Familia del crimen Genovese

Italian-American organized crime group

Familia del crimen Genovese

Vito Genovese , jefe de 1957 a 1969
Fundado	C. 1890
Fundador	Lucky Luciano
Lleva el nombre de	Vito Genovese
Lugar de fundación	Nueva York , Nueva York, Estados Unidos
Años activos	C. 1890-presente
Territorio	Principalmente la ciudad de Nueva York, con territorio adicional en el norte del estado de Nueva York , Nueva Jersey , Massachusetts , Connecticut , el sur de Florida , Las Vegas y Los Ángeles .
Etnicidad	Italianos como " hechos hombres " y otras etnias como asociados
Membresía (est.)	250–300 miembros hechos y más de 1,000 asociados (2004) [1]
Ocupaciones	Extorsión, asesinato, infiltración sindical, extorsión, juego ilegal, tráfico de drogas, usurpación de préstamos, apuestas, secuestro de camiones, fraude, prostitución, pornografía, soborno y asalto
Aliados	Familia criminal Bonanno Familia criminal Colombo Familia criminal Gambino Familia criminal Lucchese Familia criminal Bufalino Familia criminal Buffalo Familia Chicago Outfit Familia criminal Cleveland DeCavalcante Familia criminal Nueva Orleans Familia criminal Patriarca Familia criminal Filadelfia Familia criminal Pittsburgh
Rivales	Varias pandillas en la ciudad de Nueva York, incluidos sus aliados

La familia criminal Genovese ( pronunciada  [dʒenoˈveːze, -eːse] ) es una de las " Cinco familias " que dominan las actividades del crimen organizado en la ciudad de Nueva York y Nueva Jersey como parte de la mafia estadounidense . En general, han mantenido un grado variable de influencia sobre muchas de las familias de la mafia más pequeñas fuera de Nueva York, incluidos los vínculos con las familias criminales de Filadelfia , Patriarca y Buffalo .

La "familia" actual fue fundada por Charles "Lucky" Luciano , y fue conocida como la familia criminal Luciano desde 1931 hasta 1957, cuando fue rebautizada con el nombre de jefe Vito Genovese . La familia, que originalmente tenía el control del paseo marítimo en el lado oeste de Manhattan y el mercado de pescado de Fulton , estuvo a cargo durante años de "el Oddfather", Vincent "the Chin" Gigante , quien fingió locura al caminar sin afeitar por el Greenwich Village de Nueva York con un bata de baño hecha jirones y murmurando para sí mismo de manera incoherente para evitar ser procesado.

La familia Genovese es la más antigua y la más grande de las "Cinco Familias". Al encontrar nuevas formas de ganar dinero en el siglo XXI, la familia aprovechó la laxa debida diligencia de los bancos durante la burbuja inmobiliaria con una ola de fraudes hipotecarios . Los fiscales dicen que las víctimas de los usureros obtuvieron préstamos con garantía hipotecaria para pagar las deudas con los banqueros de la mafia. La familia encontró formas de utilizar la nueva tecnología para mejorar los juegos de azar ilegales , con clientes que realizaban apuestas a través de sitios en el extranjero a través de Internet .

Aunque el liderazgo de la familia Genovese parecía haber estado en el limbo después de la muerte de Gigante en 2005, parecen ser la familia más organizada y poderosa de los Estados Unidos , y las fuentes creen que Liborio "Barney" Bellomo es el actual jefe de la organización. ^[2] Única en la mafia actual, la familia se ha beneficiado enormemente de que los miembros sigan " Omertà ", un código de conducta que enfatiza el secreto y la no cooperación con las fuerzas del orden y el sistema judicial. Si bien muchos mafiosos de todo el país han testificado contra sus familias criminales desde la década de 1980, la familia Genovese solo ha tenido ocho miembros convertidos en evidencia estatal en su historia. ^[3]

Historia

Orígenes

Giuseppe Morello

La familia del crimen Genovese se originó en la pandilla Morello de East Harlem , la primera familia de la mafia en la ciudad de Nueva York . ^[4] En 1892, Giuseppe Morello llegó a Nueva York desde el pueblo de Corleone , Sicilia , Italia . Los medio hermanos de Morello, Nicholas , Vincenzo , Ciro y el resto de su familia se unieron a él en Nueva York al año siguiente. Los hermanos Morello formaron la 107th Street Mob y comenzaron a dominar el barrio italiano de East Harlem, partes de Manhattan yel Bronx .

Uno de los aliados más fuertes de Giuseppe Morello era Ignazio "el Lobo" Lupo , un mafioso que controlaba la Pequeña Italia de Manhattan . En 1903, Lupo se casó con la media hermana de Morello, uniendo ambas organizaciones. La alianza Morello-Lupo continuó prosperando en 1903, cuando el grupo comenzó una importante red de falsificaciones con el poderoso mafioso siciliano Vito Cascio Ferro , imprimiendo billetes de $ 5 en Sicilia y pasándolos de contrabando a los Estados Unidos . El detective de la policía de Nueva York, Joseph Petrosino, comenzó a investigar la operación de falsificación de la familia Morello, los asesinatos de barriles y la extorsión de la mano negra. letras. El 15 de noviembre de 1909, Morello, Lupo y otros fueron arrestados por cargos de falsificación. En febrero de 1910, Morello y Lupo fueron condenados a 25 y 30 años de prisión, respectivamente. ^[5]

Guerra Mafia-Camorra

A medida que la familia Morello aumentó en poder e influencia, surgieron sangrientos conflictos territoriales con otras bandas criminales italianas en Nueva York. Los Morellos tenían una alianza con Giosue Gallucci , un prominente empresario de East Harlem y Camorrista con conexiones políticas locales. El 17 de mayo de 1915, Gallucci fue asesinado en una lucha de poder entre Morellos y la organización Camorra napolitana , que consistía en dos bandas de Brooklyn dirigidas por Pellegrino Morano y Alessandro Vollero . La pelea por las raquetas de Gallucci se conoció como la Guerra Mafia-Camorra . Después de meses de lucha, Morano ofreció una tregua. Se organizó una reunión en un café de Navy Street propiedad de Vollero. El 7 de septiembre de 1916, Nicolás Morello y su guardaespaldas Charles Ubriaco fueron emboscados y asesinados a su llegada por cinco miembros de la banda Camorra. ^[6] En 1917, Morano fue acusado del asesinato de Morello después de que el Camorrista Ralph Daniello lo implicara en el asesinato. Para 1918, las fuerzas del orden habían enviado a muchos pandilleros de la Camorra a prisión, diezmando la Camorra en Nueva York y poniendo fin a la guerra. Muchos de los miembros restantes de la Camorra se unieron a la familia Morello.

Los Morellos ahora se enfrentaban a rivales más fuertes que la Camorra. Con la aprobación de la Prohibición en 1920 y la prohibición de la venta de alcohol, la familia se reagrupó y construyó una lucrativa operación de contrabando en Manhattan. En 1920, Morello y Lupo fueron liberados de la prisión y el jefe de la mafia de Brooklyn , Salvatore D'Aquila, ordenó sus asesinatos. Fue entonces cuando Giuseppe "Joe" Masseria y Rocco Valenti , un ex Camorra de Brooklyn, comenzaron a luchar por el control de la familia Morello. ^[7] El 29 de diciembre de 1920, los hombres de Masseria asesinaron al aliado de Valenti, Salvatore Mauro. Luego, el 8 de mayo de 1922, la banda Valenti asesinó a Vincenzo Terranova.. La pandilla de Masseria tomó represalias y mató a Silva Tagliagamba, miembro de Morello . El 11 de agosto de 1922, los hombres de Masseria asesinaron a Valenti, poniendo fin al conflicto. Masseria ganó y se hizo cargo de la familia Morello. ^[8]

La era Castellammarese

Joe Masseria

A mediados de la década de 1920, Masseria continuó expandiendo su contrabando, extorsión, usurpación de préstamos y juegos de azar ilegales en toda Nueva York. Para operar y proteger estos negocios, Masseria reclutó a muchos jóvenes mafiosos ambiciosos, incluidos los futuros poderes de la Cosa Nostra Charles "Lucky" Luciano , Frank Costello , Joseph "Joey A" Adonis , Vito Genovese y Albert Anastasia .

Luciano pronto se convirtió en uno de los principales colaboradores de la organización criminal de Masseria. A finales de la década de 1920, el principal rival de Masseria era el jefe Salvatore Maranzano , que había venido de Sicilia para dirigir el clan Castellammarese . Su rivalidad finalmente se convirtió en la sangrienta Guerra Castellammarese .

