Act, Sess. 1, 16 Stat. 48
March 3, 1865: Freedmen's Bureau, Sess. 2, ch. 90, 13 Stat. 507

Major bills not enacted[edit]

Wade–Davis Bill passed both houses July 2, 1864 but Pocket vetoed

Constitutional amendments[edit]

January 31, 1865: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution abolishing slavery in the United States and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification 13 Stat. 567
- Amendment was later ratified on December 6, 1865, becoming the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Treaties ratified[edit]

February 9, 1865: Chippewa Indians, 13 Stat. 393

States admitted and territories organized[edit]

States[edit]

June 19, 1863: West Virginia admitted (formed from a portion of Virginia), 13 Stat. 731 (See also 12 Stat. 633)
October 31, 1864: Nevada admitted, 13 Stat. 749 (See also 13 Stat. 30)

Territories[edit]

May 26, 1864: Montana Territory organized, Sess. 1, ch. 95, 13 Stat. 85

States in rebellion[edit]

The Confederacy fielded armies and sustained the rebellion into a second Congress, but the Union did not accept secession and secessionists were not eligible for Congress. Elections held in Missouri and Kentucky seated all members to the House and Senate for the 38th Congress. Elections held among Unionists in Virginia, Tennessee and Louisiana were marred by disruption resulting in turnouts that were so low compared with 1860, that Congress did not reseat the candidates with a majority of the votes cast.^[1]

In rebellion 1862–64 according to the Emancipation Proclamation were Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana (parts), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina and Virginia (parts). Tennessee was not held to be in rebellion as of the end of 1862.^[2]

Party summary[edit]

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate[edit]

During this Congress, two seats were added for each of the new states of Nevada and West Virginia, thereby adding four new seats.

	Party (shading shows control)				Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)	Unionist (U)	UnconditionalUnionist (UU)
End of previous congress	11	30	7	0	48	20

Begin	10	31	4	3	48	20
End	10	33	3	4	50	22
Final voting share	20.0%	66.0%	6.0%	8.0%

Beginning of next congress	11	37	0	1	49	23

House of Representatives[edit]

House seats by party holding plurality in state
Over 80% Democratic	Over 80% Republican
60+% to 80% Democratic	60+% to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

Before this Congress, the 1860 United States Census and resulting reapportionment changed the size of the House to 241 members. During this Congress, one seat was added for the new state of Nevada, and three seats were reapportioned from Virginia to the new state of West Virginia.

	Party (shading shows control)						Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)	IndependentRepublican (IR)	Unionist (U)	UnconditionalUnionist (UU)	Other
End of previous congress	45	106	0	30	0	2	183	57

Begin	72	85	2	9	12	0	180	61
End	72	84	2	9	16	0	183	59
Final voting share	39.3%	45.9%	1.1%	4.9%	8.7%	0.0%

Beginning of next congress	40	132	1	4	14	0	191	51

Leadership[edit]

President of the Senate
Hannibal Hamlin

Senate[edit]

President: Hannibal Hamlin (R)
President pro tempore: Solomon Foot (R), until April 13, 1864
- Daniel Clark (R), elected April 26, 1864

Majority (Republican) leadership[edit]

Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony

House of Representatives[edit]

Speaker: Schuyler Colfax (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership[edit]

Republican Conference Chairman: Justin S. Morrill
Chairman, Committee on Ways and Means: Thaddeus Stevens (R)

Members[edit]

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate[edit]

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1866.

Alabama[edit]

2. Vacant
3. Vacant

Arkansas[edit]

2. Vacant
3. Vacant

California[edit]

1. John Conness (R)
3. James A. McDougall (D)

Connecticut[edit]

1. James Dixon (R)
3. La Fayette S. Foster (R)

Delaware[edit]

1. James A. Bayard, Jr. (D), until January 29, 1864
- George R. Riddle (D), from February 2, 1864
2. Willard Saulsbury, Sr. (D)

Florida[edit]

1. Vacant
3. Vacant

Georgia[edit]

2. Vacant
3. Vacant

Illinois[edit]

2. William A. Richardson (D)
3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

Indiana[edit]

1. Thomas A. Hendricks (D)
3. Henry S. Lane (R)

Iowa[edit]

2. James W. Grimes (R)
3. James Harlan (R)

Kansas[edit]

2. James H. Lane (R)
3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)

Kentucky[edit]

2. Lazarus W. Powell (D)
3. Garrett Davis (U)

Louisiana[edit]

