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1992 temporada de huracanes en el Atlántico
1992 Atlantic hurricane season summary map.png
Mapa resumen de la temporada
Límites estacionales
Se formó el primer sistema21 de abril de 1992
Último sistema disipado27 de octubre de 1992
Tormenta más fuerte
NombreAndrés
 • Vientos máximos175 mph (280 km / h)
( 1 minuto sostenido )
 • Presión más baja922 mbar ( hPa ; 27,23 inHg )
Estadísticas estacionales
Depresiones totales10
Tormentas totales7
Huracanes4
Grandes huracanes ( Cat. 3+ )1
Total de muertes106 en total
Daño total$ 27.302 mil millones (1992 USD )
Artículos relacionados
Temporadas de huracanes en el Atlántico
1990 , 1991 , 1992 , 1993 , 1994

La temporada de huracanes del Atlántico de 1992 estuvo muy por debajo del promedio de la temporada de huracanes que tuvo una de las últimas fechas registradas para la primera tormenta nombrada. La temporada comenzó oficialmente el 1 de junio de 1992 y duró hasta el 30 de noviembre de 1992. La primera tormenta, una tormenta subtropical sin nombre , se desarrolló en el Atlántico central el 21 de abril, más de un mes antes del inicio oficial de la temporada de huracanes . La tormenta más importante de la temporada fue el huracán Andrew , que en ese momento fue el huracán más costoso de Estados Unidos . Después de cruzar las Bahamas , el huracán tocó tierra en Florida yLuisiana . Causó $ 27,3 mil millones (1992 USD) en daños, principalmente en Florida, y 65 muertes. Andrew también fue el huracán más fuerte de la temporada, alcanzando vientos de 175 mph (282 km / h) mientras se acercaba a Florida.

Inusualmente, los huracanes Bonnie y Charley produjeron vientos con fuerza de tormenta tropical en las Azores , y el primero causó una muerte. La tormenta tropical Danielle fue uno de los pocos ciclones tropicales que se sabe que tocó tierra en la península de Delmarva . La tormenta causó daños menores y dos muertes en las regiones del Atlántico Medio y Nueva Inglaterra de los Estados Unidos. Otro huracán de la temporada, Frances, no afectó significativamente la tierra. El sistema se desarrolló en el Atlántico central, se rastreó muy lejos de la tierra y solo trajo lluvias ligeras a Terranova . Además de las siete tormentas, hubo tres depresiones tropicales que no se desarrollaron.. La primera depresión de la temporada provocó inundaciones en Cuba y Florida mientras que las otras dos depresiones no afectaron ningún terreno. En conjunto, las tormentas de la temporada de huracanes del Atlántico de 1992 causaron pérdidas por valor de $ 27,3 mil millones y 73 muertes.

Resumen de temporada [ editar ]

Tropical Storm Danielle (1992)Hurricane Bonnie (1992)Hurricane AndrewTropical Depression One (1992)Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale

Previsiones de pretemporada [ editar ]

Predicciones de actividad tropical en la temporada de 1992
FuenteFecha
Tormentas con nombre		Huracanes
Huracanes importantes
Promedio (1981-2010)
12,16.42,7[1]
Registro de alta actividad
30157
Registro de baja actividad
420
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– –––––
CSUDiciembre de 1991841[2]
WRCPrincipios de 199263N / A[3]
CSUAbril de 1992841[4]
CSUJunio ​​de 1992841[4]
CSUAgosto de 1992841[5]
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– –––––
Actividad real741

El Dr. William M. Gray y sus asociados en la Universidad Estatal de Colorado (CSU) y el Centro de Investigación Meteorológica (WRC) emiten pronósticos de actividad de huracanes antes de cada temporada de huracanes . Una temporada normal según la define la Administración Nacional Oceánica y Atmosférica (NOAA) tiene 12.1 tormentas con nombre , de las cuales 6.4 alcanzan la fuerza de un huracán y 2.7 se convierten en huracanes mayores . [1] En diciembre de 1991, CSU emitió su primer pronóstico para el año y predijo que 1992 vería ocho tormentas con nombre, cuatro huracanes y un huracán mayor. [2]CSU también emitió un pronóstico en abril, junio y agosto; sin embargo, no se hicieron revisiones a la cantidad de tormentas con nombre, huracanes y huracanes mayores pronosticados en 1992. [4] [5] Antes de que comenzara la temporada, el WRC predijo que la temporada vería seis tormentas con nombre, con tres de ellas. convirtiéndose en huracán mientras no se hizo ningún pronóstico sobre el número de huracanes importantes. [3]