A principios de 1931, Luciano decidió eliminar a Masseria. La guerra había ido mal para Masseria y Luciano vio la oportunidad de cambiar de alianza. En un trato secreto con Maranzano, Luciano acordó diseñar la muerte de Masseria a cambio de recibir las raquetas de Masseria y convertirse en el segundo al mando de Maranzano. ^[9] Joe Adonis se había unido a la facción Masseria, y cuando Masseria se enteró de la traición de Luciano, se acercó a Adonis para asesinar a Luciano. Sin embargo, Adonis advirtió a Luciano sobre el complot del asesinato. ^[10] El 15 de abril de 1931, Masseria fue asesinada en Nuova Villa Tammaro, un restaurante de Coney Island en Brooklyn.. Mientras jugaban a las cartas, Luciano supuestamente se excusó para ir al baño, y los hombres armados serían Anastasia, Genovese, Adonis y Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel ; ^[11] Ciro "El Rey Alcachofa" Terranova condujo el auto de la huida, pero la leyenda dice que estaba demasiado conmocionado para alejarse y Siegel tuvo que empujarlo fuera del asiento del conductor. ^{[12] [13]} Con la bendición de Maranzano, Luciano se hizo cargo de la banda de Masseria y se convirtió en el lugarteniente de Maranzano, poniendo fin a la Guerra Castellammarese. ^[9]

Con la muerte de Masseria, Maranzano reorganizó las pandillas italoamericanas de la ciudad de Nueva York en cinco familias encabezadas por Luciano, Profaci, Gagliano, Vincent Mangano y él mismo. Maranzano convocó una reunión de jefes del crimen en Wappingers Falls, Nueva York , donde se declaró capo di tutti capi ("jefe de todos los jefes"). ^[9] Maranzano también redujo las raquetas de las familias rivales a favor de las suyas. Luciano pareció aceptar estos cambios, pero simplemente estaba esperando su momento antes de eliminar a Maranzano. ^[14] Aunque Maranzano era un poco más progresista que Masseria, Luciano había llegado a creer que Maranzano era aún más codicioso y resuelto que Masseria. ^[9]

En septiembre de 1931, Maranzano se dio cuenta de que Luciano era una amenaza y contrató a Vincent "Mad Dog" Coll , un gángster irlandés, para que lo matara. ^[9] Sin embargo, Lucchese alertó a Luciano que estaba marcado para la muerte. ^[9] El 10 de septiembre, Maranzano ordenó a Luciano, Genovese y Costello que fueran a su oficina en el 230 Park Avenue en Manhattan. Convencido de que Maranzano planeaba asesinarlos, Luciano decidió actuar primero. ^[15] Envió a la oficina de Maranzano a cuatro gánsteres judíos cuyos rostros eran desconocidos para la gente de Maranzano. Se habían asegurado con la ayuda de Lansky y Siegel. ^[dieciséis]Disfrazados de agentes del gobierno, dos de los gánsteres desarmaron a los guardaespaldas de Maranzano. Los otros dos, ayudados por Lucchese, que estaba allí para señalar a Maranzano, apuñalaron al jefe varias veces antes de dispararle. ^{[17] [18]} Este asesinato fue el primero de lo que luego sería legendario como la "Noche de las Vísperas Sicilianas ". ^[17]

Luciano y la Comisión

Ficha policial de "Lucky" Luciano

Luego del asesinato de Maranzano, Luciano convocó a una reunión en Chicago con varios jefes, donde propuso una Comisión que sirviera como el órgano rector del crimen organizado. ^[19] Diseñada para resolver todas las disputas y decidir qué familias controlaban qué territorios, la Comisión ha sido llamada la mayor innovación de Luciano. ^[9] Los objetivos de Luciano con la Comisión eran mantener silenciosamente su propio poder sobre todas las familias y prevenir futuras guerras de pandillas ; los patrones aprobaron la idea de la Comisión. ^[5]

La primera prueba del grupo se produjo en 1935, cuando ordenó a Dutch Schultz que abandonara sus planes de asesinar al fiscal especial Thomas E. Dewey . Luciano argumentó que un asesinato de Dewey precipitaría una represión masiva de las fuerzas del orden. Schultz enfurecido dijo que mataría a Dewey de todos modos y se retiró de la reunión. ^[20] El líder de Murder, Inc , Albert Anastasia, se acercó a Luciano con información de que Schultz le había pedido que vigilara el edificio de apartamentos de Dewey en la Quinta Avenida. Al conocer la noticia, la Comisión sostuvo una discreta reunión para discutir el asunto. Después de seis horas de deliberaciones, la Comisión ordenó a Lepke Buchalter que eliminara a Schultz. ^{[21] [22]}El 23 de octubre de 1935, antes de que pudiera matar a Dewey, Schultz recibió un disparo en una taberna en Newark , Nueva Jersey, y sucumbió a sus heridas al día siguiente. ^{[23] [24]}

Luciano influyó en la política del Partido Demócrata en Nueva York en ese momento, dando dirección a los asociados de Tammany Hall . ^[25]

El 13 de mayo de 1936 comenzó el juicio por proxenetismo de Luciano . ^[26] Dewey procesó el caso que Carter construyó contra Luciano. ^[27] Acusó a Luciano de ser parte de una red de prostitución masiva conocida como " la Combinación ". Durante el juicio, Dewey expuso a Luciano por estar acostado en el estrado de los testigos a través de interrogatorios directos y registros de llamadas telefónicas; Luciano tampoco tenía una explicación de por qué sus registros de impuestos federales sobre la renta afirmaban que ganaba solo $ 22,000 al año, mientras que obviamente era un hombre rico. ^[9] El 7 de junio de 1936, Luciano fue condenado por 62 cargos de prostitución obligatoria. ^[28] El 18 de junio, fue sentenciado a 30 a 50 años en la prisión estatal, junto con Betillo y otros.^{[29] [30]}

Luciano continuó dirigiendo a su familia criminal desde la prisión, transmitiendo sus órdenes a través del jefe interino Vito Genovese , pero en 1937, Genovese huyó a Nápoles para evitar una inminente acusación de asesinato en Nueva York. ^[31] Luciano nombró a su consigliere , Frank Costello , como el nuevo jefe interino y supervisor de los intereses de Luciano.

Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial , los agentes federales le pidieron a Luciano ayuda para prevenir el sabotaje enemigo en el litoral de Nueva York y otras actividades. Luciano accedió a ayudar, pero en realidad proporcionó una ayuda insignificante a la causa aliada . Después del final de la guerra, el arreglo con Luciano se hizo público. Para evitar más vergüenza, el gobierno acordó deportar a Luciano con la condición de que nunca regresara a los Estados Unidos. En 1946, Luciano fue sacado de la cárcel y deportado a Italia. ^[32]

El primer ministro

Frank Costello en las audiencias de Kefauver

Desde mayo de 1950 hasta mayo de 1951, el Senado de los Estados Unidos llevó a cabo una investigación a gran escala del crimen organizado, comúnmente conocida como Audiencias Kefauver , presidida por el Senador Estes Kefauver de Tennessee . Costello fue declarado culpable de desacato al Senado y sentenciado a 18 meses de prisión. ^{[33] El} senador Kefauver concluyó que el político Carmine DeSapio estaba ayudando a las actividades de Costello, y que Costello se había vuelto influyente en las decisiones tomadas por el consejo de Tammany Hall. DeSapio admitió haberse reunido con Costello varias veces, pero insistió en que "nunca se habló de política". ^[34]En 1952, el gobierno inició procedimientos para despojar a Costello de su ciudadanía estadounidense y fue acusado de evasión de $ 73,417 en impuestos sobre la renta entre 1946 y 1949. Fue sentenciado a cinco años de prisión y multado con $ 20,000. ^[33] En 1954, Costello apeló la condena y fue puesto en libertad con una fianza de 50.000 dólares; de 1952 a 1961, estuvo entrando y saliendo de media docena de prisiones y cárceles federales y locales, y su confinamiento se vio interrumpido por períodos en los que estuvo en libertad bajo fianza en espera de la determinación de las apelaciones. ^{[35] [33]}

El regreso de Genovese

Costello gobernó durante 20 años pacíficos, pero su reinado tranquilo terminó cuando Genovese fue extraditado de Italia a Nueva York. Durante su ausencia, Costello degradó a Genovese de subjefe a caporegime , dejando a Genovese decidido a tomar el control de la familia. Poco después de su llegada a los Estados Unidos, Genovese fue absuelto del cargo de asesinato de 1936 que lo había llevado al exilio. ^[36] Libre de enredos legales, comenzó a conspirar contra Costello con la ayuda del subjefe de la familia Mangano , Carlo Gambino . El 2 de mayo de 1957, el mafioso de Luciano Vincent "Chin" Gigante le disparó a Costello en el costado de la cabeza en una vía pública; sin embargo, Costello sobrevivió al ataque.^[37] Meses después, el jefe de Mangano, Albert Anastasia , un poderoso aliado de Costello, fue asesinado por hombres armados de Gambino. Con la muerte de Anastasia, Gambino tomó el control de la familia Mangano. Sintiéndose asustado y aislado después de los disparos, Costello se retiró silenciosamente y entregó el control de la familia Luciano a Genovese. ^[38]