2. Vacant
3. Vacant

Maine[edit]

1. Lot M. Morrill (R)
2. William P. Fessenden (R), until July 1, 1864
- Nathan A. Farwell (R), from October 27, 1864

Maryland[edit]

1. Reverdy Johnson (U)
3. Thomas H. Hicks (UU), until February 14, 1865

Massachusetts[edit]

1. Charles Sumner (R)
2. Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan[edit]

1. Zachariah Chandler (R)
2. Jacob M. Howard (R)

Minnesota[edit]

1. Alexander Ramsey (R)
2. Morton S. Wilkinson (R)

Mississippi[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant

Missouri[edit]

1. John B. Henderson (UU)
3. Robert Wilson (UU), until November 13, 1863
- B. Gratz Brown (UU), from November 13, 1863

Nevada[edit]

1. William M. Stewart (R), from February 1, 1865 (newly admitted state)
3. James W. Nye (R), from February 1, 1865 (newly admitted state)

New Hampshire[edit]

2. John P. Hale (R)
3. Daniel Clark (R)

New Jersey[edit]

1. William Wright (D)
2. John C. Ten Eyck (R)

New York[edit]

1. Edwin D. Morgan (R)
3. Ira Harris (R)

North Carolina[edit]

2. Vacant
3. Vacant

Ohio[edit]

1. Benjamin Wade (R)
3. John Sherman (R)

Oregon[edit]

2. Benjamin F. Harding (D)
3. James W. Nesmith (D)

Pennsylvania[edit]

1. Charles R. Buckalew (D)
3. Edgar Cowan (R)

Rhode Island[edit]

1. William Sprague (R)
2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

South Carolina[edit]

2. Vacant
3. Vacant

Tennessee[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant

Texas[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant

Vermont[edit]

1. Solomon Foot (R)
3. Jacob Collamer (R)

Virginia[edit]

1. Lemuel J. Bowden (U), died January 2, 1864, vacant thereafter
2. John S. Carlile (U)

West Virginia[edit]

1. Peter G. Van Winkle (UU), from August 4, 1863 (newly admitted state)
2. Waitman T. Willey (UU), from August 4, 1863 (newly admitted state)

Wisconsin[edit]

1. James R. Doolittle (R)
3. Timothy O. Howe (R)

Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 38th Congress in March 1863. Green stripes represent Unionists and gray stripes represent Unconditional Unionists. The Senators from Nevada and West Virginia were not seated until later in the Congress.

2 Democrats

1 Democrat and 1 Republican

2 Republicans

2 Unionists

2 Unconditional Unionists

Territories

President pro tempore Solomon Foot

President pro tempore Daniel Clark

House of Representatives[edit]

Alabama[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant
4. Vacant
5. Vacant
6. Vacant

Arkansas[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant

California[edit]

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

At-large. Cornelius Cole (R)
At-large. William Higby (R)
At-large. Thomas B. Shannon (R)

Connecticut[edit]

1. Henry C. Deming (R)
2. James E. English (D)
3. Augustus Brandegee (R)
4. John H. Hubbard (R)

Delaware[edit]

At-large. William Temple (D), until May 28, 1863
- Nathaniel B. Smithers (UU), from December 7, 1863

Florida[edit]

At-large. Vacant

Georgia[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant
4. Vacant
5. Vacant
6. Vacant
7. Vacant

Illinois[edit]

1. Isaac N. Arnold (R)
2. John F. Farnsworth (R)
3. Elihu B. Washburne (R)
4. Charles M. Harris (D)
5. Owen Lovejoy (R), until March 25, 1864
- Ebon C. Ingersoll (R), from May 20, 1864
6. Jesse O. Norton (R)
7. John R. Eden (D)
8. John T. Stuart (D)
9. Lewis W. Ross (D)
10. Anthony L. Knapp (D)
11. James C. Robinson (D)
12. William R. Morrison (D)
13. William J. Allen (D)
At-large. James C. Allen (D)

Indiana[edit]

1. John Law (D)
2. James A. Cravens (D)
3. Henry W. Harrington (D)
4. William S. Holman (D)
5. George W. Julian (R)
6. Ebenezer Dumont (R)
7. Daniel W. Voorhees (D)
8. Godlove S. Orth (R)
9. Schuyler Colfax (R)
10. Joseph K. Edgerton (D)
11. James F. McDowell (D)

Iowa[edit]

