Antes de 1298, el área estaba representada como parte de la circunscripción del condado de Middlesex . La ciudad formó parte del condado geográfico, aunque desde los primeros tiempos no se administró como parte de Middlesex.
Se sabe por primera vez que Londres obtuvo el derecho al voto y fue representada en el Parlamento en 1298. Era la ciudad más importante de Inglaterra y fue administrada como un condado en sí misma desde antes de que los distritos estuvieran representados por primera vez en el Parlamento. Recibió cuatro escaños en el Parlamento en lugar de los dos habituales para una circunscripción inglesa. Se suponía que los dos asientos adicionales (cuyos titulares eran conocidos como caballeros, al igual que los representantes de un condado) representaban el estatus de condado de Londres. No se otorgaron esos asientos adicionales a otras ciudades o distritos que recibieron el estado de ser condados en sí mismos en épocas posteriores.
En el siglo XVI, era costumbre que la Corte de Concejales convocara una reunión en el Guildhall . Los concejales se reunieron y seleccionaron a dos candidatos para ocupar el cargo de caballeros de la ciudad en el Parlamento. Uno era normalmente un concejal (probablemente un ex alcalde de la ciudad de Londres ). El otro era normalmente el Registrador de Londres , cuya experiencia jurídica era esencial para la City, que tenía una gran cantidad de legislación que quería redactada y aprobada por el Parlamento. En una ocasión, en el siglo XVI, el Registrador ya era un burgués que representaba a otro distrito en el Parlamento, por lo que se eligieron dos concejales.
Los regidores también prepararon una lista de doce prominentes londinenses, que no eran ellos mismos regidores. Los nominados para caballero fueron luego entregados a los librea , que habían estado esperando mientras los regidores se reunían, para su aprobación y se llevó a cabo una elección para seleccionar a dos ciudadanos de la lista de doce nominados para llenar los otros dos escaños en la Cámara de los Comunes . Así, la elección de Londres tuvo lugar en un solo día.
Si el Registrador dimitió durante un Parlamento o si un ciudadano era elegido concejal, se lo descalificaba y se eligía al nuevo Registrador u otro ciudadano (según lo requiera el caso).
En algún momento después de 1603, la Ciudad adoptó un sistema más normal para nominaciones y elecciones. Los dos alguaciles de Londres fijaron un día para que se presentaran las nominaciones de los candidatos, en una reunión en el Guildhall . Si había más de cuatro candidatos, se realizaba una encuesta en una fecha posterior que generalmente se extendía por varias semanas. Aunque ya no era un requisito legal, existía la costumbre de que dos asientos de la ciudad fueran ocupados por concejales y dos por no concejales.
Durante el Protectorado , se asignaron a la ciudad seis escaños en la Cámara de los Comunes, según los términos del Instrumento de Gobierno adoptado el 15 de diciembre de 1653. Sin embargo, cuando el Parlamento del Tercer Protectorado se reunió en 1659, el distrito electoral había vuelto a sus cuatro escaños tradicionales .
La City de Londres era un área densamente poblada en el período hasta 1707. La composición del electorado de la City no era tan democrática como la de algunos otros distritos electorales, como la vecina Westminster. El derecho de elección lo tenían los miembros de las Livery Companies . Sin embargo, el tamaño y la riqueza de la comunidad significaron que tenía más votantes que la mayoría de los demás distritos electorales. Solo Westminster tenía un electorado municipal más grande. El duque Henning calculó los librea de la ciudad en unos 4.000 en 1661 y unos 6.000 en 1680.
Miembros de la Cámara de los Comunes [ editar ]
Esta lista está incompleta ; puede ayudar agregando elementos faltantes con fuentes confiables .
Se han identificado algunos de los miembros elegidos durante este período. Los números romanos entre paréntesis, que siguen a algunos nombres, son los que se utilizan para distinguir a diferentes políticos del mismo nombre en 'La Cámara de los Comunes' 1509-1558 y 1558-1603. Como existen considerables brechas entre algunos de los parlamentos en este período, la carrera de cada miembro está subdividida por el parlamento en las mesas, incluso si se desempeñó en sucesivos parlamentos.
