De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
  (Redirigido desde Área urbana funcional )
Saltar a navegación Saltar a búsqueda

La zona urbana más grande ( LUZ ), o área urbana funcional ( FUA ), es una medida de la población y la extensión de las áreas metropolitanas en Europa . [1] Consiste en una ciudad y su zona de desplazamiento. [2]

La definición fue introducida en 2004 por Eurostat , la agencia de estadística de la Unión Europea (UE), de acuerdo con las oficinas nacionales de estadística de los estados miembros. [3] [4] Los datos de Eurostat se proporcionan sobre ciudades de la UE, sus países candidatos y países de la AELC . Varias ciudades fueron excluidas por definición de la lista de LUZ de 2004 por motivos técnicos y de definición, como la coincidencia del área metropolitana con la zona urbana. [5] [6] [7]

El LUZ representa un intento de una definición armonizada del área metropolitana . El objetivo de Eurostat era tener un área desde la cual una parte significativa de los residentes se trasladaran a la ciudad, un concepto conocido como la "región urbana funcional". Para garantizar una buena disponibilidad de datos, Eurostat ajusta los límites de LUZ a los límites administrativos que se aproximan a la región urbana funcional.

En 2006, las definiciones de LUZ se cambiaron significativamente, mejorando la comparabilidad de las definiciones de LUZ en diferentes países y permitiendo que se incluyeran casi todas las ciudades.

Lista de zonas urbanas más grandes [ editar ]

Esta es una lista de zonas urbanas más grandes. La Auditoría Urbana también incluye ciudades de países de la AELC (Islandia, Liechtenstein, Noruega y Suiza) y países candidatos a la UE. La Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) utiliza una definición similar de Área Urbana Funcional para representar el tamaño de la población de las ciudades en los países de la OCDE. [8] Estos datos también se incluyen.

Las cifras de la base de datos de Eurostat son un intento de lograr un compromiso entre los datos armonizados para toda la Unión Europea y la disponibilidad de datos estadísticos, lo que hace que las comparaciones sean más precisas. [9]

