3DB era una estación de radio con sede en Melbourne que abrió en 1927, cambió su nombre a 3TT en 1988 y ahora opera en la banda FM como KIIS 101.1 .
Licencia de KIIS 101.1 | |
---|---|
Ciudad | Melbourne , Victoria |
Área de transmisión | Melbourne RA1 |
Frecuencia | |
Programación | |
Idioma (s) | inglés |
Propiedad | |
Dueño | Druleigh Business and Technical College Pty Ltd; 1927–1929 / Herald and Weekly Times Ltd; 1929–1987 / J. Albert & Son ; 1987–1988 |
Estaciones hermanas | Red de radiodifusión principal |
Historia | |
Fundado | 1925 |
Primera fecha de emisión | 27 de febrero de 1927 |
Última fecha de emisión | 2 de abril de 1988 (como 3DB) |
Antiguas frecuencias |
|
Significado del distintivo de llamada | DB = D ruleigh B usiness y Technical College Pty Ltd |
3DB fue una de las estaciones de radio más populares de Melbourne, encabezando las calificaciones durante muchas décadas. [1]
Frecuencia de transmisión
Tras su inauguración en 1927, 3DB emitió en la banda AM a una longitud de onda de 254 metros, correspondiente a una frecuencia de 1180 kHz . Cuando se emitieron siete nuevas licencias de transmisión en Australia en 1935, incluida la 3XY en Melbourne, a la mayoría de las estaciones de Melbourne se les asignaron nuevas frecuencias de transmisión; [2] A 3DB se le asignaron 1030 kHz. Hasta 1978 había una brecha de 10 kHz entre las estaciones de radio. Sin embargo, el Plan de frecuencias de Ginebra de 1975 cambió esto a una brecha de 9 kHz, permitiendo así más estaciones en la banda AM. Por lo tanto, el 23 de noviembre de 1978, la mayoría de las estaciones australianas cambiaron sus frecuencias y 3DB pasó a 1026 kHz. [3]
Historia - época anterior a la guerra - 1927-1939
Esta sección no solo analiza la historia de 3DB antes de la guerra, sino que también muestra cómo las iniciativas que comenzaron durante esta era y se extendieron a épocas posteriores.
En horario de aire
3DB recibió su licencia de transmisión en 1925, pero no salió al aire de inmediato debido a los debates en el Parlamento Federal sobre si Australia debería o no proceder con el sistema entonces único de estaciones de Clase A (más tarde ABC ) y Clase B (más tarde comerciales). . [4] La estación finalmente hizo su debut en el aire el 27 de febrero de 1927 de una manera bastante discreta.
En la década de 1920, en la mayoría de las estaciones, incluida 3DB, no era inusual que hubiera pausas entre programas durante los cuales la estación cerró temporalmente. A veces, estos descansos tenían una duración de 30 minutos; a veces más. [5] Sin embargo, en unos pocos años, tales interrupciones fueron eliminadas y 3DB (y la mayoría de las otras estaciones comerciales de Melbourne) transmitieron en horarios establecidos durante cada día. En 1934, 3DB estaba al aire en los siguientes momentos:
- De 7:00 a. M. A 11:30 p. M., De lunes a viernes;
- 7:00 a. M. Del sábado a 1:00 a. M. Del domingo;
- 10:00 am a 12:30 pm los domingos;
- 2:30 pm a 10:00 pm los domingos. [6]
Entre las 12.30 y las 2.30 pm los domingos, el Departamento de Correos requirió el cierre de todas las estaciones comerciales principales de Melbourne . A las estaciones de radioaficionados que normalmente emiten en la banda de onda corta se les permitió utilizar la banda de onda media (AM) durante estas horas. 3AK, que generalmente solo transmite después del cierre de otras estaciones de Melbourne, también transmite entre estas dos horas. Las estaciones ABC 3AR y 3LO no tomaron el descanso entre las 12.30 y las 2.30 los domingos por la tarde. Este arreglo parece haber sido exclusivo de Melbourne. [5]
En la era de la posguerra , el horario de 3DB se había ampliado a:
- 6:00 am a 11:30 pm de lunes a viernes;
- 6:00 a. M. Del sábado a 1:00 a. M. Del domingo;
- 8:00 am a 10:30 pm los domingos. [5]
En la década de 1930, el Departamento del Director General de Correos emitió licencias de 24 horas para una estación en cada mercado de la capital, excepto Melbourne. En Melbourne, desde 1931, 3AK había estado transmitiendo casi exclusivamente en las primeras horas de la mañana cuando otras estaciones estaban fuera del aire. Sin embargo, el 1 de febrero de 1954, 3AK comenzó a transmitir exclusivamente durante las horas de luz del día, y simultáneamente se otorgaron licencias de 24 horas a 3DB, 3UZ y 3XY , pero tanto 3DB como 3UZ habían dejado de transmitir toda la noche en seis meses. Las horas de 3DB en el aire se convirtieron en:
- 5.30 am de lunes a sábado hasta la 1.00 am del día siguiente;
- De 7.00 a. M. Del domingo a 1.00 a. M. Del lunes.
Sin embargo, 3DB estaba transmitiendo de nuevo las 24 horas del día a mediados de la década de 1960. [5]
DB = Druleigh Business
La estación fue originalmente propiedad de Druleigh Business and Technical College Pty Ltd, y la licencia original estaba a nombre de Edgar Sayer, director de la universidad, [7] de ahí el indicativo "DB". Los estudios originales estaban ubicados en el décimo piso de Capitol House, sobre el Capitol Theatre , Swanston Street, Melbourne.
Cuando 3DB finalmente hizo su debut en el aire el 27 de febrero de 1927, el primer programa fue la sesión para niños dirigida por Winnie Wattle , a las 6.30 pm. La inauguración oficial fue a las 8:00 pm cuando el locutor Frank Pearson presentó a Edward Haynes, Director Gerente de Druleigh y 3DB, quien dijo: "Esta es la nueva estación de clase 'B' de Melbourne, que es la primera en Australia en llevar a cabo la idea estadounidense de obtener ingresos de los anuncios ". (Aun así, la estación tuvo una pequeña pérdida en sus primeros seis meses). A pesar de la afirmación, en 1927, de que 3DB sería la primera estación en obtener ingresos de los anuncios, 2UE había estado transmitiendo anuncios desde 1925. [4]
Otros que aparecieron en la noche del estreno fueron Will Davey, tenor; Sra. Henry Johnson, contralto; Billy Meeske, hablando sobre 'Luchadores que he conocido'; El sexteto napolitano de Len Gibson; Edna Johnson, recitando de Shakespeare; Elsie Watkins, soprano; y acompañante, Jess Prideaux. [7] [4]
Propiedad del heraldo
Desde el 14 de junio de 1929 [8] hasta finales de 1987, 3DB fue propiedad de The Herald y Weekly Times Ltd (HWT), propietarios de The Herald y The Sun News-Pictorial .