La fecha elegida es para el distrito electoral de la ciudad. Cuando no se dispone de una fecha exacta de las elecciones generales, se utilizan el año o los años entre las fechas de convocatoria y reunión del parlamento.
Siglos XIV / XV [ editar ]
1298-1385 [1] [2] [3] [ editar ]
Parlamento
Diputados regidores por año
1298
Adam le Blund de Fulham; Walter de Finchingfeld
1299
William de Leyre; William de Betoyne
1300
Geoffrey de Northampton; William de Betoyne
1305
William de Combemartyn; Walter de Finchingfeld
1307
William de Combemartyn; Henry de Durham
1309
Henry de Durham; William Servat
1312
John de Wengrave; Robert de Kelesye; Nicolás de Farndone
1313
William Servat; Stephen de Abyndon; Nicholas de Farndone ; Guillermo de Leyre
1314
John de Gisors; Robert de Kelesye; Guillermo de Leyre
1315
Henry de Durham; Guillermo de Leyre
1316
William de Combemartyn; William Trente; John de la Chambre; Hamo de Chigwell; Robert de Kelesye; Simon de Abyndon; Roger de Palmer; John de Bureford
1318
John de Cherleton; Roger de Palmer
1319
William de Leyre; William de Flete
1320
Anketin de Gisors; Nicolás de Farndone
1321
Hamo de Godchep; Nicolás de Farndone
1322 (mayo)
Robert de Swalclyve; Reginald de Conduit; William de Hakford; Gregory de Norton
1322 (noviembre)
Thomas de Chetyngdone; Walter Crepyn
1324
Anketin de Gisors; Henry de Seccheford
1325
Anketin de Gisors; Henry de Seccheford
1327 (enero)
Anketin de Gisors; Henry de Seccheford; Reginald de Conduit; Thomas de Leyre
1327 (septiembre)
Benedict de Folesham; Robert de Kelesye
1328 (febrero)
Richard de Betoyne; John de Grantham
1328 (abr)
Richard de Betoyne; Robert de Kelesye
1328 (octubre)
Stephen de Abyngdon; Robert de Kelesye
1330 (marzo)
Stephen de Abyngdon; John de Caustone;
1330 (noviembre)
John de Grantham; Reginald de Conduit; Stephen de Abyngdon
1332
Anketin de Gisors (dos veces); Reginald de Conduit; John de Caustone (dos veces); Richard de la Pole
1334
Reginald de Conduit; John de Caustone; Roger de Depeham
1335
Richard de Rothyng; Richard le Lacer ; Roger de Forsham
1336
Henry de Seccheford; Richard de Hakeneie; John de Caustone
1337
Reginald de Conduit (dos veces); John de Caustone; Benedict de Folesham
1338
John de Grantham; Richard de Rothyng; Andrew Aubrey ; Ralph de Uptone (dos veces); Bartolomé Deumars
1339
Simon Francis (dos veces); John de Northall
1340
Richard de Rothyng; Andrew Aubrey ; Richard de Berkynge; Walter de Mordone; Simon Francis; John de Mockyng; William (Curteys) de Bricklesworth (dos veces)
1341
Simon Francis; William (Curteys) de Bricklesworth
1344
John de Northall; John Lovekyn
1346
Thomas Legge; Geoffrey de Wychingham; John Lovekyn
1348
Richard de Berkynge (dos veces); John Lovekyn (dos veces)
1350
Simon Francis; Thomas Dolseley
1351
Thomas Legge; William de Iford (Sargento común)
1352
Simon Francis; Adam Francis; John Little
1353
Thomas Dolseley; Thomas Legge
1354
John de Stodeye; Thomas Dolseley
1355
Adam Francis; John de Stodeye
1357
Adam Francis; John de Stodeye
1358
William de Welde; Thomas Dolseley
1360
Bartholomew de Frestlyng; Stephen Cavendisshe; Walter de Berneye
1361
John Pecche ; Adam Francis; John Pyel
1362
Adam de Bury; Bartholomew de Frestlyng; John Little; John Tornegold
1363
William Holbech; John de St. Albans; John Tornegold
1365
John Lovekyn ; Adam Francis; Richard de Preston
1366
Adam Francis; John Wroth
1368
Bartholomew de Frestlyng; John Wroth; John Aubrey; John Organ
1369
