Esta es una lista de periódicos afroamericanos que se han publicado en el estado de Nueva York . Incluye periódicos tanto actuales como históricos. Nueva York fue el lugar de nacimiento de la prensa afroamericana, con la publicación de Freedom's Journal en 1827, y desde entonces sigue siendo un vibrante centro de publicaciones.
Periódicos
Septentrional
A los efectos de esta lista, Upstate New York es la totalidad del estado de Nueva York fuera de la ciudad de Nueva York y Long Island.
Ciudad | Título | Comenzando | Final | Frecuencia | Números de llamada | Observaciones |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albany | Capitolio de Albany | Década de 1890 [1] | ? [1] | Periódico mensual [1] |
| |
Albany | The Community Chronicle The Community News (1993) [3] | 1993 [2] | Década de 1990 [2] | Periódico mensual [2] | ||
Albany / Buffalo | El espectador quincenal | 1899 [4] | 1900 [4] | Quincenalmente [4] |
| |
Albany | El Libertador de Albany | Década de 1960 [5] | Década de 1900 [5] | Quincenalmente [5] |
| |
Albany | The Sojourner-Herald de Nueva York The Sojourn-Herald (1993-1994) [6] | 1993 [6] | ? | Periódico mensual [7] |
|
|
Albany | La estrella del norte y el abogado de Freeman | 1842 [8] | 1843 [8] | Semanal [8] o mensual [9] |
| |
Albany | La escena del extremo sur [11] | 1977 [11] | Década de 1990 [10] | Periódico mensual [10] |
| |
Albany | Voces urbanas | 2000 [12] | ? | Periódico mensual [12] |
|
|
Albany | ¡Whazup! | 1994 [13] | Década de 1990 [13] | Periódico mensual [13] |
|
|
Búfalo | El búfalo americano | 1920 [14] | ? | Semanal [14] |
| |
Búfalo | Noticias negras | 1970 [15] | ? [15] | Desconocido [15] | ||
Búfalo | La emisora de Buffalo | 1937? [dieciséis] | ? [dieciséis] | Semanal [16] | ||
Búfalo | El criterio del búfalo / el criterio del búfalo metropolitano (1973-1978) [17] | 1925 [18] | Actual | Semanal [18] |
| |
Búfalo |
| 1948 [20] | ? [19] | Semanal [19] |
|
|
Búfalo | Boletín Empire State | 1966 [22] | Década de 1900 [22] | Semanal [22] |
| |
Búfalo | Letra pequeña | 1972? [23] | ? [23] | Semanal [23] |
|
|
Búfalo | El guardián del búfalo | 1946 [24] | Década de 1900 [24] | Semanal [24] |
|
|
Búfalo | El presentador de noticias de Buffalo | 1963 [25] | Década de 1900 [25] | Semanal [25] |
|
|
Búfalo | Portavoz de Buffalo | 1928? [26] | ? [26] | Semanal [26] | ||
Búfalo | Challenger semanal de Buffalo | 1977 [27] | 1979 [27] | Semanal [27] |
| |
Búfalo | Challenger Community News / Challenger / Buffalo, Nueva York Challenger News Weekly [28] / Buffalo Challenger (1979–1981) [29] Challenger News Weekly | 1962 [30] | Actual | Semanal [30] |
|
|
Hastings on Hudson | Prensa del condado de Westchester | 1928 [31] | Actual | Semanal [31] |
|
|
Ítaca | El monitor | 1923 [35] | Década de 1900 [35] | Periódico mensual [35] |
|
|
Ítaca | The Wheat Street Independiente | 1990 [36] | ? | Periódico mensual [36] |
|
|
Monte Vernon | El observador de Westchester | 1947? [37] | 1971? [37] | Semanal [37] |
|
|
Newburgh | The Hudson Valley Black Press | 1983 [38] o 1984 [39] | Actual | Semanal [39] |
