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Guardia Nacional Aérea de Ohio
112th Fighter Squadron - General Dynamics F-16C Block 42E Fighting Falcon 89-2051.jpg
Un F-16C Fighting Falcon del 112th Fighter Squadron en Toledo AGB. El 112 es la unidad más antigua de la Guardia Nacional Aérea de Ohio, con más de 90 años de servicio en el estado y la nación.
Fundado20 de junio de 1927 ; Hace 93 años (1927-06-20)
País Estados Unidos
Lealtad Estado de Ohio
RamaUS-AirNationalGuard-2007Emblem.svg Guardia Nacional Aérea
Papel"Para cumplir con las responsabilidades de la misión estatal y federal".
Tamañomás de 5,000
Parte deGuardia Nacional de Ohio Oficina de la Guardia Nacional de
Estados Unidos
Guarnición / HQGuardia Nacional Aérea de Ohio, 7370 Readiness Road, Columbus, Ohio, 43217
Comandantes
Liderazgo civilPresidente Joe Biden
(Comandante en Jefe)
John P. Roth
(Secretario de la Fuerza Aérea)
Gobernador Mike DeWine
(Gobernador del Estado de Ohio)
Liderazgo militar estatalEl Mayor General John C. Harris Jr.
Insignias
Emblema de la Guardia Nacional Aérea de OhioOhio Air National Guard - Emblem.png
Aeronaves voladas
CombatienteF-16C Fighting Falcon
ReconocimientoDepredador MQ-1
TransporteC-130H Hércules
C-27J Spartan
PetroleroKC-135R Stratotanker

La Guardia Nacional Aérea de Ohio ( OH ANG ) es la milicia aérea del estado de Ohio , Estados Unidos de América . Es, junto con la Guardia Nacional del Ejército de Ohio , un elemento de la Guardia Nacional de Ohio .

Como unidades de la milicia estatal, las unidades de la Guardia Nacional Aérea de Ohio no están en la cadena de mando normal de la Fuerza Aérea de los Estados Unidos . Están bajo la jurisdicción del Gobernador de Ohio a través de la oficina del Ayudante General de Ohio a menos que estén federalizados por orden del Presidente de los Estados Unidos . La Guardia Nacional Aérea de Ohio tiene su sede en Beightler Armory, Columbus, y su comandante es el mayor general James R. Camp.

Resumen [ editar ]

Bajo el concepto de "Fuerza Total", las unidades de la Guardia Nacional Aérea de Ohio se consideran Componentes de la Reserva Aérea (ARC) de la Fuerza Aérea de los Estados Unidos (USAF). Las unidades ANG de Ohio están entrenadas y equipadas por la Fuerza Aérea y son obtenidas operativamente por un Comando Mayor de la USAF si se federalizan. Además, las fuerzas de la Guardia Nacional Aérea de Ohio están asignadas a las Fuerzas Expedicionarias Aéreas y están sujetas a órdenes de asignación de tareas de despliegue junto con sus contrapartes en servicio activo y en la Reserva de la Fuerza Aérea en su ventana de despliegue de ciclo asignado.

Junto con sus obligaciones de reserva federal, como unidades de milicias estatales, los elementos del ANG de Ohio están sujetos a ser activados por orden del gobernador para brindar protección a la vida y la propiedad, y preservar la paz, el orden y la seguridad pública. Las misiones estatales incluyen ayuda en caso de desastres en tiempos de terremotos, huracanes, inundaciones e incendios forestales, búsqueda y rescate, protección de servicios públicos vitales y apoyo a la defensa civil.

Componentes [ editar ]

La Guardia Nacional Aérea de Ohio consta de las siguientes unidades principales:

Reconocido federalmente el 10 de noviembre de 1947 (como: 166 ° Escuadrón de Cazas ); opera: KC-135R Stratotanker
Estacionado en: Base de la Guardia Nacional Aérea de Rickenbacker , Columbus
Obtenido por: Air Mobility Command
La 121a Ala de Reabastecimiento Aéreo proporciona la capacidad principal de reabastecimiento aéreo para la Fuerza Aérea de los EE. UU. Y la Guardia Nacional Aérea. También proporciona apoyo de reabastecimiento aéreo a aeronaves de la Fuerza Aérea, la Armada, la Infantería de Marina y las naciones aliadas. [1]
  • 178a Ala
Reconocido federalmente el 22 de noviembre de 1947 (como: 162 ° Escuadrón de Cazas ); opera: MQ-1 Predator
Estacionado en: Base de la Guardia Nacional Aérea de Springfield, Springfield
Obtenido por: Comando de combate aéreo
El ala 178 admite las salidas de apoyo de combate de los sistemas aéreos no tripulados MQ-1B Predator, que brindan liderazgo a nivel nacional y de teatro con inteligencia, vigilancia y reconocimiento en tiempo real y municiones aire-tierra y capacidad de ataque [2].
  • Ala 179 del Puente Aéreo
Reconocido federalmente el 20 de junio de 1948 (como: 164 ° Escuadrón de Cazas ); opera: C-130H Hercules
Estacionado en: Mansfield Lahm Regional Airport , Mansfield
Obtenido por: Air Mobility Command
La misión del 179th es utilizar el avión de transporte aéreo táctico C130H para apoyar los requisitos de transporte aéreo nacionales y extranjeros. [3]
  • 180 ° Ala de caza
Reconocido federalmente el 2 de diciembre de 1946 (como 112 ° Escuadrón de Bombardeo ); opera: F-16C / D Fighting Falcon
Estacionado en: Base de la Guardia Nacional Aérea de Toledo, Toledo
Obtenido por: Comando de combate aéreo
Como unidad F-16, la misión principal de la 180th Fighter Wing es proporcionar unidades de combate, unidades de apoyo al combate y personal calificado para apoyar a la Fuerza Aérea en servicio activo. [4]

Funciones y capacidades de la unidad de soporte:

  • 251st Combat Communications Group , Aeropuerto Municipal de Springfield-Beckley, Springfield, Ohio
  • 269 ​​° Escuadrón de Comunicaciones de Combate , Aeropuerto Municipal de Springfield-Beckley
  • 123a escuadrilla del control de aire, azul estación aérea Ash , Blue Ash, Ohio
  • 200th Red Horse Squadron, Camp Perry Air National Guard Station, Port Clinton, Ohio
  • 220th Engineering Installation Squadron, Zanesville Municipal Airport, Zanesville, Ohio
  • 164th Weather Flight, Rickenbacker International Airport, Columbus, Ohio
  • 555th Air Force Band, Air Force Band of the Great Lakes ("Triple Nickel"), Toledo Express Airport, Swanton, Ohio (inactivated 30 September 2013)

History[edit]

Formation[edit]

Douglas O-38s of the Ohio National Guard in flight, 1936

Aviation units of the National Guard first began operating in 1915. The state of Ohio received its first aerial unit after World War I, when the 112th Observation Squadron (consolidated with the World War I 112th Aero Squadron on 20 October 1936) was constituted in 1921 and assigned to the 37th Division, but not activated. The 112th O.S. was organized and federally recognized on 20 June 1927, at Cleveland Airport. In 1933 the unit was assigned to the 45th Observation Group, a Regular Army Inactive (RAI) unit assigned to support the V Corps in wartime. The unit was inducted into federal service on 25 November 1940, and assigned to Pope Field, North Carolina, in support of the I Corps.

One of its former members, Lt. Col. Addison E. Baker, was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor while commanding the B-24-equipped 93rd Bomb Group during a mission against the Ploesti oil refineries on 1 August 1943. The 112th Observation Squadron continues today as the 112th Fighter Squadron, assigned to the 180th Fighter Wing in Toledo.

The Ohio Air National Guard was formed when the 357th Fighter Group, a highly decorated fighter unit in World War II, was inactivated on 20 August 1946, and its squadrons designated for assignment to the Ohio ANG. The official site of the Ohio Air National Guard notes that it is "descended from the 357th Fighter Group".[5] The 357th Fighter Group was re-designated the 121st Fighter Group on 21 August 1946, and the 121st FG then allocated to the OHANG.[6] In 1947, with the passage of the National Security Act of 1947 creating a separate Air Force, the Ohio Air National Guard came into being as a federally recognized reserve component.[7] The 121st FG received its federal recognition on 26 June 1948.

An F-51D Mustang of the 162d Fighter Squadron, 1947

The three fighter squadrons of the 357th were also re-designated as squadrons of the Ohio Air National Guard. (Subsequently, the 121st FG was inactivated.) Initially fighter squadrons flying F-84 and later F-100 and A-7 jets, these redesignated squadrons that formed the first units of the OHANG are:

  • 162d Fighter Squadron (formerly the 362d FS), now an F-16 training squadron. Federally recognized on 2 November 1947.
  • 164th Airlift Squadron (formerly the 363d FS), now a C-130 squadron. Federally recognized on 20 June 1948.
  • 166th Air Refueling Squadron (formerly the 364th FS), now a KC-135 tanker squadron. Federally recognized on 2 March 1948.

Operational history[edit]

The 121st Fighter Wing, of which the 121st FG was initially a part, was created as the 55th Fighter Wing on 7 December 1947, to continue the history and the lineage of the 55th Bomb Wing, a B-24 outfit that saw combat in Italy during World War II.[8]

F-16Cs of the 180th Fighter Wing flying over Alaska, 2006

In November 1950 it was redesignated as the 121st Fighter Wing and equipped with the first jet aircraft to serve in the OHANG. The 121st FW was called to federal service during the Korean War, although neither it nor its squadrons saw combat. Other units saw service during the Berlin Airlift, the Vietnam War, and Operation Desert Storm.