Actividad de temporada [ editar ]

La temporada de huracanes en el Atlántico comenzó oficialmente el 1 de junio, [6] pero la actividad en 1992 comenzó más de un mes antes con la formación de la Tormenta Subtropical Uno el 21 de abril. Fue una temporada por debajo del promedio en la que se formaron 10 depresiones tropicales o subtropicales. Siete de las depresiones alcanzaron el estado de tormenta tropical y cuatro de ellas alcanzaron el estado de huracán. Además, un ciclón tropical finalmente alcanzó la categoría de huracán mayor, [7] que está por debajo del promedio de 1981-2010 de 2,7 por temporada. [1] La baja actividad se atribuye en parte a ondas tropicales más débiles de lo normal, la fuente de la mayoría de los ciclones tropicales del Atlántico norte . [8]Solo dos huracanes y una tormenta tropical tocaron tierra durante la temporada. Sin embargo, los daños causados ​​por el huracán Andrew fueron astronómicos, causando la mayoría de las 106 muertes de la temporada y un peaje por daños de $ 27,3 mil millones (1992 USD). [7] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] La última tormenta de la temporada, el huracán Frances, se volvió extratropical el 27 de octubre, más de un mes antes del final oficial de la temporada el 30 de noviembre. [7 ]

Lista de las temporadas de huracanes más costosas en el Atlántico
RangoCostoEstación
1≥ $ 294,703 mil millones2017
2$ 172.297 mil millones2005
3$ 72.341 mil millones2012
4$ 61.148 mil millones2004
5≥ $ 51.146 mil millones2020
6≥ $ 50,126 mil millones2018
7≥ $ 48,855 mil millones2008
8$ 27.302 mil millones1992
9≥ $ 17.485 mil millones2016
10$ 17.39 mil millones2011

La ciclogénesis tropical en la temporada de huracanes del Atlántico de 1992 comenzó con el desarrollo de la Tormenta Subtropical Uno el 21 de abril. Sin embargo, durante los siguientes tres meses, ocurrió una actividad mínima, con sólo dos depresiones desarrollándose, una en junio y la otra en julio. [7] Aunque la cizalladura del viento fue relativamente débil en agosto, [8] sólo ocurrió un ciclón tropical en ese mes. Sin embargo, ese ciclón tropical, el huracán Andrew, fue el más fuerte y costoso de la temporada. [7] Aunque septiembre es el pico climatológico de la temporada de huracanes, [14]un aumento de la cizalladura del viento impidió la ciclogénesis tropical en la primera mitad del mes. Sin embargo, después del 16 de septiembre, se desarrollaron cinco ciclones tropicales en un lapso de nueve días, del 17 al 26 de septiembre. A partir de entonces, la actividad se detuvo abruptamente y solo se desarrolló un ciclón tropical en octubre, el huracán Frances. Para el 27 de octubre, Frances se volvió extratropical, [7] que fue más de un mes antes del final oficial de la temporada el 30 de noviembre [15].

La actividad de la temporada se reflejó con una calificación de energía ciclónica acumulada (ACE) de 76. [16] ACE es, en términos generales, una medida de la potencia del huracán multiplicada por el tiempo que existió, por lo que las tormentas duran mucho tiempo. , así como los huracanes particularmente fuertes, tienen ACE altas. El ACE solo se calcula para avisos completos en sistemas tropicales a 34 nudos (63 km / h; 39 mph) o más o con fuerza de tormenta tropical. Aunque oficialmente, los ciclones subtropicales , como la primera tormenta, están excluidos del total, [17] la figura anterior incluye períodos en los que las tormentas estaban en una fase subtropical.