1. James F. Wilson (R)
2. Hiram Price (R)
3. William B. Allison (R)
4. Josiah B. Grinnell (R)
5. John A. Kasson (R)
6. Asahel W. Hubbard (R)

Kansas[edit]

At-large. A. Carter Wilder (R)

Kentucky[edit]

1. Lucien Anderson (UU)
2. George H. Yeaman (U)
3. Henry Grider (U)
4. Aaron Harding (U)
5. Robert Mallory (U)
6. Green C. Smith (UU)
7. Brutus J. Clay (U)
8. William H. Randall (UU)
9. William H. Wadsworth (U)

Louisiana[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant
4. Vacant
5. Vacant

Maine[edit]

1. Lorenzo D.M. Sweat (D)
2. Sidney Perham (R)
3. James G. Blaine (R)
4. John H. Rice (R)
5. Frederick A. Pike (R)

Maryland[edit]

1. John A. J. Creswell (UU)
2. Edwin H. Webster (UU)
3. Henry Winter Davis (UU)
4. Francis Thomas (UU)
5. Benjamin G. Harris (D)

Massachusetts[edit]

1. Thomas D. Eliot (R)
2. Oakes Ames (R)
3. Alexander H. Rice (R)
4. Samuel Hooper (R)
5. John B. Alley (R)
6. Daniel W. Gooch (R)
7. George S. Boutwell (R)
8. John D. Baldwin (R)
9. William B. Washburn (R)
10. Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan[edit]

1. Fernando C. Beaman (R)
2. Charles Upson (R)
3. John W. Longyear (R)
4. Francis W. Kellogg (R)
5. Augustus C. Baldwin (D)
6. John F. Driggs (R)

Minnesota[edit]

1. William Windom (R)
2. Ignatius L. Donnelly (R)

Mississippi[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant
4. Vacant
5. Vacant

Missouri[edit]

1. Francis P. Blair, Jr. (R), until June 10, 1864
- Samuel Knox (UU), from June 10, 1864
2. Henry T. Blow (UU)
3. John W. Noell (UU), until March 14, 1863
- John G. Scott (D), from December 7, 1863
4. Sempronius H. Boyd (UU)
5. Joseph W. McClurg (UU)
6. Austin A. King (U)
7. Benjamin F. Loan (UU)
8. William A. Hall (U)
9. James S. Rollins (U)

Nevada[edit]

At-large. Henry G. Worthington (R), from October 31, 1864 (newly admitted state)

New Hampshire[edit]

1. Daniel Marcy (D)
2. Edward H. Rollins (R)
3. James W. Patterson (R)

New Jersey[edit]

1. John F. Starr (R)
2. George Middleton (D)
3. William G. Steele (D)
4. Andrew J. Rogers (D)
5. Nehemiah Perry (D)

New York[edit]

1. Henry G. Stebbins (D), until October 24, 1864
- Dwight Townsend (D), from December 5, 1864
2. Martin Kalbfleisch (D)
3. Moses F. Odell (D)
4. Benjamin Wood (D)
5. Fernando Wood (D)
6. Elijah Ward (D)
7. John W. Chanler (D)
8. James Brooks (D)
9. Anson Herrick (D)
10. William Radford (D)
11. Charles H. Winfield (D)
12. Homer A. Nelson (D)
13. John B. Steele (D)
14. Erastus Corning (D), until October 5, 1863
- John V. L. Pruyn (D), from December 7, 1863
15. John Augustus Griswold (D)
16. Orlando Kellogg (R)
17. Calvin T. Hulburd (R)
18. James M. Marvin (R)
19. Samuel F. Miller (R)
20. Ambrose W. Clark (R)
21. Francis Kernan (D)
22. DeWitt C. Littlejohn (R)
23. Thomas T. Davis (R)
24. Theodore M. Pomeroy (R)
25. Daniel Morris (R)
26. Giles W. Hotchkiss (R)
27. Robert B. Van Valkenburgh (R)
28. Freeman Clarke (R)
29. Augustus Frank (R)
30. John Ganson (D)
31. Reuben E. Fenton (R), until December 20, 1864

North Carolina[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant
4. Vacant
5. Vacant
6. Vacant
7. Vacant

Ohio[edit]