|
|
Poughkeepsie | Mid-Hudson Herald | 1968 [40] | Década de 1900 [40] | Quincenalmente [40] |
| |
Rochester | Rochester Challenger | 1962 [41] | 1971? [41] | Semanal [41] |
| |
Rochester | La Comunicada | 1972 [43] o 1973? [42] | ? [42] | Quincenal [42] |
| |
Rochester | Mensual de Douglass | 1858 [44] | 1863 [44] | Periódico mensual [44] |
|
|
Rochester | Frederick Douglass Voice | 1967 [45] | Década de 1970 [45] | Quincenalmente [45] |
| |
Rochester | Frederick Douglass Voice | 1934? [46] | ? [46] | Semanal [46] |
|
|
Rochester | Papel de Frederick Douglass | 1851 [47] | 1860 [47] | Semanal [47] |
|
|
Rochester | La estrella del norte | 1847 [48] | 1851 [48] | Semanal [48] |
|
|
Rochester | Estrella | Semanal [49] |
| |||
Rochester |
| 1933 [51] | 1967 [50] | Quincenalmente [51] |
|
|
Schenectady | El comunicador | 1993 [52] | ? | Periódico mensual [52] |
|
|
Siracusa | La bandera de Siracusa | 1980 [53] | ? | Irregular [53] |
|
|
Siracusa | CNY Syracuse Gazette | 1980 [54] | 1980 [54] | Semanal [54] |
| |
Siracusa | Siracusa Challenger | 1970 [55] | Década de 1900 [55] | Semanal [55] |
| |
Siracusa | La Constitución de Siracusa | 1989 [56] | ? | Irregular [56] |
|
|
Siracusa | El cruzado de Siracusa | 1988 [57] | ? | Periódico mensual [57] |
| |
Siracusa | Syracuse Gazette News Weekly | 1973 [58] | 1976 [58] | Irregular [58] |
| |
Siracusa | Gaceta de Siracusa | Década de 1900 [59] | 1973 [59] | Irregular [59] |
| |
Siracusa | La Gaceta de Siracusa | 1976 [60] | 1980 [60] | Semanal [60] |
| |
Syracuse | Home Town News | 1960s[61] | 1960s[61] | Weekly[61] |
|
|
Syracuse | The Impartial Citizen | 1980[62] | ? | Weekly |
|
|
Syracuse | Progressive Herald | 1932[64] | 1957[64] | Weekly[64] |
|
|
Utica | The Utica Sentinel / The Black Sentinel (1983)[66] | 1983[65] | 1900s[65] | Monthly newspaper[65] |
|
|
Utica | The Western Echo | 1870s[67] | ?[67] |
|
| |
White Plains | The Westchester County Press | 1928[68] | 2010s | Weekly[68] |
|
Long Island
City | Title | Beginning | End | Frequency | Call numbers | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Freeport | Community Journal | 1993[69] | ? | Biweekly[69] |
| |
Great Neck | New York Trend | 1991[70] | Bimonthly newspaper[70] |
| ||
Hempstead | Hempstead Beacon (1963–) The Beacon (1956–1963) | 1956[71] | Weekly[72] |
|
| |
Hempstead | Community Reporter | 1990s[73] | ? | Monthly newspaper[73] |
| |
Hempstead | Economic Forum | 1973?[74] | ? | Biweekly[74] |
| |
Hempstead | Hempstead Village Times | 1996[75] | ? | Unknown[75] |
| |
Huntington | Black Starliner | 1988[76] | 1900s[76] | Monthly newspaper[76] |
| |
Long Island | Long Island Call | 1952[77] | ?[77] | Weekly[77] | ||
Roosevelt | Community Journal | 1993[78] | ? | Twice monthly[78] or weekly[79] |
|
|
West Hempstead | Long Island Rapper | 1973[80] | ?[80] | Weekly[80] |
| |
Westbury | Long Island Free Press | 1970[81] | 1970s[81] | Monthly newspaper[81] |
| |
Wyandanch | Point Of View | 1900s[82] | Biweekly[82] |
|
|
New York City
Newspapers are listed by borough where available.