También en 1929, los estudios y oficinas se trasladaron de Capitol House, y 3DB tomó la ocupación exclusiva de 74 Flinders Street, al este del edificio HWT en la esquina de Flinders y Exhibition Streets. Uno de los estudios era un auditorio con capacidad para audiencias en vivo, y esto se convirtió en un lugar popular para los habitantes de Melbourne y en el foco de los muchos programas de variedades en vivo que la estación transmitió durante los años 1930 a 1960. En 1966, se amplió el muelle de camiones HWT y, en el proceso, se derribó 74 Flinders Street, y la estación se trasladó a 61 Flinders Lane, inmediatamente detrás del edificio HWT. [9]
Una de las personas más importantes en la historia de 3DB fue David Thomas Worrall , [10] que fue nombrado gerente de la estación por el Herald y semanal Tiempos ' sir Keith Murdoch en 1929, y que debía permanecer como director hasta 1958. Fue responsable por introducir muchos programas de gran presupuesto que, entre otras cosas, convirtieron a 3DB en la principal estación de todas las encuestas de radio de Melbourne durante muchas décadas. [1] Worrall también formó la Major Broadcasting Network , con estaciones asociadas en toda Australia. Desde su formación en 1938 hasta su cierre a fines de la década de 1970, la Major Network generalmente fue reconocida como la segunda en importancia después de su rival, Macquarie Radio Network . En 1930, Worrall ayudó a formar la Federación Australiana de Estaciones de Radiodifusión "B", ahora Commercial Radio Australia , y fue su presidente federal en 1938. [7]
Probablemente, el empleado de 3DB con más años de servicio fue Geoff Palmer, quien comenzó como locutor en 1929. Era miembro de la Sociedad Australiana de Autores y su habilidad para escribir lo llevó a ser ascendido al departamento de continuidad. Palmer era el gerente de publicidad de 3DB cuando se jubiló en 1973. [7]
Desde finales de la década de 1920 hasta la de 1950, 3DB intentó producir programación que atrajera a toda la población, al menos parte del tiempo. Musicalmente, esto varió desde la música clásica hasta la música pop , incluido el hit parade ; gran parte de la música está en vivo. Las noticias y los comentarios de noticias también fueron importantes, al igual que las descripciones en vivo del deporte. 3DB era un locutor principal del drama de radio , incluyendo telenovelas , gran parte de esta se produce por sí mismo 3DB. La estación produjo y transmitió una amplia variedad de programas , incluidos concursos. 3DB (como la mayoría de las otras estaciones) también transmite una amplia variedad de programas para mujeres durante el día y sesiones para niños a primera hora de la noche. La retransmisión de esta amplia oferta de programación finalizó en los años sesenta, principalmente por dos factores. El primero fue la introducción formal de la televisión en Australia en 1956. El segundo fue el reemplazo gradual de la válvula de radio por el transistor . Esto hizo que las radios fueran más portátiles y mucho más baratas, lo que significa que cada miembro de la familia ahora podía tener su propio equipo de radio, en lugar de imitar la imagen cliché de toda la familia sentada alrededor del receptor de radio único de la familia . [11] [12] [13] [14] [15]
Los Archivos Nacionales de Cine y Sonido han publicado una lista en línea de programas de radio de los años treinta a los setenta que se encuentran en sus fondos. Esta lista contiene muchas docenas de programas 3DB. [dieciséis]
El Club Smileaway
Durante la era anterior a la televisión , la mayoría de las estaciones de radio australianas instigaron algún tipo de club de radio [17] en parte como una forma de mantener a los oyentes sintonizados con esa estación en particular. El Smileaway Club de 3DB fue uno de los más exitosos de Australia, con más de 50.000 miembros en su apogeo. [7] El club comenzó en 1929, cuando David Worrall administraba la estación, pero antes de que los estudios se mudaran de Capitol House. El club duró hasta finales de la década de 1950. Durante algunas décadas, una breve sesión, Smileaway Club Notes, se transmitió todos los días de la semana a las 8.40 am, y nuevamente como una introducción a la clasificación más alta, el principal boletín de noticias a las 7.00 pm. [18] Estas sesiones incluyeron música en vivo e invitaciones a eventos como fiestas de teatro, viajes a la bahía, bailes, visitas al zoológico, caminatas, bailes de disfraces. Se ofrecieron a los miembros pases gratuitos o económicos a teatros, patinaje sobre hielo, etc. También se apoyaron varias organizaciones benéficas. [7] El club tenía su propia melodía, ya principios de la década de 1930 se hizo una grabación comercial del tema con los locutores / comediantes de 3DB de alto perfil, Charlie Vaude y Renn Millar [19] - el estilo informal es típico de Smileaway Club. Durante muchos años, la membresía fue de un chelín (10 ¢) por año. El club emitió su propia insignia, que ahora es bastante coleccionable. A lo largo de los años, muchas personalidades de 3DB se asociaron con el club, en particular: Geoff Palmer, Iris Turnbull, Dorothy Silk, Charlie Vaude, Renn Millar, Sir Eric Pearce , Eric Edgley , Clem Dawe, Cedric Zahara, Dick Cranbourne y Peter Surrey. Un Junior Smileway Club organizó fiestas para niños los sábados por la mañana en el auditorio de 3DB, con cantos, juegos y concursos de la comunidad. [7]
Experimentos tempranos en la transmisión de la visión
En 1929, 3DB junto con 3UZ , Melbourne y 2UE Sydney, participaron en transmisiones de televisión experimentales utilizando el sistema Radiovision . 3DB también experimentó con el sistema Baird . Estos experimentos se llevaron a cabo a altas horas de la noche después del cierre oficial de la estación . Solo un puñado de personas habría tenido equipos capaces de captar estas transmisiones, que fueron diseñadas principalmente para aquellos directamente involucrados en estos ensayos en transmisiones de televisión incipientes. [20]
Tema de noticias
En la era anterior a la televisión , casi todas las estaciones de radio australianas tenían sus propios temas de noticias distintivos. Desde principios de la década de 1930 hasta la de 1970, 3DB utilizó " Heart of Oak " como tema de noticias. [21] "Heart of Oak" fue la marcha oficial de la Royal Navy y algunas otras armadas. Hasta hace poco, era la marcha oficial de la Royal Australian Navy . En la década de 1960, 3DB estaba usando una grabación de Columbia de la marcha, interpretada por la Orquesta de los Royal Marines, dirigida por Sir Vivian Dunn. Los principales boletines de noticias a las 7:45 am, 12:30 pm y 7:00 pm usaron el primer minuto del tema, mientras que otros boletines solo usaron una sección más pequeña. La versión utilizada por 3DB se puede descargar. [22]
De "Rickety Kate" a "Rehearsal for TV": la historia de las transmisiones de Test Cricket
En 1930, el jugador de críquet de pruebas Don Bradman era un nombre familiar en toda Australia. Incluso hubo personas que creyeron incorrectamente que el distintivo de llamada 3DB se basaba en las iniciales de Bradman. [7] La popularidad de Bradman despertó un gran interés en la serie Ashes de 1930 en Inglaterra, en la que desempeñó un papel importante. En 1930 no fue posible transmitir descripciones de los juegos a Australia. Sin embargo, 3DB aprovechó el interés y transmitió actualizaciones de cricket desde Inglaterra, acompañadas de programas de variedades nocturnas.
Las actualizaciones de cricket fueron proporcionadas por telegramas o cables internacionales , desde Inglaterra a Australia, enviados a la desalentadora tasa de seis chelines (60 ¢) por palabra. En 1930, el salario medio de los hombres era de 7 libras esterlinas (14 dólares), y el salario medio de las mujeres era menos de la mitad. Esto significaba que un cable de solo 20 palabras costaba el equivalente al salario medio masculino. [23] [7]
La variedad fue proporcionada frente a una audiencia en vivo por miembros del personal de 3DB liderados por Charlie Vaude [24] y Renn Millar, [25] y acompañados por artistas invitados. La transmisión de 1930 fue la primera pareja de Vaude y Millar, una pareja que se convertiría en una de las parejas de comedia más escuchadas de 3DB. Lo más destacado de los programas fue su informalidad, que sin duda se sumó al atractivo.