1. George H. Pendleton (D)
2. Alexander Long (D)
3. Robert C. Schenck (R)
4. John F. McKinney (D)
5. Francis C. Le Blond (D)
6. Chilton A. White (D)
7. Samuel S. Cox (D)
8. William Johnston (D)
9. Warren P. Noble (D)
10. James M. Ashley (R)
11. Wells A. Hutchins (D)
12. William E. Finck (D)
13. John O'Neill (D)
14. George Bliss (D)
15. James R. Morris (D)
16. Joseph W. White (D)
17. Ephraim R. Eckley (R)
18. Rufus P. Spalding (R)
19. James A. Garfield (R)

Oregon[edit]

At-large. John R. McBride (R)

Pennsylvania[edit]

1. Samuel J. Randall (D)
2. Charles O'Neill (R)
3. Leonard Myers (R)
4. William D. Kelley (R)
5. M. Russell Thayer (R)
6. John D. Stiles (D)
7. John M. Broomall (R)
8. Sydenham E. Ancona (D)
9. Thaddeus Stevens (R)
10. Myer Strouse (D)
11. Philip Johnson (D)
12. Charles Denison (D)
13. Henry W. Tracy (IR)
14. William H. Miller (D)
15. Joseph Bailey (D)
16. Alexander H. Coffroth (D)
17. Archibald McAllister (D)
18. James T. Hale (IR)
19. Glenni W. Scofield (R)
20. Amos Myers (R)
21. John L. Dawson (D)
22. James K. Moorhead (R)
23. Thomas Williams (R)
24. Jesse Lazear (D)

Rhode Island[edit]

1. Thomas Jenckes (R)
2. Nathan F. Dixon, Jr. (R)

South Carolina[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant
4. Vacant

Tennessee[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant
4. Vacant
5. Vacant
6. Vacant
7. Vacant
8. Vacant

Texas[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant
4. Vacant

Vermont[edit]

1. Frederick E. Woodbridge (R)
2. Justin S. Morrill (R)
3. Portus Baxter (R)

Virginia[edit]

1. Vacant
2. Vacant
3. Vacant
4. Vacant
5. Vacant
6. Vacant
7. Vacant
8. Vacant
9. Vacant, moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863
10. Vacant, moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863
11. Vacant, moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863

West Virginia[edit]

1. Jacob B. Blair (UU), from December 7, 1863 (newly admitted state)
2. William G. Brown, Sr. (UU), from December 7, 1863 (newly admitted state)
3. Kellian Whaley (UU), from December 7, 1863 (newly admitted state)

Wisconsin[edit]

1. James S. Brown (D)
2. Ithamar C. Sloan (R)
3. Amasa Cobb (R)
4. Charles A. Eldredge (D)
5. Ezra Wheeler (D)
6. Walter D. McIndoe (R)

Non-voting members[edit]

Arizona Territory. Charles D. Poston (R), from December 5, 1864
Colorado Territory. Hiram P. Bennet (R)
Dakota Territory. William Jayne, until June 17, 1864
- John B. S. Todd (D), from June 17, 1864
Idaho Territory. William H. Wallace (R), from February 1, 1864
Montana Territory. Samuel McLean (D), from January 6, 1865
Nebraska Territory. Samuel G. Daily (R)
Nevada Territory. Gordon N. Mott (R), until October 31, 1864
New Mexico Territory. Francisco Perea (R)
Utah Territory. John F. Kinney (D)
Washington Territory. George E. Cole (D)

Speaker of the House
Schuyler Colfax

Group photo of the U.S. House of Representatives, in 1863, during this Congress.

Changes in membership[edit]

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate[edit]

Replacements: 2
- Democratic: no net change
- Republican: no net change
- Unionist: no net change
- Unconditional Union: no net change
Deaths: 1
Resignations: 2
Interim appointments: 1
Seats of newly admitted states: 4
Total seats with changes: 4

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation^[a]
West Virginia (1)	New seat	West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Its first Senators were elected August 4, 1863.	Peter G. Van Winkle (UU)	August 4, 1863
West Virginia (2)	New seat	West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Its first Senators were elected August 4, 1863.	Waitman T. Willey (UU)	August 4, 1863
Missouri (3)	Robert Wilson (UU)	Successor elected for Sen. Waldo P. Johnson November 13, 1863.	B. Gratz Brown (UU)	November 13, 1863
Virginia (1)	Lemuel J. Bowden (U)	Died January 2, 1864.	Vacant	Not filled this Congress
Delaware (1)	James A. Bayard, Jr. (D)	Resigned January 29, 1864, for unknown reasons. Successor elected January 29, 1864.	George R. Riddle (D)	February 2, 1864
Maine (2)	William P. Fessenden (R)	Resigned July 1, 1864, to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. Successor appointed October 27, 1864, to finish the term.	Nathan A. Farwell (R)	October 27, 1864
Nevada (1)	New seat	Nevada admitted to the Union October 31, 1864. Its first Senators were elected February 1, 1865.	William M. Stewart (R)	February 1, 1865
Nevada (3)	New seat	Nevada admitted to the Union October 31, 1864. Its first Senators were elected February 1, 1865.	James W. Nye (R)	February 1, 1865
Maryland (3)	Thomas H. Hicks (UU)	Died February 14, 1865.	Vacant	Not filled this Congress.

