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Trenton es la ciudad capital del estado estadounidense de Nueva Jersey y la sede del condado de Mercer . [22] Sirvió brevemente como la capital de los Estados Unidos en 1784. [23] El área metropolitana de la ciudad, que consiste en el condado de Mercer, se agrupa con el área estadística combinada de Nueva York por la Oficina del censo de los Estados Unidos , [24] pero limita directamente con el área metropolitana de Filadelfia y fue desde 1990 hasta 2000 parte del Área Estadística Combinada de Filadelfia . [25] A partir delCenso de Estados Unidos de 2010 , Trenton tenía una población de 84.913, [10] [11] [12] lo que lo convierte en el décimo municipio más grande del estado después de haber sido el noveno municipio más grande del estado en 2000. [26] La población disminuyó en 490 ( -0,6%) de los 85.403 contabilizados en el censo de 2000 , que a su vez había disminuido en 3.272 (-3,7%) de los 88.675 contabilizados en el censo de 1990 . [27] La oficina de censo 's Population Estimates Programa calcula que la población de la ciudad era de 83.203 en 2019, [13] el ranking de la ciudad, el 413o más poblado en el país .[14]

Trenton se remonta al menos al 3 de junio de 1719, cuando se mencionó la designación de un agente de policía para Trenton mientras el área todavía formaba parte del condado de Hunterdon . Los límites del municipio de Trenton se registraron a partir del 2 de marzo de 1720. [28] Se construyeron un palacio de justicia y una cárcel en Trenton alrededor de 1720, y los propietarios del condado de Hunterdon se reunían anualmente en Trenton. [29] Trenton se convirtió en la capital de Nueva Jersey el 25 de noviembre de 1790, y la ciudad de Trenton se formó dentro del municipio de Trenton el 13 de noviembre de 1792. El municipio de Trenton se incorporó como uno de los 104 municipios del grupo inicial de Nueva Jersey por un acto de la Legislatura de Nueva Jerseyel 21 de febrero de 1798. El 22 de febrero de 1834, partes del municipio de Trenton se tomaron para formar el municipio de Ewing . La parte restante del municipio de Trenton fue absorbida por la ciudad de Trenton el 10 de abril de 1837. Se llevaron a cabo una serie de anexiones durante un período de 50 años, y la ciudad absorbió el distrito de South Trenton (14 de abril de 1851), partes del municipio de Nottingham. (14 de abril de 1856), tanto el municipio de Chambersburg Township como el municipio de Millham (ambos el 30 de marzo de 1888), así como Wilbur Borough (28 de febrero de 1898). Partes del municipio de Ewing y del municipio de Hamilton se anexaron a Trenton el 23 de marzo de 1900. [28] [30]

Historia

La captura de las arpilleras en Trenton, 26 de diciembre de 1776 , pintura de John Trumbull
The Old Barracks en Trenton, Nueva Jersey

Los primeros habitantes conocidos del área que es hoy Trenton fueron los nativos americanos Lenape . [31] El primer asentamiento europeo en lo que se convertiría en Trenton fue establecido por cuáqueros en 1679, en la región entonces llamada Cataratas del Delaware, dirigido por Mahlon Stacy de Handsworth , Sheffield , Inglaterra. Los cuáqueros estaban siendo perseguidos en Inglaterra en ese momento y América del Norte brindó la oportunidad de ejercer su libertad religiosa. [32]

En 1719, la ciudad adoptó el nombre de "Trent-towne", en honor a William Trent , uno de sus principales terratenientes que compró gran parte de las tierras circundantes a la familia de Stacy. Este nombre más tarde se acortó a "Trenton". [33] [34] [35]

Durante la Guerra de Independencia de los Estados Unidos , la ciudad fue el escenario de la Batalla de Trenton , la primera victoria militar de George Washington . Entre el 25 y el 26 de diciembre de 1776, Washington y su ejército, después de cruzar el gélido río Delaware hasta Trenton, derrotaron a las tropas de Hesse guarnecidas allí. [36] La segunda batalla de Trenton, la batalla de Assunpink Creek , se libró aquí el 2 de enero de 1777. [37] Después de la guerra, el Congreso de la Confederación se reunió durante dos meses en la French Arms Tavern desde el 1 de noviembre de 1784. , al 24 de diciembre de 1784. [23] Si bien la ciudad fue preferida porNueva Inglaterra y otros estados del norte como capital permanente del nuevo país, los estados del sur finalmente prevalecieron en su elección de una ubicación al sur de la línea Mason-Dixon . [38] El 21 de abril de 1789, la ciudad organizó una recepción para George Washington en su viaje a la ciudad de Nueva York para su primera inauguración . [39]

Trenton se convirtió en la capital del estado en 1790, pero antes de ese año la legislatura de Nueva Jersey se reunía a menudo en la ciudad. [40] La ciudad fue incorporada en 1792. [28]

Durante la Guerra de 1812 , el hospital principal del Ejército de los Estados Unidos estaba en un sitio en Broad Street. [41]

A lo largo del siglo XIX, Trenton creció de manera constante, ya que los inmigrantes europeos llegaron a trabajar en sus fábricas de cerámica y cables. En 1837, con la población ahora demasiado grande para el gobierno por consejo, se adoptó un nuevo gobierno de alcalde, con estatutos que siguen vigentes hasta el día de hoy. [42]

Los Trenton Six eran un grupo de hombres negros arrestados por el presunto asesinato de un comerciante blanco anciano en enero de 1948 con una botella de refresco. Fueron arrestados sin orden judicial, sin abogados y condenados a muerte sobre la base de lo que se describió como confesiones obtenidas bajo coacción. Con la participación del Partido Comunista y la NAACP, hubo varias apelaciones, lo que resultó en un total de cuatro juicios. Finalmente, los acusados ​​(a excepción de uno que murió en prisión) fueron puestos en libertad. El incidente fue el tema del libro Jersey Justice: The Story of the Trenton Six , escrito por Cathy Knepper. [43] [44]