3DB originalmente planeó permanecer en el aire hasta la medianoche, pero en la primera noche el gerente de 3DB, David Worrall, preguntó: "¿Alguien está escuchando?" La centralita de 3DB se inundó de llamadas, seguidas de miles de cartas y 500 telegramas . Después de eso, las transmisiones continuaron hasta los tocones, que generalmente era alrededor de las 3:30 am.
3DB continuó proporcionando transmisiones similares para todos los juegos de Ashes jugados en Inglaterra en 1930, 1934, 1938, 1948, 1952 y 1956. (No hubo cricket de prueba durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial). A lo largo de los años, los comentaristas incluyeron a Ron Casey , Lindsay Hassett , Bill Johnston , Ernie McCormick , Keith Rigg , Jack Ryder , Eric Welch y Bill Woodfull . [7]
En años posteriores, los programas fueron presentados por locutores versátiles de 3DB, Dick Cranbourne (que también era cantante) y John Stuart.
Además de las pruebas de Australia v Inglaterra, también se proporcionó un estilo similar de programación para una serie de otros partidos de prueba en el extranjero jugados por la tarde / noche, hora de Australia. Un ejemplo de esto fueron las pruebas Sudáfrica v Australia de 1936. [26]
Sentada frente a la audiencia en el auditorio de 3DB había una muñeca conocida como Ricketty Kate . Cada vez que llegaba un cable importante desde el grillo, los ojos de la muñeca se iluminaban y el público soltaba el coro de "No nos preocuparemos. No nos importa. ¿Quién le teme al gran oso pardo?". [7] Se rumorea que el nombre, Ricketty Kate, se basó en el nombre de una conocida prostituta de Melbourne de la época.
Estos programas se transmitieron a varias estaciones interestatales.
El ya gran interés por el cricket se vio exacerbado por la gira inglesa por Australia en 1932-1933 y el posterior escándalo de Bodyline. [27] Además de que 3DB proporcionó nuevamente cobertura de la gira de 1934 por Inglaterra , esto también resultó en que casi todas las estaciones de radio australianas brindaran alguna cobertura. La mayoría de las estaciones comerciales proporcionaron un formato basado en la exitosa cobertura de 1930 de 3DB, con actualizaciones de cricket proporcionadas por cable, intercaladas con programación variada. La mayoría de las estaciones de la capital ofrecían su propio entretenimiento, y muchas de estas estaciones lo transmitían a las estaciones rurales. [28] La ABC , que entonces solo tenía dos años, proporcionó una supuesta cobertura sintética , con locutores en el estudio que proporcionaron un comentario basado en cables de Inglaterra, pero a todos los efectos sonando como si realmente estuvieran en el juego. en Inglaterra. [29]
Las transmisiones de cricket de 3DB en 1952 fueron tan populares que la gerencia de la estación buscó formas de hacer de la sección informal de variedades una característica permanente del horario de la estación. Esto llevó al inicio de The Happy Gang , originalmente subtitulado Ensayo para TV ... [7] (Ver más abajo, en Historia de la posguerra).
El show del juglar
Uno de los programas más populares que se escuchan en 3DB fue The Minstrel Show , que comenzó en 1931 y continuó hasta la década de 1960. [30] Esta fue una versión de radio australiana de un programa de juglares estadounidense . Se transmitió en 3DB todos los jueves por la noche y se transmitió a las afiliadas de Major Broadcasting Network , así como a algunas estaciones independientes. [7] El programa fue patrocinado originalmente por Akron Tire Company [7], quienes también fueron fundadores de 3AK , pero en un corto período de tiempo el patrocinio fue asumido por los optometristas Coles y Garrard, [31] cuyo nombre se incorporó a la título del programa. Cuando C&G dejó de patrocinar el programa en la década de 1960, cesaron las transmisiones de nuevos programas, pero 3DB terminó el programa de larga duración reproduciendo una serie de transcripciones de programas de la década de 1930.
Las personalidades asociadas con el Minstrel Show de C&G incluyen a Cecil Atkinson, Mervyn Bray, Carl Briglia, Agnes Brown, Reg Brown, Herbert Browne, Walter Burleigh, Maurice Callard, Fred Collier, Colin Crane, Dick Cranbourne, Joe Delany, Alice Dolphin, Fred Ford, Paul Gaving, John Hartley, Cyril Hambley, Don Humphries, Ernest Kopke, Geoff McComas, Jock McLachan, Hec McLennan, Renn Millar, Bert Miller, Bert Munyard, Mark Sutherland, Keith Neilson, Mabel Nelson, Sir Eric Pearce , Bill Rhodesbury , Frank Rich, Stan Shields, Charles Skase, William Smith, Guy Stavordale, Peter Surrey, Mark Sutherland, Lou Toppano, Charlie Vaude, George Ventura, Frank Walsh, Monty Walters y Ernest Wilson. [7]
Las carreras de caballos
En 1934, 3DB atrajo a Eric Welch de la ABC . [32] Proporcionó una serie de programas de 3DB y fue particularmente conocido por su cobertura anual de la marcha del Día de Anzac en Melbourne . También fue panelista habitual de la versión australiana de Information Please . Sin embargo, probablemente su contribución más importante en 3DB fue promover la cobertura de todas las carreras victorianas, así como la creación de redes con estaciones alrededor de Australia, de modo que las carreras interestatales también fueran cubiertas por 3DB. Fue el principal interlocutor de 3DB durante 20 años.
Uno de los participantes más importantes de 3DB fue Bill Collins, que se unió a la estación en 1953 y siguió a Eric Welch como el principal asistente de 3DB.
En varias ocasiones, otras estaciones compitieron con 3DB en este campo, en particular 3AW , 3XY , 3UZ y ABC . La última estación en compartir cobertura de carreras con 3DB fue 3UZ. Sin embargo, en 1983, 3UZ renovó su alineación de programas y canceló toda la cobertura de carreras de caballos, dejando a 3DB como la única salida para las carreras en la radio de Melbourne. 3DB adoptó el lema Racing Radio y dedicó gran parte de su programación a las carreras de caballos. En 1987, la industria de las carreras de caballos de Victoria, a través de Totalizator Agency Board (TAB), compró 3UZ y se hizo cargo de los derechos exclusivos de la cobertura de carreras de caballos de 3DB, a partir de febrero de 1988.
Durante muchos años, 3DB utilizó la marcha, Tribuna , de Keith Mansfield como tema de su cobertura de carreras. La versión utilizada por 3DB (al menos en la década de 1960) fue una grabación de Chappell con la Queens 'Hall Light Orchestra dirigida por Robert Farnon . [33]
3DB / 3LK
El 16 de mayo de 1936, 3DB compró 3HS Horsham , para y en nombre del HWT. El 24 de diciembre de 1936, el distintivo de llamada se cambió a 3LK , cuando se cerraron los estudios y el transmisor de Horsham, y el transmisor se trasladó al pequeño pueblo de Lubeck, 30 kilómetros al este. [34] [4] [35] 3LK no tenía un estudio Wimmera local, y la gran mayoría de su programación se transmitía desde 3DB. Sin embargo, hubo alrededor de una o dos horas por día de programación local, que provino del estudio 3LK en el edificio 3DB Melbourne, utilizando personal de anuncios de 3DB. [28] 3LK apoyó numerosos eventos y organizaciones benéficas locales de Wimmera / Mallee .