City | Title | Beginning | End | Frequency | Call numbers | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bronx | Caribbean Daylight | 1992[83] | Weekly[83] |
|
| |
Bronx | The Bronx Independent | 1956[84] | ?[84] | Monthly except July and August[84] | ||
Bronx | The Listener-News: Thought And Opinion / The Listener: Thought And Opinion (1938–1939)[86] | 1938[86] | 1900s[85] | Weekly[87] |
| |
Brooklyn | New York Echo | 1974[88] | 1900s[88] | Weekly[88] |
|
|
Brooklyn | The Brooklyn Advocate | 1993[89] | Monthly newspaper[89] |
| ||
Brooklyn | Afro Times / Afro-American Times (1987)[90] | 1987[91] | Weekly[91] |
| ||
Brooklyn | Big Apple After Five | 1975[92] | 1994?[92] | Weekly[92] |
| |
Brooklyn | Black Community | 1968[93] | ?[93] | Twice monthly newspaper[93] |
| |
Brooklyn | The City Sun | 1984[94] | 1996[94] | Weekly[94] |
|
|
Brooklyn | Daily Challenge New York Daily Challenge | 1972[95] | ? | Daily (except Saturday, Sunday and legal holidays)[95] |
|
|
Brooklyn | Fort Greene News | 1991?[99] | Twice a month[99] |
| ||
Brooklyn | Haiti Diaspo | 1987?[100] | ?[100] | Monthly[100] |
|
|
Brooklyn | Haïti Progrès | 1983[101] | current | Weekly[101] |
|
|
Brooklyn | The Network Journal | 1991?[102] | Monthly[102] |
|
| |
Brooklyn | The New York Beacon Big Red News (1976–1993)[103] | 1976[103] | current | Weekly[104] |
|
|
Brooklyn | New York Recorder | 1953[105] | 1987[105] | Weekly[105] |
|
|
Brooklyn | Our Time Press | 1996[106] | current | Monthly[106] |
|
|
Brooklyn | Brooklyn Trend | 1987[107] | ?[107] | Monthly[107] |
| |
Brooklyn | The Brooklyn Voice | 1939[108] | ?[108] | Weekly[108] | ||
Manhattan | Carib News / The New York Carib News: the Weekly Voice of the Caribbean-American Community | 1983[109] | current | Weekly[109] |
|
|
Manhattan | Freedom's Journal | 1827[110] | 1829[110] | Weekly[110] |
| |
Manhattan | The Harlem Advocate | 1996[111] | Monthly[111] | |||
Manhattan | The Harlem Bulletin | 1937?[112] | ?[112] | Weekly[112] |
| |
Manhattan | Harlem Chronicle | 1938[113] | ?[113] | Twice monthly[113] | ||
Manhattan | The Harlem Daily | 1965[114] | ?[114] | Daily, Monday through Friday[115] |
|
|
Manhattan | Harlem Democrat | 1949[116] | ?[116] | Unknown[116] |
| |
Manhattan | Harlem Evening Star | 1928?[117] | ?[117] | Three times a week[117] |
| |
Manhattan | Harlem Heights Daily Citizen | 1933[118] | 1934[118] | Daily (except Sunday)[118] |
| |
Manhattan | Harlem Home Journal | 1928?[119] | ?[119] | Weekly[119] | ||
Manhattan | Harlem News | 1967[120] | 1971[120] | Monthly[120] |
| |
Manhattan | The Harlem Overheard | 1996[121] | ? | Quarterly newspaper[121] |
| |
Manhattan | Harlem Reporter | 1930[122] | ?[122] | Weekly[122] |
| |
Manhattan | Harlem Resident Community News / Harlem Community News | 1996[123] | current | Biweekly[123] |
|
|
Manhattan | Harlem Weekly | 1980?[124] | ?[124] | Weekly[124] |
| |
Manhattan | Harlem Youth Speaks | 1970s[125] | ?[125] |
| ||
Manhattan | Manhattan Tribune | 1968[126] | 1973?[126] | Weekly[126] |
| |
Manhattan | The Negro Liberator / Harlem Liberator (1933–1934)[127] | 1933[127] | 1935[127] | Weekly[127] or twice monthly[128] |
| |
Manhattan | The New American / Black American | 1972[129] | ? | Weekly[129] |
|
|
Manhattan | The New York News and Harlem Home Journal | 1914?[130] | ?[130] | Weekly[130] |
| |
Manhattan | Uptown: The Voice of Central Harlem | 1979[131] | ?[131] | 10 times per year[131] or monthly[132] |
|
|
New York | Mr. Muhammad Speaks | 1960[133] | 1961[133] | Monthly newspaper[133] |
| |
New York | People's Community News | 1970[134] | 1900s[134] | Weekly[134] |
| |
The Pine And Palm | 1861[135] | 1861[135] | Weekly[135] |
|
| |
New York | Africa and World News | 1977[136] | 1978?[136] | Weekly[136] |
|
|
New York | African News & Views | 1959[137] | ?[137] | Irregular[137] |
| |
Manhattan | The African Sun Times | 1996[138] | ? | Twice monthly[138] |
