Las Fuerzas Aliadas del Sur de Noruega (SONOR) era un comando de la OTAN encargado de la defensa del sur de Noruega . El área de responsabilidad de SONOR incluía toda Noruega con el territorio marítimo adyacente excluyendo los tres condados más al norte de Noruega , que estaban bajo las Fuerzas Aliadas del Norte de Noruega .
Fuerzas aliadas del sur de Noruega | |
---|---|
Activo | 1952-1994 |
Lealtad | Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte |
Parte de | Fuerzas aliadas del norte de Europa , Kolsås, Noruega |
Localización | Stavanger , Noruega |
Historia
Fuerzas Aliadas del Sur de Noruega (SONOR) y se activó en 1962 junto con las Fuerzas Aliadas del Norte de Noruega (NON) y las Fuerzas Aliadas en los enfoques bálticos . A diferencia de la mayoría de los otros comandos de la OTAN, SONOR estaba compuesto en su totalidad por miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas de Noruega . Su sede operativa estaba ubicada en Stavanger y hoy alberga el Centro de Guerra Conjunta de la OTAN . El comandante de SONOR tenía tres diputados: Comandante de las Fuerzas Terrestres del Sur de Noruega, Comandante de las Fuerzas Aéreas del Sur de Noruega y Comandante de las Fuerzas Navales del Sur de Noruega. Las unidades aliadas entrantes estarían bajo el mando de estos tres comandantes adjuntos. [1]
Estructura 1989
En caso de guerra SONOR tenía las siguientes unidades a su disposición:
- Fuerzas Aliadas del Sur de Noruega (SONOR), al mando de un teniente general noruego : [2]
Las Fuerzas Navales del Sur de Noruega (NAVSONOR) se encargaron de la defensa de las aguas costeras del sur de Noruega contra las incursiones navales soviéticas y los desembarcos anfibios. Las operaciones al sur de las aguas costeras de Noruega estaban bajo el mando del Canal de Mando Aliado de la OTAN y los Aproximaciones Bálticas de las Fuerzas Aliadas . [ cita requerida ] Por lo tanto, la mayoría de las principales unidades navales de la Armada Noruega habrían estado bajo otros comandos de la OTAN, con NAVSONOR reteniendo el control de las unidades de artillería costera y los barcos de defensa costera más pequeños. [ cita requerida ] NAVSONOR también envió un escuadrón de naves de ataque rápido a NAVNON en forma rotativa. [ cita requerida ]
- Comandante de las Fuerzas Navales del Sur de Noruega (NAVSONOR), comandado por un contralmirante noruego :
- Base naval de Fredriksvern cerca de Larvik
- Base naval de Haakonsvern en Bergen
- Base naval de Marvika en Kristiansand
- Artillería costera
- Condado de Nord-Trøndelag :
- Batería de torpedos de Ledangsholm en Statland en Namsenfjorden cubriendo la aproximación a Namsos
- Condado de Sør-Trøndelag :
- Agdenes Group en la desembocadura del Trondheimsfjord para proteger Trondheim
- Fuerte de Austrått en Opphaug (sin artillería en funcionamiento)
- Fuerte de Brettingen cerca de Fevåg
- Fuerte de Hambåra cerca de Vassbygda
- Fuerte de Hysnes en Hasselvika
- Batería de torpedos Sørviknes en Hasselvika