The 160th Air Refueling Wing was assigned to the Strategic Air Command on 1 July 1976. It was initially equipped with Boeing KC-97L Stratofreighters. The unit was based at Rickenbacker AFB and equipped with Boeing KC-135s, the 160th ARW was one of 13 Air Guard refueling units assigned to SAC as part of the initial integration of Air Reserve Component units into its forces and mission. On the disbandment of SAC, the 160th Wing was reassigned to Air Mobility Command, Fifteenth Air Force on 31 May 1992, and its 160th Air Refueling Group merged with the 121st Fighter Wing to become the current 121st Air Refueling Wing. The 160th ARG was inactivated but its 145th ARS continues as a unit of the 121st ARW today. The Major Command assignment of the 121st ARW is the Air Mobility Command.

A Boeing KC-97L Stratofreighter of the 160th Air Refueling Wing, 1974

The 178th Tactical Fighter Group was formed on 15 October 1962, from the 162nd Tactical Fighter Squadron and its supporting units after serving on active duty in response to the 1961 Berlin Crisis. In 1993 it also transitioned from A-7 Corsair fighter bombers to F-16s and became the 178th Fighter Wing. The Major Command assignment of the 178th FW is the Air Education and Training Command. The 178th is currently a Fighter Training Unit and the mission since 2007 has been a Foreign Sales Mission. The 178th engages in full scale training of the Royal Netherlands Air Force under the FSM. This mission is scheduled through 2010.

The 179th Tactical Fighter Group was formed out of the 164th TFS on 19 October 1962, after its release from federal service. Initially equipped with F-84s, the group converted to C-130 Hercules airlifters in January 1976 and became the 179th Tactical Airlift Group. It underwent its most current redesignation on 1 October 1995, when it became the 179th Airlift Wing.

A C-130H Hercules of the 179th Airlift Wing

The 179th is currently re-equipping with the C-27 Spartan tactical airlifter with planned initial operational capability delayed until 2011, and a deployment to Afghanistan originally scheduled for March 2011 delayed four months. The Major Command assignment of the 179th AW is the Air Mobility Command.

The 180th Tactical Fighter Group was formed in October 1962 flying F-84 Thunderstreak fighter bombers, shortly after its release from federal service. It later converted to F-100 Super Sabres and A-7s, and participated in Operation Just Cause in 1989. In 1993 it acquired F-16 fighters and became the 180th Fighter Wing. The Major Command assignment of the 180th FW is the Air Combat Command.

Currently, the Ohio Air National Guard is serving a joint state-federal mission as part of the Global War on Terror. F-16 and C-130 aircraft of all OHANG units display the tail code "OH". In 2005 the 179th Airlift Wing, 121st Air Refueling Wing, 180th Fighter Wing, 178th Fighter Wing, 200th Red Horse Squadron, 251st Combat Communications Group, 269th combat Communications Squadron, 123rd Air Control Squadron were deployed in response to Hurricane Katrina.

See also[edit]

  • Ohio Military Reserve
  • Ohio Naval Militia
  • Ohio Wing Civil Air Patrol

References[edit]

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

  1. ^ 121st Air Refueling Wing website
  2. ^ 178th Fighter Wing website
  3. ^ 179th Airlift Wing website
  4. ^ 180th Fighter Wing website
  5. ^ "History". Ohio Air National Guard. Archived from the original on 3 September 2006. Retrieved 14 October 2006.
  6. ^ Maurer Maurer (1961). "357th Fighter Group". Air Force Combat Units of World War II. Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6.
  7. ^ "History on-line". National Guard Bureau Historical Services Division. Retrieved 11 January 2007.
  8. ^ "121st Air Refueling Wing". Ohio Air National Guard. Archived from the original on 9 December 2006. Retrieved 11 January 2007.
  • Gross, Charles J (1996), The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition, United States Dept. of Defense, ISBN 0160483026
  • Ohio Air National Guard (official site)
  • 555th Air Force Band End Run of 9 Decades...

External links[edit]

Official sites
  • Ohio National Guard
  • 121st Air Refueling Wing
  • 178th Fighter Wing
  • 179th Airlift Wing
  • 180th Fighter Wing
  • National Guard Bureau Biography, Brig. Gen. Mark E. Bartman
Unofficial pages from GlobalSecurity.org
  • 121st Air Refueling Wing
  • 178th Fighter Wing
  • 179th Airlift Wing
  • 180th Fighter Wing