House of Representatives[edit]

Replacements: 6
- Democratic: no net change
- Republican: no net change
- Unionist: no net change
- Unconditional Union: no net change
Deaths: 3
Resignations: 3
Contested election: 1
Seats of newly admitted seats: 4
Total seats with changes: 7

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation^[a]
Arizona Territory At-large	Vacant	Territory organized in previous congress. Seat remained vacant until December 5, 1864.	Charles D. Poston (R)	December 5, 1864
Missouri 3rd	John W. Noell (UU)	Died March 14, 1863.	John G. Scott (D)	December 7, 1863
Delaware At-large	William Temple (D)	Died May 28, 1863.	Nathaniel B. Smithers (UU)	December 7, 1863
New York 14th	Erastus Corning (D)	Resigned October 5, 1863.	John V. L. Pruyn (D)	December 7, 1863
West Virginia 1st	New State	West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Seat remained vacant until December 7, 1863.	Jacob B. Blair (UU)	December 7, 1863
West Virginia 2nd	New State	West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Seat remained vacant until December 7, 1863.	William G. Brown, Sr. (UU)	December 7, 1863
West Virginia 3rd	New State	West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Seat remained vacant until December 7, 1863.	Kellian Whaley (UU)	December 7, 1863
Idaho Territory At-large	New Territory	Territory organized February 1, 1864.	William H. Wallace (R)	February 1, 1864
Illinois 5th	Owen Lovejoy (R)	Died March 25, 1864.	Ebon C. Ingersoll (R)	May 20, 1864
Montana Territory At-large	New Territory	Territory organized May 26, 1864. Seat remained vacant until January 6, 1865.	Samuel McLean (D)	January 6, 1865
Missouri 1st	Francis P. Blair, Jr. (R)	Lost contested election June 10, 1864	Samuel Knox (UU)	June 10, 1864
Dakota Territory At-large	William Jayne	Lost contested election June 17, 1864	John B. S. Todd (D)	June 17, 1864
New York 1st	Henry G. Stebbins (D)	Resigned October 24, 1864.	Dwight Townsend (D)	December 5, 1864
Nevada Territory At-large	Gordon N. Mott (R)	Nevada achieved statehood October 31, 1864	District eliminated
Nevada At-large	New State	Nevada admitted to the Union October 31, 1864.	Henry G. Worthington (R)	October 31, 1864
New York 31st	Reuben Fenton (R)	Resigned December 20, 1864, after being elected Governor of New York.	Vacant	Not filled this Congress

Committees[edit]

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (2 links), in the directory after the pages of representatives biographies, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side is the chairman and on the right side is the ranking member.

Senate[edit]

Agriculture (John Sherman, Chair)
Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (James Dixon, Chair)
Claims (Daniel Clark, Chair)
Commerce (Zachariah Chandler, Chair)
Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
District of Columbia (James W. Grimes, Chair)
Engrossed Bills (Henry S. Lane, Chair)
Finance (William P. Fessenden, Chair)
Foreign Relations (Charles Sumner, Chair)
Indian Affairs (James Rood Doolittle, Chair)
Judiciary (Lyman Trumbull, Chair)
Manufactures (Zachariah Chandler, Chair)
Military Affairs (Henry Wilson, Chair)
Naval Affairs (John P. Hale, Chair)
Naval Supplies (Select)
Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
Overland Mail Service (Select)
Pacific Railroad (Select) (Jacob M. Howard, Chair)
Patents and the Patent Office (Edgar Cowan, Chair)
Pensions (La Fayette S. Foster, Chair)
Post Office and Post Roads (Jacob Collamer, Chair)
Private Land Claims (Ira Harris, Chair)
Public Buildings and Grounds (Solomon Foot, Chair)
Public Lands (James Harlan, Chair)
Retrenchment (N/A, Chair)
Revolutionary Claims (Morton S. Wilkinson, Chair)
Slavery and the Treatment of Freedmen (Select)
Tariff Regulation (Select)
Territories (Benjamin F. Wade, Chair)
Whole