Ficha policial de Vito Genovese

Habiendo tomado el control de lo que pasó a llamarse la familia criminal Genovese en 1957, Genovese decidió organizar una conferencia de la Cosa Nostra para legitimar su nuevo cargo. Celebrada en la finca del mafioso Joseph Barbara en Apalachin, Nueva York , la reunión de Apalachin atrajo a más de 100 mafiosos de la Cosa Nostra de todo el país. Sin embargo, la policía local descubrió la reunión y rodeó rápidamente la propiedad. Cuando se disolvió la reunión, la policía detuvo un automóvil conducido por Russell Bufalino , cuyos pasajeros incluían a Genovese y otros tres hombres, en una barricada cuando salían de la propiedad. ^{[39] [40] [41]} Cosa NostraLos líderes estaban disgustados por la exposición pública y la mala publicidad de la reunión de Apalachin, y generalmente culparon a Genovese por el fiasco. Todos los detenidos fueron multados, hasta $ 10,000 cada uno, y condenados a prisión que van de tres a cinco años, pero todas las condenas fueron anuladas en apelación en 1960. ^[40] Temeroso de que Genovese ganara más poder en la Comisión, Gambino usó el Apalachin reunirse como una excusa para actuar contra su antiguo aliado. Gambino, Luciano, Costello y Lucchese supuestamente atrajeron a Genovese a un plan de tráfico de drogas que finalmente resultó en su acusación y condena por conspiración . En 1959, Genovese fue sentenciado a 15 años de prisión por cargos de narcóticos . ^[42]Genovese, que era el jefe más poderoso de Nueva York, había sido efectivamente eliminado como rival por Gambino. ^[43]

Las audiencias de Valachi

Joseph Valachi durante las audiencias de McClellan, 1963

El soldado genovés Joe Valachi fue declarado culpable de violaciones de narcóticos en 1959 y sentenciado a 15 años de prisión. ^[44] Las motivaciones de Valachi para convertirse en informante habían sido tema de debate; Valachi afirmó estar testificando como un servicio público y exponer a una poderosa organización criminal a la que había culpado de arruinar su vida, pero posiblemente esperaba la protección del gobierno como parte de un acuerdo de culpabilidad en el que fue condenado a cadena perpetua en lugar de la condena. pena de muerte por un asesinato, que había cometido en 1962 mientras estaba en prisión por su violación de narcóticos. ^[44]

Valachi asesinó a un hombre en prisión a quien temía jefe de la mafia, y compañero de prisión, Vito Genovese había ordenado matarlo. Valachi y Genovese estaban cumpliendo sentencias por tráfico de heroína . ^[45] El 22 de junio de 1962, utilizando una tubería dejada cerca de una obra de construcción, Valachi mató a golpes a un preso al que había confundido con Joseph DiPalermo, un miembro de la mafia que creía que había sido contratado para matarlo. ^[44] Después de un tiempo con los manejadores del FBI , Valachi se adelantó con la historia de Genovese dándole un beso en la mejilla, que tomó como un " beso de la muerte ". ^{[46] [47] [48]} Una recompensa de 100.000 dólaresporque la muerte de Valachi había sido colocada por Genovese. ^[49]

Poco después, Valachi decidió cooperar con el Departamento de Justicia de Estados Unidos . ^[50] En octubre de 1963, Valachi testificó ante Arkansas senador John L. McClellan 's Subcomité Permanente de Investigaciones del Comité del Senado sobre las Operaciones de Gobierno , conocida como las audiencias Valachi , afirmando que en realidad existía la mafia italo-americana, la primera vez un miembro había reconocido su existencia en público. ^{[51] [52]} El testimonio de Valachi fue la primera gran violación de omertà , rompiendo su juramento de sangre . Fue el primer miembro de la mafia italoamericanapara reconocer públicamente su existencia, y se le atribuye la popularización del término cosa nostra . ^[53]

Aunque las revelaciones de Valachi nunca condujeron directamente al enjuiciamiento de ningún líder de la mafia, proporcionó muchos detalles de la historia , las operaciones y los rituales de la mafia ; ayudó en la solución de varios asesinatos sin resolver; y nombró a muchos miembros y las principales familias criminales. El juicio expuso el crimen organizado estadounidense al mundo a través del testimonio televisado de Valachi. ^[27]

Jefes frontales y paneles gobernantes

Después de que Genovese fuera enviado a prisión en 1959, el liderazgo de la familia estableció en secreto un "Panel de Gobierno" para dirigir a la familia en su ausencia. Este primer panel incluyó al jefe interino Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli , al subjefe Gerardo "Jerry" Catena y al protegido de Catena, Philip "Benny Squint" Lombardo.. Después de la muerte de Genovese en 1969, Lombardo fue nombrado su sucesor. Sin embargo, la familia nombró a una serie de "jefes de fachada" para hacerse pasar por el jefe oficial de la familia. El objetivo de estos engaños era proteger a Lombardo confundiendo a las fuerzas del orden sobre quién era el verdadero líder de la familia. A finales de la década de 1960, Gambino le prestó 4 millones de dólares a Eboli para un plan de drogas en un intento por hacerse con el control de la familia Genovese. Cuando Eboli no pagó su deuda, Gambino, con la aprobación de la Comisión, asesinó a Eboli en 1972. ^{[54] [55] [56]}

Después de la muerte de Eboli, el capo de Genovese y aliado de Gambino, Frank "Funzi" Tieri, fue designado como el nuevo jefe frontal. En realidad, la familia Genovese creó un nuevo panel de gobierno para dirigir la familia. Este segundo panel estuvo formado por Catena, Lombardo y Michele "Big Mike" Miranda . En 1981, Tieri se convirtió en el primer jefe de la Cosa Nostra en ser condenado bajo la nueva Ley RICO y murió en prisión ese mismo año. ^[57] Después del encarcelamiento de Tieri, la familia reorganizó su liderazgo. El capo de la facción de Manhattan, Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno , se convirtió en el nuevo jefe frontal. Lombardo, el de factojefe de la familia, pronto se retiró y Vincent "Chin" Gigante, el gatillo del fallido golpe de Costello, tomó el control real de la familia. ^[58]

En 1985, Salerno fue condenado en el Juicio de la Comisión de la Mafia y sentenciado a 100 años en una prisión federal. ^[59] En 1986, poco después de la condena de Salerno en el Juicio de la Comisión, Vincent "The Fish" Cafaro , su mano derecha desde hace mucho tiempo , se convirtió en informante y le dijo al FBI que Salerno había sido el jefe principal de Gigante. Cafaro también reveló que la familia Genovese había estado manteniendo esta artimaña desde 1969. ^{[60] [61]}

After the 1980 murder of Philadelphia family boss Angelo "Gentle Don" Bruno, Gigante and Lombardo began manipulating the rival factions in the war-torn Philadelphia family. Gigante and Lombardo finally gave their support to Philadelphia mobster Nicodemo "Little Nicky" Scarfo, who in return gave the Genovese mobsters permission to operate in Atlantic City in 1982.^[58]

The Oddfather

FBI mugshot of Vincent Gigante in his bathrobe

Gigante built a vast network of bookmaking and loansharking rings and from extortions of garbage, shipping, trucking, and construction companies seeking labor peace or contracts from carpenters', Teamsters, and laborers' unions, including those at the Javits Center, as well as protection payoffs from merchants at the Fulton Fish Market.^[62] Gigante also had influence in the Feast of San Gennaro in Little Italy, operating gambling games, extorting payoffs from vendors, and pocketing thousands of dollars donated to a neighborhood church—until a crackdown in 1995 by New York City officials.^[62] During Gigante's tenure as boss of the Genovese family, after the imprisonment of John Gotti in 1992, Gigante came to be known as the figurehead capo di tutti capi, the "Boss of All Bosses", despite the position being abolished since 1931 with the murder of Salvatore Maranzano.^[63]

Gigante was reclusive, and almost impossible to capture on wiretaps, speaking softly, eschewing the phone, and even at times whistling into the receiver.^[64] He almost never left his home unoccupied because he knew FBI agents would sneak in and plant a bug.^[64] Genovese members were not allowed to mention Gigante's name in conversations or phone calls; when they had to mention him, members would point to their chins or make the letter "C" with their fingers.^[62][65]

From 1978 to 1990, four of the five crime families of New York, including the Genovese family, rigged bids for 75% of $191 million, or about $142 million, of the window contracts awarded by the New York City Housing Authority. Installation companies were required to make union payoffs between $1 and $2 for each window installed.^[66][67]

On May 30, 1990, Gigante was indicted along with other members of four of the New York crime families for conspiring to rig bids and extort payoffs from contractors on multimillion-dollar contracts with the NYC Housing Authority to install windows.^[68] Gigante attended his arraignment in pajamas and bathrobe, and due to his defense stating that he was mentally and physically impaired, legal battles ensued for seven years over his competence to stand trial.^[62] In June 1993, Gigante was indicted again, charged with sanctioning the murders of six mobsters and conspiring to kill three others, including Gambino boss John Gotti.^[69][62] At sanity hearings in March 1996, Sammy "The Bull" Gravano, former underboss of the Gambino crime family, who became a cooperating witness in 1991,^[70] and Alphonse "Little Al" D'Arco, former acting boss of the Lucchese family, testified that Gigante was lucid at top-level Mafia meetings and that he had told other gangsters that his eccentric behavior was a pretense.^[62] Gigante's lawyers got testimony and reports from psychiatrists that from 1969 to 1995 Gigante had been confined 28 times in hospitals for treatment of hallucinations and that he suffered from "dementia rooted in organic brain damage".^[62]