El lema utilizado para toda la programación 3DB / 3LK durante la mayor parte de esa era fue: 3DB Melbourne, 3LK Central Victoria, las estaciones Herald-Sun , [36] [37] pero hacia el final de la asociación DB / LK, se modificó para lo más lógico: 3DB Melbourne, 3LK Wimmera Mallee, las estaciones Herald-Sun . [38] El HWT vendió 3LK el 1 de febrero de 1972 [39] y sus estudios y transmisor fueron devueltos a Horsham. Hubo otro cambio de nombre en 1977, cuando 3LK Horsham se convirtió en 3WM Wimmera Mallee , transmitiendo desde Horsham.
Historia - Era de la Segunda Guerra Mundial - 1939-1945
The effects of the War on 3DB
It was Sunday evening 3 September 1939 and 3DB was broadcasting a radio drama in the very popular and long-running Lux Radio Theatre series. The performance of Leah Kleschna was suddenly interrupted by the voice of the Prime Minister, The Rt. Hon. Robert Menzies announcing that Australia was now at war with Germany.[40][7]
Censorship was rife during the war, particularly after the U.S. entered the conflict on 7 December 1941. After General Douglas MacArthur set up his headquarters in Australia, he wielded enormous power, including on matters of censorship. Inter alia, he declared that every Australian radio station would only broadcast three news bulletins per day and that these would be simultaneous at 7:45 am, midday and 7:00 pm.[34] During this time, the highest rating news in Melbourne was that of 3DB.[1] Weather forecasts were banned because it was felt that this may assist the enemy.[7]
Notices[41] were issued banning radio stations from broadcasting some major wartime events, but as the federal government didn't have the same power over the printed press as it did over radio, newspapers usually reported events that radio was not permitted to mention.[7][4]
There was some talk of closing down all commercial radio stations, as the enemy could beam-in on the transmitters and use these as bombing targets. As it transpired, this did not happen. However, some stations (not 3DB) were closed down for 24 hours as punishment for perceivably ignoring bans on radio reporting particular news items. Nevertheless, 3DB was off the air for an hour or so during an air raid drill during which all DB staff were ushered into a Flinders Lane warehouse that housed piles of mattresses. Despite this, fears were expressed that 3DB may not be really ready should there be a genuine air raid.[7]
Many sponsors donated their advertising time to patriotic appeals.
3DB was also badly affected by staff enlisting.[7] 3DB personality Keith Smith became a broadcaster at 9AD Labuan, Borneo, attaining the rank of sergeant. Norm Spencer was also at 9AD, joining the staff of 3DB after the war, as a producer. Smith and Spencer were only two of dozens of radio personnel who took up positions at the 20 Australian military radio stations throughout the Pacific.[39]
The supply of overseas programs was virtually cut off during the war, particularly from the U.S., meaning that Australian stations and networks had to produce more local programs. This was particularly the case at 3DB and the Major Broadcasting Network.[7]
15 August 1945 was VP (Victory in the Pacific) Day; a day often described as the day the lights went on all over the world. 3DB listeners heard the joyous news reported by Eric Pearce and Eric Welch.[7]
Bob Dyer at 3DB
Robert Neal Dyer OBE,[42][43] born Robert Dies in Hartsville, Tennessee, U.S.A. in 1909, made visits to Australia on a couple of occasions in the late 1930s and 40s as a member of the Marcus Show which toured the Tivoli circuit and the Princess Theatre,[44][45] with Dyer performing a hillbilly and ukelele act. In 1940, 3DB manager David Worrall employed Dyer to star in a series of 26 shows called The Last of the Hillbillies, broadcast on Saturday nights at 7.15. His later radio career commenced in 1948. He was then stationed in Sydney and broadcast programs for the Major Broadcasting Network from venues throughout Australia. Programs such as Pick a Box from 1948, and Winner Take All were thus heard on Major's Melbourne outlet, 3DB.[46] In these programs, his co-host was his wife, Dolly Dyer.[7]
In 1951, Dyer transferred from the Major Network to the Macquarie Radio Network[47] where he joined his friend and major rival Jack Davey. The so-called feud between the two friends was mainly contrived for promotional purposes.
From 1957, many of his radio programs were simulcast on TV and radio through Sydney station ATN and its then-sister station GTV in Melbourne.
When Dyer's programs were broadcast on 3DB, they usually topped the ratings,[1] even though they were often purposely transmitted at the same times as the Macquarie Network were broadcasting Jack Davey programs.
Good Friday Appeal
In 1942, Keith Murdoch, as managing director of HWT, agreed with the Royal Children's Hospital Good Friday Appeal organisation that The Herald would promote the appeal and that it would be broadcast on radio station 3DB. Things associated with the appeal were virtually the only things broadcast by 3DB on Good Friday, with personalities acknowledging donations on air, interspersed with entertainment and interviews from the hospital.
3DB played a major part in promoting the appeal, with the sums raised annually increasing dramatically from 1942 onwards.[48] Figures published by the appeal management (converted to decimal currency) show that during the first 11 years of the appeal, an average of about $2,124 per annum was raised, but when 3DB joined the appeal in 1942 the amount collected during that one year rose to $16,620, an increase of approximately 800 percent. In 1943, the amount donated had already risen to over $25,000 and to over $37,000 in 1944. The amount of monies collected for the hospital has continued to rise steadily to this day. There have been some very minor, aberrant dips in the amounts raised and, ironically, one of these small decreases occurred in 1957, the year that Channel 7, then also owned by HWT, joined the appeal. The amounts raised in 1953 ($263,493) and 1954 ($312,000) were then world record amounts for radiothons.[7]
3TT and 101.1 TT-FM, successors to 3DB, continued to support the appeal for a few years, but the radio voice of the appeal is now 3AW.
To put the Good Friday Appeal into context, prior to the television era, all Melbourne commercial radio stations (except 3AK which mainly broadcast during the early hours of the morning) conducted appeals for various charities. 3AW conducted a Mothers' Day Appeal for the Royal Women's Hospital;[49] 3KZ's Christmas Day Appeal and its Christmas Eve broadcasts of Carols by Candlelight supported both the Austin Hospital[50] and the blind babies;[51] the 3UZ appeal was for the Red Cross;[52] and 3XY supported the Brotherhood of St Laurence.[53]
Stephanie Deste
Stephanie Deste was an actor, dancer, beautician and radio broadcaster. For many years she was well known as one of Melbourne's eccentrics.
Just after arriving in Australia in the late 1920s, Stephanie Deste broadcast Bible stories on the Australian Broadcasting Company, predecessor of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.[54]
Her many quirks were particularly highlighted when she recommenced broadcasting, on 3UZ just after World War II, presenting beauty hints and live advertisements for her beauty salons during the morning women's programs. In the late 1940s, Stephanie Deste transferred to 3DB where she continued to broadcast until the early 1960s. As well as regular appearances in the morning programs, from 1954 she presented a half-hour program, Sunday Night with Stephanie Deste at 10.30 pm on a Sunday night. The program was sponsored by the Stephanie Deste Pty Ltd beauty salons.
It is believed that this time-slot was the cheapest offered by 3DB at the time. As discussed above, as from 1 February 1954, 3DB began broadcasting 24 hours per day. Prior to this, the station had closed at 10:30 pm on Sundays. 24-hour broadcasting at 3DB only lasted for a few months, and after this 3DB began closing at 1:00 am every morning. Every evening, a two-hour program called "The Dunlop Hours, Eleven 'til One" was broadcast after 11:00 pm. This meant that as from 1 February 1954, there was a half-hour gap in programming after 10:00 pm on Sundays, which is why Stephanie Deste was able to get this time-slot at very cheap rates.