|
|
New York | The New York Age / New York Age Defender (1953–1957)[140] | 1887[141] | 1960[139] | Weekly[141] |
| |
New York | Alternatives | 1973[142] | ? | Irregular[142] |
| |
New York | The American Recorder | 1928[143] | ?[143] | Weekly[143] | ||
New York | The American West Indian News | 1928[144] | ?[144] | Weekly[144] | ||
New York | New York Amsterdam News / Amsterdam News | 1909[145] | 1941[145] | Weekly[145] |
|
|
New York | New York Amsterdam News | 1943[146] | current | Weekly[146] |
|
|
New York | New York Amsterdam Star-News | 1941[147] | 1943[147] | Weekly[147] |
|
|
New York | The Anglo-African | 1860s[148] | 1865[148] | Weekly[148] |
| |
New York | The Business Journal | 1922?[149] | ?[149] | Twice a month[149] | ||
New York | The Business World | 1921[150] | ?[150] | Weekly[150] | ||
New York | Calvin’s Newspaper Service | 1935[151] | ?[151] | Weekly[151] |
| |
New York | Caribbean Echo | 1969[152] | 1970[152] | Weekly[152] |
|
|
New York | Champion | 1943[153] | ?[153] | Monthly[153] |
| |
New York | New York Citizen-Call | 1960[154] | 1961[154] | Weekly[154] |
| |
New York | The City Sun | 1984[155] | 1996[155] | Weekly[155] |
|
|
New York | The Colored American | 1837[156] | 1842[156] | Weekly[156] |
| |
New York | Connection: All African Community Newsweekly | 1987[157] | ?[157] | Weekly[157] |
|
|
New York | New York Courier | 1961[158] | 1971[158] | Weekly[158] |
| |
New York | The Crusader | 1853[159] | 1854[159] | Weekly[159] |
| |
New York | Daily Journal | 2001[160] | ? | Daily (except Saturday and Sunday)[160] |
| |
New York | The Daily Star | 1921[161] | ?[161] | Daily[161] |
| |
New York | The Dunbar News | 1929[162] | ?[162] | Biweekly[162] |
| |
New York | El Mulato | 1854[163] | ?[163] | Weekly[164] or biweekly[163] |
|
|
New York | Ethiopian World | 1934[165] | ?[165] | Weekly[165] |
| |
New York | New York Evening Express | 1955[166] | ?[166] | Daily[166] |
| |
New York | Freedom | 1950[167] | 1955[167] | Monthly[167] |
|
|
New York | New York Freeman | 1884[169] | 1887[169] | Weekly[169] |
|
|
New York | The New York Globe | 1880[170] | 1884[170] | Weekly[170] |
|
|
New York | The Home Journal News | 1933[171] | 1900s[171] | Weekly[171] |
|
|
New York | The Hotel Tattler | 1922[172] | 1924[172] | Weekly[172] |
| |
New York | In-formation: Black Revolutionary Newspaper | 1965?[173] | ?[173] | Unknown[173] |
| |
New York | The Inter-State Tattler | 1925[174] | ?[174] | Weekly[174] |
| |
New York | Kontact | 1932[175] | 1900s[175] | Irregular[175] |
|
|
New York | Liberator | 1996[176] | Weekly[176] |
| ||
New York | The Liberator | 1929[177] | 1932[177] | Weekly[177] |
| |
New York | The Light: A Journal of Opinion, Information, Inspiration, Education | 1927[178] | ?[178] | Twice monthly[178] |
| |
New York | Lincoln News | 1929[179] | ?[179] | Weekly[179] | ||
New York | Metro Exchange | 1988?[180] | ? | Monthly[180] |
|
|
New York | National Negro News | 1938?[181] | ?[181] | Unknown[181] |
| |
New York | National New York Amsterdam News | 1949[182] | 1900s[182] | Weekly[182] |
|
|
New York | National News | 1932[183] | 1932[183] | Weekly[183] |
|
|
New York | The Negro Champion | 1928[185] | 1929[185] | Weekly[185] |
|
|
New York | The Negro Times / Daily Negro Times | 1920s[186] | ?[186] | Daily[186] |
|
|
New York | The Negro World | 1917[187] | 1933[187] | Biweekly[187] |
|
|
New York | The New African Observer | 1981[189] | ?[189] | Quarterly newspaper[189] |
| |
New York | New York Dispatch | 1920?[190] | ?[190] | Weekly[190] |
| |
New York | The Paper | 1970[191] | ? | Monthly newspaper[191] |
| |
New York | The People’s Voice | 1942[192] | 1948[192] | Weekly[192] |
| |
New York | Pictorial News | 1921[193] | ?[193] | Weekly[193] |
| |
New York | The Progressive American | 1871[194] | 1880s[194] | Weekly[194] |
|
|
New York | The Ram’s Horn | 1847[195] | 1848[195] | Weekly[195] |