Sistemas [ editar ]

Tormenta subtropical uno [ editar ]

Subtropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationApril 21 – April 24
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min)  1002 mbar (hPa)
See also: List of off-season Atlantic hurricanes

1992 April subtropical stormOn April 21, a low-pressure area separated from the prevailing westerlies about 600 miles (970 km) southeast of Bermuda, and developed into a subtropical depression at 1200 UTC. The system maintained a large comma-shaped cloud pattern around the low-level circulation.[18] Operationally, it was not classified until 27 hours later.[19] Isolated from strong steering currents, the depression tracked northwestward at 12 mph (19 km/h), and intensified into a subtropical storm early on April 22; this was the first such storm on record in the month.[18] It gradually became better organized, with a large convective band in the eastern semicircle. Reports from a nearby ship indicated peak winds of 50 mph (80 km/h),[19] with swells of 64.4 feet (19.6 m).[20]

The National Hurricane Center remarked the potential for the system transitioning into a tropical cyclone.[19] An approaching trough caused the storm to stall and weaken the deep convection.[21] On April 23, the cyclone weakened to depression status due to strong wind shear.[18] A hurricane hunter's flight into the system confirmed the weakening, and also reported a 1.8°F (1°C) temperature rise in the center, suggesting a warm core and some tropical characteristics.[22] Early on April 24, the subtropical depression turned eastward, maintaining limited convection. At the time, forecasters anticipated the depression would continue east-northeastward and become an extratropical cyclone.[23] By late on April 24, the system was too weak to classify using the Dvorak technique, and the NHC ceased issuing advisories.[24] Within 24 hours, the circulation dissipated as the system continued eastward through the westerlies.[18]

Tropical Depression One[edit]

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 25 – June 26
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min)  1007 mbar (hPa)
Main article: Tropical Depression One (1992)

A tropical wave emerged off the western coast of Africa on June 12, and eventually developed into Tropical Depression One in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico.[25] Operationally, the National Hurricane Center designated this system as Tropical Depression Two, which led to confusion because of Subtropical Storm One in April, and then another Tropical Depression Two in July.[26] Outflow from Hurricane Celia in the Pacific Ocean and a trough in the Gulf of Mexico generated wind shear on the depression, which prevented it from intensifying into a tropical storm.[25] The depression curved north-northeastward and eventually made landfall in near Tampa, Florida, on June 26 around 1500 UTC. As it was moving ashore, the National Hurricane Center noted that the depression was too poorly organized to locate the center of circulation, and discontinued advisories on the system.[27]

The depression dropped heavy rainfall in Cuba, peaking at 33.43 inches (849 mm).[28] Large amounts of precipitation resulted in flooding, which damaged or destroyed hundreds of homes and caused two fatalities in provinces of Pinar del Río and La Habana.[11] As the system was only a tropical depression, light winds were reported; however, a peak gust of 56 mph (90 km/h) was reported at MacDill Air Force Base.[29] Heavy rainfall fell on the west coast of Florida, with local amounts exceeded 20 inches (510 mm). Precipitation throughout the state peaked at 25 inches (640 mm) in Arcadia Tower.[30] Heavy rainfall caused flooding in portions of Florida, which in turn, damaged 4,000 houses[10] and destroyed 70 houses.[9] In addition, five homes destroyed and twelve were damaged by a tornado spawned in Nokomis.[10] Severe crop damage to orange trees was also reported.[31] The depression caused two fatalities in Florida and damage totaled to $2.6 million (1992 USD).[9][10]

Tropical Depression Two[edit]

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 24 – July 26
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min)  1015 mbar (hPa)

A squall line which moved offshore New York and southern New England formed a mesoscale convective vortex, which fired new thunderstorm activity each day as it moved within the westerlies across the northern Atlantic. Once it reached mid-ocean, an increasingly northerly steering flow dropped the system down into the subtropics to the east of Bermuda, and it maintained decent organization.[32] By 2100 UTC on July 24, the National Hurricane Center began classifying the system as Tropical Depression Two. In the first advisory on the depression, it was noted that the previous tropical depression was erroneously classified as Tropical Depression Two.[33]