Disturbios de 1968

Los disturbios de Trenton de 1968 fueron un importante disturbio civil que tuvo lugar durante la semana posterior al asesinato del líder de los derechos civiles Martin Luther King Jr. en Memphis el 4 de abril. Disturbios racialesestalló en todo el país tras el asesinato del activista de derechos civiles. Más de 200 negocios de Trenton, la mayoría en el centro de la ciudad, fueron saqueados e incendiados. Más de 300 personas, la mayoría de ellos jóvenes negros, fueron arrestadas por cargos que iban desde asalto e incendio premeditado hasta saqueo y violación del toque de queda de emergencia del alcalde. Además de 16 policías heridos, 15 bomberos fueron tratados en hospitales de la ciudad por inhalación de humo, quemaduras, esguinces y cortes sufridos mientras luchaban contra incendios furiosos o por lesiones infligidas por alborotadores. Los ciudadanos del núcleo urbano de Trenton a menudo activaban falsas alarmas y luego arrojaban ladrillos a los bomberos que respondían a las cajas de alarma. Esta experiencia, junto con experiencias similares en otras ciudades importantes, terminó efectivamente con el uso de camiones de bomberos de cabina abierta. Como medida provisional,El Departamento de Bomberos de Trenton fabricó recintos de cabina temporales con placas de acero para plataformas hasta que se pudiera obtener equipo nuevo. La ciudad estimó inicialmente las pérdidas sufridas por las empresas del centro de la ciudad en $ 7 millones, pero el total de reclamaciones y acuerdos de seguros llegó a $ 2,5 millones.[45]

El barrio de Battle Monument de Trenton fue el más afectado. Desde la década de 1950, North Trenton había sido testigo de un éxodo constante de residentes de clase media, y los disturbios marcaron el final de North Trenton. En la década de 1970, la región se había convertido en una de las más arruinadas y plagadas de delitos de la ciudad. [46]

Geografía

Las "Cataratas del Delaware" en Trenton

Según la Oficina del Censo de los Estados Unidos , la ciudad tenía un área total de 21,25 km 2 (8,21 millas cuadradas ), incluidas 19,63 km 2 (7,58 millas cuadradas ) de tierra y 1,62 km 2 (0,63 millas cuadradas ) de agua (7,62%). . [2] [3]

Varios puentes a través del río Delaware conectan Trenton con Morrisville , Pensilvania , todos los cuales son operados por la Comisión Conjunta de Puentes de Peaje del Río Delaware . [47] El puente de peaje Trenton-Morrisville , construido originalmente en 1952, se extiende por 404 m (1.324 pies) y lleva la Ruta 1 de los Estados Unidos . [48] El Puente Inferior de Trenton , con la leyenda "Trenton Makes The World Takes Bridge", es un tramo de 1.022 pies (312 m) que se construyó en 1928 en el sitio de un puente que data de 1804. [49] El puente de Calhoun Street , que data de 1884, tiene 388 m (1274 pies) de largo. [50]

Trenton se encuentra cerca del centro geográfico del estado, que se encuentra a 8 km (5 millas) al sureste de la ciudad. [51] [52] La ciudad a veces se incluye como parte del norte de Jersey y como la ciudad más al sur de la región de los tres estados , mientras que otros la consideran parte del sur de Jersey y, por lo tanto, la ciudad más al norte del valle de Delaware . [53]

Sin embargo, el condado de Mercer constituye su propia área estadística metropolitana , formalmente conocida como Trenton-Princeton MSA. [54] Los lugareños consideran que Trenton es parte de un área ambigua conocida como Central Jersey y, por lo tanto, no forma parte de ninguna de las dos regiones. Por lo general, están divididos en cuanto a si se encuentran dentro de la esfera de influencia de Nueva York o Filadelfia. Si bien está geográficamente más cerca de Filadelfia, muchas personas que se han mudado recientemente al área viajan diariamente a la ciudad de Nueva York y se han mudado allí para escapar de los altos costos de vivienda de la región de Nueva York.

Trenton es una de las dos capitales estatales que limitan con otro estado; la otra es Carson City, Nevada . [55] También es una de las siete capitales estatales ubicadas dentro de la meseta de Piamonte .

Trenton limita con el municipio de Ewing , el municipio de Hamilton y el municipio de Lawrence en el condado de Mercer; y Falls Township , Lower Makefield Township y Morrisville en el condado de Bucks, Pensilvania , al otro lado del río Delaware en Pensilvania . [56] [57] [58]

El corredor noreste pasa por Trenton. Una línea recta trazada entre el centro de la ciudad, Filadelfia y el centro de Manhattan pasaría a 2000 pies de la Casa del Estado de Nueva Jersey .

Barrios

La ciudad de Trenton alberga numerosos barrios y subbarrios. Los barrios principales se toman de las cuatro direcciones cardinales (norte, sur, este y oeste). Trenton fue una vez el hogar de grandes comunidades italianas, húngaras y judías, pero, desde la década de 1950, los cambios demográficos han convertido a la ciudad en un enclave urbano relativamente segregado de afroamericanos de ingresos medios y bajos. Los italianos se encuentran dispersos por toda la ciudad, pero una comunidad italiana distinta se centra en el barrio de Chambersburg , en el sur de Trenton. [59]Esta comunidad ha estado en declive desde la década de 1970, en gran parte debido a los cambios económicos y sociales en los suburbios que rodean la ciudad. Hoy Chambersburg tiene una gran comunidad latina. Muchos de los inmigrantes latinos son de México, Guatemala y Nicaragua. También hay una comunidad asiática importante y en crecimiento en el vecindario de Chambersburg compuesta principalmente por refugiados birmanos y butaneses / nepaleses.

El Barrio Norte , que alguna vez fue la meca de la clase media de la ciudad, es ahora uno de los más afectados económicamente, destrozado por los disturbios raciales que siguieron al asesinato de Martin Luther King Jr. en 1968. No obstante, el área aún conserva muchos elementos arquitectónicos e históricos importantes. sitios. North Trenton todavía tiene un gran vecindario polaco-estadounidense que limita con Lawrence Township, muchos de los cuales asisten a la iglesia católica romana de St. Hedwig en Brunswick Avenue. La iglesia de Santa Eduvigis fue construida en 1904 por inmigrantes polacos, muchas de cuyas familias aún asisten a la iglesia. North Trenton también alberga la histórica Iglesia Bautista de Shiloh, una de las casas de culto más grandes de Trenton y la iglesia afroamericana más antigua de la ciudad, fundada en 1888.[60] La iglesia es pastoreada actualmente por el Rev. Darrell L. Armstrong, quien llevó la antorcha olímpica en 2002 para los Juegos Olímpicos de Invierno en Salt Lake City. También ubicado en el extremo sur de North Trenton se encuentra el Monumento a la Batalla de la ciudad, también conocido como "Cinco Puntos". Es una estructura de 150 pies (46 m) que marca el lugar donde George Washington 's Ejército Continental lanzó la batalla de Trenton durante la guerra revolucionaria americana . Se enfrenta al centro de Trenton y es un símbolo del pasado histórico de la ciudad. [61]

South Ward es un vecindario diverso, hogar de muchos residentes latinoamericanos, italoamericanos y afroamericanos. [62]

East Ward es el vecindario más pequeño de Trenton y alberga el Trenton Transit Center y la Trenton Central High School . El barrio de Chambersburg se encuentra dentro del East Ward y una vez fue conocido en la región como un destino por sus numerosos restaurantes y pizzerías italianos . Con la demografía cambiante, muchas de estas empresas han cerrado o se han trasladado a ubicaciones suburbanas.