| |
New York | The Reporter | 1935[196] | 1937?[196] | Weekly[196] |
|
|
New York | The Rights of All | 1829[198] | 1830[198] | Monthly[198] |
| |
New York | Rumor | 1880[199] | 1880[199] | Weekly[199] |
| |
New York | New York Star & Amsterdam News | 1941[200] | 1941[200] | Weekly[200] |
|
|
New York | New York State Contender | 1930?[201] | ?[201] | Weekly[201] | ||
New York | The Suffragist | 1880[202] | ?[202] | Weekly[202] |
|
|
New York | The Tattler | 1924[203] | 1920s[203] | Weekly[203] |
| |
New York | The Union | 1876[204] | 1890s[204] | Weekly[204] |
|
|
New York | The Unique Advertiser | 1904?[205] | ?[205] | Weekly[205] |
| |
New York | Weekly Advocate | 1837[206] | 1837[206] | Weekly[206] |
| |
New York | The Weekly Anglo-African | 1859[208] | 1862[207] | Weekly[208] |
|
|
New York | The West Indian Times and American Review | 1928[210] | ?[210] | Weekly[210] |
| |
New York | Woman’s Echo | 1948?[211] | ?[211] | Monthly[211] |
| |
New York | World Echo / World Peace Echo | 1934[212] | 1934[212] | Weekly[212] |
| |
New York | World Health | 1936[213] | 1937[213] | Weekly[213] |
|
|
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | Beton Arme | 1994[214] | ?[214] | Biweekly[214] |
|
|
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | Brooklyn Informer | 1920[215] | ?[215] | Weekly[215] |
| |
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | The Jamaican Gleaner | 1940[216] | ?[216] | Biweekly[216] | ||
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | Long Island Review | 1937[217] | ?[217] | Twice monthly[217] | ||
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | Long Island Star | 1953[218] | ?[218] | Weekly[218] |
| |
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | New Voice Of New York, Inc | 1999[219] | ? | Weekly[219] |
|
|
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | The New York Page | 1984[220] | ? | Irregular[220] |
| |
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | The New York Voice | 1971[221] | ?[221] | Weekly[221] |
| |
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | The Queens Voice | 1959[222] | 1970[222] | Weekly[222] |
| |
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | The Voice | 1970[223] | 1971[223] | Weekly[223] |
| |
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | The Weekly Gleaner | 1976?[224] | Weekly[224] |
| ||
Queens, New York (Jamaica) | Weekly Star | 1995?[225] | ?[225] | Weekly[225] |
|
|
Queens (Corona) | Enspire | 1996[226] | Monthly[226] | |||
Queens (Fresh Meadows / Jamaica (1968–1981) / Flushing) [228] | New York Voice, Inc. Harlem USA | 1958[228] | 1990s[227] | Weekly[228] or biweekly [227] |
| |
Staten Island | The Black Agenda | 1900s[229] | ? | Monthly newspaper[229] |
|
|
Staten Island | The Staten Island Black Press | 1979[230] | ?[230] | Unknown[230] | ||
Staten Island | The Black Reign Community Newspaper | 1996[231] | ? | Biweekly[231] |
|
Ver también
- List of African-American newspapers and media outlets
- List of African-American newspapers in Connecticut
- List of African-American newspapers in Massachusetts
- List of African-American newspapers in New Jersey
- List of African-American newspapers in Pennsylvania
- List of newspapers in New York
Trabajos citados
- Danky, James Philip; Hady, Maureen E., eds. (1998). African-American newspapers and periodicals : a national bibliography. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674007888.
- Ford, Angela; McFall, Kevin; Dabney, Bob (February 2019). "African American Media Today: Building The Future From The Past" (PDF). Democracy Fund.
- Smith, Jessie Carney (2012). Black Firsts: 4,000 Ground-Breaking and Pioneering Historical Events. Visible Ink Press. ISBN 9781578593699.
- Smith, Jessie Carney; Horton, Carrell Peterson, eds. (1995). Historical Statistics of Black America: Media to Vital Statistics. Gale Research. ISBN 0810393921.