The program mainly consisted of interviews with show business personalities, both locals but, particularly, with artistes visiting from overseas. However, this eccentric program was usually more about Stephanie Deste than about the people she was interviewing. Despite its late time-slot, Sunday Night with Stephanie Deste was popular with show-biz aficionados.[28]
Historia - era de la posguerra - 1945–1975
Football
As from 1950, 3DB provided football commentaries on Saturday and holiday afternoons; then the only times that AFL football was played. These broadcasts continued until 1987 when 3DB, as such, ceased to exist. Nevertheless, the broadcasting of races always took precedence over the football at 3DB. Whenever a race commenced, the station would cross to the racecourse, irrespective of what was happening on the football field. (This was also the case at Melbourne's other two racing stations at that time, i.e. 3AR and 3UZ).[7]
The popularity of football in Melbourne is illustrated by the fact that in 1962, the only station not broadcasting the football was 3AR, then the ABC's classical music station.
In 1944, a 16-year-old Ron Casey joined 3DB as a turntable operator. He was soon promoted to Eric Welch's sporting department. Before moving to television, Ron Casey was to broadcast a wide variety of sports including: football, boxing, wrestling, ice hockey, athletics (especially the Stawell Gift), golf and a number of Olympic Games. In 1950 Casey, along with George Andrew were the first to broadcast football over 3DB. Others involved in DB's football coverage over the years included Sam Loxton, Dennis Cometti, Rex Hunt and, most importantly, Lou Richards who also broadcast at other times, including the Saturday breakfast session.[7]
Drama
Crawford Productions
Hector Crawford was the brother of 3DB manager and administrator Curteis Crawford, and also brother to Dorothy Crawford. He was married to soprano Glenda Raymond. Dorothy Crawford was married to 3DB announcer and producer Roland Strong.[7]
Hector Crawford was manager of Broadcast Exchange of Australia (BEA) prior to the mid-1940s when he formed his own production company in which Dorothy Crawford played a prominent role. Prior to the television era most of the Crawford productions were produced for 3DB and relayed to radio stations across Australia. The program ending featuring the voice of Roland Strong: "produced in the studios of Hector Crawford (pause) by Dorothy Crawford" was often heard on 3DB, with Strong placing the emphasis on the name of his wife, as heard in the attached episodes of D24.[55]
One of its most prestigious programs was Melba, the story of Dame Nellie Melba, with Glenda Raymond singing in the lead role, and Patricia Kennedy in the speaking role of Melba.[56] The program was first broadcast in 1948, two years before Raymond and Crawford were married. Melba was followed by two other music-based dramas, The Blue Danube and The Amazing Oscar Hammerstein.[57] Consider Your Verdict[58] was broadcast on 3DB from 1958 to 1960, and was simulcast over HSV-7. The police drama D24, heard on 3DB, is generally believed to have been the inspiration behind later Crawford TV dramas such as Homicide, Division 4, Matlock Police and Cop Shop. Amongst the many soap operas produced by Dorothy Crawford, and also broadcast by 3DB, were Sincerely Rita Marsden, A Man Called Sheppard, Here Comes O'Malley, John Turner's Family, Women in Love and Prodigal Father.[7]
Other notable radio theatre
Dad and Dave: a well-loved and well-remembered Australian serial
One of the most iconic of Australian radio serials was Dad and Dave (sometimes referred to as Dad and Dave from Snake Gully). Set in the fictional rural town of Snake Gully, it certainly appealed to city-dwellers, many of whom hankered for life in the Australian bush; a lifestyle that may or may not ever have existed. George Edwards, arguably the most important figure in Australian radio drama, played the lead role of Dad; he was also the producer, and played many of the supporting roles. John Saul played Dave, with Nell Stirling, George Edwards' third wife, in the role of Mabel. At different stages, Loris Bingham and Hope Suttor took the role of Mum. Dad and Dave was first heard in Melbourne in 1937 on 3DB but, over the decades, was heard on a number of stations and is still heard from time to time on radio nostalgia programs. The first episode is available on YouTube[59] A collection of 23 episodes are also available through the U.S. nostalgia website Old Time Radio.[60]
From the U.S. to Australia
Another popular drama series heard on 3DB (and other Major Broadcasting Network stations) was the Australian version of the one-hour U.S. program Lux Radio Theatre which was broadcast at 8.00 pm every Sunday night in the 1940s & 50s. High-profile actors were used. It toured various halls around Australia, and was performed in front of live audiences.[61]
Prior to World War II, 3DB and the Major Broadcasting Network imported a number of programs, on transcription discs, particularly from the U.S. After the U.S. entered the War (see above), it became impossible to import such discs. However, in many cases, scripts were imported and Australian versions were made,[4][62][63] often replete with Australian actors with phoney American accents.[64]
An Australian version of When a Girl Marries was heard at 7.15 pm on weeknights after the major 7.00 pm news and news commentary, and ran for 19 years commencing from 1946.[62] Although it was based on the U.S. program, some changes were made. Even the U.S. slogan "dedicated to everyone who has ever been in love" was modified to "dedicated to all those who are in love, or can remember". A download of the first Australian episode is available on YouTube.[64]
Another U.S. program with an Australian version was Aunt Jenny. In Australia, Aunt Jenny was played by Ethel Lang.[62][65]
From the U.K. to Australia
In the 1950s and 60s, 3DB broadcast a number of British dramas. These were mainly the product of the independent British production house, the Towers of London Syndicate, whose programs were produced for world-wide distribution, rather than in Britain. One of the most popular of these series was Secrets of Scotland Yard.[66]
Other local dramas
As well as the Australian productions already mentioned, 3DB also broadcast a number of other Australian radio dramas, including a number by that prominent Australian radio drama producer, Grace Gibson Radio Productions.
Two important comedy serials
As well as drama, 3DB presented a number of radio comedies, two of the most notable being Fred and Maggie Everybody and Daddy and Paddy. Fred and Maggie starred Edward Howell and Therese Desmond.[67] Daddy and Paddy featured Pat McLean and 3DB's stalwart broadcaster John Stuart.[68] For many years, Stuart also conducted the breakfast session as Daybreak Dan and the children's session as Bob Breezy.
BBC comedies
In the early 1960s, amid much publicity, 3DB announced that it had made a deal with the British Broadcasting Corporation to broadcast a wide range of the popular BBC 30-minute comedy programs.[69] Prior to this deal such programs had only been broadcast in Australia through the ABC or its predecessor companies. As part of the BBC/3DB deal, only programs that had already been heard on the ABC, could be replayed commercially.[5]
Music
Live music
3DB staff who were musicians
There were a number of employees who were renowned for their presentation of live music. Chronologically, the first was violinist Agnes Brown. She joined 3DB in 1937 as Manager of the transcription department and remained on the staff until the 1960s.[7]
From the 1940s to the 60s, many 3DB programs were enhanced by 3DB's official piano accompanist Mabel Nelson.[70]
Charles Skase (father of Christopher Skase) was a 3DB announcer in the 1950s and 60s. He won the Melbourne Sun Aria in 1947. He sang in many 3DB programs, including (as already noted) C&G Minstrels and The Happy Gang.