- Fuerte Kråkvåg con 3 cañones automáticos Tornautomatpjäs m / 70 de 120 mm
- Fuerte Tarva y estación de señales en la isla de Husøya
- Fuerte de Løkhaug en Løkhaug
- Agdenes Group en la desembocadura del Trondheimsfjord para proteger Trondheim
- Condado de Sogn og Fjordane :
- Fuerte de Nesje en Leirvik que cubre la entrada del fiordo Sognefjord
- Condado de Hordaland :
- Grupo fortaleza para cubrir el acceso norte a Bergen
- Herdla Torpedo de la batería en la isla de Herdla
- Fuerte Skjellanger con 2 cañones automáticos Tornpjäs m / 57 para defender el Hjeltefjorden
- Grupo fortaleza para cubrir el acceso sur a Bergen
- Fjell Fortress Fort en Fjell que cubre las playas del desembarco cerca de Bergen
- Batería de torpedos Korsnes cerca de Krokeidet
- Fuerte de Neset en Neset
- Fuerte de Tittelsnes cerca de Valevåg
- Fuerte Visterøy con 2x 75 mm Tornpjäs m / 57 cañones automáticos para defender el Korsfjorden
- Grupo fortaleza para cubrir el acceso norte a Bergen
- Condado de Rogaland :
- Grupo fortaleza defendiendo Stavanger
- Fuerte de Brimse en la isla de Brimse
- Fuerte de Fjøløy en la isla de Fjøløy
- Fuerte de Hundvåg en la isla de Hundvåg
- Fuerte Mastrafjorden cerca de Vikevåg
- Fuerte Neset
- Fuerte Tau en Tau
- Fuerte Vigdel en Sola
- Grupo fortaleza defendiendo Stavanger
- Condado de Vest-Agder :
- Grupo fortaleza defendiendo Kristiansand
- Fuerte Beltevika en la isla Flekkerøy
- Krossodden en la isla Flekkerøy
- Fuerte de Møvik en Møvik
- Fuerte Odderøya en la isla Odderøya
- Fuerte de Randøya en la isla de East Randøya
- Grupo fortaleza defendiendo Kristiansand
- Condado de Vestfold :
- Fortaleza Grupo Larvik
- Fuerte Folehavna en Vesterøyveien
- Fuerte de Malmøya en la isla de Malmøya
- Fuerte Oddane en Nevlunghavn
- Fuerte de Tangen cerca de Langesund (en el condado de Telemark )
- Grupo fortaleza en el lado occidental del Oslofjord
- Fuerte de Bolærne cerca de Tønsberg con 3 cañones automáticos Tornpjäs m / 57 de 75 mm que cubren la entrada al Oslofjord
- Fuerte Torås en Tjøme
- Fuerte de Svelvik en Hurum que bloquea el estrecho de Svelvikstrømmen (en el condado de Buskerud )
- Fortaleza Grupo Larvik
- Condado de Østfold :
- Grupo de fortalezas en el lado este del Oslofjord
- Fuerte Kjøkøy en Kråkerøy
- Fuerte Rauøy en la isla Rauer con 3 cañones automáticos Tornpjäs m / 57 de 75 mm
- Fuerte Torgauten al suroeste de Fredrikstad
- Fuerte de Mørvika cerca de la frontera con Suecia
- Fortaleza de Oscarsborg con una batería de torpedos subterránea (en el condado de Akershus )
- Grupo de fortalezas en el lado este del Oslofjord
- Condado de Nord-Trøndelag :
En 1989, la Marina Real de Noruega tenía el siguiente barco y submarinos en servicio. Si bien estas unidades tenían su base en el sur de Noruega, en tiempo de guerra los submarinos y fragatas podrían haber sido enviados a los diversos comandos de la OTAN que defendían el Mar del Norte y los accesos bálticos , mientras que algunos de los barcos patrulleros se habrían enviado para reforzar NAVNON en el norte de Noruega. .