Due to northeasterly wind shear, the depression failed to intensified or organize further, as predicted.[34] Instead, the depression weakened by late on July 25, with satellite imagery indicating that much of the deep convection was removed from the surface circulation.[35] By July 26, the National Hurricane Center issued its final advisory, noting that it was "too weak to classify and is rapidly losing its identity".[36] The depression dissipated about three hours later.[32]

Hurricane Andrew[edit]

Main article: Hurricane Andrew
Category 5 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 16 – August 28
Peak intensity175 mph (280 km/h) (1-min)  922 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa on August 14, and organized into Tropical Depression Three on August 16 while located about halfway between the Windward Islands and the coast of Africa. It moved to the west-northwest, and strengthened into Tropical Storm Andrew on August 17. After reaching winds of 50 mph (80 km/h), strong southwesterly shear weakened the storm, and by August 20 it weakened to a minimal storm with a pressure of 1,015 mbar (30.0 inHg). It bypassed the Lesser Antilles completely, and turned to the west in response to a building high pressure system to the north. Upon turning to the west, a trough of low pressure positioned to the southwest of Andrew created an environment with little vertical shear and well-defined outflow. The storm quickly intensified due to its small size, and became a hurricane on August 22. Andrew rapidly intensified under ideal conditions for development,[12] and on August 23 the hurricane peaked with winds of 175 mph (282 km/h). It crossed the Bahamas at that intensity, weakened slightly, and re-intensified to a 165 mph (266 km/h) Category 5 hurricane before making landfall near Homestead, Florida. It weakened slightly over the state to a 135 mph (217 km/h) hurricane, but restrengthened to a 145 mph (233 km/h) hurricane over the Gulf of Mexico. A strong mid-latitude trough turned Andrew northward, where it greatly weakened before hitting west of Morgan City, Louisiana on August 26 as a 115 mph (185 km/h) Category 3 hurricane. It turned northeastward, and lost its tropical identity over Tennessee on August 28,[37] before merging with the remnants of Hurricane Lester and another frontal system over Pennsylvania on August 29.[38][39]

In the Bahamas, Andrew brought high tides, hurricane-force winds,[40] and tornadoes,[41] which caused significant damage in the archipelago, especially on Cat Cays.[42] At least 800 houses were destroyed and left damage to the transport, communications, water, sanitation, agriculture, and fishing sectors.[43] Overall, Andrew caused four fatalities and $250 million in damage in the Bahamas. Throughout the southern portions of Florida, Andrew brought very high winds; a wind gust of 177 mph (285 km/h) was reported at a house in Perrine, Florida.[12] High winds caused catastrophic damage in Florida, especially in Miami-Dade County, where approximately 117,000 houses were either severely damaged or destroyed.[44] In the Everglades, 70,000 acres (280 km2) of trees were knocked down and about 182 million fish were killed.[45] Rainfall in Florida was moderate, peaking at 13.98 inches (355 mm) in western Miami-Dade County.[46] Significant damage to oil platforms was reported, with one company losing 13 platforms, had 104 structures damaged, and five drilling wells blown off course. In Louisiana, Andrew produced hurricane-force winds along its path,[12] damaging 23,000 homes and destroying 985 homes and 1,951 mobile homes.[47] An F3 tornado in St. John the Baptist Parish damaged or destroyed 163 structures.[48] 17 fatalities were reported in Louisiana, six of which were drowning victims offshore.[12] Elsewhere, the storm spawned at least 28 tornadoes, especially in Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi.[12][49] Overall, Andrew caused 65 fatalities and $27.3 billion (1992 USD) in damage,[12][50] making it the eighth-costliest hurricane in U.S. history, behind Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Hurricane Ike in 2008, Hurricane Sandy in 2012, hurricanes Harvey, Irma, Maria in 2017, and Hurricane Florence in 2018.[51]

Hurricane Bonnie[edit]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 17 – September 30
Peak intensity110 mph (175 km/h) (1-min)  965 mbar (hPa)
Main article: Hurricane Bonnie (1992)

