De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
  (Redirigido desde BD-RE )
Saltar a navegación Saltar a búsqueda
Un disco Blu-ray regrabable en blanco (BD-RE)

Disco Blu-ray grabable ( BD-R ) se refiere a dos tecnologías de grabación de disco óptico directo a disco que se pueden grabar en un disco óptico basado en Blu-ray con una grabadora de disco óptico . Los discos BD-R se pueden escribir una vez, mientras que los discos Blu-ray grabables borrables ( BD-RE ) se pueden borrar y volver a grabar varias veces. Las capacidades de los discos son de 25 GB para discos de una capa, 50 GB para discos de doble capa, [1] 100 GB ("XL") para tres capas y 128 GB para cuatro capas (solo en BD-R). [2] [3]

La velocidad mínima a la que se puede escribir un disco Blu-ray es de 36 megabits (4,5 megabytes) por segundo. [4]

Versión [ editar ]

A partir de abril de 2018 , hay cinco versiones de Blu-ray Disc Recordable Erasable (BD-RE) y cuatro versiones de Blu-ray Disc Recordable (BD-R). Cada versión incluye tres partes (también conocidas como libros ): especificaciones de formato básico, especificaciones del sistema de archivos, especificaciones básicas audiovisuales. Cada parte tiene sub-versiones (por ejemplo, la Especificación de formato R2 incluye la Parte 3: Especificaciones básicas audiovisuales Ver.3.02 , Parte 2: Especificaciones del sistema de archivos Ver. 1.11 , Parte 1: Especificaciones de formato básico Ver. 1.3 ). [5] [6] [7]

Velocidad [ editar ]

A diciembre de 2017 , las siguientes velocidades se ven en las especificaciones de Blu-Ray para discos R / RE: [7]

Las velocidades de 2 × son obligatorias para todos los formatos, siendo 4 × y 6 × opcionales para los soportes BD-R que no son XL. Desde BD-RE 5.0 / BD-R 4.0, una velocidad de lectura de 4 × es obligatoria para la compatibilidad con UHD. [7]

Nota: Agregue tiempo adicional para la fase de verificación del disco y tiempo para borrar el disco en el caso de BD-RE.

Precios [ editar ]

A abril de 2018 (precio aproximado):

  • BD-R / RE impulsa 50 USD o más [21]
  • 6 discos BD-R de una sola capa (25  GB ) US $ 0,42 cada uno en cantidad; [22]
  • 10 × disco BD-R de una sola capa (25  GB ) CN ¥ 2,04 cada uno en cantidad; [23]
  • 6 discos BD-R de doble capa (50  GB ) US $ 1,64 en cantidad; [24]
  • 2 discos BD-RE de una sola capa (25  GB ) US $ 0,82 en cantidad; [25]
  • 2 discos BD-RE de doble capa (50  GB ) US $ 3,15 en cantidad; [26]
  • 4 discos BD-R XL (100  GB ) US $ 5 en cantidad; [27]
  • 4 discos BD-RE XL (100 GB ) US $ 11 en cantidad; [28]

Mecanismos de grabación [ editar ]

En lugar de los hoyos y las tierras que se encuentran en los discos preimpresos / pregrabados / replicados, los discos BD-R y RE contienen ranuras que contienen una frecuencia de oscilación que se utiliza para localizar la posición del láser de lectura o escritura en el disco. [29]BD-R tiene una zona de prueba / calibración de potencia óptima (OPC), que se utiliza para calibrar (ajustar con precisión) la potencia del láser de escritura antes y durante la escritura, y también tiene una zona de calibración de unidad (DCZ) en el borde exterior del disco, para calibración opcional de alta velocidad. La calibración es necesaria para permitir pequeños defectos de fabricación, reduciendo en gran medida o eliminando completamente los discos y unidades rechazados, reduciendo los costos y eliminando el desperdicio potencial. La siguiente información describe los diferentes tipos de capas de grabación que se pueden utilizar en los discos BD-R y BD-RE.

HTL (de mayor a menor) [ editar ]

"Normal" BD-R discs use a composite (or, in the case of BD-RE, a phase-changing alloy) that decreases its reflectivity on recording, i.e. "High To Low".[30] Sony, for example, uses an inorganic[31] composite that splits into two laminar components with low reflectivity.[32] Composites used may include BiN, Ge3N4, and Pd-doped tellurium suboxide.[33] A pair of layers with copper alloy and silicon that combines on recording may alternatively be used.[34] Similar to CD-RW and DVD-RW, a phase transition alloy (often GeSbTe or InAgTeSb, Copper silicate (CuSi) or other alloys can also be used, like Verbatim's proprietary MABL)[35][34][36] is used for BD-RE discs. Melting the material with a very high power beam turns it into an amorphous state with low reflectivity, while heating at a lower power erases it back to a crystalline state with high reflectivity.[37]