- Marina Real de Noruega [3]
- Fragatas clase Oslo : HNoMS Oslo (F300) , HNoMS Bergen (F301) , HNoMS Trondheim (F302) , HNoMS Stavanger (F303) , HNoMS Narvik (F304)
- Corbetas clase Sleipner : HNoMS Sleipner (F310) , HNoMS Æger (F311)
- Lanchas patrulleras de la clase Snøgg : HNoMS Snøgg (P980) , HNoMS Rapp (P981) , HNoMS Snar (P982) , HNoMS Rask (P983) , HNoMS Kvikk (P984) , HNoMS Kjapp (P985)
- Lanchas patrulleras de la clase Storm : HNoMS Storm (P960) , HNoMS Blink (P961) , HNoMS Glimt (P962) , HNoMS Skjold (P963) , HNoMS Trygg (P964) , HNoMS Kjekk (P965) , HNoMS Djerv (P966) , HNoMS Skudd ( P967) , HNoMS Arg (P968) , HNoMS Steil (P969) , HNoMS Brann (P970) , HNoMS Tross (P971) , HNoMS Hvass (P972) , HNoMS Traust (P973) , HNoMS Brott (P974) , HNoMS Odd (P975) , HNoMS Pil (P976) , HNoMS Brask (P977) , HNoMS Rokk (P978) , HNoMS Gnist (P979)
- Hauk class patrol boats: HNoMS Hauk (P986), HNoMS Ørn (P987), HNoMS Terne (P988), HNoMS Tjeld (P989), HNoMS Skarv (P990), HNoMS Teist (P991), HNoMS Jo (P992), HNoMS Lom (P993), HNoMS Stegg (P994), HNoMS Falk (P995), HNoMS Ravn (P996), HNoMS Gribb (P997), HNoMS Geir (P998), HNoMS Erle (P999)
- Mine Control Vessels: HNoMS Borgen (N51)
- Vidar class minelayers: HNoMS Vidar (N52), HNoMS Vale (N53)
- Sauda class minesweepers: HNoMS Tana (M313), HNoMS Alta (M314), HNoMS Tista (M331), HNoMS Kvina (M332), HNoMS Utla (M334)
- Kvalsund class amphibious landing ships: HNoMS Kvalsund (L4500), HNoMS Raftsund (L4501)
- Reinøysund class amphibious landing ships: HNoMS Reinøysund (L4502), HNoMS Sørøysund (L4503), HNoMS Maursund (L4504), HNoMS Rotsund (L4505), HNoMS Borgsund (L4506)
- Support Ship: HNoMS Horten (A530)
- ELINT Ship: FS Marjata 2
- Training vessels: HNoMS Christian Radich, HNoMS Sørlandet, HNoMS Vigra (P359), HNoMS Hessa (P358)
All submarines of the navy were under command of the 1st Submarine Flotilla and homeported in Haakonsvern. In 1989 the navy began to replace some of its Kobben class submarines with the more modern Ula class. The Kobben staying in service were extensively modernized.
- 1st Submarine Flotilla, based in Haakonsvern
- Kobben class submarines: HNoMS Utsira (S301), HNoMS Utstein (S302), HNoMS Sklinna (S305), HNoMS Skolpen (S306) (transferred to Naval Reserve in 1989), HNoMS Stord (S308) (Naval Reserve since 1987), HNoMS Svenner (S309), HNoMS Kaura (S315), HNoMS Kinn (S316), HNoMS Kya (S317) (transferred to Denmark on 7 September 1989), HNoMS Kobben (S318), HNoMS Kunna (S319)
- Ula class submarines: HNoMS Ula (S300) and 5x more under construction
In times of war the Royal Norwegian Navy would have been reinforced by the Sea Home Guard, which manned older vessels taken out of service by the navy:
- Tjeld class torpedo boats: HNoMS Sel (P343), HNoMS Hval (P348), HNoMS Laks (P349), HNoMS Knurr (P357), HNoMS Skrei (P380), HNoMS Hai (P381), HNoMS Lyr (P387), HNoMS Delfin (P388)
- Sauda class minesweepers: HNoMS Sira (M312), HNoMS Vosso (M316), HNoMS Glomma (M317)
Additionally the Royal Norwegian Navy would have been reinforced in wartime with three offshore patrol vessels of the Coast Guard:
- Nordkapp class offshore patrol vessel: KV Nordkapp (W320), KV Senja (W321), KV Andenes (W322)
Commander Air Forces South Norway
- Commander Air Forces South Norway (AIRSONOR), commanded by a Norwegian major general:
- Control and Reporting Centre Mågerø managed by the 130th Air Wing
- Rygge Air Station
- 137th Air Wing
- 332nd Fighter/Bomber Squadron with 18x F-16A/B
- 336th Fighter/Bomber Squadron with 18x NF-5A
- 720th Helicopter Squadron with 12x UH-1B
- Search and Rescue Detachment from the 330th Helicopter Squadron with 2x Sea King Mk43
- 137th Air Wing
- Ørland Air Station
- 138th Air Wing
- 338th Fighter/Bomber Squadron with 18x F-16A
- 330th Helicopter Squadron with 2x Sea King Mk43, detachments at Rygge, Sola, Bodø and Banak
- Norwegian Adapted Hawk Air-defense Battery with 3x Hawk launchers and 3x 40mm L/70 radar-guided anti-aircraft guns
- 138th Air Wing
- Gardermoen Air Station
- 135th Air Wing
- 335th Transport Squadron, with 6x C-130H and 3x Falcon 20ECM electronic countermeasures aircraft