In August 1996, senior judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, Eugene Nickerson, ruled that Gigante was mentally competent to stand trial; he pleaded not guilty and had been free for years on $1 million bail.^[62] Gigante had another cardiac operation in December 1996.^[62] On June 25, 1997, Gigante's trial started. Gigante stood trial in a wheelchair.^[71] On July 25, 1997, after almost three days of deliberations, the jury convicted Gigante of conspiring in plots to kill other mobsters and of running rackets as head of the Genovese family.^[72] Prosecutors stated that the verdict finally established that Gigante was not mentally ill as his lawyers and relatives had long maintained.^[72] On December 18, 1997, Gigante was sentenced to 12 years in prison and fined $1.25 million by judge Jack B. Weinstein, a lenient sentence due to Gigante's "age and frailty", who declared that Gigante had been "...finally brought to bay in his declining years after decades of vicious criminal tyranny".^[73] While in prison, he maintained his role as boss of the Genovese family, while other mobsters were entrusted to run the day-to-day activities of the family; Gigante relayed orders to the crime family through his son, Andrew, who visited him in prison.^[74][75][62]

On January 23, 2002, Gigante was indicted with several other mobsters, including his son Andrew, on obstruction of justice charges due to a him causing a seven-year delay in his previous trial by feigning insanity.^[76][77] Several days later, Andrew was released on $2.5 million bail.^[78] On April 7, 2003, the day the trial began, Prosecutor Roslynn R. Mauskopf had planned to play tapes showing him "fully coherent, careful, and intelligent," running crime operations from prison, but when Gigante pleaded guilty to obstruction of justice,^[79][80] judge I. Leo Glasser sentenced him to an additional three years in prison.^[62][81] Mauskopf stated, "The jig is up...Vincent Gigante was a cunning faker, and those of us in law enforcement always knew that this was an act...The act ran for decades, but today it's over."^[79] On July 25, 2003, Andrew Gigante was sentenced to two years in prison and fined $2.5 million for racketeering and extortion.^[82]

Gigante died on December 19, 2005, at the Medical Center for Federal Prisoners in Springfield, Missouri.^[62] His funeral and burial were held four days later, on December 23, at Saint Anthony of Padua Church in Greenwich Village, largely in anonymity.^[64] Liborio "Barney" Bellomo took over as boss.

Current position and leadership

When Gigante died in late 2005, the leadership went to Genovese capo Daniel "Danny the Lion" Leo, who was apparently running the day-to-day activities of the Genovese crime family by 2006.^[83] That same year, Cirillo was reportedly promoted to consigliere behind bars and Mangano was released from prison. By 2008, the Genovese family administration was believed to be whole again.^[84] In March 2008, Leo was sentenced to five years in prison for loansharking and extortion. Former acting consigliere Lawrence "Little Larry" Dentico was leading the New Jersey faction of the family until convicted of racketeering in 2006; he was released from prison in 2009. In December 2008, Bellomo was paroled after serving 12 years. What role Bellomo plays in the Genovese hierarchy is open to speculation, but he is likely to have a major say in the running of the family once his tight parole restrictions are over.

A March 2009 article in the New York Post claimed Leo was still acting boss despite his incarceration. It also estimated that the Genovese family consists of about 270 "made" members.^[85] The family maintains power and influence in New York, New Jersey, Atlantic City and Florida. It is recognized as the most powerful Cosa Nostra family in the U.S.^[2] Since Gigante's reign, the family has been so strong and successful because of its continued devotion to secrecy. According to the FBI, many family associates do not know the names of family leaders or even other associates. This information lockdown makes gaining incriminating information from government informants more difficult for the FBI.^[86]

In 2016, Eugene "Rooster" Onofrio, who is believed to be a capo largely active in Little Italy and Connecticut, was accused of operating a large multimillion-dollar enterprise that ran bookmaking offices, scammed medical businesses, smuggled cigarettes, and guns. He was also alleged to have run a loan-shark operation from Florida to Massachusetts.^[87] Other members of his reputed crew pleaded guilty to extortion and other crimes.^[88] Gerald Daniele, an associate, was sentenced to 2 years in prison in March 2018.^[89] On April 10, 2018, Ralph Santaniello, suspected of being a Genovese acting capo was sentenced to 5 years in prison for extorting $20,000 from Craig Morel, the owner of one of the biggest towing and scrap-metal companies in Western Massachusetts, including threatening his life and assaulting him.^[90][91][92] Morel managed to negotiate the extortion price from $100,000 to $20,000. Associate Giovanni "Johnny" Calabrese was sentenced to 3 years in prison.^[93]

In October 2017, 13 Genovese and Gambino soldiers and associates were sentenced after being indicted following an NYPD operation in December 2016. Dubbed "Shark Bait", the investigation was based on the involvement of a large illegal gambling and loansharking ring. Prosecutors claimed 76-year-old Genovese soldier Salvatore DeMeo was in charge of the criminal operation and had generated several million dollars from the enterprise. Soldier Alex Conigliaro was sentenced to four months in jail and four months' house arrest in late October 2017, with a fine of $5,000, after admitting that he supervised and financed a $14,000-per-week illegal bookmaking and sports betting operation between 2011 and 2014.^[94][95] Genovese associates Gennaro Geritano and Mario Leonardi were allegedly partners in selling untaxed cigarettes in New York, alleged to have sold over 30,000 packs.^[96]

According to the FBI, the Genovese family has not had an official boss since Gigante's death.^[97] Law enforcement considers Leo to be the acting boss, Mangano the underboss, and Cirillo the consigliere. The family is known for placing top capos in leadership positions to help the administration run day-to-day activities. At present, capos Bellomo, Muscarella, Cirillo, and Dentico hold the greatest influence within the family and play major roles in its administration.^[86] The Manhattan and Bronx factions, the traditional powers in the family, still exercise that control today.

On January 10, 2018, five members and associates, including the son of former boss Vincent Gigante, Vincent Esposito, were arrested and charged with racketeering, conspiracy, and several counts of related offenses by the NYPD and FBI.^[98] The charges include extortion, labor racketeering conspiracy, fraud and bribery. Genovese associate and Brooklyn-based United Food and Commercial Workers officer Frank Cognetta was also charged.^[99] Union official and associate Vincent D'Acunto Jr. was also involved and allegedly acted on behalf of Esposito to pass along threat messages and to also collect extortion money from the union, in particular from Vincent Fyfe, the president of a wine liquor and distillery union in Brooklyn. Fyfe was forced to pay $10,000 per year for him to keep his $300,000-a-year union job, which he achieved through the influence of the Genovese crime family. The labor union infiltration was alleged to have taken place for at least 16 years. Esposito allegedly extorted several other union officials and an insurance agent. At his home during a warranted search, authorities recovered an unregistered handgun, $3.8 million in cash, brass knuckledusters, and a handwritten list of American Mafia members.^[100] Esposito was granted bail for almost $10 million in April 2018, and pleaded not guilty.^[101] In April, 2019, Esposito pled guilty to conspiring to commit racketeering offenses with members and associates of the Genovese Crime Family of La Cosa Nostra.^[102] He was sentenced in July, 2019 to two years in prison.^[103]

Historical leadership

Boss (official and acting)

• 1890s–1909 — Giuseppe "the Clutch Hand" Morello — imprisoned
• 1910–1916 — Nicholas "Nick Morello" Terranova — murdered on September 7, 1916
• 1916–1920 — Vincenzo "Vincent" Terranova — stepped down becoming underboss
• 1920–1922 — Giuseppe "the Clutch Hand" Morello — stepped down becoming underboss to Masseria
• 1922–1931 — Giuseppe "Joe the Boss" Masseria — murdered on April 15, 1931
• 1931–1946 — Charles "Lucky" Luciano — imprisoned in 1936, deported to Italy in 1946
  • Acting 1936–1937 — Vito Genovese — fled to Italy in 1937 to avoid murder charge
  • Acting 1937–1946 — Frank "the Prime Minister" Costello — became official boss after Luciano's deportation
• 1946–1957 — Frank "the Prime Minister" Costello — resigned in 1957 after Genovese-Gigante assassination attempt^[104][105]
• 1957–1969 — Vito "Don Vito" Genovese — imprisoned in 1959, died in prison in 1969
  • Acting 1959–1962 — Anthony "Tony Bender" Strollo — disappeared in 1962
  • Acting 1962–1965 — Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli — became front boss
  • Acting 1965–1969 — Philip "Benny Squint" Lombardo — became the official boss
• 1969–1981 — Philip "Benny Squint" Lombardo^[106] — retired in 1981, died of natural causes in 1987
• 1981–2005 — Vincent "Chin" Gigante^[106] — imprisoned in 1997, died in prison on December 19, 2005^[107]
  • Acting 1989–1996 — Liborio "Barney" Bellomo — promoted to street boss
  • Acting 1997–1998 — Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo — suffered heart attack and resigned
  • Acting 1998–2005 — Matthew "Matty the Horse" Ianniello — resigned when indicted in July 2005
  • Acting 2005–2008 — Daniel "Danny the Lion" Leo^[108] — imprisoned 2008–2013
• 2010–present — Liborio "Barney" Bellomo

Street boss (front boss)

The position of "front boss" was created by boss Philip Lombardo in efforts to divert law enforcement attention from himself. The family maintained this "front boss" deception for the next 20 years. Even after government witness Vincent Cafaro exposed this scam in 1988, the Genovese family still found this way of dividing authority useful. In 1992, the family revived the front boss post under the title of "street boss." This person served as day-to-day head of the family's operations under Gigante's remote direction.