  Zonas fuera de la Unión Europea
Zona urbana más grandePaísPoblación de la OCDE (2014) [8]Eurostat Población (2006) [10]Eurostat Población (2016) [11]
Área metropolitana de Amsterdam Países Bajos2,452,6592.497.000 [a]2,771,661
Amberes Bélgica1.081.9041.406.000 [b]1,100,139
Atenas Grecia3,535,0553.761.0003.863.763
Área metropolitana de Barcelona España3.846.6974.082.000 [c]5.445.616
Berlina Alemania4.399.5424.016.0005,005,216
Bilbao España1.013.805947.0001.025.109
Birmingham ( West Midlands ) Reino Unido1,957,0783.701.1072,332,629
Burdeos Francia1,175,699Sin datos1.244.264
Bremen Alemania1.027.1921.077.0001.244.363
Bristol Reino Unido836,6211.041.0001.090.080
Región de Bruselas-Capital Bélgica2,588,1022.639.000 [b]2.625.525
Área metropolitana de Bucarest RumaniaSin datos2,158,5582.403.107
Área metropolitana de Budapest Hungría2.879.6012.523.0002,993,948
Cardiff Reino Unido664,8611.097.0001.085.526
Copenhague Dinamarca2,025,1711,881,000 [d]1,893,010
Área metropolitana de Dublín Irlanda1.836.1191.261.3321.263.035
Frankfurt / Región del Rin-Meno Alemania2.533.3112.764.000 [e]2.573.745
Gdańsk Polonia1,105,467Sin datos1.141.954 [f]
Gran Glasgow Reino Unido967,1011.395.0001,789,003
Gotemburgo metropolitano Suecia1.015.974Sin datos1.006.548 [g]
La haya Países Bajos906,8971.404.000 [a]1.070.027
Región Metropolitana de Hamburgo Alemania3.008.8412,983,0003,173,871
Hanovre Alemania1.217.511Sin datos1.300.687
Área metropolitana de Helsinki Finlandia1,498,0501,285,0001,532,309
Área metropolitana de Katowice Polonia2,589,3493.029.000 [h]2,743,929
Área metropolitana de Cracovia Polonia1.362.7401.236.0001,276,438
Yorkshire del Oeste ( Leeds - Bradford ) Reino Unido1,774,552 [i]2.302.0002,238,127
Lille – Kortrijk – Tournai Francia / Bélgica
 		1.363.465 [j]1.379.000 [k]2,572,374
Área metropolitana de Lisboa Portugal2,886,6622.591.0002.839.908
Liverpool / Birkenhead Reino Unido954,1812,241,0001,352,000
Ódź Polonia939,5681,165,0001,116,660
Área metropolitana de londres Reino Unido11,701,23613,109,00012,250,000
Lyon Francia1,960,8471,669,0002,188,759
Área metropolitana de Madrid España7.079.1735.263.0006.378.297
Gran Manchester Reino Unido1.935.5592.556.0002.615.144
Mannheim Alemania1.230.276Sin datos1,172,821
Marsella Francia1,773,5031,530,0001.750.885 [l]
Área metropolitana de Milán Italia4.159.8544.136.000 [m]4.267.946
Munich Alemania2,965,8712.665.000 [n]2.808.581
Área metropolitana de Nápoles Italia4.475.6824.654.259 [o]4.127.390
Lindo Francia865,1951.082.0001.017.307
Nottingham - Derby Reino Unido863,9181,614,0001,927,550
Región Metropolitana de Nuremberg Alemania1,169,3671,443,0001,301,504
Gran Oslo Noruega1,299,9551.037.0001,144,883
Ostrava República Checa sin datos sin datos1,119,593 [p]
Área metropolitana de París Francia12,037,88913,975,00012,824,000
Área metropolitana de Oporto Portugal1.313.8291.245.000 [q]1,286,111
Portsmouth - Southampton Reino Unido594,4551,547,0001.498.402 [r]
Praga República Checa1,910,3961,669,0002.224.080 [s]
Rhein-Nord[t] (Düsseldorf - Neuss) Germany1,427,823[u]3,073,000[v]1,527,176
Rhein-Süd[t] (Cologne - Bonn) Germany1,926,073[w]3,070,000[v]3,023,545[x]
Riga LatviaNo data1,195,0001,089,767
Rome metropolitan area Italy4,149,3644,353,7383,700,000
Rotterdam Netherlands1,509,3731,904,000[a]1,818,563
Ruhr area GermanyNo data[y]5,376,000[v]5,045,784
Saarbrücken - Forbach Germany/
 France		570,479[z]1,102,000822,128
Seville Spain1,500,6441,180,000[aa]1,877,060
Sofia BulgariaNo data1,260,1201,543,377
Metropolitan Stockholm Sweden2,018,2082,171,0002,034,354[citation needed]
South Yorkshire (Sheffield) United Kingdom920,1281,569,0001,596,298
Stuttgart Metropolitan Region Germany1,965,9422,289,0002,678,795
Thessaloniki metropolitan area Greece975,4391,052,0001,166,914
Toulouse France1,309,149No data1,388,978
Turin metropolitan area Italy1,774,5071,601,000[ab]2,302,353
Newcastle-Sunderland United Kingdom1,082,729[ac]1,599,0001,141,879
Valencia Spain1,668,1531,398,000[ad]2,516,818
Vienna Austria2,793,6312,584,0002,339,807
Warsaw metropolitan area Poland3,037,8902,785,0003,304,641
Zagreb CroatiaNo data1,107,1151,123,374
Zürich metropolitan area  Switzerland1,246,9681,615,0001,984,534

List of larger urban zones by population as of 2004[edit]

This is a list of larger urban zones by population as of 2004. The 2004 Urban Audit also includes cities from EFTA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland) and EU candidate countries, although the only candidate country for which there is available data is Turkey. Some cities, including Marseille, Lille, Nice, Cordoba, Badajoz, Toulon and Montpellier were excluded from the 2004 list on technical, definitional grounds, such as the coincidence of the metropolitan area with the urban zone.