3DB Symphony Orchestra
3DB's commitment to classical music and light classical music was proven in 1949 when the 3DB Symphony Orchestra was formed, under manager Cedric Zahara.[7] Verdon Williams conducted classical programs[4][71][72] and William Flynn had the baton during lighter concerts, for which the orchestra used the shortened name, the 3DB Orchestra.[73][74][7] It is believed that apart from the U.S.'s prestigious and long-standing NBC Symphony Orchestra, 3DB and Australia's Colgate-Palmolive Radio Network were the only commercial radio enterprises in the world to form symphony orchestras. Both Australian orchestras had comparatively short lives.
Feature programs
The 3DB building at 74 Flinders Street (1929–1966) included an auditorium with a public seating area in the studio complex on the 1st floor. When the station was relocated to 61 Flinders Lane in 1966 (see above) a public auditorium was located off the foyer right near the main entrance to the building. However, because of competition to radio by television, live feature programs were becoming rarer and the auditorium at 61 Flinders Lane was certainly not used as much as the former one at 74 Flinders Street.
The following programs renowned for their live music content have already been mentioned (above): The Test Cricket from England, The Minstrel Show, The Last of the Hillbillies and other Bob Dyer features. Amongst the many other live music programs featured on the station over the decades, the following are worthy of a special reference ... ... ...
Community Singing
Community Singing was popular on radio from the 1920s to the 1960s, with 3DB conducting many such programs over the years. These sessions were conducted in front of live audiences who joined in the singing of popular songs, often with the words displayed on large cards or on screens. The venues ranged from large Town Halls, including the Melbourne Town Hall, and the Tivoli Theatre, to the much smaller 3DB auditorium.
Many of the earlier programs were compered by Charlie Vaude and Renn Millar. Later hosts included Dick Cranbourne, John Eden and Geoff McComas, with Mabel Nelson as accompanist.
Community singing was normally broadcast at lunch-time on weekdays.[28]
Music for the People
As well as his endeavours in the drama field, Hector Crawford was also interested in music and particularly orchestra conducting. In 1938 he produced the first Music for the People concert.[4][75] These concerts were presented a number of times during each summer season on Sunday afternoons, firstly in the Fitzroy Gardens and from 1959 in the Sidney Myer Music Bowl. 3DB broadcast all Music for the People concerts from 1940. In latter years, the concerts were televised over HSV-7. The concerts were performed by an orchestra especially formed by Hector Crawford for the purpose, and known as the Australian Symphony Orchestra, and supplemented by a wide range of mainly well-known artistes. Originally, the concerts were composed of light classical music but, over the years, the format became lighter and lighter and even some pop music was later performed. A classic example of the latter occurred on 12 March 1967 when The Seekers performed at Music for the People; their performance being simulcast on 3DB and HSV 7. The Seekers concert was performed in front of the largest crowd ever for a concert event in Australia with an estimated 200,000 people attending.[76][77] The 2007 Guinness Book of World Records lists it as the greatest attendance at a concert in the Southern Hemisphere in history.[78][79] This attendance is also included in The Australian Book of Records.[80]
Mobil Quest
Mobil Quest was an important classical music talent quest produced by 3DB in the post-World War II era and relayed to over 50 stations across Australia. It discovered many musicians who went on to have prestigious careers, including the 1949 Mobil Quest winner Ronal Jackson.[81] Dame Joan Sutherland was second-placed in 1949 and was the winner in 1950.[7]
Australia's Amateur Hour and National Amateur Hour
A popular and more populist talent quest was Australia's Amateur Hour which commenced in 1940 and was produced and compered by Sydney people, but toured Australia performing in various large halls. It was originally broadcast nationally over the Macquarie Radio Network before transferring to the Major Broadcasting Network, of which 3DB was the Melbourne outlet. The first compere was Harry Dearth, who was followed by Dick Fair and then by Terry Dear. In 1956 the program was transferred back to the Macquarie network, (3AW in Melbourne).[82] The Major network retaliated by broadcasting the National Amateur Hour at exactly the same time as its Macquarie rival.[83] Dick Fair returned as compere of the National Amateur Hour. Both of these talent quests ceased in 1958, partly because their rivalry split the available audience, and partly because of competition from television.
The Happy Gang
The Happy Gang evolved from 3DB's pre-War cricket broadcasts (see above, under Pre-War History). Originally subtitled REHEARSAL FOR TV, the program was broadcast in peak listening time, from 8.30 to 10.00 every Monday evening, from 1953 until 1962.[7][28] Until the inevitable lure of TV cut into The Happy Gang's audience, it was one of Australia's most popular programs, being relayed across the country on the Major Broadcasting Network.[1]
The program was initially produced by Norm Spencer. It was originally hosted by the cricket hosts Dick Cranbourne and John Stuart. Cranbourne was later joined as host by Bill Collins and Jack Perry. Other regulars in the show included Eula and Mary Parker,[84] June Hamilton, Shirlene Clancy, Rod McLennan, Lou Toppanno, Tom Davidson, Charles Skase and Stan Stafford,[85] and special guests including artists of the calibre of Winifred Atwell.
The show usually began with a series of calls for listeners with a particular talent to come into the studio. Dick Cranbourne would say something like: "Tonight we're calling for the biggest leek – and a plumber". Dozens of people dropped what they were doing and brought in their vegetables, whilst plumbers also arrived replete with spanners and wrenches. Other examples included: school children and grandfathers; barbers and butchers; violinists; Antarctic explorers; bathroom baritones and shower sopranos; those with monkeys, or Alsatians; "the biggest aspidistra in the world" – the list goes on. One night, there was a call for choir boys, which resulted in a 14-year-old Ernie Sigley making his first visit to the station where he was later to work.[7]
The original subtitle, "Rehearsal for TV" was in many respects shown to be true after the introduction of TV in Melbourne in 1956. Producer Norm Spencer was to be employed at GTV-9 where he made his name as producer of In Melbourne Tonight. Before Graham Kennedy was employed as compere of I.M.T., Spencer had suggested Dick Cranbourne. Bill Collins became the popular host of HSV-7's variety program Sunnyside Up. Jack Perry made his name as Zig of Zig and Zag, also on HSV-7.[7]
Swallow's Parade
Swallows Parade was an Australian radio and television series. The radio version was broadcast by 3DB in the 1950s and 1960s, and was relayed on the Major Broadcasting Network. It was heard on a Thursday evening, with auditions being held on Tuesdays. It was sometimes presented in front of a live audience, and sometimes with just the compere and artists. It was usually broadcast from various towns and cities with Major Network outlets.[86][87] Sometimes programmes would be compiled from various recording sessions. All artists were amateurs.
A Happy Gang extract is available on YouTube.[88][89]
Swallow's Juniors
Swallow's Juniors was broadcast at 6:30 pm on a Saturday evening, from the 1950s and into the early 1960s.[90] It was also telecast from November 1957 to 1970 on HSV-7. There was a period of radio/TV simulcasting before it was exclusively telecast.
It was a talent contest featuring young performers, and was initially hosted by 3DB breakfast announcer John Eden.[91] However Brian Naylor[92] soon took over as compere.