• 1965–1972 — Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli — murdered in 1972^[106]
• 1972–1974 — Carmine "Little Eli" Zeccardi^[106] — disappeared (presumed killed) in 1977
• 1974–1980 — Frank "Funzi" Tieri^[106] — indicted under RICO statutes and resigned, died in 1981
• 1981–1986 — Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno^[106] — imprisoned in 1987, died in prison in 1992
• 1992–1996 — Liborio "Barney" Bellomo — imprisoned from 1996 to 2008
• 1998–2001 — Frank Serpico^[74][75] – in 2001 was indicted,^[109] in 2002 died of cancer^[110]
• 2001–2002 — Ernest Muscarella — indicted in 2002^[109]
• 2002–2006 — Arthur "Artie" Nigro — indicted in 2006
• 2010–2013 — Peter "Petey Red" DiChiara — stepped down
• 2013–2014 — Daniel "Danny" Pagano — indicted August 2014
• 2014–2015 — Peter "Petey Red" DiChiara — became consigliere
• 2015–present — Michael "Mickey" Ragusa^[111]

Underboss (official and acting)

• 1903–1909 — Ignazio "the Wolf" Lupo — imprisoned
• 1910–1916 — Vincenzo "Vincent" Terranova — became boss
• 1916–1920 — Ciro "the Artichoke King" Terranova — stepped down
• 1920–1922 — Vincenzo "Vincent" Terranova — murdered on May 8, 1922
• 1922–1930 — Giuseppe "Peter the Clutch Hand" Morello — murdered on August 15, 1930
• 1930–1931 — Joseph Catania — murdered on February 3, 1931^[112]
• 1931 — Charles "Lucky" Luciano — became boss April 1931
• 1931–1936 — Vito Genovese — promoted to acting boss in 1936, fled to Italy in 1937
• 1937–1951 — Guarino "Willie" Moretti — murdered in 1951
• 1951–1957 — Vito Genovese^[113] — second time as underboss
• 1957–1970 — Gerardo "Jerry" Catena — also boss of the New Jersey faction; jailed from 1970 to 1975^[114]
• 1970–1972 — Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli — also served as front boss, murdered in 1972^[106]
• 1972–1976 — Frank "Funzi" Tieri — also served as front boss^[106]
• 1976–1980 — Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno^[106] — promoted to front boss in 1980
• 1980–1981 — Vincent "Chin" Gigante — promoted to official boss
• 1981–1987 — Saverio "Sammy" Santora^[106] — died of natural causes
• 1987–2017 — Venero "Benny Eggs" Mangano — imprisoned in 1993, released December 2006, died August 18, 2017, of natural causes.
  • Acting 1990–1997 — Michael "Mickey Dimino" Generoso — imprisoned from 1997 to 1998^[115]
  • Acting 1997–2003 — Joseph Zito
  • Acting 2003–2005 — John "Johnny Sausage" Barbato — imprisoned from 2005 to 2008
• 2017–present — Ernest "Ernie" Muscarella

Consigliere (official and acting)

• 1931–1937 — Frank Costello — promoted to acting boss in 1937
• 1937–1957 — "Sandino" — mysterious figure mentioned once by Valachi
• 1957–1972 — Michele "Mike" Miranda — retired in 1972
• 1972–1976 — Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno — promoted to underboss in 1976^[106]
• 1976–1978 — Antonio "Buckaloo" Ferro^[106]
• 1978–1980 — Dominick "Fat Dom" Alongi^[106][116]
• 1980–1990 — Louis "Bobby" Manna^[106] — imprisoned in 1990
  • Acting 1989–1990 — James "Little Guy" Ida — became official consigliere
• 1990–1997 — James "Little Guy" Ida — imprisoned in 1997
• 1997–2008 — Lawrence "Little Larry" Dentico^[115] — imprisoned from 2005 to 2009, retired.
  • Acting 2005–2008 — Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo – became official consigliere.
• 2008–2015 – Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo — reportedly stepped down
• 2015–2018 – Peter "Petey Red" DiChiara – died on March 2, 2018
• 2018–present – Unknown

Messaggero

Messaggero – The messaggero (messenger) functions as liaison between crime families. The messenger can reduce the need for sit-downs, or meetings, of the mob hierarchy, and thus limit the public exposure of the bosses.

• 1957–1969 — Michael "Mike" Genovese — the brother of Vito Genovese.^[117][118]
• 1997–2002 — Andrew V. Gigante — the son of Vincent Gigante, indicted 2002
• 2002–2005 — Mario Gigante^[119][120]

Administrative capos

If the official boss dies, goes to prison, or is incapacitated, the family may assemble a ruling committee of capos to help the acting boss, street boss, underboss, and consigliere run the family, and to divert attention from law enforcement.

• 1997–2001 — (four-man committee) — Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo, Lawrence "Little Larry" Dentico, John "Johnny Sausage" Barbato and Alan "Baldie" Longo — in 2001 Longo was indicted
• 2001–2005 — (four-man committee) — Dominick Cirillo, Lawrence Dentico, John Barbato and Anthony "Tico" Antico — in April 2005 all four were indicted^[121]
• 2005–2010 — (three-man committee) — Tino "The Greek" Fiumara (died 2010)^[122] the other two are unknown.

Current family members

Administration

• Boss – Liborio "Barney" Bellomo – born in January 1957. He served in the 116th Street Crew of Saverio "Sammy Black" Santora and was initiated in 1977. His father was a soldier and close to Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno. In 1990, Kenneth McCabe, then-organized crime investigator for the United States attorney's office in Manhattan, identified Bellomo as "acting boss" of the crime family following the indictment of Vincent Gigante in the "Windows Case".^[123][124] In June 1996, Bellomo was indicted on charges of extortion, labor racketeering and for ordering the deaths of Ralph DeSimone in 1991 and Antonio DiLorenzo in 1988; DeSimone was found shot 5 times in the trunk of his car at LaGuardia Airport and DiLorenzo was shot and killed in the backyard of his home.^[125] Since around 2016, Bellomo was recognised, most likely, to be official boss of the Genovese family.
• Street Boss – Michael "Mickey" Ragusa – born June 22, 1965. Ragusa is a former soldier in Bellomo's Harlem/Bronx crew. In January 2002, Ragusa was indicted along with acting boss Ernest Muscarella, capo Charles Tuzzo, members Liborio Bellomo, Thomas Cafaro, Pasquale Falcetti and associate Andrew Gigante on the infiltration of the International Longshoreman's Association.^[126][127]
• Underboss – Ernest "Ernie" Muscarella – former acting boss and former capo of the 116th Street crew. In January 2002, Muscarella serving as acting boss of family was indicted along with capo Charles Tuzzo, members Liborio Bellomo, Thomas Cafaro, Pasquale Falcetti, Michael Ragusa and associate Andrew Gigante on the infiltration of the International Longshoreman's Association.^[126] On January 11, 2008, Muscarella was released from prison.^[128] On April 16, 2019, Muscarella was identified as the Underboss of the Genovese family during a lawfully recorded conversation between Gambino family soldier Vincent Fiore and Gambino family associate Mark Kocaj.^[129]
• Consigliere – Unknown