- 135th Air Wing
- Sola Air Station
- Search and Rescue Detachment from the 330th Helicopter Squadron with 2x Sea King Mk43
- Værnes Air Station
- Flight School with 16x MFI-17 Supporter
- Norwegian Adapted Hawk Air-defense Battery with 3x Hawk launchers and 3x 40mm L/70 radar-guided anti-aircraft guns
- Kjeller Air Station, main maintenance facility of the Royal Norwegian Air Force
- Flesland Air Station, a US Air Force forward operating base without assigned squadrons in peacetime
- 4x MIM-14 Nike Hercules batteries at Rygge Air Station, Gardermoen Air Station and in Hamnås and Oslo with 32x launchers each to defend Oslo
Commander Land Forces South Norway
- Commander Land Forces South Norway (LANDSONOR), commanded by a Norwegian major general:
- Distriktskommando Trøndelag in Trondheim covering Central Norway
- Brigade 12 (Norwegian Home Guard District 12 mobilization unit) in Trondheim
- 1st Armored Battalion with 26 Leopard 1 tanks, 29x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- 2nd Infantry Battalion with Bandvagn 206, 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x M106 mortar carriers
- 3rd Infantry Battalion with Bandvagn 206, 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x M106 mortar carriers
- 4th Infantry Battalion with Bandvagn 206, 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x M106 mortar carriers
- Field Artillery Battalion with 18x M109G 155mm self-propelled howitzers
- Reconnaissance Squadron with 3x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- Anti-tank Missile Company with 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x NM116 light tanks
- Anti-Aircraft Battery with 6x NM195 anti-air missile vehicles and 6x 40mm L/60 anti-aircraft guns
- Engineer Company
- Artillery Observation Platoon in Setermoen with 2x Cessna O-1A planes
- Brigade 13 (Norwegian Home Guard District 13 mobilization unit) in Steinkjer
- 1st Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 2nd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 3rd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Field Artillery Battalion with 24x M114 155mm towed howitzers
- Reconnaissance Squadron with 3x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- Anti-tank Missile Company with 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x NM116 light tanks
- Anti-Aircraft Battery with 6x RBS 70 man-portable air-defense systems and 6x 40mm L/60 anti-aircraft guns
- Engineer Company
- Artillery Observation Platoon in Setermoen with 2x Cessna O-1A planes
- Norwegian Home Guard District 11 Møre og Romsdal - Molde and Setnesmoen (Home Guard militia in Møre og Romsdal)
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Artillery Battery with 8x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Norwegian Home Guard District 12 Sør-Trøndelag - Trondheim (Home Guard militia in Sør-Trøndelag)
- Norwegian Home Guard District 13 Nord-Trøndelag - Steinkjer (Home Guard militia in Nord-Trøndelag)
- Brigade 12 (Norwegian Home Guard District 12 mobilization unit) in Trondheim
- Distriktskommando Sør- og Vestlandet in Bergen covering Southern Norway and Western Norway
- Brigade 7 (Norwegian Home Guard District 7 mobilization unit) in Kristiansand
- 1st Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 2nd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 3rd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Field Artillery Battalion with 24x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Reconnaissance Squadron with 3x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- Anti-tank Missile Company with 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x NM116 light tanks
- Anti-Aircraft Battery with 6x RBS 70 man-portable air-defense systems and 6x 40mm L/60 anti-aircraft guns
- Engineer Company
- Artillery Observation Platoon in Setermoen with 2x Cessna O-1A planes
- Brigade 8 (Norwegian Home Guard District 8 mobilization unit) in Stavanger