John Pecche ; Adam Francis; John de Stodeye; John Tornegold; John Aubrey; John Philpot; John Hadley ; Nicholas Exton
1371
Bartholomew de Frestlyng; John Tornegold; William Walworth ; John Philpot (dos veces); John Pecche ; John Tornegold; John Fyfhide
1372
John Pecche ; John Wroth; William Venour
1373
John Warde; Adam Stable; Adam Carlisle
1376
William Walworth ; John Pyel ; Adam Carlisle
1377
John Organ; John Hadley ; William Walworth ; John Philpot; Adam Carlisle; Walter Sibyle; William Tonge; William Venour
1378
John Northampton ; John Hadley ; William Venour; Geoffrey Newton
1379
William More; Adam Carlisle; John Hadley; Walter Sibyle
1380
Robert Launde;Thomas Cornwaleys; John Philpot; John Organ; John Boseham; Thomas Welford; William Tonge; John Rote
1381
Hugh Fastolf; William Baret; John Philpot; John Hadley
1382 (May)
Hugh Fastolf?; John More; Thomas Carleton; Richard Norbury
1383
Nicholas Brembre; William Baret; William Walworth; John Philpot; John More; Henry Vanner; Richard Norbury
1384
John Hadley (twice); John Organ (twice); John Rote; Thomas Rolf
1385
John Hadley; Nicholas Exton; William Anecroft
1386–1421[4][edit]
Parliament
First member
Second member
Third member
Fourth member
1386
John Hadley
John Organ
Adam Carlisle
Thomas Girdler
February 1388
William More
John Shadworth
William Baret
John Walcote
September 1388
Adam Bamme
Henry Vanner
William Tonge
John Clenhand
January 1390
William More
John Shadworth
Adam Carlisle
William Brampton
November 1390
William More
John Shadworth
Adam Carlisle
William Brampton
1391
William Sheringham
William Brampton
William Standon
John Walcote
1394
William Standon
John Fresshe
Thomas Exton
John Wade
1395
Adam Carlisle
Drew Barantyn
Geoffrey Waldern
William Askham
January 1397
William Standon
William Brampton
William Hyde
Hugh Short
September 1397
Andrew Newport
Drew Barantyn
Robert Ashcombe
William Chichele
1399
John Shadworth
William Brampton
William Sunningwell
Richard Marlow
1402
John Hadley
William Parker
John Prophet
William Norton
1404 (Jan)
William Standon[5]
Drew Barantyn
William Marchford
John Prophet
1404 (Oct)
John Woodcock
William Brampton
Alan Everard
Robert Haxton
1406
William Standon
Nicholas Wotton
John Sudbury
Hugh Ryebread
1407
William Askham
William Cromer
William Marchford
John Bryan
1410
Drew Barantyn
Henry Halton
John Reynwell
Walter Gawtron
1411
Thomas Fauconer
Richard Marlow
John Sutton
John Michell
1413 (Feb)
William Askham
Drew Barantyn
William Marchford
Walter Gawtron
1413 (May)
William Askham
Drew Barantyn
William Marchford
Walter Gawtron
1414 (Apr)
Richard Marlow
Robert Chichele
William Burton
Allan Everard
1414 (Nov)
William Walderne
Nicholas Wotton
William Oliver
John Gedham
1415
Robert Chichele
William Walderne
John Reynwell
William Mitchell
1416 (Mar)
Richard Marlow
Thomas Fauconer
William Weston
Nicholas James
1416 (Oct)
Richard Whittington
Thomas Knollys
John Perneys
Robert Whittingham
1417
William Cromer
William Seveoak
John Welles[6]
John Butler
1419
Nicholas Wotton
Henry Barton
Richard Meryvale
Simon Sewall
1420
Thomas Fauconer
John Michell
Solomon Oxney
John Higham
1421 (May)
William Walderne
William Cromer
William Burton
Richard Goslyn
1421 (Dec)
Thomas Fauconer
Nicholas Wotton
John Brokley
John Whatley
1422–1508[2][edit]
Parliament
Aldermanic MPs by year
1422
Thomas Fauconer;John Michell;Henry Frowick
1423
John Welles;[6] Thomas Fauconer;Henry Frowick
1425
John Welles;[6] Nicholas Wotton;Thomas Bernewell
1426
John Welles;[6] John Michell
1427