West Ward es el hogar de los vecindarios más suburbanos de Trenton.

Los barrios de la ciudad incluyen: [63]

  • Centro de Trenton
    • Hannover / Academia
    • Mill Hill
  • East Trenton
    • Coalport / North Clinton
    • Ewing / Carroll
    • Greenwood / Hamilton
    • Villa Park
    • Wilbur
  • Western Trenton (no es lo mismo que West Trenton , que está fuera de los límites de la ciudad en Ewing )
    • Berkeley Square
    • Cadwalader Heights
    • Centro Oeste
    • Fisher / Richey / Perdicaris
    • Glen Afton
    • Hillcrest
    • Hiltonia
    • Parkside
    • Pennington / Prospecto
    • Stuyvesant / Prospecto
    • La isla
    • West End
  • South Trenton
    • Chambersburg
    • Parque de la castaña
    • Isla de los patos
    • Franklin Park
    • Lamberton / frente al mar
  • North Trenton
    • Monumento de batalla (cinco puntos)
    • Norte 25
    • Carretera superior
Mapa de barrios en Trenton, Nueva Jersey.

Clima

Según la clasificación climática de Köppen , Trenton se encuentra en la transición de un clima subtropical húmedo ( Cfa ) a un clima continental húmedo más frío ( Dfa ), favoreciendo al primero, con cuatro estaciones de aproximadamente la misma duración y precipitaciones distribuidas de manera bastante uniforme a lo largo del año. El clima de Cfa es el resultado del calentamiento adiabático de los Apalaches , la baja altitud y la proximidad a la costa sin estar en el borde inmediato de temperaturas moderadas. [64]

Los inviernos son fríos y húmedos: la temperatura promedio diaria en enero es 32.0 ° F (0.0 ° C), [65] y temperaturas de 10 ° F (-12 ° C) o menos ocurren en 3.9 noches al año, mientras que hay 16– 17 días en los que la temperatura no supera el punto de congelación. Pueden ocurrir episodios de frío extremo y viento con valores de sensación térmica por debajo de 0 ° F (−18 ° C). La zona de rusticidad de las plantas en el Tribunal Municipal de Trenton es 7a con una temperatura del aire mínima extrema anual promedio de 1.2 ° F (−17.1 ° C). [66]

Los veranos son calurosos y húmedos, con un promedio diario de julio de 76.0 ° F (24.4 ° C); las temperaturas que alcanzan o superan los 32 ° C (90 ° F) ocurren entre 15 y 16 días. Pueden ocurrir episodios de calor y humedad extremos con valores de índice de calor que alcanzan los 100 ° F (38 ° C). Los extremos en la temperatura del aire han oscilado entre -14 ° F (-26 ° C) el 9 de febrero de 1934, hasta 106 ° F (41 ° C) tan recientemente como el 22 de julio de 2011. [67] Sin embargo, la temperatura del aire alcanzó los 0ºC. ° F (−18 ° C) o 100 ° F (38 ° C) son poco comunes.

La precipitación promedio es de 48,34 pulgadas (123 cm) por año, que se distribuye de manera bastante uniforme a lo largo del año. El mes más seco en promedio es febrero, con 2,81 pulgadas (71 mm) de precipitación en promedio, mientras que el mes más húmedo es julio con 5,32 pulgadas (14 cm) de lluvia en promedio, lo que se corresponde con el pico anual de actividad de tormentas eléctricas . El récord histórico de lluvia en un solo día es de 7,25 pulgadas (18,4 cm) el 16 de septiembre de 1999, durante el paso del huracán Floyd . El récord de lluvia mensual de todos los tiempos es de 14,55 pulgadas (37,0 cm) en agosto de 1955, debido al paso del huracán Connie y el huracán Diane.. El año más húmedo registrado fue 1996, cuando cayeron 172 cm (67,90 pulgadas) de precipitación. Por otro lado, el mes más seco registrado fue octubre de 1963, cuando solo se registraron 0,05 pulgadas (0,1 cm) de lluvia. Las 28,79 pulgadas (73 cm) de precipitación registradas en 1957 fueron las más bajas jamás registradas en la ciudad. [68]

Las nevadas pueden variar aún más de un año a otro. El promedio de nieve estacional (noviembre-abril) total es de 24 a 30 pulgadas (61 a 76 cm), pero ha variado desde tan solo 2 pulgadas (5,1 cm) en el invierno de 1918-19 hasta tan alto como 76,5 pulgadas (194,3 cm) en 1995-1996, que incluyó la mayor nevada de una sola tormenta, la ventisca del 7 al 8 de enero de 1996 , cuando cayeron 24,2 pulgadas (61,5 cm) de nieve. [69] El mes más nevado promedio es febrero, que se corresponde con el pico anual en la actividad del nordeste .


Demografía

Censo de 2010

El censo de Estados Unidos de 2010 contó 84,913 personas, 28,578 hogares y 17,747 familias en la ciudad. La densidad de población era de 11.101,9 por milla cuadrada (4.286,5 / km 2 ). Había 33,035 unidades de vivienda en una densidad media de 4,319.2 por milla cuadrada (1,667.7 / km 2 ). La composición racial fue 26.56% (22.549) Blanca , 52.01% (44.160) Negra o afroamericana , 0.70% (598) Nativa americana , 1.19% (1.013) Asiática , 0.13% (110) Isleña del Pacífico , 15.31% (13.003) de otras razas , y el 4,10% (3.480) de dos o más razas. hispano o latinoDe cualquier raza eran 33,71% (28,621) de la población. [10]