- 1st Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 2nd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 3rd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Field Artillery Battalion with 24x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Reconnaissance Squadron with 3x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- Anti-tank Missile Company with 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x NM116 light tanks
- Anti-Aircraft Battery with 6x RBS 70 man-portable air-defense systems and 6x 40mm L/60 anti-aircraft guns
- Engineer Company
- Brigade Vestlandet (Norwegian Home Guard District 9 and 10 mobilization unit) in Bergen
- 1st Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 2nd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 3rd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Field Artillery Battalion with 24x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Reconnaissance Squadron with 3x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- Anti-tank Missile Company with 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x NM116 light tanks
- Anti-Aircraft Battery with 6x RBS 70 man-portable air-defense systems and 6x 40mm L/60 anti-aircraft guns
- Engineer Company
- Norwegian Home Guard District 7 Agder – Kristiansand (Home Guard militia in Agder)
- Norwegian Home Guard District 8 Rogaland – Vatneleiren (Home Guard militia in Rogaland)
- Tank Company with 17x M48A5 tanks
- Norwegian Home Guard District 9 Bergenhus in Ulven (Home Guard militia in Hordaland)
- Norwegian Home Guard District 10 Sogn og Fjorande in Eid (Home Guard militia in Sogn og Fjordane)
- Brigade 7 (Norwegian Home Guard District 7 mobilization unit) in Kristiansand
- Distriktskommando Østlandet in Oslo covering Eastern Norway
- Brigade 1 (Norwegian Home Guard District 1 mobilization unit) in Fredrikstad
- 1st Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 2nd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 3rd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Field Artillery Battalion with 24x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Reconnaissance Squadron with 3x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- Anti-tank Missile Company with 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x NM116 light tanks
- Anti-Aircraft Battery with 6x RBS 70 man-portable air-defense systems and 6x 40mm L/60 anti-aircraft guns
- Engineer Company
- Brigade 3 (Norwegian Home Guard District 3 mobilization unit) in Heistadmoen
- 1st Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 2nd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- 3rd Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Field Artillery Battalion with 24x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Reconnaissance Squadron with 3x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- Anti-tank Missile Company with 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x NM116 light tanks
- Anti-Aircraft Battery with 6x RBS 70 man-portable air-defense systems and 6x 40mm L/60 anti-aircraft guns
- Engineer Company
- Brigade Sør-Norge (Norwegian Home Guard District 2 and 4 mobilization unit) in Onsrud
- 1st Armored Battalion with 38 M48A5 tanks, 29x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- 2nd Infantry Battalion with Bandvagn 206, 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x M106 mortar carriers
- 3rd Infantry Battalion with Bandvagn 206, 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x M106 mortar carriers
- 4th Infantry Battalion with Bandvagn 206, 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x M106 mortar carriers
- Field Artillery Battalion with 18x M109G 155mm self-propelled howitzers
- Reconnaissance Squadron with 3x NM135 infantry fighting vehicles
- Anti-tank Missile Company with 4x NM142 ATGM carriers and 4x NM116 light tanks
- Anti-Aircraft Battery with 6x NM195 anti-air missile vehicles and 6x 40mm L/60 anti-aircraft guns
- Engineer Company
- Artillery Observation Platoon in Setermoen with 2x Cessna O-1A planes
- Norwegian Home Guard District 1 Østfold – Ravneberget (Home Guard militia in Østfold)