Caporegimes

The Bronx faction

• Pasquale "Uncle Patty" Falcetti – capo of the 116th Street Crew with operations in the Bronx. In September 2014, Falcetti was sentenced to 30 months in prison for loan sharking.^[130][131] During Falcetti's trail former Genovese family associate Anthony Zocolillo testified against and claimed that Falcetti made him a $34,000 loan for a marijuana trafficking operation.^[130] On January 13, 2017, Falcetti was released from prison.^[132] On July 10, 2017, Falcetti was observed by a law enforcement surveillance team meeting with Gambino crime family capo Andrew Campos in the Pelham Bay diner.^[129]
• Joseph G. "Joe D" Denti, Jr. – (sometimes spelled Dente) is a capo operating in the Bronx and New Jersey. His father Joseph Denti Sr. was a Bronx loan shark during the 1970s before moving in the early 1990s to Beverly Hills.^[133] In 1996, his father died from a heart attack and his father's Bronx funeral was attended by many famous Hollywood figures which included Robert De Niro, Joe Pesci, Cher and Cathy Moriarty.^[133] In 2000, Denti Jr. and Chris Cenaitempo became suspects in a police investigation after Chris's brother John Cenatiempo was identified by the police as an accomplice of Christopher Rocancourt, a man who robbed homes in the Hamptons.^[133] On December 5, 2001, Denti Jr. along with capo Rosario Gangi, capo Pasquale Parrello and 70 other associates were indicted in Manhattan on racketeering charges.^[134][135] The charges were brought against Denti Jr. and the others after it had been revealed that an undercover NYPD detective had infiltrated Parrello's Arthur Ave crew.^[134][136] On April 29, 2009, Denti Jr. was released from federal prison.^[137] On March 16, 2016, Denti Jr. along with Joseph Giardina, Ralph Perricelli Jr., and Heidi Francavilla were indicted and charged with defrauding investors in medical ventures out of $350,000.^[138]
• Pasquale "Patsy" Parrello – born in 1945. He is a capo operating in the Bronx, he owns a restaurant on Arthur Ave called Pasquale's Rigoletto Restaurant. In 2004, Parrello was found guilty of loansharking and embezzlement along with capo Rosario Gangi, and was sentenced to 88 months.^[139] Parrello was released from prison on April 23, 2008.^[140][141] In August 2016, Parrello was indicted along with Genovese family capo Conrad Ianniello and Genovese family acting capo Eugene O'Norfio and Philadelphia family boss Joseph Merlino and forty two other mobsters on gambling and extortion charges.^[142] In May 2017, he pled guilty to 3 counts of conspiracy to commit extortion and was sentenced to 7 years in federal prison in September 2017. Prosecutors at his trial alleged that in June 2011 he ordered 2 of his soldiers to break the kneecaps of a man whom annoyed female patrons at his restaurant.^[143][144]
• Daniel "Danny the Lion" Leo – a former member of the Purple Gang of East Harlem in the 1970s. In the late 1990s, Leo joined Vincent Gigante's circle of trusted capos. With Gigante's death in 2005, Leo became acting boss. In 2008, Leo was sentenced to five years in prison on loansharking and extortion charges. In March 2010, Leo received an additional 18 months in prison on racketeering charges and was fined $1.3 million. He was released on January 25, 2013.^[145][146]

Manhattan faction

• Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo – capo and former trusted aide to boss Vincent Gigante. Cirillo belonged to the West Side Crew and was known as one of the Four Doms; capos Dominick "Baldy Dom" Canterino, Dominick "The Sailor" DiQuarto and Dominick "Fat Dom" Alongi. Cirillo served as acting boss from 1997 to 1998, but resigned due to heart problems. In 2003, Cirillo became acting boss, resigned in 2006 due to his imprisonment on loansharking charges. In August 2008, Cirillo was released from prison.
• Conrad Ianniello – capo operating in Manhattan, Brooklyn and Queens. On April 18, 2012, Ianniello was indicted along with members of his crew and was charged with illegal gambling and conspiracy.^[147][148] The conspiracy charge dates back to 2008, when Ianniello along with Robert Scalza and Ryan Ellis tried to extort vendors at the annual Feast of San Gennaro in Little Italy.^[147] Conrad Ianniello is related to Robert Ianniello, Jr., who is the nephew to Matthew Ianniello and the owner of Umberto's Clam House.^[149] In August 2016 Ianniello was indicted along with Genovese family capo Pasquale Parrello and Genovese family acting capo Eugene O'Norfio and Philadelphia family boss Joseph Merlino and forty two other mobsters on gambling and extortion charges.^[142]
• Thomas "Figgy" Ficarotta – capo and protégé of former Little Italy Crew capo James Messera. He is the son of former Genovese member Anthony Ficarotta and has operations in Manhattan and Brooklyn.

Brooklyn faction

• Alan "Baldie" Longo - capo of a Brooklyn crew who formerly served under "Allie Shades" Malangone and ran rackets out of a social club that he owned in Brooklyn. Longo was involved in stock fraud and white-collar crimes in Manhattan and Brooklyn. On April 25, 2001, Longo was indicted on racketeering charges along with Colombo acting boss Alphonse Persico, based on the work of undercover informant Michael D'Urso. Longo was convicted and sentenced to 11 years.^[150] He was released on November 24, 2010.^[151]
• Anthony "Tico" Antico – capo involved in labor and construction racketeering in Brooklyn and Manhattan. In 2005, Antico and capos John Barbato and Lawrence Dentico were convicted of extortion charges. In 2007, he was released from prison.^[152][153] On March 6, 2010, Antico was charged with racketeering in connection with the 2008 robbery and murder of Staten Island jeweler Louis Antonelli.^[154] He was acquitted of murder charges, but found guilty of racketeering. He was released from prison on June 12, 2018.^[155]
• John Brescio – capo with supposed operations in Brooklyn and Queens, Brescio owns "Lombardi's", a Manhattan based pizzeria, which he runs with his step-son, Michael Giammarino. Brescio and Giammarino were denied a request to open a Lombardi's location inside of Parx Casino in Bensalem Township in Pennsylvania.^[156]

Queens faction

• Anthony "Rom" Romanello – capo operating from Corona Avenue in Corona, Queens^[157] Romanello took over Anthony Federici's old crew. In January 2012, he pleaded guilty to illegal gambling after the cooperating witness died from a heart attack before testifying in the case.^[157]

New Jersey faction

Main article: Genovese crime family New Jersey faction

• Imprisoned – Michael "Mikey Cigars" Coppola – capo of the "Fiumara-Coppola crew",^[158] although he is currently imprisoned, Coppola is still seen by law enforcement and experts as a leading captain in the New Jersey faction. He is currently serving his time at the United States Penitentiary, Atlanta for two counts of racketeering and his projected release date is March 4, 2024.^[159]
• Silvio P. DeVita – Sicilian born capo operating in Essex County. He is currently believed to be controlling Newark. He has prior convictions of first-degree murder, robbery and several other offenses. DeVita has also been excluded from visiting any casino in New Jersey.^[160]
• Bruschi crew – It is unknown who leads this crew since capo Ludwig "Ninni" Bruschi died in April 2020.^[161]
• Prisco crew – It is unknown who leads this crew since capo Joseph "Pepe" LaScala died in 2019.^[162]

Springfield, Massachusetts, faction

• Acting – Eugene "Rooster" O'Nofrio – a mobster from East Haven, Connecticut. O'Nofrio served as acting capo of the "Mulberry Street crew" in Manhattan's Little Italy and acting capo of the "Springfield, Massachusetts, crew".^[142] In 2016 Onofrio was indicted along with Genovese family capo's Pasquale Parrello and Conrad Ianniello and Philadelphia family boss Joseph Merlino and Springfield gangsters Ralph Santaniello and Francesco Depergola and forty other mobsters on gambling and extortion charges.^[142]

Soldiers

New York

• Lawrence "Little Larry" Dentico – former capo operating in South Jersey and Philadelphia. Dentico was consigliere in the late 1990s through the 2000s, when he was imprisoned on extortion, loansharking and racketeering charges. He was released from prison on May 12, 2009.^[163][164]
• Albert "Kid Blast" Gallo – former capo operating in Brooklyn neighborhoods of Carroll Gardens, Red Hook, and Cobble Hill and parts of Staten Island. In the mid-1970s, Gallo and Frank Illiano transferred from the Gallo crew of the Colombo crime family to the Genovese family. Gallo's co-capo Illiano died of natural causes in 2014.
• Rosario "Ross" Gangi – former capo operating in Manhattan, Brooklyn, and New Jersey. Gangi was involved in extortion activities at Fulton Fish Market. He was released from prison on August 8, 2008.^[165][166]
• John "Johnny Sausage" Barbato – former capo and former driver of Venero Mangano, he was involved in labor and construction racketeering with capos from the Brooklyn faction. Barbato was imprisoned in 2005 on racketeering and extortion charges, and released in 2008.^[167][168]
• James "Jimmy from 8th Street" Messera – former capo of the Little Italy Crew operating in Manhattan and Brooklyn. In the 1990s, Messera was involved in extorting the Mason Tenders union and was imprisoned on racketeering charges.^[169][170] He was released from prison on December 12, 1995.^[171]
• Ralph "the Undertaker" Balsamo (born 1971) – a soldier^[172] operating in the Bronx and Westchester. Balsamo pleaded guilty in 2007 to narcotics trafficking, firearms trafficking, extortion, and union-related fraud and was sentenced to 97 months in prison.^[173] He was released from prison on March 8, 2013.
• Louis DiNapoli – soldier with his brother Vincent DiNapoli's 116th Street crew.
• Anthony "Tough Tony" Federici – former capo in the Queens. Federici is the owner of a restaurant in Corona, Queens. In 2004, Federici was honored by Queens Borough President Helen Marshall for his community service.^[174] Federici has since passed on his illicit mob activities to Anthony Romanello.^[157]
• John "Little John" Giglio (born April 11, 1958) – also known as "Johnny Bull" is a soldier involved in loansharking.^[175]
• Joseph Olivieri – soldier, operating in the 116th Street Crew under capo Louis Moscatiello. Olivieri has been involved in extorting carpenters unions and is tied to labor racketeer Vincent DiNapoli.^[176] He was convicted of perjury and was released from Philadelphia CCM on January 13, 2011.^[177][178]
• Alphonse "Allie Shades" Malangone – was a former capo in the 1990s, controlling gambling, loansharking, waterfront rackets and extorting the Fulton Fish Market. He also controlled several private sanitation companies in Brooklyn through Kings County Trade Waste Association and Greater New York Waste Paper Association. Malagone was arrested in 2000 along with several Genovese and Gambino family members for their activities in the private waste industry.^[179][180]
• Daniel "Danny" Pagano – former acting capo of the Westchester County–Rockland County crew. Pagano was involved in the 1980s bootleg gasoline scheme with Russian mobsters.^[181] In 2007, Pagano was released after serving 105 months in prison.^[182] In 2015, sentenced to 2 years in prison on racketeering conspiracy charges.^[183]
• Charles Salzano – a soldier released from prison in 2009 after serving 37 months on loan sharking charges.^[173]
• Carmine "Pazzo" Testa — a soldier heavily involved in firearm trafficking along with, union fraud, money laundering, narcotic trafficking and illegal gambling charges. He pleaded guilty for firearm trafficking and has served 72 months with a 5,000 dollar fine.
• Joseph Zito – soldier in the Manhattan faction (the West Side Crew) under capo Rosario Gangi. Zito was involved in bookmaking and loansharking business.^[184] Law enforcement labeled Zito as acting underboss from 1997 through 2003, but he was probably just a top lieutenant under official underboss Venero Mangano. In the mid-1990s, Zito frequently visited Mangano in prison after his conviction in the Windows Case. Zito relayed messages from Mangano to the rest of the family leadership.