John Welles;[6] John Michell;William Melreth
1429
Nicholas Wotton;William Melreth
1431
Nicholas James;William Eastfield
1432
John Gedney;William Melreth;Philip Malpas
1433
John Welles;[6]John Reynwell;Robert Catworth
1435
John Michell;Robert Large;Stephen Forster
1437
Henry Frowick;Robert Catworth;Nicholas Yoo
1439
William Eastfield;Robert Clopton;Geoffrey Fielding
1442
William Eastfield;Philip Malpas
1445
John Reynwell;Robert Catworth
1447
Henry Frowick;William Combes;William Marlowe;Hugh Wiche
1449
Robert Catworth;Stephen Browne;John Norman (twice);Geoffrey Boleyn
1450
Henry Frowick;William Marlow;Richard Lee
1453
Stephen Browne;John Atherley;William Cantelow;John Walderne;John Middleton
1455
Geoffrey Fielding;William Cantelow;John Yonge
1459
Thomas Canynges;Ralph Verney;Richard Fleming;John Bromer
1460
William Marlow;Thomas Cooke;Robert Bassett
1463
William Marlow;John Bromer
1467
Ralph Josselyn;John Warde;John Crosby
1469
Ralph Verney;George Irlond; Stephen Fabian
1470
Thomas Cooke; Stephen Fabian
1472
Ralph Verney;George Irlond; Stephen Fabian
1478
William Hampton;Richard Gardiner;John Warde
1483
William Taillour;Richard Haryot;Robert Tate (twice);John Fenkyll;Hugh Clopton
1484
Richard Haryot;John Fenkyll
1485
John Warde
1487
Henry Colet;Hugh Pemberton
1489
William White;Henry Colet
1491
Robert Tate;William Capel;Nicholas Ailwyn
1495
John Warde; John Shaa;Thomas Bradbury
1497
Richard Chawry;Thomas Wyndout
1503
John Tate;John Shaa
Parliaments of King Henry VIII of England[edit]
No.
Summoned
Elected
Assembled
Dissolved
1st
17 October 1509
1509/10
21 January 1510
23 February 1510
2nd
28 November 1511
1511/12
4 February 1512
4 March 1514
3rd
23 November 1514
1514/15
5 February 1515
22 December 1515
4th
...
?1523
15 April 1523
13 August 1523
5th
9 August 1529
1529
3 November 1529
14 April 1536
6th
27 April 1536
1536
8 June 1536
18 July 1536
7th
1 March 1539
1539
28 April 1539
24 July 1540
8th
23 November 1541
1541/42
16 January 1542
28 March 1544
9th
1 December 1544
19 January 1545
23 November 1545
31 January 1547
No.
Elected
1st member
2nd member
3rd member
4th member
1st
1509/10
Sir John Tate
John Chaloner [I]
James Yarford
John Brydges
1510
Thomas More [I][a]
2nd
1511/12
Sir William Capell
Richard Broke
William Calley
John Kyme [I]
3rd
1514/15
Sir William Capell
Richard Broke
William Calley[b]
John Kyme [I]
1515
unknown
4th
?1523
George Monoux
William Shelley
John Hewster[c]
William Roche
5th
1529
Sir Thomas Seymour[d]
John Baker [I][e]
John Petyt[f]
Paul Withypoll
18 February 1533
William Bowyer[g]
?1534
Sir Roger Cholmley known as Sir Roger Cholmeley
27 October 1534
Robert Pakington
1535
unknown
6th
1536
unknown
Sir Roger Cholmley known as Sir Roger Cholmeley[h]
unknown
unknown
7th
1539
Sir Richard Gresham
Sir Roger Cholmley known as Sir Roger Cholmeley
?Richard Fermor[i]
Paul Withypoll
8th
1541/42
Sir William Roche
Sir Roger Cholmley known as Sir Roger Cholmeley
John Sturgeon
Nicholas Wilford
9th
19 January 1545
Sir William Roche
Sir Roger Cholmley known as Sir Roger Cholmeley
John Sturgeon
Paul Withypoll
February 1545
Sir William Forman
February 1545
Sir Richard Gresham[j]
17 November 1545
Robert Broke[k]
Notes:
^More was elected at a by-election, held on an unknown date in 1510, before the Parliament assembled. He replaced James Yarford, who was disqualified from serving as a Citizen in Parliament when he was elected an Alderman of the City (see explanation above about who was eligible for which of the seats).
