1986 en vuelo espacial

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1986 en vuelo espacial

El transbordador espacial Challenger se desintegra durante el lanzamiento de STS-51-L , matando a los siete astronautas
Primicias nacionales
Satélite	Suecia
Cohetes
Vuelos Maiden	Ariane 2
Jubilaciones	Transbordador espacial Ariane 1 Challenger
Vuelos con tripulación
Orbital	2
Total de viajeros	9
v t mi

El año 1986 vio la destrucción del transbordador espacial Challenger poco después del despegue, matando a los siete a bordo, ^[1] las primeras muertes en vuelo de astronautas estadounidenses. Este accidente siguió al exitoso vuelo de Columbia apenas unas semanas antes, ^[2] y supuso un gran revés para el programa espacial tripulado de Estados Unidos, suspendiendo el programa Shuttle durante 32 meses. ^[3]

El año también vio numerosos sobrevuelos del cometa Halley, así como otros éxitos.

Lanza

Esta lista está incompleta ; puede ayudar agregando elementos faltantes con fuentes confiables .

← enero feb mar abr Mayo jun jul ago sep oct nov Dic →

Fecha y hora ( UTC )	Cohete		Número de vuelo	Sitio de lanzamiento		LSP
		Carga útil (⚀ = CubeSat )	Operador	Orbita	Función	Decaimiento (UTC)	Salir
		Observaciones
Enero
12 de enero 11:55	Transbordador espacial Columbia			Kennedy LC-39A		Alianza Espacial Unida
		STS-61-C	NASA	Tierra baja	Despliegue de satélites	18 de enero 13:58	Exitoso
		Satcom K1	RCA Americom	Geosincrónico	Comunicaciones	En orbita	Exitoso
		MSL-2	NASA	Tierra baja ( Colombia )	Experimentos de microgravedad	18 de enero 13:58	Exitoso
		Puente especial de escapada	NASA	Tierra baja ( Colombia )	Escapada especial portadora	18 de enero 13:58	Exitoso
		Vuelo orbital tripulado con siete astronautas; Vuelo inaugural del puente especial Getaway
28 de enero 16:38	Transbordador espacial Challenger			Kennedy LC-39B		Alianza Espacial Unida
		STS-51-L	NASA	Destinado: Tierra baja	Despliegue de satélites	+ 73 segundos	Lanzamiento fallido
		TDRS-B	NASA	Destinado: geosincrónico	Comunicaciones
		SPARTAN 203	NASA	Destinado: Tierra baja	Examinar el cometa Halley
		Space Shuttle Challenger disaster; Vehicle disintegrated at + 73 seconds from an O-ring failure in the right SRB. All seven astronauts were killed, including Christa McAuliffe, the intended first Teacher in Space. First Shuttle launch from LC-39B.
February
9 February 10:06	Atlas H			Vandenberg SLC-3E
		USA-15 (NOSS-8)	US Navy	Low Earth	SIGINT	In orbit	Successful
		USA-16 (NOSS)	US Navy	Low Earth	SIGINT	In orbit	Successful
		USA-17 (NOSS)	US Navy	Low Earth	SIGINT	In orbit	Successful
		USA-18 (NOSS)	US Navy	Low Earth	SIGINT	In orbit	Successful
19 February 21:28	Proton-K			Baikonur Site 200/39
		DOS-7 (Mir Core)		Low Earth (Mir)	Space station	23 March 2001 05:07	Successful
		Core module of the Mir space station
22 February 01:44	Ariane 1			Kourou ELA		Arianespace
		SPOT 1	CNES	Sun-synchronous	Earth observation	In orbit	Successful
		Viking	SSC	Sun-synchronous	Plasma research	In orbit	Successful
		Final flight of Ariane 1 SPOT 1 retired on 31 December 1990 and orbit was lowered to a disposal orbit in 2003 Viking is the first Swedish satellite, and operations concluded on 12 May 1987
March
13 March 12:33	Soyuz-U2			Baikonur Site 1/5
		Soyuz T-15		Low Earth (Salyut 7 and Mir)	Salyut 7 EO-5 Mir EO-1	16 July 12:34	Successful
		Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts; Final crewed spaceflight to Salyut 7 and the first to Mir. Final flight of the Soyuz-T spacecraft. Only spacecraft to dock with two space stations during one flight.
19 March 10:08	Soyuz-U2			Baikonur Site 1/5
		Progress 25		Low Earth (Mir)	Logistics	21 April 00:48	Successful
28 March 23:30	Ariane 3			Kourou ELA		Arianespace
		GStar 2	GTE Spacenet	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Successful
		Brasilsat-A2	Embratel	Current: Graveyard Operational: Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Successful
		Brasilsat-A2 was retired on 6 March 2004 and moved 200 kilometres (120 mi) higher to a graveyard orbit
April
18 April 17:45	Titan 34D			Vandenberg SLC-4E
		KH-9-20	NRO	Intended: Sun-synchronous	Reconnaissance	+ 8.5 seconds	Launch Failure
		SSF-D-6	NRO	Intended: Sun-synchronous	ELINT
		SRM burnthrough, exploded 8.5 seconds after launch Final flight of the KH-9 spacecraft
23 April 19:40	Soyuz-U2			Baikonur Site 1/5
		Progress 26		Low Earth (Mir)	Logistics	23 June 18:41	Successful
May
3 May 22:18	Delta 3914			Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 17A		McDonnell Douglas
		GOES-G	NOAA, NASA	Geostationary	Weather satellite	3 May	Launch Failure
		Rocket destroyed 71 sec. after liftoff due to engine shutdown; First launch from CCAFS after Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
21 May 08:21	Soyuz-U2			Baikonur Site 1/5
		Soyuz TM-1		Low Earth (Mir)	Test flight	30 May 04:26	Successful
		Maiden flight of Soyuz-TM spacecraft; Uncrewed test flight
31 May 00:53	Ariane 2			Kourou ELA		Arianespace
		Intelsat 514	Intelsat	Intended: Geosynchronous	Communications	31 May	Launch Failure
		Maiden flight of Ariane 2; Third stage failed to ignite
August
28 August 08:02	Molniya-M/2BL			Plesetsk Site 16/2
		Kosmos 1774 (Oko)		Molniya	Missile defence	2 November 2010 15:14	Successful
September
17 September 15:52	Atlas E/Star-37S-ISS			Vandenberg SLC-3W
		NOAA-10 (NOAA-G)	NOAA	Sun-synchronous	Meteorology	In orbit	Successful
November
14 November 00:23	Scout G-1			Vandenberg SLC-5		US Air Force
		Polar BEAR P87-1	US Air Force/STP	Low Earth (Polar)		In orbit	Successful
December
5 December 02:30	Atlas G			Cape Canaveral LC-36B
		USA-20 (FLTSATCOM 7)	US Navy	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Successful

← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →

Deep space rendezvous

Date (GMT)	Spacecraft	Event	Remarks
24 January	Voyager 2	Flyby of Uranus	Closest approach: 71,000 kilometres (44,000 mi)
6 March	Vega 1	Flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 8,890 kilometres (5,520 mi)
8 March	Suisei	Flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 151,000 kilometres (94,000 mi)
9 March	Vega 2	Flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 8,030 kilometres (4,990 mi)
11 March	Sakigake	Distant flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 6,990,000 kilometres (4,340,000 mi)
14 March	Giotto	Flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 595 kilometres (370 mi)

EVAs

Start date/time	Duration	End time	Spacecraft	Crew	Remarks
28 May 05:43	3 hours 50 minutes	09:33	Salyut 7 EO-5	Leonid Kizim Vladimir Solovyov	Retrieved test panels from the outside of Salyut 7 and assembled a test "girder-constructor" apparatus in preparation for work on Mir.
31 May 04:57	5 hours	09:57	Salyut 7 EO-5	Leonid Kizim Vladimir Solovyov	Conducted additional tests on the experimental construction equipment, including the welding of several girders joints.

References

1. "NASA - STS-51L Mission Profile". NASA.gov. NASA. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
2. "Mission Archives: STS-61-C". NASA.gov. NASA. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
3. "Mission Archives: STS-26". NASA.gov. NASA. Retrieved 19 February 2017.

Generic references:

• view
• talk
• edit

 Spaceflight portal

• Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
• Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
• Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
• Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
• Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
• McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
• Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
• Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
• Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
• Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
• "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
• "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
• "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
• "Space Information Center". JAXA.
• "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).

Preceded by 1985

Timeline of spaceflight 1986

Succeeded by 1987