RankLarger urban zoneCountryPopulationArea (km2)
1Paris France11,217,00012,079.87[12]
2Istanbul Turkey (non EU state)11,154,928
3London United Kingdom (former EU state)10,345,1248,900[12]
4Madrid Spain5,804,8298,022
5Ruhr Area Germany5,302,1794,435
6Berlin Germany4,971,33117,385
7Naples Italy4,475,682564.95
8Barcelona Spain4,233,6381,796.64
9Athens Greece4,013,3683,806.92
10Ankara Turkey (non EU state)3,736,359
11Rome Italy3,457,6903,666.66
12Hamburg Germany3,134,6207,304
12Milan Italy3,076,6431,348.32
13Upper Silesian Industrial Region Poland2,710,3972,650.65
14Stuttgart Germany2,663,6603,654
15Warsaw Poland2,660,4065,198.52
16Manchester United Kingdom (former EU state)2,539,1001,280
17Munich Germany2,531,7065,504
18Frankfurt Germany2,517,5614,305
19Izmir Turkey (non EU state)2,459,474
20Lisbon Portugal2,435,8371,432.49
21Budapest Hungary2,393,8462,538[12]
22Leeds United Kingdom (former EU state)2,393,3005,114[12]
23Birmingham United Kingdom (former EU state)2,357,1001,598
24Vienna Austria2,179,7694,610.93[12]
25Bucharest Romania2,140,194662
26Prague Czech Republic1,964,7506,977[12]
27Cologne Germany1,873,5801,626
28Stockholm Sweden1,860,8726,519
29Copenhagen Denmark1,806,667[12]2,759[12]
30Brussels Belgium1,800,6631,613.91
31Glasgow United Kingdom (former EU state)1,747,1003,346
32Turin Italy1,745,2211,878.97
33Lyon France1,717,3005,997.68[12]
34Belgrade Serbia (non EU state)1,683,962514
35Valencia Spain1,564,1451,440.58
36Dublin Republic of Ireland1,535,446[12]
37Düsseldorf Germany1,525,0291,201
38Bursa Turkey (non EU state)1,474,482
39Amsterdam Netherlands1,443,258859.28
40Adana Turkey (non EU state)1,394,130
41Liverpool United Kingdom (former EU state)1,365,900821
42Bielefeld Germany1,297,8762,921
43Hanover Germany1,294,4472,966
44Nuremberg Germany1,288,7972,934
45Sheffield United Kingdom (former EU state)1,277,1001,846
46Kraków Poland1,264,3222,988.65
47Sofia Bulgaria1,263,807[12]3,424.2[12]
48Seville Spain1,249,3463,081.9
49Bremen Germany1,249,2915,885
50Helsinki Finland1,224,1072,969.94
51Rotterdam Netherlands1,186,818611.75
52Łódź Poland1,163,5162,857.51
53Ostrava Czech Republic1,153,8763,889.6[12]
54Zurich  Switzerland (non EU state)1,110,4781,086.14
55Tricity Poland1,105,2033,457.32
56Porto Portugal1,099,040562.32
57Oslo Norway (non EU state)1,090,5136,920
58Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom (former EU state)1,055,6003,385
59Gaziantep Turkey (non EU state)1,052,795
60Toulouse France1,052,4974,706.93[12]
61Wrocław Poland1,031,4394,582.2
62Poznań Poland1,018,5113,719.2
63Gothenburg Sweden1,015,9743,694.86
64Bristol United Kingdom (former EU state)1,006,6001,635
65Riga Latvia1,003,9495,382.5

Urban Audit[edit]

Eurostat's Urban Audit is about much more than demographics. In order for it to be useful as a policy tool to the European Commission and other authorities it contains data for over 250 indicators across the following domains:[13][14]