House of Representatives[edit]

Accounts (Edward H. Rollins, Chair)
Agriculture (Brutus J. Clay, Chair)
Banking and Currency (N/A, Chair)
Bankrupt Law (Select)
Claims (James T. Hale, Chair)
Commerce (Elihu B. Washburne, Chair)
District of Columbia (Owen Lovejoy, Chair)
Elections (Henry L. Dawes, Chair)
Expenditures in the Interior Department (Thomas B. Shannon, Chair)
Expenditures in the Navy Department (Portus Baxter, Chair)
Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Theodore M. Pomeroy, Chair)
Expenditures in the State Department (Frederick A. Pike, Chair)
Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Amos Myers, Chair)
Expenditures in the War Department (Henry C. Deming, Chair)
Expenditures on Public Buildings (John W. Longyear, Chair)
Foreign Affairs (Henry Winter Davis, Chair)
Indian Affairs (William Windom, Chair)
Invalid Pensions (Kellian V. Whaley, Chair)
Judiciary (James F. Wilson, Chair)
Manufactures (James K. Moorhead, Chair)
Mileage (James C. Robinson, Chair)
Military Affairs (Robert C. Schenck, Chair)
Militia (Robert B. Van Valkenburgh, Chair)
Naval Affairs (Alexander H. Rice, Chair)
Patents (Thomas A. Jenckes, Chair)
Post Office and Post Roads (John B. Alley, Chair)
Private Land Claims (M. Russell Thayer, Chair)
Public Buildings and Grounds (John H. Rice, Chair)
Public Expenditures (Calvin T. Hulburd, Chair)
Public Lands (George W. Julian, Chair)
Revisal and Unfinished Business (Sempronius H. Boyd, Chair)
Revolutionary Claims (Hiram Price, Chair)
Revolutionary Pensions (Dewitt C. Littlejohn, Chair)
Roads and Canals (Isaac N. Arnold, Chair)
Rules (Select)
Standards of Official Conduct
Territories (James M. Ashley, Chair)
Ways and Means (Thaddeus Stevens, Chair)
Whole

Joint appointments[edit]

Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
Conduct of the War
Enrolled Bills (Sen. Timothy Howe, Chair)
The Library (Sen. Jacob Collamer, Chair)
Printing (Sen. Henry B. Anthony, Chair)
Senate Chamber and the Hall of the House of the Representatives

Caucuses[edit]

Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)

Employees[edit]

Legislative branch agency directors[edit]

Architect of the Capitol: Thomas U. Walter
Librarian of Congress: John Gould Stephenson, until 1864
- Ainsworth Rand Spofford, from 1864

Senate[edit]

Chaplain: Byron Sunderland (Presbyterian), until May 11, 1864
- Thomas Bowman (Methodist), elected May 11, 1864
Secretary: John W. Forney
Sergeant at Arms: George T. Brown

House of Representatives[edit]

Chaplain: William H. Channing (Unitarian)
Clerk: Emerson Etheridge, until December 7, 1863
- Edward McPherson, from December 7, 1863
Doorkeeper: Ira Goodnow
Messenger: Thaddeus Morrice
- William D. Todd
Postmaster: William S. King
Reading Clerks:[data unknown/missing]
Sergeant at Arms: Edward Ball, until December 7, 1863
- Nehemiah G. Ordway, from December 7, 1863

Notes[edit]

^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References[edit]

^ Martis, Kenneth C., "Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress: 1789–1989, 1989 ISBN 0-02-920170-5 p. 116.
^ Emancipation Proclamation text found at Emancipation Proclamation, "Featured Texts" online at the National Archives and Records Administration. Viewed April 14, 2014.

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links[edit]

Statutes at Large, 1789–1875
Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
U.S. House of Representatives: House History
U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
Congressional Directory for the 38th Congress, 1st Session.
Congressional Directory for the 38th Congress, 2nd Session (PDF).

[SuccessorInstallation-3] When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

[1] Martis, Kenneth C., "Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress: 1789–1989, 1989 ISBN 0-02-920170-5 p. 116.

[2] Emancipation Proclamation text found at Emancipation Proclamation, "Featured Texts" online at the National Archives and Records Administration. Viewed April 14, 2014.