De los 28.578 hogares, el 32,0% tenía hijos menores de 18 años; El 25,1% eran parejas casadas que vivían juntas; El 28,1% tenía una mujer cabeza de familia sin marido presente y el 37,9% no eran familias. De todas las familias, el 30,8% se componían de individuos y el 9,1% había alguien que viven solas que fue de 65 años de edad o más. El tamaño promedio del hogar era 2,79 y el tamaño promedio de la familia era 3,40. [10]

El 25,1% de la población eran menores de 18 años, el 11,0% de 18 a 24, el 32,5% de 25 a 44, el 22,6% de 45 a 64 y el 8,8% eran de 65 años de edad o más. La mediana de edad fue de 32,6 años. Por cada 100 mujeres, la población tenía 106,5 hombres. Por cada 100 mujeres mayores de 18 años había 107,2 hombres. [10]

Encuesta 2006-2010

La Encuesta sobre la Comunidad Estadounidense 2006-2010 de la Oficina del Censo mostró que (en dólares ajustados por inflación de 2010 ) el ingreso familiar promedio fue $ 36,601 (con un margen de error de +/- $ 1,485) y el ingreso familiar promedio fue $ 41,491 (+/- $ 2,778). Los hombres tenían un ingreso medio de $ 29,884 (+/- $ 1,715) versus $ 31,319 (+/- $ 2,398) para las mujeres. El ingreso per cápita de la ciudad fue de $ 17.400 (+/- $ 571). Aproximadamente el 22,4% de las familias y el 24,5% de la población estaban por debajo del umbral de pobreza, incluyendo el 36,3% de los menores de 18 años y el 17,5% de los 65 años o más. [86]

Censo 2000

As of the 2000 United States Census[19] there were 85,403, people, 29,437 households, and 18,692 families residing in the city. The population density was 11,153.6 inhabitants per square mile (4,306.4/km2). There were 33,843 housing units at an average density of 4,419.9/sq mi (1,706.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 52.06% Black, 32.55% White, 0.35% Native American, 0.84% Asian, 0.23% Pacific Islander, 10.76% from other races, and 3.20% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 21.53% of the population.[83] [84] Había 29.437 hogares, 32,4% de los cuales tenían niños menores de 18 años que vivían con ellos. El 29,0% eran parejas casadas que vivían juntas, el 27,1% tenía una mujer cabeza de familia sin marido presente y el 36,5% no eran familias. El 29,7% de todas las familias se componían de personas y el 12,0% había alguien que viven solas que fue de 65 años de edad o más. El tamaño promedio del hogar era 2,75 y el tamaño promedio de la familia era 3,38. [83] [84]

En la ciudad, la distribución por edades de la población muestra 27.7% menores de 18 años, 10.1% de 18 a 24, 31.9% de 25 a 44, 18.9% de 45 a 64 y 11.4% de 65 años o más. . La mediana de edad fue de 32 años. Por cada 100 mujeres, hay 97,6 hombres. Por cada 100 mujeres mayores de 18 años, había 96,0 hombres. [83] [84]

La renta mediana para un hogar en la ciudad era $ 31.074 y la renta mediana para una familia era $ 36. Los hombres tenían unos ingresos medios de 29.721 dólares frente a los 26.943 dólares de las mujeres. El ingreso per cápita de la ciudad fue de $ 14.621. Aproximadamente el 17,6% de las familias y el 21,1% de la población estaban por debajo del umbral de pobreza, incluyendo el 26,8% de los menores de 18 años y el 19,5% de los 65 años o más. [83] [84]

Las 10 principales etnias notificadas durante el censo de 2000 por porcentaje fueron: [83] [84]

  1. Afroamericano (50,1)
  2. Puertorriqueña (14,5)
  3. Italiano (4,6)
  4. Irlandés (3,5)
  5. Polaco (3,0)
  6. Guatemalteco (2,8)
  7. Inglés (1.9)
  8. Jamaicano (1,5)
  9. Húngaro (1.0)
  10. Mexicana (1.0)

Economía

El puente de Lower Trenton se conoce comúnmente entre los lugareños como el "Trenton Makes Bridge".

Trenton fue un importante centro de fabricación a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Una reliquia de esa época es el lema "Trenton Makes, The World Takes", que se muestra en el Lower Free Bridge (justo al norte del Trenton-Morrisville Toll Bridge ). [87] La ciudad adoptó el lema en 1917 para representar el entonces papel principal de Trenton como un importante centro de fabricación de caucho, cables de acero, cerámica y puros. Fue el hogar de la fábrica de accesorios más grande de American Standards. [88]

Junto con muchas otras ciudades de Estados Unidos en la década de 1970, Trenton atravesó tiempos difíciles cuando disminuyeron los empleos industriales y de manufactura. Al mismo tiempo, las agencias gubernamentales estatales comenzaron a alquilar espacio para oficinas en los suburbios circundantes. Los líderes del gobierno estatal (en particular los gobernadores William Cahill y Brendan Byrne ) intentaron revitalizar el centro de la ciudad convirtiéndolo en el centro del gobierno estatal. Entre 1982 y 1992, el estado construyó más de una docena de edificios de oficinas principalmente para albergar oficinas estatales. [89] Hoy en día, el mayor empleador de Trenton sigue siendo el estado de Nueva Jersey. Cada día de la semana, 20.000 trabajadores estatales inundan la ciudad desde los suburbios circundantes. [90]

Notable businesses of the thousands based in Trenton include Italian Peoples Bakery, a wholesale and retail bakery established in 1936.[91] De Lorenzo's Tomato Pies and Papa's Tomato Pies were also fixtures of the city for many years, though both recently relocated to the suburbs.

Urban Enterprise Zone

Portions of Trenton are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone. The city was selected in 1983 as one of the initial group of 10 zones chosen to participate in the program.[92] In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within the Zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3.3125% sales tax rate (half of the 6+Tasa de 58 % cobrada en todo el estado) en comercios elegibles. [93] Establecida en enero de 1986, el estatus de Zona Empresarial Urbana de la ciudad expira en diciembre de 2023. [94]

Se permitió que el programa UEZ en Trenton y otras cuatro ciudades UEZ originales caduquen a partir del 1 de enero de 2017, después de que el gobernador Chris Christie , quien calificó el programa como un "fracaso abyecto", vetó un proyecto de ley de compromiso que habría extendido el estado a dos años. [95] En mayo de 2018, el gobernador Phil Murphy firmó una ley que restableció el programa en estas cinco ciudades y extendió la fecha de vencimiento en otras zonas. [96]

En 2018, la ciudad tenía una factura de impuestos a la propiedad promedio de $ 3,274, la más baja del condado, en comparación con una factura promedio de $ 8,292 en el condado de Mercer y $ 8,767 en todo el estado. [97] [98]

Mercado de la televisión

Trenton ha sido durante mucho tiempo parte del mercado de la televisión de Filadelfia. Sin embargo, después del censo de los Estados Unidos de 2000 , Trenton se trasladó del área estadística metropolitana de Filadelfia al área estadística metropolitana de Nueva York. Con un cambio similar del área de New Haven, Connecticut , al área de Nueva York, fueron los dos primeros casos en los que las áreas estadísticas metropolitanas diferían de sus mercados de televisión Nielsen definidos. [99] Además, Trenton fue el sitio de los estudios de la antigua estación de televisión pública New Jersey Network (también conocida como NJN) .