In BD-RE discs, the data layers are surrounded by a pair of dielectric Zinc Sulfur-Silicon Dioxide layers.[3][38] An adhesive spacer layer and a semi-reflective layer are used for multi-layer discs.[34][39] The recording and dielectric layers are all deposited using Sputtering.[38] On multi-layer BD-RE discs, each GeSbTe recording layer is progressively thinner. So the first layer (L0) is 10 nm thick, L1 is 7.5 nm thick, L2 is 6 nm thick, and so on. The silver alloy reflective layers that are behind each recording layer also become progressively thinner, so the L0 silver layer is 10 nm thick, the L1 layer is 9 nm thick, the L2 layer is 7 nm thick, and so on. The separation layers that separate the recording layers from one another also progressively become thinner.[40][41][42]

BD-R LTH (low to high)[edit]

BD-R LTH is a write-once Blu-ray Disc format that features an organic dye recording layer. "Low To High" refers to the reflectivity changing from low to high during the burning process, which is the opposite of normal Blu-rays, whose reflectivity changes from high to low during writing. The advantage of BD-R LTH is it can protect a manufacturer's investment in DVD-R/CD-R manufacturing equipment because it does not require investing in new production lines and manufacturing equipment. Instead, the manufacturer only needs to modify current equipment. This is expected to lower the cost of disc manufacturing.[43]

Old Blu-ray players and recorders cannot utilize BD-R LTH; however, a firmware upgrade can enable devices to access BD-R LTH. Panasonic released such a firmware update in November 2007 for its DMR-BW200, DMR-BR100 and MR-BW900/BW800/BW700 models.[44] Pioneer was expected to ship the first LTH BD drives in Spring 2008.[45] Sony upgraded the PlayStation 3 firmware enabling BD-R LTH reading in March, 2008.[46]

In 2011, France's Ministry of Culture and Communication conducted a study on the suitability of data archival of LTH (low to high) discs compared to HTL (high to low) discs. The data they collected indicated that the overall quality of LTH discs is worse than HTL discs.[47][48]

See also[edit]

  • Blu-ray
  • Optical disc authoring
  • List of optical disc manufacturers
  • CD-R, DVD±R