  • Demography
  • Social Aspects
  • Economic Aspects
  • Civic Involvement
  • Training and Education
  • Environment
  • Travel and Transport
  • Information Society
  • Culture and Recreation

See also[edit]

  • List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits
  • List of urban areas in the European Union
  • List of metropolitan areas in Europe
  • Largest metropolitan areas in the Nordic countries
  • World's largest cities

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Part of the Randstad polycentric urban region consisting of the metropolitan areas of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht (982,000). The total population of the region is 7,100,000.
  2. ^ a b The Flemish Diamond metropolitan region, which consists of the metropolitan areas of Brussels, Antwerp, Gent, and Leuven, has a total population of 5,103,000.
  3. ^ Total population is 4,251,000 if the metropolitan area of Mataro (169,000) is included.
  4. ^ Part of the wider Öresund region, which includes the Swedish metropolitan area of Malmö (961,000). The total regional population is 2,842,000.
  5. ^ Part of the Rhein-Main metropolitan region with a total population of 4,149,000, which additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Darmstadt (501,000), Wiesbaden (453,000), and Mainz (431,000).
  6. ^ 2014 data
  7. ^ 2017 data
  8. ^ Part of the polycentric Upper Silesian urban region with a total population of 5,294,000. The region additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Ostrava (1,046,000), Bielsko-Biala (584,000) and Rybnik (526,000).
  9. ^ Leeds and Bradford counted separately.
  10. ^ Kortrijk not included.
  11. ^ Part of the wider Lille-Bassin Minier region with a total population of 3,115,000.
  12. ^ 2014 data
  13. ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 6,011,000.
  14. ^ When combined with the Augsburg metropolitan area (606,000), the region has a total population of 3,271,000.
  15. ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 3,714,000.
  16. ^ 2015
  17. ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 1,778,000.
  18. ^ Excludes Southampton
  19. ^ 2015
  20. ^ a b Polycentric metropolitan area
  21. ^ Excludes Neuss.
  22. ^ a b c Part of the polycentric urban region of Rhein-Ruhr, which has a total population of 12,190,000.
  23. ^ Excludes Bonn which has a population of 750,370
  24. ^ Excludes Bonn
  25. ^ Essen, Bochum, and Dortmund counted separately.
  26. ^ Saarbrücken only
  27. ^ Total population is 1,262,000 if the metropolitan area of Utrera (82,000) is included.
  28. ^ Total population is 1,716,000 if the metropolitan of Pinerolo is included.
  29. ^ Excludes Sunderland
  30. ^ Total population is 1,499,000 if the metropolitan area of Sagunto is included.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Position Statement on Cohesion Policy 2014–2020 Archived 2 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine, EuroMETREX. Retrieved 2 July 2015.
  2. ^ "European cities – the EU-OECD functional urban area definition". Eurostat.
  3. ^ "City statistics - Urban audit". Eurostat. 2006. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009.
  4. ^ "The shift of Eurostat to Urban Statistics". Dr. Berthold Feldmann, Eurostat. March 2006. Archived from the original on 20 September 2006.
  5. ^ http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/AU1999/RS_AU1999003.pdf Archived 27 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20110727094843/http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/AU1999/RS_AU1999004.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. ^ (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20110727094905/http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/AU1999/RS_AU1999006.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ^ a b "OEDC Populations in cities". OEDC. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
  9. ^ "Urban Audit Database". Urbanaudit.org. Archived from the original on 23 May 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
  10. ^ European Spatial Planning Observation Network, Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3) Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007)
  11. ^ http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Data for 2001 (2004 data not yet available)
  13. ^ "Urban Audit". European Commission. 2006. Archived from the original on 31 May 2013.
  14. ^ "State of European Cities Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2011.

External links[edit]

  • GMES Urban Atlas: PDF files, ZIP files
  • Eurostat: European cities
  • Eurostat: Total population in Urban Audit cities, Larger Urban Zone