Coca-Cola Bottlers Club
In the late 1950s, Dick Cranbourne, assisted by 3DB's official piano accompanist Mabel Nelson, presented a children's session sponsored by Coca-Cola Bottlers (Melbourne) Pty. Ltd.,[93][94] and recorded at various suburban halls such as church halls, in front of an audience, mainly made-up of children. A full week's programming (4 sessions) was recorded in one sitting. The program mainly consisted of a junior talent quest, quizzes, etc.[28] As well as the 3DB program, Coca-Cola also broadcast a similar program on 2UW Sydney.[95]
Hillbilly Time
The last live music program to be heard on 3DB was Hillbilly Time, again hosted by Dick Cranbourne. It ran from the early 1950s to the early 1980s. In its final years, it changed its name to Country and Western Hour. As both names suggest, the program featured live hillbilly music, also referred to as country and western music. It was amongst the last fully live programs on Melbourne commercial radio.[5]
Recorded music
The 3DB record library
The BBC record library was the world's largest radio record library, at one stage containing 45,000 discs. Thanks to the work of Program Manager Stan Clark, in 1934 3DB had the world's second largest radio library. It has been estimated that, at that time, 3DB could have stayed on the air from daybreak to dawn for six months without repeating a record.[7][96][39]
Experiments in improved sound
Until 1948 when standard long playing discs first became commercially available,[97] most recordings broadcast were 78 rpm monaural discs with one horizontal sound wave on the disc. In the 1930s however, there were some experiments with a vertical sound wave cut straight down into the disc. At the time, the main advantage of this was seen as being the improved sound quality,[97] but these experiments eventually led to the invention of stereophonic sound. In Melbourne, three radio stations signed contracts with producers of vertical discs that gave them exclusive rights to play their recordings, and these were usually broadcast in specially devoted programs. 3DB played Diamondpoint discs especially imported from London, 3KZ played hill and dale records, and 3AW had a contract to use Vitatone recordings.[7]
Music formats 1950s–1970s
Most Australian radio stations increased their commitment to the teenage market and to pop music in the 1950s, by introducing disc jockeys. 3DB's first DJ was Ernie Sigley who actually commenced his career at 3DB in 1953 as a turntable operator (then usually referred to as record boys) – this was actually a few years before he was given an on-air position. Another early 3DB DJ was Rod McLennan.[7]
Television simulcasts
HSV-7 was originally owned by the HWT, as was 3DB. After HSV opened on 4 November 1956, there were a few programs that were simulcast on HSV and 3DB; these included Consider Your Verdict (see above – "Crawford Productions"), Music for the People (see above – "Live Music") and Swallows Juniors (see above – "Swallows Juniors"). Another important program that was simulcast was Meet the Press which was originally compared by journalist Frederick Howard.[98]
At this same time, a number of 3DB quiz and variety programs featuring Bob and Dolly Dyer (see above – Bob Dyer) were, on account of Major Broadcasting Network connections, simulcast on Sydney TV station ATN-7 and through its then Melbourne affiliate GTV-9.
Talkback
3DB was one of the first Melbourne radio stations to initiate talkback programs on 17 April 1967[99] with Barry Jones conducting the first such program.[100] Other early talkback hosts included Doug Aiton, Gerald Lyons and Michael Schildberger.[7]
Historia - Una era de ajustes en 3DB - 1975–1988
1975, major change of direction
In 1975 Fred Flowers, Director of Broadcasting at 3DB, announced "the most radical changes in our history". He introduced a new slogan DB MUSIC. He went on to say that the station would have: "an exciting new sound with a blend of Top 40, flashbacks, and popular album tracks ... we aim to please the 18 to 39 age group. In fact, to attract listeners of any age who have a youthful lifestyle".[7]
Because of a contract with the Totalisator Agency Board, 3DB continued to broadcast horse races. Doug Aiton's morning talkback program also continued to be heard.[7]
In August 1980, the station was yet again rebranded as 100 3DB with a new disco-style jingle, "Rhythm of the City", produced by TM Studios. The jingle was also used (with localised variations) by radio stations throughout Australia that had a similar Top 40 format at the time, including 2UE in Sydney, 6PM in Perth, and 5AD in Adelaide. An extended length version of "Rhythm of the City" was later released as a single, inclusive of local branding edits depending on release location. The 3DB version of the single reached number 91 on the Australian Kent Music Report charts in October that year.[101][102]
3DB – The New Beginning
In mid-1986, Bert Newton was appointed general manager of 3DB, which he relaunched as a talkback station, while retaining its horse racing coverage (see above). Many high-profile personalities had regular programs, including Bert Newton himself who was the breakfast session host during this era. A new slogan was used by the station – 3DB – The New Beginning.[103][104]
3DB, the new ending
After purchasing the Geelong Advertiser and its subsidiary 3GL in 1987, the Herald and Weekly Times owned more than one station in the Melbourne/Geelong region, and thus was required by the Australian Broadcasting Tribunal to divest itself of one station. 3DB was sold and actually had four owners for short periods in the 12 months of 1987, including Kerry Stokes and Frank Lowy.
J Albert and Son, a Sydney-based music company and owners of 2UW, purchased 3DB in late 1987 and changed the call sign to 3TT. The last program to be broadcast under the 3DB call sign, in the very early hours of 2 April 1988, was a repeat of Bert Newton's five-hour documentary on the 60th anniversary of 3DB, first broadcast in February 1987 to coincide with the 60th anniversary.
3TT was launched at 5:00 am on 2 April 1988. The major reason cited for the change of name was the fact that 3DB had recently broadcast under the slogan 3DB – The New Beginning and it was felt that that would have made it difficult to dramatically change the format whilst retaining the 3DB name. However, the new owners had actually considered a few other new call-signs, particularly names which included the same initial being repeated twice, such as 3BB or 3MM.[39]
Lawrence Costin who had been on the 3DB announcing staff for over 30 years was the only 3DB on-air personality to be retained by 3TT, as a newsreader and reporter.[39]
Alusiones personales
The following list is based, in the main, on names mentioned in a history of 3DB published in 1985.[7] Some names appear under more than one sub-heading. Other personalities crossed from one field to another: for example, a news reader may do some general announcing; a general announcer may appear in a drama; a variety artist may do some general announcing, etc.
Management and administration
- Agnes Brown,
- Stan Clark,
- Curteis Crawford,
- Rae Dunn,
- Edward Haynes,
- Fred Flowers,
- Geoff McComas,
- Flora McTavish (secretary to the manager),
- Bert Newton,
- Geoff Palmer,
- Sir Eric Pearce,
- Warwick Prime,
- Brendan Sheedy,
- Charlie Taylor,
- David Worrall.
Producers, writers, etc.
- Clem Dawe,
- Myke Dyer,
- Eric Edgley,
- Geoff McComas,
- Alf Potter,
- Leslie Ross,
- Norm Spencer,
- Morris West,
- Les White,
- Cedric Zahara.
Technicians
- Clem Allan,
- Ewen Cameron,
- Arnold Holst,
- Hector Holst,
- Otto Holst,
- Val Parker.
General announcers
- Bill Acfield,
- John Allan (reputed to be the last duty announcer on 3DB),
- John Anderson,
- Andrew Bensley,
- Monty Blandford,
- Maurie Callard,
- Frank Cave,
- Allan Cooper,
- Pat Corby,
- Geoff Corke,
- Lawrence Costin,
- Dick Cranbourne,
- Colin Crane,
- John Deeks,
- Stephanie Deste
- John Devine,
- Tony Doherty,
- John Eden,
- Keith Eden,
- Doug Entwistle,
- Barry Ferber,
- John-Michael Howson,
- Graham Kennedy,
- Don Kinsey,
- Ken Lyons,
- Bob Machliss,
- Geoff McComas,
- Keith McGowan,
- Rod McLennan,
- Garry Meadows,
- Ric Melbourne,
- Renn Millar,
- Bert Newton,
- John O'Connor,
- Geoff Palmer,
- Sir Eric Pearce,
- Frank Pearson (an original announcer),
- Roland Redshaw,
- Stan Rofe,
- Dennis Scanlan,
- Vernon Sellars,
- Ernie Sigley,
- Charles Skase,
- Keith Smith,
- Peter Surrey,
- Charlie Vaude,
- John Vertigan,
- Danny Webb.