Monumentos

  • Museo del Estado de Nueva Jersey : combina una colección de arqueología y etnografía, bellas artes, historia cultural e historia natural. [100]
  • La Casa del Estado de Nueva Jersey fue construida originalmente por Jonathan Doane en 1792, con importantes adiciones hechas en 1845, 1865 y 1871. [101]
  • La Biblioteca Estatal de Nueva Jersey sirve como un recurso central para las bibliotecas de todo el estado, además de servir a la legislatura y al gobierno del estado. [102]
  • Museo de la ciudad de Trenton: ubicado en la mansión Ellarslie de estilo italiano de 1848 desde 1978, el museo presenta obras de arte y otros materiales relacionados con la historia de la ciudad. [103]
  • Trenton War Memorial – Completed in 1932 as a memorial to the war dead from Mercer County during World War I and owned and operated by the State of New Jersey, the building is home to a theater with 1,800 seats that reopened in 1999 after an extensive, five-year-long renovation project.[104]
  • Old Barracks – Dating back to 1758 and the French and Indian War, the Barracks were constructed as a place to house British troops in lieu of housing the soldiers in the homes of area residents. The site was used by both the Continental Army and British forces during the Revolutionary War and stands as the last remaining colonial barracks in the state.[105]
  • Monumento a la Batalla de Trenton : ubicado en el corazón del vecindario de Five Points, el monumento fue construido para conmemorar la victoria del Ejército Continental en la Batalla de Trenton del 26 de diciembre de 1776. [61] El monumento fue diseñado por John H. Duncan y cuenta con una estatua de George Washington sobre un pedestal que se alza sobre una columna de granito de 148 pies (45 m) de altura. [106]
  • Ayuntamiento de Trenton : el edificio se construyó según un diseño de 1907 del arquitecto Spencer Roberts y se abrió al público en 1910. Las cámaras del consejo tienen dos pisos de altura y cuentan con un mural de Everett Shinn que destaca la historia industrial de Trenton. [107]
  • Casa de William Trent : construida en 1719 por William Trent , quien al año siguiente estableció lo que se convertiría en la ciudad de Trenton, la casa era propiedad del gobernador Lewis Morris , quien la utilizó como residencia oficial en la década de 1740. El gobernador Philemon Dickerson usó la casa como su residencia oficial en la década de 1830, al igual que Rodman M. Price en la década de 1850. [108]

Deportes

Parque Arm & Hammer
El Museo de la Ciudad de Trenton, ubicado en la Mansión Ellarslie en Cadwalader Park

Debido a la distancia casi igual de Trenton a la ciudad de Nueva York y Filadelfia , y debido a que la mayoría de los hogares en el condado de Mercer reciben transmisiones en la red de ambas ciudades, los lugareños están muy divididos en la lealtad de los fanáticos entre ambas ciudades. Es común encontrar fanáticos de los Phillies, Eagles, 76ers, Union y Flyers de Filadelfia vitoreando (y discutiendo) junto a fanáticos de los Yankees, Mets, Nets, Knicks, Rangers, Islanders, Jets, Red Bulls y Giants de Nueva York o los Devils de Nueva Jersey. . [109]

Entre 1948 y 1979, Trenton Speedway , ubicado en el vecino municipio de Hamilton, fue sede de carreras de autos de clase mundial. Conductores como Jim Clark , AJ Foyt , Mario Andretti , Al Unser , Bobby Unser , Richard Petty y Bobby Allison corrieron en el óvalo de asfalto de una milla (1.6 km) y luego reconfiguraron 1+Pista de carreras de 12 milla. [110] La pista de carreras, que cerró en 1980, era parte del complejo más grande del recinto ferial del estado de Nueva Jersey, que también cerró en 1983. El antiguo sitio de la pista y el recinto ferial es ahora Grounds for Sculpture . [111]

El Trenton Thunder , equipo de ligas menores propiedad de Joe Plumeri , juega en el Arm & Hammer Park de 6.341 asientos, el estadio que Plumeri había nombrado anteriormente en honor a su padre en 1999. [112] [113] [114] El equipo estaba previamente afiliado al los Yankees de Nueva York , los Medias Rojas de Boston , los Tigres de Detroit y los Medias Blancas de Chicago , pero se convirtió en un equipo universitario de béisbol de verano no afiliado de la MLB Draft League a partir de 2021. [115]

La Trenton Freedom of the Professional Indoor Football League se fundó en 2013 y jugó sus partidos en el Sun National Bank Center . El Freedom terminó sus operaciones en 2015, uniéndose a los efímeros Trenton Steel (en 2011) y Trenton Lightning (en 2001) como equipos de fútbol sala que tuvieron breves vidas operativas en la arena. [116]

Parques y recreación

  • Cadwalader Park : el parque de la ciudad más grande de Trenton que cubre 109.5 acres (44.3 ha), fue diseñado por el arquitecto paisajista Frederick Law Olmsted , quien es más famoso por diseñar el Central Park de la ciudad de Nueva York . [117]

Sitios históricos

  • El edificio Adams and Sickles (agregado el 31 de enero de 1980 como # 80002498) es un punto focal para el vecindario de West End, y es recordado por su fuente de soda y su boticario de esquina. [118]
  • Friends Burying Ground , adyacente a Trenton Friends Meeting House, es el lugar de enterramiento de varias figuras políticas nacionales y estatales prominentes en la historia temprana de la ciudad. [119]
  • Trenton Friends Meeting House (agregada el 30 de abril de 2008 como # 08000362), que se remonta a 1739, fue ocupada por los dragones británicos en 1776 y por el ejército continental más tarde en la Guerra Revolucionaria. [120]