In mid-September, a tropical low detached from a cold front and developed into Tropical Depression Four late on September 17, while located about 340 miles (550 km) east-northeast of Bermuda. Early on the following day, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Bonnie. Due to light vertical wind shear, Bonnie quickly strengthened, and became a hurricane late on September 18. Further deepening occurred, and at 1800 UTC on September 21, Bonnie peaked as a 110 mph (180 km/h) Category 2 hurricane. Thereafter, Bonnie became nearly stationary for almost 24 hours. Satellite images indicated that the low-level center became exposed, indicating that Bonnie was significantly weakening while tracking southward. It is estimated that Bonnie weakened to a tropical storm by late on September 24. Bonnie further deteriorated to tropical depression status on September 26, but re-strengthened to a tropical storm later that day.[52]

By 1500 UTC on September 27, the National Hurricane Center declared Bonnie extratropical, since it was losing tropical characteristics.[53] Bonnie re-acquired tropical characteristics, and the National Hurricane Center resumed advisories on the storm by 2100 UTC on September 28.[54] However, post-analysis indicated that Bonnie remained tropical during that time period. Bonnie re-strengthened to a strong tropical storm before vertical wind shear weakened it while approaching the Azores. Shortly before becoming extratropical on September 30, Bonnie passed through the Azores as a moderately weak tropical storm.[52] One location in the Azores reported tropical storm force winds.[55] In addition, one man was killed by a rock fall on the island of São Miguel.[7] No damage was reported in association with Bonnie.[55]

Hurricane Charley[edit]

Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 21 – September 27
Peak intensity110 mph (175 km/h) (1-min)  965 mbar (hPa)

On September 20, METEOSAT imagery indicated an area of convection becoming concentrated while well south of the Azores. It is possible that a mid to upper-level cyclonic circulation interacted with the northern portion of a tropical wave. By the following day, satellite imagery noted a well-defined low-level circulation and thus, Tropical Depression Five while centered about 633 miles (1,019 km) south of the Azores. The depression tracked northwestward and satellite imagery began to indicate banding features. As a result, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Charley on September 22. An eye developed as Charley tracked north-northwestward, and it became a hurricane on September 23. Further strengthening occurred, and by late on September 24, Charley peaked as a 110 mph (180 km/h) Category 2 hurricane.[56]

Thereafter, Charley turned eastward and then east-northeastward while tracking over decreasing sea surface temperatures (SST). Early on September 27, Charley was downgraded to a tropical storm. Later that day, Charley crossed over Terceira Island in the Azores with winds of 65 mph (105 km/h). Charley gradually lost tropical characteristics, and by 1800 UTC on September 27, it had transitioned into an extratropical storm.[56] The remnant system accelerated northeastward toward the British Isles, where it merged with another extratropical low on September 29. While passing through the Azores, Charley produced tropical storm force winds, with the Lajes AFB reporting sustained winds of 53 mph (85 km/h) and gusts reaching 82 mph (132 km/h). No other effects from Charley were reported in the Azores.[57]

Tropical Storm Danielle[edit]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 22 – September 26
Peak intensity65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min)  1001 mbar (hPa)
Main article: Tropical Storm Danielle (1992)

Tropical Depression Six developed offshore of the Southeastern United States on September 22 from the merger of a surface trough, a tropical wave, and a cold front. The depression quickly intensified and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Danielle six hours later. An approaching trough caused a northeastward movement, but later a high pressure system forced the storm to northwestward, which caused Danielle to execute a small anti-cyclonic loop on September 23–24. While offshore of North Carolina on September 25, Danielle reached its peak intensity as a moderately strong tropical storm with maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (105 km/h).[58] It was initially predicted that Danielle would make landfall in North Carolina;[59] however, the storm curved north-northwestward and made landfall in Maryland on the eastern shore of the Delmarva Peninsula at the same intensity. Danielle continued inland and weakened and dissipated over eastern Pennsylvania on September 26.[58]