Women's program presenters
- Stephanie Bini,
- Elizabeth (Elizabeth Burbury),
- Martha Gardener – Zoe Worrall (wife of David Worrall) [nee Norris],
- Louise Homfrey,
- Binnie Lum,
- Dorothy Silk,
- Iris Turnbull.
Children's program presenters
- Dick Cranbourne,
- Jean Lawson,
- Sally Anne (Milicent Osmond),
- Isobel Anne Shead,
- John Stuart,
- Tillie the Telephone Girl (Marjorie Troy),
- Winnie Wattle (believed to have been the first person to broadcast over 3DB).
Sports broadcasters – racing
- Brian Blackmore,
- Bill Collins,
- Dick Cranbourne,
- Bert Day,
- Keith McGowan,
- Brian Martin,
- John Vertigan,
- Eric Welch.
Sports broadcasters – cricket
- Ron Casey,
- Lindsay Hassett,
- Bill Johnston,
- Ernie McCormick,
- Keith Rigg,
- Jack Ryder,
- Eric Welch,
- Bill Woodfull.
Sports broadcasters – VFL/AFL Football
- George Andrew,
- Ron Casey,
- Dennis Cometti,
- Rex Hunt,[105]
- Sam Loxton,
- Lou Richards.
Sports broadcasters – other
- Ron Casey – boxing, wrestling, ice hockey, athletics (especially the Stawell Gift), golf and a number of Olympic Games,
- Rex Hunt[105] – fishing,
- Eric Welch – wrestling,
- Merv Williams – boxing & wrestling.
News readers and commentators
- John Boland,
- Maurie Callard,
- Lawrence Costin,
- Keith Dunstan,
- John Eden,
- David Johnston
- Frederick Howard,
- Reg Leonard,
- Geoff McComas,
- Renn Millar,
- Brian Naylor
- Sir Eric Pearce,
- Geoff Raymond,
- Roland Redshaw,
- Mal Walden.
Talkback presenters
- Doug Aiton,
- John Anderson,
- Ron Casey,
- Father Gerard Dowling,
- Pat Jarrett,
- Barry Jones,
- Gerald Lyons,
- Michael Schildberger.
Actors and drama producers
- Dorothy Crawford,
- Hector Crawford,
- Keith Eden,
- George Edwards,
- Louise Homphrey,
- Patricia Kennedy,
- Ray Russell,
- Nell Sterling.
Variety artists and producers
- The 3DB Quartet,
- Max Bostok,
- Geoff Brooke,
- Agnes Brown,
- Shirlene Clancy,
- Bill Collins,
- Dick Cranbourne,
- Colin Crane,
- Dorothy Crawford,
- Hector Crawford,
- Tom Davidson,
- Bob Dyer,
- Dolly Dyer,
- Jim Gerald,
- Les Gordon,
- June Hamilton,
- Dan Hardy,
- Darcy Kelway,
- Rod McLennan,
- Jock McLachan,
- Renn Millar,
- Mabel Nelson – official 3DB accompanist,
- Jack O'Hagan,
- Eula Parker,
- Marie Parker,
- Sir Eric Pearce,
- Jack Perry,
- Glenda Raymond,
- Charles Skase,
- Stan Stafford,
- John Stuart,
- Mark Sutherland,
- Charles Taylor,
- Lou Toppano,
- Charlie Vaude,
- George Wallace Snr,
- Cedric Zahara.
Presenters of speciality programs
- Stephanie Deste – theatrical
- Crosbie Morrison – wildlife
- C. G. Scrimgeour – science
Descargas de audio 3DB (y algunos videos)
- 3DB news theme, Heart of Oak, played by the Orchestra of the Royal Marines, conducted by Sir Vivian Dunn. The main news bulletins at 7.45am, 12.30pm and 7.00pm used the first 25 seconds of the theme, whilst other bulletins only used a smaller section.
- The Smileaway Club theme with Charlie Vaude and Renn Millar[19]
- Interview with 1930s 3DB personality Ken Lyons; interview from 3AW's Nightline with Philip Brady and Simon Owens, 2010s.[106]
- 1939 declaration of war by the Prime Minister of Australia, The Rt Hon. Robert Menzies and broadcast by 3DB.[40]
- I Lost My Heart on Hayman Island, Max Blake and the 3DB Orchestra.[73]
- The Melba Story, links to various episodes of the famous Crawford Production.[56]
- Dad and Dave, 1st episode in 1937,[59] plus a collection of 23 episodes[60]
- Episode 1 of the Australian version of the U.S.'s When a Girl Marries.[64]
- Lux Radio Theatre, two episodes.[61]
- Secrets of Scotland Yard, 57 episodes.[66]
- Address Unknown, 33 episodes.[107]
- D24, 15 episodes,[108]
- Consider Your Verdict, a link to a number of episodes.[58]
- Fred and Maggie Everybody.[67]
- Daddy and Paddy.[68]
- Max Bostok interview re his radio and TV days, including The Happy Gang in the 1950s.[109]
- The Happy Gang.[110][111]
- Top hits of 1962 with Barry Ferber[112] and Ernie Sigley.[113]
- Tony Doherty Show, 1960s.[114]
- Dennis Scanlan talkback, three segments.[115]
- Rhythm of the City jingle, from the late 1970s.[101]
- Another Rhythm of the City promotion, preceded by a 1980 advert. for the United Australia Party with Clive Palmer[102]
- 1981 television commercial for Ernie Sigley on 3DB.[116]
- 1983 racing promotion featuring Michael Schildberger.[117]
- Thanks for the Memory hosted by Bob Machliss, 14 December 1986.[118]
- Ertha Kitt, interviewed by Bert Newton, 1986.[119]
- 3DB Melbourne's Own jingle, 1986/87.[120]
- Overnight music from 3DB, c1986/87[121]
Ver también
- Major Broadcasting Network
- KIIS 101.1
- History of broadcasting in Australia
- Radio Times
Referencias
- ^ a b c d e Jones, Colin, Something in the Air: A History of Radio in Australia, Kangaroo Press, 1995.
- ^ "Wireless Section". The Age (25, 060). Victoria, Australia. 9 August 1935. p. 3. Retrieved 6 April 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ List of Australian AM radio stations, scroll down to 3DB
- ^ a b c d e f g h Griffen-Foley, Bridget, Changing Stations The Story of Australian Commercial Radio, UNSW Press, 2009, Sydney
- ^ a b c d e f numerous issues of Listener-In, Radioprogram, Radio Times (Melbourne); ABC Weekly, in the collection of Albert Isaacs, Melbourne.
- ^ Radioprogram, first edition, 14 July 1934
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap McLaughlin, Bill, From Wireless to Radio: The 3DB Story, The Herald and Weekly Times Limited Melbourne, 1985
- ^ History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia
- ^ "3DB, DB MUSIC, 3DB Rhythm of the City". Facebook.
- ^ Spierings, John. Worrall, David Thomas (1894–1968). Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
- ^ numerous issues of Listener-In, Radioprogram, Radio Times (Melbourne); ABC Weekly
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