Referencias
- ^ a b c d "About Albany capitol. (Albany, N.Y.) 189?-1???". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d e "About The community chronicle. [volume] (Albany, N.Y.) 1993-199?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ "About The community news. (Albany, N.Y.) 1993-1993". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About The Fortnightly spectator. (Albany and Buffalo, N.Y.) 1899-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About The Albany liberator. [microfilm reel] (Albany, N.Y.) 196?-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The Sojourn-herald. [volume] (Albany, N.Y.) 1993-1994". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About The New York sojourner-herald. [online resource] (Albany, N.Y.) 1994-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 431, ¶ 4486.
- ^ "About The northern star and freemen's advocate. [online resource] (Albany [N.Y.]) 1842-18??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About The scene. ([Albany, N.Y.]) 1985-199?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About South End scene. [volume] (Albany, N.Y.) 1977-1985". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About Urban voices. (Albany, NY) 2000-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About Whazup!. (Albany, NY) 1994-199?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 120, ¶ 1244.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 92, ¶ 940.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 120, ¶ 1246.
- ^ "About The Metropolitan Buffalo criterion. [volume] (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1973-1978". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 120, ¶ 1248.
- ^ a b "About The Empire star weekly. (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1953-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About The Empire star. (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1948-1953". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-03-31.
About The Empire star. (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1948-1953
- ^ Smith & Horton 1995, p. 1206.
- ^ a b c "About Empire state bulletin. [volume] (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1966-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 224, ¶ 2341.
- ^ a b c d "About The Buffalo guardian. [volume] (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1946-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About The Buffalo newscaster. [volume] (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1963-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 121, ¶ 1250.
- ^ a b c "About Buffalo weekly challenger. [volume] (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1977-1979". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ "About Buffalo, New York challenger news weekly. [volume] (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1962-197?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ "About Buffalo challenger. (Buffalo, N.Y.) 1979-1981". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 143, ¶ 1484.
- ^ a b "About The Westchester County press. [volume] (Hastings on Hudson, N.Y.) 1928-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ "About The Westchester County press. [microfilm reel] (Hastings-on-Hudson, N.Y.) 19??-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ AJ Woodson (2018-07-30). "PBP Radio Ep177 – Blacks In Media". Black Westchester Magazine. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
Our guests this week are Justin Walters – Fios1 News Sportcaster and Sandra Blackwell – Editor & Publisher of Westchester County Press.
- ^ a b c Ford 2019, p. 14.
- ^ a b c d "About The monitor. (Ithaca, N.Y.) 1923-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The Wheat Street independent. ([Ithaca, N.Y.) 1990-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 610, ¶ 6378.
- ^ "About Us - Hudson Valley Press Newspaper". Retrieved 2020-01-26.
Initially named The Hudson Valley Black Press, the newspaper was first published in Newburgh, New York on November 24, 1983.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 285, ¶ 2999.
- ^ a b c "About Mid-Hudson herald. (Poughkeepsie, N.Y.) 1968-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 495, ¶ 5167.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 167, ¶ 1736.
- ^ "About Communicade. [volume] (Rochester, N.Y.) 1972-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About Douglass' monthly. [volume] (Rochester, N.Y.) 1858-1863". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About Frederick Douglass voice. (Rochester, N.Y.) 1967-197?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 236, ¶ 2476.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 236, ¶ 2475.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 430, ¶ 4478.
- ^ a b c d Smith & Horton 1995, p. 1207.
- ^ a b c "About Rochester voice. (Rochester, N.Y.) 194?-1967 « Chronicling America « Library of Congress". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-03-31.
- ^ a b "About The Voice. (Rochester, N.Y.) 1933-194?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The communicator. [volume] (Schenectady, N.Y.) 1993-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About CNY Syracuse gazette. (Syracuse, N.Y.) 1980-1980". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About Syracuse challenger. (Syracuse, N.Y.) 1970-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The Syracuse constitution. (Syracuse, N.Y.) 1989-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About The Syracuse crusader. (Syracuse, N.Y.) 1988-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About Syracuse gazette news weekly. (Syracuse, N.Y.) 1973-1976". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About Syracuse gazette. (Syracuse, N.Y.) 19??-1973". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The Syracuse gazette. (Syracuse, N.Y.) 1976-1980". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About Home town news. (Syracuse, N.Y.) 196?-196?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About The impartial citizen. [volume] (Syracuse, N.Y.) 1980-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 292, ¶ 3072.