Gobierno

Ayuntamiento de Trenton, sede del gobierno local

Gobierno local

The City of Trenton is governed within the Faulkner Act, formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law, under the Mayor-Council system of municipal government, one of 71 municipalities (of the 565) statewide that use this form of government.[121] The governing body is comprised of a mayor and a seven-member city council. Three city council members are elected at-large, and four come from each of four wards. The mayor and council members are elected concurrently on a non-partisan basis to four-year terms of office as part of the May municipal election.[8][122]

A partir de 2020 , el alcalde de Trenton es Reed Gusciora , quien anteriormente había servido en la Asamblea General de Nueva Jersey antes de asumir el cargo de alcalde. [123] Los miembros del consejo de la ciudad son la presidenta del consejo Kathy McBride (At-Large), Jerell A. Blakeley (At-Large), Marge Caldwell-Wilson (North Ward), Joseph A. Harrison (East Ward), George P. Muschal (Distrito Sur), Santiago Rodríguez (At-Large) y Robin M. Vaughn (Distrito Oeste), todos en funciones que terminan el 30 de junio de 2022. [4] [124] [125] [126] [127]

Alcalde interino 2014

Del 7 de febrero al 1 de julio de 2014, el alcalde interino fue George Muschal, quien asumió retroactivamente el cargo en esa fecha debido a la condena por delito grave de Tony F. Mack , quien había asumido el cargo el 1 de julio de 2010. [128] Muschal, quien fue presidente del concejo, fue seleccionado por el concejo municipal para servir como alcalde interino al finalizar el mandato. [129]

Condena y destitución del alcalde

El 7 de febrero de 2014, Mack y su hermano, Raphiel Mack, fueron condenados por un jurado federal por soborno, fraude y extorsión, con base en los detalles de su participación en un plan para tomar dinero a cambio de ayudar a obtener aprobaciones para desarrollar un centro de la ciudad. garaje de estacionamiento como parte de una operación encubierta por parte de la policía. [130] Días después de la condena, la oficina del Fiscal General de Nueva Jersey presentó mociones para que Mack fuera destituido de su cargo, ya que la ley estatal requiere la destitución de los funcionarios electos después de las condenas por corrupción. [131] Inicialmente, Mack luchó contra su destitución de la oficina, pero el 26 de febrero, un juez de la corte superior ordenó su destitución y cualquier acción tomada por Mack entre el 7 y el 26 de febrero podría haber sido revocada por Muschal.[129] Anteriormente, el director de vivienda de Mack renunció después de que se supo que tenía una condena por robo. Su jefe de gabinete fue arrestado tratando de comprar heroína. Su medio hermano, cuya autoridad elevó en la planta de agua de la ciudad, fue arrestado por cargos de robo. Su director legal renunció después de discutir con Mack sobre el cumplimiento de las leyes de registros abiertos y posibles violaciones de las leyes que prohíben los contratos de la ciudad con los grandes donantes de campañas. [132]

Representación federal, estatal y del condado

La Casa del Estado de Nueva Jersey en Trenton

Trenton is located in the 12th Congressional District[133] and is part of New Jersey's 15th state legislative district.[11][134][135] Prior to the 2010 Census, Trenton had been split between the 4th Congressional District and the 12th Congressional District, a change made by the New Jersey Redistricting Commission that took effect in January 2013, based on the results of the November 2012 general elections.[136]

Para el 117º Congreso de los Estados Unidos , el Duodécimo Distrito Congresional de Nueva Jersey está representado por Bonnie Watson Coleman ( D , Ewing Township ). [137] [138] Nueva Jersey está representada en el Senado de los Estados Unidos por los demócratas Cory Booker ( Newark , el mandato finaliza en 2027) [139] y Bob Menendez ( Harrison , el mandato finaliza en 2025). [140] [141]

Para la sesión 2020-2021 ( Senado , Asamblea General ), el 15 ° Distrito Legislativo de la Legislatura de Nueva Jersey está representado en el Senado estatal por Shirley Turner ( D , Lawrence Township, Mercer County ) y en la Asamblea General por Verlina Reynolds-Jackson (D, Trenton ) y Anthony Verrelli (D, Hopewell Township, Mercer County, Nueva Jersey ). [142] [143]

El condado de Mercer está gobernado por un ejecutivo del condado que supervisa las operaciones diarias del condado y por una junta de siete miembros de titulares libres elegidos que actúa en capacidad legislativa y establece la política. Todos los funcionarios son elegidos en general en elecciones partidistas, y el ejecutivo cumple un mandato de cuatro años, mientras que los titulares libres cumplen mandatos de tres años de forma escalonada, con dos o tres escaños para las elecciones cada año. [144] A partir de 2014 , el ejecutivo del condado es Brian M. Hughes ( D , el mandato finaliza el 31 de diciembre de 2015; Princeton ). [145]Los propietarios libres del condado de Mercer son el presidente de los propietarios libres Andrew Koontz (D, 2016; Princeton), [146] el vicepresidente de los propietarios libres Samuel T. Frisby, Sr. (2015; Trenton ), [147] Ann M. Cannon (2015; East Windsor Township ), [148] Anthony P. Carabelli (2016; Trenton), [149] John A. Cimino (2014, Hamilton Township ), [150] Pasquale "Pat" Colavita, Jr. (2015; Lawrence Township ) [151] y Lucylle RS Walter (2014; municipio de Ewing ) [152] [153] [154] Mercer County's constitutional officers are County Clerk Paula Sollami-Covello (D, 2015),[155] Sheriff John A. Kemler (D, 2014)[156] and Surrogate Diane Gerofsky (D, 2016).[157][158]

Politics

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 37,407 registered voters in Trenton, of which 16,819 (45.0%) were registered as Democrats, 1,328 (3.6%) were registered as Republicans and 19,248 (51.5%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 12 voters registered to other parties.[159]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 93.4% of the vote (23,125 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 6.2% (1,528 votes), and other candidates with 0.4% (97 votes), among the 27,831 ballots cast by the city's 40,362 registered voters (3,081 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 69.0%.[161][164] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 89.9% of the vote here (23,577 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 8.2% (2,157 votes) and other candidates with 0.5% (141 votes), among the 26,229 ballots cast by the city's 41,005 registered voters, for a turnout of 64.0%.[162]En las elecciones presidenciales de 2004 , el demócrata John Kerry recibió el 79,8% de los votos aquí (18.539 votos emitidos), superando al republicano George W. Bush con el 16,3% (3.791 votos) y otros candidatos con el 0,4% (146 votos), entre los 23.228 votos. emitidos por los 39.139 votantes registrados de la ciudad, para un porcentaje de participación del 59,3. [163]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Democrat Barbara Buono received 74.7% of the vote (9,179 cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 24.7% (3,035 votes), and other candidates with 0.6% (77 votes), among the 11,884 ballots cast by the city's 38,452 registered voters (407 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 30.9%.[166][169] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 81.6% of the vote here (10,235 ballots cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 12.4% (1,560 votes), Independent Chris Daggettcon 2,4% (305 votos) y otros candidatos con 1,1% (135 votos), entre los 12,537 votos emitidos por los 38,345 votantes registrados de la ciudad, lo que arroja una participación del 32,7%. [167]