Danielle caused severe beach erosion in North Carolina,[60] Virginia,[61] and Maryland,[62] which resulted in overwash, which in turn, damaged or destroyed several businesses and houses in the coastal portions of the three states. In addition, street flooding also closed several roads in the region,[61][62][63] most notably, North Carolina Highway 12.[63] Many states in the Mid-Atlantic and New England also reported rainfall, although rarely exceeding 3 inches (76 mm).[64] In addition high seas offshore of New Jersey capsized a sailboat, causing two people to drown.[13] Overall, damage from the storm was minimal, with the exception of the damaged or destroyed businesses and houses in North Carolina, Virginia, and Maryland.[61][62][63]

Tropical Depression Seven[edit]

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 25 – October 1
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min)  1008 mbar (hPa)

A poorly organized tropical wave emerged off the west coast of Africa on September 23 and quickly developed into Tropical Depression Seven on September 25, while centered 775 miles (1,247 km) southwest of Cape Verde.[65] Because the depression was tracking over warm SST, it was predicted to intensify into a tropical storm.[66] However, wind shear exposed the center[65] as indicated by visible satellite images on September 26, and the National Hurricane Center noted on September 26 that "the depression could be downgraded to a tropical wave later today".[67] Early on September 27, the center of the depression became difficult to locate on satellite imagery.[68]

By September 28, the organization of the depression deteriorated further due to strong vertical wind shear.[69] The center of the depression again became difficult to location by infrared images early on September 29.[70] Later that day, a few computer models indicated a decrease in wind shear over the depression within two days, thus, it was predicted to strengthen into a tropical storm.[71] However, wind shear exposed the center of the depression again by early on September 30, though it was still forecast to intensify to tropical storm status.[72] By late on October 1, satellite imagery noted that the depression dissipated, and the National Hurricane Center issued its final advisory on the system.[65][73]

Tropical Storm Earl[edit]

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 26 – October 3
Peak intensity65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min)  990 mbar (hPa)

On September 26, a tropical wave developed into Tropical Depression Eight while centered about 345 miles (555 km) north of Hispaniola. The depression tracked west-northwestward toward the Bahamas. Initially, the depression remained weak, but after reaching the Gulf Stream it strengthened into Tropical Storm Earl at 1200 UTC on September 29.[74] Around that time, Earl began to veer east, lessening the threat to Florida. Early on October 1, Earl reached maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (105 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 990 mbar (29 inHg). It gradually weakened thereafter, and Earl was downgraded to a tropical depression on October 3.[75] Later that day, Earl became extratropical about 295 mi (475 km) south of Bermuda.[74]

The threat from Earl prompted a tropical storm watch in the Bahamas and later Bermuda, while a coastal flood watch was issued in Florida.[76] Because Earl remained offshore, impact was generally minor.[74] Throughout Florida, Earl spawned 11 tornadoes[77] and brought moderately heavy rainfall, peaking at 9.38 inches (238 mm) near Canal Point, Florida. In addition, light amounts of precipitation were also reported in Georgia and North Carolina.[78] Above normal tides washed away 30 to 35 feet (9.1 to 10.7 m) of beaches,[79] and lifeguards on St. Augustine Beach made eight rescues.[80]

Hurricane Frances[edit]

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationOctober 23 – October 27
Peak intensity85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min)  976 mbar (hPa)

A low pressure area developed along the end of a quasi-stationary frontal trough. Initially, vertical wind shear prevented deep convection from forming on the western portion of the system. After wind shear decreased, the system became a gale center late on October 22. By early on the following day, the gale center had transitioned into a tropical storm, and it is estimated that Tropical Storm Frances developed at 0600 UTC on October 23. Frances quickly strengthened after becoming a tropical storm,[81] and was upgraded to a hurricane by 1800 UTC on that same day. After becoming a hurricane, Frances curved northeastward, and remained well east of Bermuda. By midday on October 24, Frances peaked as an 85 mph (137 km/h) Category 1 hurricane.[82]

After reaching peak intensity, Frances began tracking over cooler SST, which gradually weakened the storm. The eye featured became indistinct and by late on October 25, Frances was downgraded to a tropical storm. Over the next two days, Frances began losing tropical characteristics, and was declared extratropical by early on October 27. One sailor was reported missing; however, it is unknown if it was as a result of Frances. In addition, one person on a sailboat suffered injuries during an encounter with Frances.[82] On land, Frances caused minimal impact, limited to light rainfall across Newfoundland.[83]