- ^ a b c d "About Progressive herald. (Syracuse, N.Y.) 1932-1957". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About The Utica sentinel. (Utica, N.Y.) 1983-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ "About The Black sentinel. (Utica, N.Y.) 1983-1983". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The western echo. (Utica, N.Y.) 187?-1???". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 610, ¶ 6377.
- ^ a b "About Community journal. (Freeport, N.Y.) 1993-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About New York trend. [volume] (Great Neck, N.Y.) 1991-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ "About Beacon. (Hempstead, N.Y.) 1956-1963". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 273, ¶ 2866.
- ^ a b "About Community reporter. (Hempstead, N.Y.) 199?-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 206, ¶ 2151.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 273, ¶ 2867.
- ^ a b c "About Black starliner. ([Huntington, N.Y.]) 1988-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 345, ¶ 3616.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 169, ¶ 1758.
- ^ a b "About The community journal. (Roosevelt, N.Y.) 1993-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About Long Island rapper. [volume] (West Hempstead, N.Y.) 1973-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About Long Island free press. (Westbury, N.Y.) 1970-197?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About Point of view. [volume] (Wyandanch, N.Y.) 19??-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 136, ¶ 1407.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 116, ¶ 1202.
- ^ "About The Listener-news: thought and opinion. [online resource] (Bronx, N.Y.) 1939-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About The Listener : thought and opinion. [online resource] (Bronx, N.Y.) 1938-1939". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ "About The Listener-news: thought and opinion. [online resource] (Bronx, N.Y.) 1939-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About New York echo. ([Brooklyn, N.Y.]) 1974-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 117, ¶ 1215.
- ^ "About Afro-American times. (Brooklyn, N.Y.) 1987-1987". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 22, ¶ 224.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 69, ¶ 718.
- ^ a b c "About Black community. (Brooklyn, N.Y.) 1968-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 155, ¶ 1609.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 183, ¶ 1908.
- ^ a b Randy Dotinga (May 12, 2000). "Largest newspapers are now all online". Editor & Publisher Magazine. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
137. The Daily Challenge (New York, N.Y.) 79,540
- ^ Tom Scocca (2004-11-01). "Off the Record". Observer. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
The Daily Challenge, he said, is officially Democratic, just like the Board of Elections requires.
- ^ "About Daily challenge. (Brooklyn, N.Y.) 1972-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 233, ¶ 2446.
- ^ a b c d e Danky & Hady 1998, p. 260, ¶ 2733.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 261, ¶ 2744.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 405, ¶ 4218.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 70, ¶ 723.
- ^ "About The New York beacon. [online resource] (Brooklyn, N.Y.) 1993-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 417, ¶ 4330.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 448, ¶ 4670.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 118, ¶ 1218.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 118, ¶ 1219.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 416, ¶ 4320.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 240, ¶ 2517.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 267, ¶ 2797.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 267, ¶ 2798.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 267, ¶ 2800.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 267, ¶ 2802.
- ^ "About The Harlem daily. [online resource] (New York, N.Y.) 1965-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 267, ¶ 2803.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 268, ¶ 2805.
- ^ a b c "About Harlem Heights daily citizen. (New York [N.Y.]) 1933-1934". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 268, ¶ 2807.
- ^ a b c "About Harlem news. (New York) 1967-1971". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 268, ¶ 2810.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 268, ¶ 2814.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 269, ¶ 2815.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 269, ¶ 2823.
- ^ a b "About Harlem youth speaks. [microfilm reel] ([New York, N.Y.]) 197?-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 352, ¶ 3686.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 401, ¶ 4176.
- ^ "About Negro liberator. (New York, N.Y.) 1934-1935". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 406, ¶ 4231.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 416, ¶ 4328.
- ^ a b c d "About Uptown. [microfilm reel] (New York, N.Y.) 1979-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ Danky & Hady 1998, p. 581, ¶ 6080.
- ^ a b c "About Mr. Muhammad speaks. ([New York, N.Y.) 1960-1961". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About People's community news. [online resource] ([Harlem) 1970-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d e "About The Pine and palm. [online resource] (Boston and New York) 1861-1861". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d e Danky & Hady 1998, p. 11, ¶ 106.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 16, ¶ 160.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 17, ¶ 173.
- ^ "About New York age. [microfilm reel] (New York, N.Y.) 1957-1960". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ "About New York age defender. [microfilm reel] (New York, N.Y.) 1953-1957". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 414, ¶ 4313.