Departamento de bomberos

The city of Trenton is protected on a full-time basis by the city of Trenton Fire and Emergency Services Department (TFD), which has been a paid department since 1892 after having been originally established in 1747 as a volunteer fire department.[170] The TFD operates out of seven fire stations and operates a fire apparatus fleet of 7 engine companies, 3 ladder companies and one rescue company, along with one HAZMAT unit, an air cascade unit, a mobile command unit, a foam unit, one fireboat, and numerous special, support and reserve units, under the command of one Battalion Chief each shift.[171][172]

Education

Colleges and universities

Trenton is the home of two post-secondary institutions: Thomas Edison State University, serving adult students around the nation and worldwide[173] and Mercer County Community College's James Kerney Campus.[174]

The College of New Jersey, formerly named Trenton State College, was founded in Trenton in 1855 and is now located in nearby Ewing Township. Rider University was founded in Trenton in 1865 as The Trenton Business College. In 1959, Rider moved to its current location in nearby Lawrence Township.[175]

Public schools

The Trenton Public Schools serve students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.[176] The district is one of 31 former Abbott districts statewide,[177] which are now referred to as "SDA Districts" based on the requirement for the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority.[178][179] The district's board of education, with seven members, sets policy and oversees the fiscal and educational operation of the district through its superintendent administration. As a Type I school district, the board's trustees are appointed by the mayor to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either two or three seats up for re-appointment each year.[180][181] The school district has undergone a 'construction' renaissance throughout the district.

As of the 2018–19 school year, the district, comprised of 20 schools, had an enrollment of 14,500 students and 884.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 16.4:1.[182] Schools in the district (with 2018–19 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[183]) are Columbus Elementary School[184] (371 students; in grades K-5), Franklin Elementary School[185] (405; K-5), Grant Elementary School[186] (571; PreK-5), Gregory Elementary School[187] (567; K-5), Harrison Elementary School[188] (221; PreK-5), P.J. Hill Elementary School[189] (800; PreK-5), Jefferson Elementary School[190] (434; K-5), Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Elementary School[191] (775; K-5), Mott Elementary School[192] (426; K-5), Parker Elementary School[193] (531; K-5), Robbins Elementary School[194] (541; K-5), Washington Elementary School[195] (409; K-5), Wilson Elementary School[196] (498; PreK-5), Grace A. Dunn Middle School[197] (893; 6–8), Hedgepeth-Williams Middle School[198] (674; 6–8), Joyce Kilmer Middle School[199] (370; 6–8), Luis Munoz Rivera Middle School[200] (483; 6–8), Trenton Ninth Grade Academy[201] (707; 9), Daylight/Twilight Alternative High School[202] (443; 9–12) and Trenton Central High School[203] (1,818; 9–12).[204][205][206]

Eighth grade students from all of Mercer County are eligible to apply to attend the high school programs offered by the Mercer County Technical Schools, a county-wide vocational school district that offers full-time career and technical education at its Health Sciences Academy, STEM Academy and Academy of Culinary Arts, with no tuition charged to students for attendance.[207][208]

Marie H. Katzenbach School for the Deaf (previously New Jersey School for the Deaf and New Jersey State Institution for the Deaf and Dumb), the statewide school for the deaf, opened in Trenton in 1883 and was there until 1923, when it moved to West Trenton.[209]

Charter schools

Trenton is home to several charter schools, including Capital Preparatory Charter High School, Emily Fisher Charter School, Foundation Academy Charter School, International Charter School, Paul Robeson Charter School and Village Charter School.[210]

The International Academy of Trenton, owned and monitored by the SABIS school network, became a charter school in 2014. On February 22, 2017, Trenton's mayor, Eric Jackson, visited the school when it opened its doors in the former Trenton Times building on 500 Perry Street, after completion of a $17 million renovation project. After receiving notice from the New Jersey Department of Education that the school's charter would not be renewed due to issues with academic performance and school management, the school closed its doors on June 30, 2018.[211]

Private schools

Trenton Catholic Academy high school serves students in grades 9–12, while Trenton Catholic Academy grammar school serves students in Pre-K through 8th grade; both schools operate under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Trenton.[212]

Trenton is home to Al-Bayaan Academy, which opened for preschool students in September 2001 and added grades in subsequent years.[213]

Trenton Community Music School is a not-for-profit community school of the arts. The school was founded by executive director Marcia Wood in 1997. The school operates at Blessed Sacrament Catholic Church (on Tuesdays) and the Copeland Center for the Performing Arts (on Saturdays).

Crime

In 2005, there were 31 homicides in Trenton, which at that time was the largest number in a single year in the city's history.[214] The city was named the 4th "Most Dangerous" in 2005 out of 129 cities with a population of 75,000 to 99,999 ranked nationwide in the 12th annual Morgan Quitno survey.[215] In the 2006 survey, Trenton was ranked as the 14th most dangerous city overall out of 371 cities included nationwide in the Morgan Quitno survey, and was again named as the fourth most dangerous municipality of 126 cities in the 75,000–99,999 population range.[216] Homicides went down in 2006 to 20, but back up to 25 in 2007.[217] In 2018 the city had 21 murders,[218] the same as in 2017, when the city accounted for 21 of the 25 homicides in all of Mercer County.[219]

In September 2011, the city laid off 108 police officers due to budget cuts; this constituted almost one-third of the Trenton Police Department and required 30 senior officers to be sent out on patrols in lieu of supervisory duties.[220]

In 2013, the city set a new record with 37 homicides.[221] In 2014, there were 23 murders through the end of July and the city's homicide rate was on track to break the record set the previous year until an 81-day period when there were no murders in Trenton; the city ended the year with 34 murders.[222][223] The number of homicides declined to 17 in 2015.[224]