Storm names[edit]

The following names were used for named storms that formed in the north Atlantic in 1992.[84] Subtropical storms were unnamed until 2002,[85] as a result, the subtropical cyclone in April 1992 did not receive a name.[86] The names not retired from this list appeared again on the naming list for the 1998 season.[87] This is the same naming list used for the 1986 season.[88] Names that were not assigned are marked in gray.[87]

  • Andrew
  • Bonnie
  • Charley
  • Danielle
  • Earl
  • Frances
  • Georges (unused)
  • Hermine (unused)
  • Ivan (unused)
  • Jeanne (unused)
  • Karl (unused)
  • Lisa (unused)
  • Mitch (unused)
  • Nicole (unused)
  • Otto (unused)
  • Paula (unused)
  • Richard (unused)
  • Shary (unused)
  • Tomas (unused)
  • Virginie (unused)
  • Walter (unused)

Retirement[edit]

See also: List of retired Atlantic hurricane names

At their meeting in the spring of 1993, the World Meteorological Organization retired the name Andrew from the list above. The name that replaced it on the naming list for the 1998 season was Alex.

Season effects[edit]

This is a table of all of the storms that formed in the 1992 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their duration, names, landfall(s)—denoted by bold location names—damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but are still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical or a wave or low, and all of the damage figures are in 1992 USD.

1992 North Atlantic tropical cyclone season statistics
Storm
name		Dates activeStorm category

at peak intensity

Max 1-min
wind
mph (km/h)		Min.
press.
(mbar)		Areas affectedDamage
(USD)		DeathsRefs


UnnamedApril 21 – April 24Subtropical storm50 (85)1002NoneNone[86]None[86]
OneJune 25 – June 26Tropical depression35 (55)1007Florida$2.6 million[9][10]4 (1)[9][10][11]
TwoJuly 24 – July 26Tropical depression35 (55)1015NoneNone[32]None[32]
AndrewAugust 16 – August 28Category 5 hurricane175 (280)922Bahamas (Bahama Banks and Berry Islands), Southeastern United States (Florida),
Gulf Coast of the United States (Louisiana), Midwestern United States, Mid-Atlantic states		$27.3 billion[50]26 (39)[12]
BonnieSeptember 17 – September 30Category 2 hurricane110 (175)965AzoresNone1[7]
CharleySeptember 21 – September 27Category 2 hurricane110 (175)965AzoresMinimalNone[57]
DanielleSeptember 22 – September 26Tropical storm60 (95)1001North Carolina, Mid-Atlantic states (Maryland), New EnglandMinimal2[13]
SevenSeptember 25 – October 1Tropical depression35 (55)1008noneUnknown[65]None[65]
EarlSeptember 26 – October 3Tropical storm65 (100)990Florida, Georgia, North CarolinaNone[89]None[89]
FrancesOctober 23 – October 27Category 1 hurricane85 (140)976Newfoundland, Iberian PeninsulaNone[82]None[82]
Season aggregates
10 systemsApril 21 – October 27 175 (280)922$27.302 billion66 (40) 

See also[edit]

  • Lists of Atlantic hurricanes
  • Atlantic hurricane season
  • 1992 Pacific hurricane season
  • 1992 Pacific typhoon season
  • 1992 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
  • South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season: 1991–92, 1992–93
  • Australian region cyclone season: 1991–92, 1992–93
  • South Pacific cyclone season: 1991–92, 1992–93

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Background information: the North Atlantic hurricane season (Report). Climate Prediction Center. August 4, 2011. Retrieved November 17, 2011.
  2. ^ a b "Forecast Verifications". Colorado State University. 2010. Archived from the original on December 14, 2013. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
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External links[edit]

  • Monthly Weather Review
  • U.S. Rainfall information concerning 1992 tropical cyclones
  • Clips of Weather Channel coverage of 1992 Atlantic hurricane season