New Jersey

• Anthony "Tony D." Palumbo – is a former acting capo in the New Jersey faction.^[185] Palumbo was promoted acting boss of the New Jersey faction by close ally and acting boss Daniel Leo. In 2009, Palumbo was arrested and charged with racketeering and murder along Daniel Leo and others.^{[185][186][187]} In August 2010 Palumbo pleaded guilty to conspiracy murder charges.^[188] He was sentenced to 10 years in prison and was released on November 22, 2019.^[189]
• Stephen Depiro – former acting capo of the "Fiumara-Coppola crew". Depiro was overseeing the illegal operations in the New Jersey Newark/Elizabeth Seaport^[190] before Fiumara's death in 2010. It is unknown if Depiro still holds this position.

Associates

New Jersey

• Frankie "Frankie Ariana" DiMattina – an associate convicted January 6, 2014, on extortion and a firearms charge and sentenced to 6 years in prison.^[191]

Other territories

The Genovese family operates primarily in the New York City area; their main rackets are illegal gambling and labor racketeering.

• New York City – The Genovese family operates in all five boroughs of New York as well as in Suffolk, Westchester, Rockland, and Orange Counties in the New York suburbs. The family controls many businesses in the construction, trucking and waste hauling industries. It also operates numerous illegal gambling, loansharking, extortion, and insurance rackets. Small Genovese crews or individuals have operated in Albany, Delaware County, and Utica. The Buffalo, Rochester and Utica crime families or factions traditionally controlled these areas. The family also controls gambling in Saratoga Springs.^[192]
• Connecticut – The Genovese family has long operated trucking and waste hauling rackets in New Haven, Connecticut. In 2006, Genovese acting boss Matthew "Matty the Horse" Ianniello was indicted for trash hauling rackets in New Haven and Westchester County, New York. In 1981, Gustave "Gus" Curcio and his brother were indicted for the murder of Frank Piccolo, a member of the Gambino crime family.^[193][194]
• Massachusetts – Springfield, Massachusetts, has been a Genovese territory since the family's earliest days. The most influential Genovese leaders from Springfield were Salvatore "Big Nose Sam" Curfari, Francesco "Frankie Skyball" Scibelli, Adolfo "Big Al" Bruno, and Anthony Arillotta (turned informant 2009).^[195] In Worcester, Massachusetts, the most influential capos were Frank Iaconi and Carlo Mastrototaro. In Boston, Massachusetts, the New England or Patriarca crime family from Providence, Rhode Island, has long dominated the North End of Boston, but has been aligned with the Genovese family since the Prohibition era. In 2010, the FBI convinced Genovese mobsters Anthony Arillotta and Felix L. Tranghese to become government witnesses.^[3][196] They represent only the fourth and fifth Genovese made men to have cooperated with law enforcement.^[3] The government used Arillotta and Tranghese to prosecute capo Arthur "Artie" Nigro and his associates for the murder of Adolfo "Big Al" Bruno.^[196][197]
• Florida – The family is active in South Florida

Family crews

• 116th Street Crew – led by Pasquale "Uncle Patty" Falcetti (operates in the East Bronx)
• Greenwich Village Crew – (former crew of Vincent Gigante ) (crew operates in Greenwich Village in Lower Manhattan)
• Broadway Mob – (operated in Manhattan)
• Genovese crime family New Jersey faction – (crew operates in New Jersey)

Former members

• Dominick "Fat Dom" Alongi–former member of Vincent Gigante's Greenwich Village Crew.^[198]
• Salvatore "Sammy Meatballs" Aparo – a former acting capo. His son Vincent is also a made member of the Genovese family.^[199] In 2000, Aparo, his son Vincent, and Genovese associate Michael D'Urso met with Abraham Weider, the owner an apartment complex in Flatbush, Brooklyn.^[200] Weider wanted to get rid of the custodians union (SEIU Local 32B-J) and was willing to pay Aparo $600,000, but Aparo's associate D'Urso was an FBI informant and had recorded the meeting.^[201] In October 2002, Aparo was sentenced to five years in federal prison for racketeering.^[202] On May 25, 2006, Aparo was released from prison.^[203] Aparo died on May 12, 2017, at the age of 87.
• Michael A. "Tona" Borelli - was a New Jersey mobster and former acting co-capo of Tino Fiumara's crew, along with Lawrence Ricci. Borelli controlled construction and illegal gambling rackets in NJ, and formerly oversaw the Teamster's Union.^[204] On March 21, 2020, Borelli died.^[205]
• Ludwig "Ninni" Bruschi – former capo operating in South Jersey Counties of Ocean, Monmouth, Middlesex, and North Jersey Counties of Hudson, Essex, Passaic and Union. Bruschi was indicted in June 2003 and paroled in April 2010.^[206] On April 19, 2020, Bruschi died.^[207]
• Vincent "Vinny" DiNapoli – soldier and former capo with the 116th Street Crew. DiNapoli was heavily involved in labor racketeering and had reportedly earned millions of dollars from extortion, bid rigging and loansharking rackets. DiNapoli dominated the N.Y.C. District Council of Carpenters and used them to extort other contractors in New York. DiNapoli's brother, Joseph DiNapoli, is the former consigliere of the Lucchese crime family.^[208][209]
• Dominick "Dom The Sailor" DiQuarto – former member of Vincent Gigante's Greenwich Village Crew.^[198]
• Giuseppe Fanaro – was a member of the Morello family, who was involved in the Barrel murder of 1903.^[210] In November 1913, Fanaro was murdered by members of the Lomonte and Alfred Mineo's gangs.^[211]
• Federico "Fritzy" Giovanelli – soldier who was heavily involved in loansharking, illegal gambling and bookmaking in the Queens/Brooklyn area. Giovanelli was charged with the January 1986 killing of Anthony Venditti, an undercover NYPD detective, but was eventually acquitted. One known soldier in Giovanelli's crew was Frank "Frankie California" Condo. In 2001, Giovanelli worked with soldier Ernest "Junior" Varacalli in a car theft ring. On January 19, 2018, Giovanelli died at the age of 84.^[212]
• Joseph N. "Pepe" LaScala – former New Jersey capo operating from Hudson County waterfronts cities of Bayonne and Jersey City. LaScala had been Angelo Prisco's acting capo before he took over the crew.^[115] In May 2012, LaScala and other members of his crew were arrested and charged with illegal gambling in Bayonne.^[213][214] LaScala died on February 3, 2019, at the age of 87.^[215]
• Rosario "Saro" Mogavero – A hitman by the age of 15,^[216] Mogavero was a powerful capo and close ally of Vito Genovese.^[217] He was the vice president of the International Longshoreman's Association until his arrest for extortion and drug dealing in 1953.^[218][219] Mogavero controlled gambling, loan sharking and drug smuggling along the Lower East Side of Manhattan waterfront in the 1950s and 1960s along with Tommy "Ryan" Eboli, Michael Clemente and Carmine "The Snake" Persico.^[220]
• Arthur "Artie" Nigro – former member who served as the family's Street Boss from 2002 to 2006, Nigro was sentenced to life in prison in 2011 for ordering the 2003 murder of Adolfo Bruno. Nigro died on April 24, 2019, at the age of 74^[221]
• Ciro Perrone – a former capo. In 1998, Perrone was promoted to captain taking over Matthew Ianniello's old crew. In July 2005, Perrone along with Ianniello and other members of his crew were indicted on extortion, loansharking, labor racketeering and illegal gambling.^[222] In 2008, Perrone was sentenced to five years for racketeering and loan sharking.^[223] Perrone ran his crew from a social club and Don Peppe's restaurant in Ozone Park, Queens.^[223] In 2009, Perrone lost his retrial and was sentenced to five years for racketeering and loan sharking.^[224] Perrone was released from prison on October 14, 2011.^[225] Perrone died in 2011.
• John "Zackie" Savino – born in 1898 in Bari, Southern Italy. He immigrated to the United States in 1912 and settled into Upper Manhattan, Harlem. He later moved to the Bronx area. Savino reportedly served under Genovese capo Jimmy Angelina. He died in the late 1970s or 1980s.
• Frank "Farby" Serpico – born in 1916 in Corona, Queens. Serpico was a member of the 116th Street Crew of the Genovese family. He was promoted to acting boss or street boss by Vincent Gigante from 1998 to 2001 He died in 2002.
• Charles "Chuckie" Tuzzo – capo operating in New Jersey, Brooklyn and Manhattan. In 2002, Tuzzo was indicted with Liborio Bellomo, Ernest Muscarella and others for infiltrating the International Longshoreman's Association (ILA) local in order to extort waterfront companies operating from New York, New Jersey, and Florida.^[226][227] On February 2, 2006, Tuzzo was released from prison after serving several years on racketeering and conspiracy charges.^[228] On October 21, 2014, Tuzzo along with soldier Vito Alberti were indicted in New Jersey on loansharking, gambling and money laundering charges.^[229] Tuzzo died in July 2020.
• Eugene "Charles" Ubriaco – was a member of the Morello family, he lived on East 114th Street.^[6] Ubriaco was arrested in June 1915 for carrying a revolver and was released on bail. On September 7, 1916, Ubriaco along with Nicholas Morello meet with the Navy Street gang in Brooklyn and they both were shot to death on Johson Street in Brooklyn.^[6][230]