New Jersey State Prison

The New Jersey State Prison (formerly Trenton State Prison) has two maximum security units. It houses some of the state's most dangerous individuals, which included New Jersey's death row population until the state banned capital punishment in 2007.[225]

The following is inscribed over the original entrance to the prison:

Labor, Silence, Penitence.
The Penitentiary House,
Erected By Legislative
Authority.
Richard Howell, Governor.
In The XXII Year Of
American Independence
MDCCXCVII
That Those Who Are Feared
For Their Crimes
May Learn To Fear The Laws
And Be Useful
Hic Labor, Hic Opus.[226]

Transportation

Roads and highways

U.S. Route 1 through downtown Trenton, looking north from the East State Street overpass

As of May 2010, the city had a total of 168.80 miles (271.66 km) of roadways, of which 145.57 miles (234.27 km) were maintained by the municipality, 11.33 miles (18.23 km) by Mercer County, 10.92 miles (17.57 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and 0.99 miles (1.59 km) by the Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission.[227]

City highways include the Trenton Freeway (part of U.S. Route 1)[228] and the John Fitch Parkway, which is part of Route 29.[229] Canal Boulevard, more commonly known as Route 129, connects US 1 and Route 29 in South Trenton.[230] U.S. Route 206,[231] Route 31[232] and Route 33[233] also pass through the city via regular city streets (Broad Street/Brunswick Avenue/Princeton Avenue, Pennington Avenue, and Greenwood Avenue, respectively).

Route 29 connects the city to Interstate 295 and Interstate 195, the latter providing a connection to the New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95) at Exit 7A in Robbinsville Township.

Public transportation

The Trenton Transit Center, which serves Amtrak, NJ Transit, and SEPTA

Public transportation within the city and to/from its nearby suburbs is provided in the form of local bus routes run by NJ Transit. SEPTA also provides bus service to adjacent Bucks County, Pennsylvania.

The Trenton Transit Center, located on the heavily traveled Northeast Corridor, serves as the northbound terminus for SEPTA's Trenton Line (local train service to Philadelphia) and southbound terminus for NJ Transit Rail's Northeast Corridor Line (local train service to New York Penn Station). The train station also serves as the northbound terminus for the River Line, a diesel light rail line that runs to Camden.[234] Two additional River Line stops, Cass Street and Hamilton Avenue, are located within the city.[235]

Long-distance transportation is provided by Amtrak train service along the Northeast Corridor.[236]

The closest commercial airport is Trenton–Mercer Airport in Ewing Township, about 8 miles (13 km) from the center of Trenton, which has been served by Frontier Airlines offering service to and from 13 points nationwide.[237]

Other nearby major airports are Newark Liberty International Airport and Philadelphia International Airport, located 55.2 miles (88.8 km) and 43.4 miles (69.8 km) away, respectively, and reachable by direct New Jersey Transit or Amtrak rail link (to Newark) and by SEPTA Regional Rail (to Philadelphia).

NJ Transit Bus Operations provides bus service between Trenton and Philadelphia on the 409 route, with service to surrounding communities on the 600, 601, 602, 603, 604, 606, 607, 608, 609 and 611 routes.[238][239]

The Greater Mercer Transportation Management Association offers service on the Route 130 Connection between the Trenton Transit Center and the South Brunswick warehouse district with stops along the route including Hamilton train station, Hamilton Marketplace, Hightstown and East Windsor Town Center Plaza.[240]

Media

Trenton is served by two daily newspapers: The Times and The Trentonian, as well as a monthly advertising magazine: "The City" Trenton N.E.W.S.. Radio station WKXW is also licensed to Trenton. Defunct periodicals include the Trenton True American. A local television station, WPHY-CD TV-25, serves the Trenton area.[241]

Trenton is officially part of the Philadelphia television market but some local pay TV operators also carry stations serving the New York market. While it is its own radio market, many Philadelphia and New York stations are easily receivable.

Notable people

References

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  49. ^ Lower Trenton Toll-Supported Bridge, Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission. Accessed December 1, 2019. "The Lower Trenton Toll-Supported Bridge, also known as the 'Trenton Makes The World Takes Bridge,' connects Warren Street in Trenton, N.J. with East Bridge Street in Morrisville, Pa. -- one of three bridges connecting the two communities.... The current 1,022-foot bridge is a five-span Warren Truss built in 1928."
  50. ^ Puente de peaje de la calle Calhoun , Comisión conjunta de puentes de peaje del río Delaware . Consultado el 1 de diciembre de 2019. "El puente con peaje de Calhoun Street es la estructura de puente más antigua que pertenece y es operada por la Comisión Conjunta de Puentes de Peaje del Río Delaware. Cumplió 125 años el 20 de octubre de 2009 ... De los 20 puentes en el sistema DRJTBC, el puente de peaje de Calhoun Street es el único hecho de hierro forjado. Un truss Phoenix Pratt con una longitud total de 1,274 pies, también tiene la distinción como el puente de truss pasante más largo de la Comisión y los únicos siete -Puente de armadura de tramo. "
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  95. ^ Racioppi, Dustin. "Christie vetoes urban enterprise zone extension", The Record (North Jersey), February 10, 2017. Accessed November 19, 2019. "Gov. Chris Christie on Friday conditionally vetoed the Legislature's attempt to extend the Urban Enterprise Zone status for its five charter communities, calling the economic revitalization program an 'abject failure' with a 'devastating impact' on state revenue.... The Legislature returned with what it called a compromise bill, A-4189, to extend the designation for two years instead of 10 for the first five UEZs -- Bridgeton, Camden, Newark, Plainfield and Trenton -- which expired on Jan. 1."
  96. ^ "Notice: Law Reinstates Five Urban Enterprise Zones And Also Extends The Expiration Date Of 12 Other UEZs", New Jersey Department of the Treasury Division of Taxation, May 30, 2018. Accessed November 19, 2019. "On May 30, 2018, Governor Murphy signed Senate Bill 846 (A3549). The law reinstated five expired Urban Enterprise Zones (UEZs). If your business is located in one of these zones, you may file an application to establish qualified business status. (Past certifications are no longer valid in these five zones). The five UEZs are in: *Bridgeton *Camden *Newark *Plainfield *Trenton. The UEZs in the five locations listed above expire on December 31, 2023."
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External links

  • City of Trenton website
  • Trenton Historical Society
  • U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Trenton, New Jersey
  • US Census Data for Trenton, NJ