- Artillery Battalion with 24x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Norwegian Home Guard District 2 Stor-Oslo – Oslo (Home Guard militia in Greater Oslo Region including Akershus)
- Hans Majestet Kongens Garde Battalion
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Artillery Battalion with 24x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Artillery Battalion with 24x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Tank Company with 13x Leopard 1 tanks
- Norwegian Home Guard District 3 Telemark og Buskerud – Heistadmoen (Home Guard militia in Telemark and Buskerud)
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Artillery Battalion with 24x M101 105mm towed howitzers
- Norwegian Home Guard District 4 Hedmark – Kongsvinger (Home Guard militia in Hedmark)
- Norwegian Home Guard District 5 Opplandske – Terningmoen (Home Guard militia in Oppland), would raise Brigade 5 for Allied Forces North Norway
- Norwegian Home Guard District 6 Hønefoss – Hønefoss (Home Guard militia in Greater Oslo Region), would raise Brigade 6 for Allied Forces North Norway
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Infantry Battalion with 4x TOW ATGM missile launchers and 4x M30 107mm mortars
- Brigade 1 (Norwegian Home Guard District 1 mobilization unit) in Fredrikstad
- Distriktskommando Trøndelag in Trondheim covering Central Norway
US Forces in Southern Norway
In 1981 the governments of Norway and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding that in case of war the U.S. Marine Corps' 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade would be deployed to Norway as the Norway Air-Landed Marine Expeditionary Brigade (NALMEB).[citation needed] To facilitate a rapid deployment of the brigade and its associated air and logistical units via strategic airlift the two nations agreed to preposition equipment and materiel for 15,000 troops, and war stocks for 30 days in Norway. Because of the harsh Norwegian climate it was decided that unlike the REFORGER depots in Germany, the depots in Norway would be underground facilities. Thus between 1985 and 1989 American and Norwegian engineers drilled nearly 63,000 square meters of underground storage tunnels into the mountains around Trondheim. After the sites had been filled with materiel and equipment, Norwegian troops were tasked with its maintenance, with two exceptions: the two stored fleet hospitals were maintained by two small US Navy detachments.
By 1990 the eight artificial caves were filled with all the equipment and the Norway Air-Landed Marine Expeditionary Brigade could have been deployed to Norway within 48h.[4]
The eight underground depots were:[citation needed]
- Ørland Air Station, fighter wing reception site and depot
- Værnes Air Station, rotary wing reception site and depot
- Bjugn Cave Site, in Bjugn, ground equipment and supply depot
- Frigård Cave Site, in Holtålen, ground equipment and supply depot
- Tromsdal Cave Site, in Verdal, ground equipment and supply depot
- Hammerkammen Cave Site, in Stjørdal ground ammunition depot
- Hammernesodden Cave Site, in Namdalseid ground ammunition depot
- Kalvåa Cave Site, in Bjugn air/ground ammunition depot
Additionally the U.S. military maintained a small number of units in Southern Norway in peacetime:
- United States European Command
- United States Navy
- Fleet Hospital Support Facility 15, in Bjugn to maintain the stored Fleet Hospital Fifteen[citation needed]
- United States Navy
Referencias
- ^ Till, Geoffrey (1988). Britain and N. A. T. O.'s Northern Flank. London: MacMillan Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-333-43931-9.
- ^ Lund, John (1989). Don't Rock The Boat - Reinforcing Norway in Crisis and War (PDF). Washington DC: Rand Corporation. ISBN 0-8330-0960-5.
- ^ "Service List". Norwegian Navy Veterans. Norwegian Navy Veterans. Archived from the original on 21 June 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
- ^ "Prepositioning Programs Handbook" (PDF). www.marines.mil. Headquarters Marine Corps. 2015. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
Coordinates: 58°54′20″N 5°43′18″E / 58.9056°N 5.7216°E / 58.9056; 5.7216