Government informants and witnesses

• Joseph "Joe Cargo" Valachi – he exposed the inner workings of the American Mafia in 1963. Valachi was active since the Castellammarese War during the early 1930s, as an associate of the Lucchese crime family; however; after the murder of Salvatore Maranzano in 1931, he joined sides with the Genovese family. Valachi was a soldier in the crew of Anthony Strollo. In 1959, Valachi was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment for narcotics involvement. He feared that crime family boss and namesake, Vito Genovese, ordered a murder-contract on him in 1962. Valachi and Genovese were both serving prison sentences for heroin trafficking. On June 22, 1962, he murdered another prisoner in the yard with a steel pipe, whom he mistook for Joseph DiPalermo, a Mafia member he believed was tasked to kill him. Facing the death penalty, Valachi testified before the United States Senate Committee in 1963. He died in 1971 of a heart attack while imprisoned at FCI La Tuna.
• Giovanni "Johnny Futto" Biello – born in 1906. He was a former capo who was active in the Miami area. He ran the Peppermint Lounge during the 1960s for Matthew Ianniello. Biello was a very good friend to Joseph Bonanno, the namesake and former Bonanno crime family leader. He claimed he was close friends with John Roselli, a high-ranking member of the Chicago Outfit.^[231] Biello, along with Joseph Colombo, were supposed to participate in Bonanno's 1962 plot to murder New York crime family bosses, Tommy Lucchese and Carlo Gambino; however, the plan was revealed to the Mafia Commission. Colombo was awarded with his own crime family, the Profaci family—now the Colombo crime family; however, Biello was later murdered. He was shot to death on 17 March 1967, by future Genovese capo George Barone, who would later confess to the murder and become an informant in 2001. His murder was either ordered by Joseph Bonanno or Anthony Salerno and Matthew Ianniello. Before his murder, he allegedly transferred to the Patriarca crime family. In 2012, his son-in-law released a book about Biello's life, named the Peppermint Twist.^[232][233]
• Vincent "Fish" Cafaro – former capo and close associate of Tony Salerno. Cafaro was a heroin dealer before joining the Genovese family. He was a protegee of Genovese high-ranking member Anthony Salerno.^[234] Cafaro was inducted into the Genovese crime family in 1974. He was assigned to Salerno's crew and operated out of East Harlem. For over a decade, Cafaro had influence within the N.Y.C. District Council of Carpenters. Along with Genovese and Gambino members, he received kickback payments. After fellow conspirator and Genovese capo Vincent DiNapoli was sentenced to prison, Cafaro became even more powerful and wealthy; however, he was eventually forced to give DiNapoli some custom within the Carpenter Council. After his 1986 indictment, he wore a wire for five months for the FBI.^[235] In 1990, he testified against Gambino boss John Gotti, who ordered the shooting of a Carpenter Council official in 1986.^[236]
• George Barone – former soldier.^[237] He was allegedly a founding member of the real-life Jets street gang. In February 1954 while working as a longshoreman recruiter, Barone and a few friends caught and cornered William Torres, who was dissatisfied that he was not hired. Barone repeatedly hit Torres with a metal bar. Police charged him with felonious assault; however, it was later dropped to disorderly conduct. At a meeting with the Gambino crime family in the late 1960s, it was agreed upon that the Gambino family would own the Brooklyn and Staten Island waterfronts, and the Genovese family would control the Manhattan and Hudson Waterfront.^[238] By the early 1970s, Barone was the official Genovese representative for the Genovese-owned waterfronts and was a soldier for the family.^[239] By the late 1970s, he controlled the Florida waterfront. In 1979, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison for racketeering; however, he only served 7 years behind bars. Shortly after his 2001 indictment for extortion and racketeering, Barone decided to cooperate in April 2001 after being "put on the shelf" by the Genovese hierarchy. He testified against Gambino captain Anthony Ciccone in 2003. He had participated in nearly 20 murders. In 2009, he testified against Genovese capo Mikey Coppola.^[240][241] Barone died in December 2010 at the age of 86.
• Louis Moscatiello Sr. – former acting capo and soldier active in the Bronx.^[242][243] He was in charge of the Genovese infiltration of the drywall and construction industry. In 1991, he was convicted of bribing a labor official. He took a plea deal in 2004 and cooperated with the government. He was set to testify against Joseph Olivieri, a Genovese family soldier;^[244] however, he died in February 2009.
• John "JB" Bologna – former associate.^[245] He began cooperating in 1996 as a tipster for the FBI. He was primarily active in the Springfield, Massachusetts, area and served as an associate to Genovese capo Adolfo Bruno. Bologna was sentenced to eight years in prison, some of his charges included murder conspiracy, illegal gambling, extortion and racketeering. He died in prison on 17 January 2017.
• Michael “Cookie” D’Urso – former associate involved in loansharking, fraud, loansharking and murder. He wore a Rolex with a recording wire from 1998 to 2001 after he was arrested for driving the getaway car and supplying the gun in the 1996 murder of John Borelli. By 2007, his testimony has led to over 70 convictions. In March 2007, he was sentenced to 5 years probation and $200 fine for the murder. D’Urso reportedly informed on the Genovese family after he was shot in the head over a gambling debt and his cousin Tino Lombardi was shot dead.
• Renaldi Ruggiero – former captain who headed the South Florida crew.^[246] It is noted that in 2003, he gave the approval to extort $1.5 million from a South Florida businessman, who was kept ransom in the office of Genovese associate, Francis J. O'Donnell, and a gun was held to his head, in October 2003. The South Florida businessman was beaten up and had all of his fingers broken, one of his hands were severely damaged and he was then threatened to pay the money by the following week, implying that he would be murdered if he failed to follow through. It was also noted that Ruggiero was active in loan sharking, and was charging 40 of his customers between 52 and 156 percent interest. He was arrested in 2006 alongside 6 other Genovese members and associates, including Albert Facchiano who was aged 96 at the time, for several crimes, including extortion, armed robbery and money laundering. He faced 120 years in prison, if convicted. Ruggiero cooperated with the government in February 2007 and broke his Omerta by admitting his involvement with the American Mafia and that he served as a capo for the Genovese family, as part of his plea deal.^[247][248] In February 2012, he was sentenced to 14 years' imprisonment; however, prosecutors recommended that Ruggiero should serve half of the sentence because of his cooperation, which the judge accepted.
• Felix Tranghese – former capo and soldier. Tranghese was proposed for membership into the Genovese family in 1982 by Adolfo Bruno. He cooperated with the government in 2010, as a result of being "shelved" in the year of 2006.^[249] He admitted to receiving the message of the murder contract on Western Massachusetts capo Adolfo Bruno from high-ranking members of the Genovese family in New York, and to delivering the message to Bruno's crew. He also admitted to carrying out extortion and several shootings on behalf of former Genovese street boss, Arthur Nigro. In 2011 and 2012, he returned to New York to testify in 2 separate murder trials, alongside Anthony Arillotta.
• Anthony "Bingy" Arillotta – former soldier who became a government witness in 2010, alongside Felix Tranghese, a fellow Genovese-Springfield crew member. He admitted to his involvement in the 2003 murders of capo Adolfo Bruno and Gary Westerman, his brother-in-law. He also plead guilty to the attempted murder of a New York union boss, which also occurred in 2003. Like Tranghese, he was sentenced to 4 years' imprisonment and both had relocated to Springfield after their release.

In popular culture

The Genovese crime family has a long history of portrayal in Hollywood as the subject of film and television.

Television

• Godfather of Harlem (2019)

Film

• Mobsters (1991)^[250]

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External links

• "Meet the Genovese Crime Family's New Boss".