- ^ a b "About Alternatives. (New York, N.Y.) 1973-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 42, ¶ 424.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 43, ¶ 432.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 415, ¶ 4314.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 415, ¶ 4315.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 415, ¶ 4316.
- ^ a b c "About The Anglo-African. (New York) 186?-1865". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 126, ¶ 1304.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 126, ¶ 1306.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 130, ¶ 1353.
- ^ a b c d "About Caribbean echo. (New York [N.Y.]) 1969-1970". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 143, ¶ 1488.
- ^ a b c "About New York citizen-call. (New York, N.Y.) 1960-1961". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About The City sun. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1984-1996". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 161, ¶ 1675.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 172, ¶ 1790.
- ^ a b c "About New York courier. (New York, N.Y.) 1961-1971". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The crusader. (New-York [N.Y.]) 1853-1854". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About Daily journal. (New York, NY) 2001-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 184, ¶ 1914.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 201, ¶ 2096.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 208, ¶ 2172.
- ^ "About El mulato. [online resource] (New York, N.Y.) 1854-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 215, ¶ 2249.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 416, ¶ 4322.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 239, ¶ 2503.
- ^ Danky & Hady 1998, p. 416, ¶ 2503.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 416, ¶ 4323.
- ^ a b c d e Danky & Hady 1998, p. 416, ¶ 4324.
- ^ a b c d "About The Home journal news. (New York [N.Y.]) 1933-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The hotel tattler. [microfilm reel] (New York [N.Y.]) 1922-1924". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 296, ¶ 3119.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 305, ¶ 3209.
- ^ a b c d "About Kontact. (New York, N.Y.) 1932-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 337, ¶ 3530.
- ^ a b c "About The liberator. (New York, N.Y.) 1929-1932". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 339, ¶ 3558.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 341, ¶ 3578.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 360, ¶ 3769.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 392, ¶ 4083.
- ^ a b c d "About National New York Amsterdam news. [volume] (New York) 1949-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About National news. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1932-1932". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ Danky & Hady 1998, p. 393, ¶ 4091.
- ^ a b c d "About The Negro champion. [volume] (New York) 1928-1929". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About The Negro times. (New York [N.Y.]) 192?-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 403, ¶ 4203.
- ^ "About The Negro world. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1917-1933". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 405, ¶ 4225.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 416, ¶ 4321.
- ^ a b "About The Paper. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1970-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 460, ¶ 4799.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 463, ¶ 4830.
- ^ a b c d "About The progressive American. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1871-188?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 483, ¶ 5040.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 489, ¶ 5104.
- ^ "About The Reporter. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1935-193?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 494, ¶ 5157.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 497, ¶ 5189.
- ^ a b c d "About New York star & Amsterdam news. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1941-1941". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 417, ¶ 4333.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 547, ¶ 5712.
- ^ a b c "About The tattler. [microfilm reel] (New York [N.Y.]) 1924-192?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "About The union. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1876-189?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 578, ¶ 6035.
- ^ a b c "About Weekly advocate. [online resource] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1837-1837". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About The weekly Anglo-African. [online resource] (New York) 1861-1862". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About The weekly Anglo-African. [online resource] (New York [N.Y.]) 1859-1861". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ Danky & Hady 1998, p. 605, ¶ 6328.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 609, ¶ 6363.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 618, ¶ 6461.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 621, ¶ 6492.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 621, ¶ 6493.
- ^ a b c d e Danky & Hady 1998, p. 68, ¶ 703.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 118, ¶ 1217.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 310, ¶ 3262.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 345, ¶ 3618.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 345, ¶ 3619.
- ^ a b "About New voice of New York, inc. (Jamaica, NY) 1999-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b "About The New York page. (Jamaica, N.Y.) 1984-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The New York voice. [microfilm reel] (Jamaica, N.Y.) 1971-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The Queens voice. [volume] (Jamaica, N.Y.) 1959-1970". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c "About The voice. [volume] (Jamaica, N.Y.) 1970-1971". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 606, ¶ 6340.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 608, ¶ 6356.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 212, ¶ 2212.
- ^ a b "About New York voice, inc. Harlem USA. (Flushing, N.Y.) 1958-199?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 417, ¶ 4334.
- ^ a b c "About The Black agenda. (Staten Island, N.Y.) 19??-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 542, ¶ 5646.
- ^ a b "About The Black reign community newspaper. [volume] (Staten Island, N.Y.) 1996-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-22.