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ RE and R definitions from the same date have different Part 1 and Part 2 specifications, but share the same Part 3 specifications.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Blu-ray FAQ: How much data can you fit on a Blu-ray disc?". blu-ray.com (not affiliated with the Blu-ray Disc Association). Archived from the original on 2014-02-14. Retrieved 2010-01-09.
  2. ^ AfterDawn.com. "BDA approves BDXL quad-layer Blu-ray standard". AfterDawn. Archived from the original on 2017-02-24. Retrieved 2017-02-24.
  3. ^ a b http://academic.hep.com.cn/foe/article/2014/2095-2759/11051
  4. ^ "Blu-ray FAQ: How fast can you read/write data on a Blu-ray disc?". blu-ray.com (not affiliated with the Blu-ray Disc Association). Archived from the original on 2014-02-14. Retrieved 2010-06-03.
  5. ^ a b "Format Specification - R2". www.blu-raydisc.info. Archived from the original on 2010-08-26. Retrieved 2017-02-24.
  6. ^ White paper – Blu-ray Disc Format, 3. File System Specifications for BD-RE, R, ROM, August 2004 (PDF), archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-01-24, retrieved 2010-06-10
  7. ^ a b c d Blu-ray Disc Association. "Blu-ray – All Books, As of December 2018" (PDF).
  8. ^ Blu-ray Disc Association. "Blu-ray – All Books, As of June 2010" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  9. ^ Blu-ray Disc Association. "RE1 Content Protection". Archived from the original on 2010-07-02. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  10. ^ Blu-ray Disc Association. "RE (Key) 1 Content Protection". Archived from the original on 2010-07-02. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  11. ^ "Format Specification - RE2". www.blu-raydisc.info. Archived from the original on 2010-07-01. Retrieved 2017-02-24.
  12. ^ Blu-ray Disc Association. "RE 2 Content Protection". Archived from the original on 2010-07-02. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  13. ^ Blu-ray Disc Association. "Hybrid Format Specification". Archived from the original on 2010-07-02. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  14. ^ LTH was included in the "Blu-ray Disc Recordable Format Ver.1.2" specifications. Archived 2008-02-25 at the Wayback Machine cdrinfo.com
  15. ^ "Format Specification - RE3". www.blu-raydisc.info. Archived from the original on 2010-07-01. Retrieved 2017-02-24.
  16. ^ Blu-ray Disc Association. "RE4 Format Specification (BDXL)". Archived from the original on 2010-06-28. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  17. ^ Blu-ray Disc Association. "R3 Format Specification (BDXL)". Archived from the original on 2010-06-30. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
  18. ^ Staff Reporter (2015-12-21). "Portable Blu-Ray Players features". NotASingleDrop. Archived from the original on 2017-02-24. Retrieved 2017-02-24.
  19. ^ Blu-ray Disc Association. "RE5 Format Specification". Archived from the original on 2018-04-22. Retrieved 2018-04-21.
  20. ^ Blu-ray Disc Association. "R4 Format Specification". Archived from the original on 2018-04-22. Retrieved 2018-04-21.
  21. ^ Electronics, Computers & Accessories, Blu-ray Burners. Amazon. Retrieved on 2018-04-21.
  22. ^ PlexDisc 633-814 25 GB 6x Blu-ray Logo Top Single Layer Recordable Disc BD-R, 50-Disc Spindle . Amazon. Retrieved on 2018-04-21.
  23. ^ "【铼德刻录盘】铼德(RITEK)BD-R蓝光光盘/刻录盘 10速25G 可打印 桶装50片" [RITEK BD-R, 10x 25G printable, 50-disc spindle]. Jingdong (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
  24. ^ Smart Buy 50 Pack Bd-r Dl 50gb 6x Blu-ray Double Layer Recordable Disc Blank Logo Data Video Media 50-discs Spindle.... Amazon. Retrieved on 2018-04-21.
  25. ^ Verbatim Blu-ray Disc 50 pcs Spindle - 25GB 2X BD-RE Rewritable Bluray - Inkjet Printable. Amazon. Retrieved on 2018-04-21.
  26. ^ 10 Verbatim Bluray Bd-re Dl 50 Gb Rewritable Blueray Original Spindle (Japan). Amazon. Retrieved on 2018-04-21.
  27. ^ "10 Verbatim Bluray 100gb BD-R XL Triple Layer 4x Speed Blu-ray Inkjet Printable Discs". Amazon. Retrieved 2018-04-21.
  28. ^ "3 Sony Blu Ray 100 GB BD-RE BDXL 3D Bluray Triple Layer Bluray Printable Disc". Amazon. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
  29. ^ http://www.blu-raydisc.com/Assets/Downloadablefile/White_Paper_BD-RE_5th_20180216.pdf
  30. ^ "Not all Blu-ray discs are created equal, but does BD-R quality matter?". Digistor Blog. Archived from the original on 12 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
  31. ^ "Recording/Playback Mechanism and Recording Materials". Sony Global. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
  32. ^ "Recording/Playback Mechanism(-R) "Laminar Phase Separation"". Sony Global. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
  33. ^ "Archived copy". doi:10.1007/s12200-014-0413-7. S2CID 195208706. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  34. ^ a b c "14. Disc Construction and Manufacturing". Hugh's News BD FAQ. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
  35. ^ "Enterprise Grade BD-R for Archive | MITSUBISHI KAGAKU MEDIA". October 26, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-10-26.
  36. ^ Lai, Feng-Min; Yang, Yao-Tsung; Ou, Sin-Liang (April 21, 2019). "Thermal, Optical, and Microstructural Properties of Magnetron Sputter-Deposited CuSi Films for Application in Write-Once Blu-Ray Discs". Coatings. 9 (4): 260. doi:10.3390/coatings9040260 – via www.mdpi.com.
  37. ^ "Recording Mechanism (-RE) "Phase-change material"". Sony Global. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
  38. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-11-15. Retrieved 2020-04-21.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  39. ^ https://docs-europe.electrocomponents.com/webdocs/0bdc/0900766b80bdcccf.pdf[permanent dead link]
  40. ^ Fuxi, Gan; Yang, Wang (February 9, 2015). Data Storage at the Nanoscale: Advances and Applications. CRC Press. ISBN 9789814613200 – via Google Books.
  41. ^ "E\PCOS 2009". epcos.
  42. ^ https://2534e415-f50f-44ab-8808-eb608caa1472.filesusr.com/ugd/3d44dd_780c17469fa14d8eb2c1394b4f5a5fee.pdf
  43. ^ Pioneer and Mitsubishi Develop Low cost BD-R Discs Using Organic Recording Layers, CDR info, archived from the original on 2008-02-25, retrieved 2008-03-26.
  44. ^ Firmware Adds Support for LTH BD-R Discs to Panasonic Recorders, CDR info, archived from the original on 2008-01-22, retrieved 2008-03-26.
  45. ^ Taiyo Yuden, Mitsubishi and Maxell Release First LTH BD-R Discs, CDR info, archived from the original on 2008-02-27, retrieved 2008-03-26.
  46. ^ PS3 firmware update v2.20 available – added support for LTH BD-R, After Dawn, archived from the original on 2008-03-29, retrieved 2008-03-26.
  47. ^ French research: Avoid Blu-ray LTH discs for data archival Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine. myce. Retrieved on 2013-06-14.
  48. ^ Qualite des Disques Blu-Ray Enregistrables pour L’Archivage des Donnees Numeriques Archived 2012-12-27 at the Wayback Machine. Ministère de la Culture et de la Communica. Retrieved on 2013-06-14.

External links[edit]

  • Blu-ray Player BD-R Compatibility Chart