^Calley ceased to be an MP on 6 September 1515. It is unknown who replaced him.
^Hewster was also known by the alias of John Brampton.
^Seymour resigned his seat, because of ill health, in December 1535. It is unknown who replaced him.
^Baker was disqualified upon his resignation as Recorder of London. Sir Roger Cholmley known as Sir Roger Cholmeley was appointed Recorder on 17 June 1534 and by April 1536 he had been elected to Parliament at a by-election.
^Petyt died and was replaced by William Bowyer. The by-election was held by 18 February 1533.
^Bowyer was disqualified upon election as an Alderman. Robert Pakington was elected to fill the vacancy, at a by-election on 27 October 1534.
^Cholmley is known to have been a member of this parliament as he is mentioned in the parliamentary records. His colleagues are unknown however.
^Fermor has been inferred to have been the member, but this is not fully confirmed so the relevant volume of the House of Commons prefixed the name with a question mark.
^Gresham was elected at a by-election. Sir William Roche had originally been re-elected, but in January 1545 the King ordered that he be replaced. Sir William Forman was elected at a by-election in February 1545, but due to ill-health he was replaced by Gresham.
^Broke was elected at a by-election on 17 November 1545, following Sir Roger Cholmeley (who was originally elected) becoming disqualified when he resigned as Recorder of London on his appointment to the senior judicial office of Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.
Parliaments of King Edward VI of England[edit]
No.
Summoned
Elected
Assembled
Dissolved
1st
2 August 1547
1547
4 November 1547
15 April 1552
2nd
5 January 1553
1553
1 March 1553
31 March 1553
No
Elected
1st member
2nd member
3rd member
4th member
1st
1547
Sir Martin Bowes
Robert Broke
Thomas Curteys[a]
Thomas Bacon
4 March 1552
John Blundell
2nd
1553
Sir Martin Bowes
Robert Broke
John Marshe
John Blundell
Note:-
^Curteys was disqualified from continuing to serve as a Citizen in Parliament, upon his election as an Alderman. John Blundell was elected to fill the vacancy at a by-election on 4 March 1552.
Parliaments of Queen Mary I of England[edit]
No.
Summoned
Elected
Assembled
Dissolved
1st
14 August 1553
1553
5 October 1553
5 December 1553
2nd
17 February 1554
1554
2 April 1554
3 May 1554
3rd
3 October 1554
1554
12 November 1554
16 January 1555
4th
3 September 1555
1555
21 October 1555
9 December 1555
5th
6 December 1557
1557/58
20 January 1558
17 November 1558
No
Elected
1st member
2nd member
3rd member
4th member
1st
1553
Sir Rowland Hill
Robert Broke
John Marshe
John Blundell
2nd
1554
Sir Martin Bowes
Robert Broke
John Marshe
John Blundell
3rd
1554
Sir Martin Bowes
Ralph Cholmley
Richard Grafton
Richard Burnell
4th
1555
Sir Martin Bowes
Ralph Cholmley
Philip Bold
Nicholas Chowne
5th
1558
Sir William Garrard
Ralph Cholmley
John Marshe
Richard Grafton
Parliaments of Queen Elizabeth I of England[edit]
No.
Summoned
Elected
Assembled
Dissolved
1st
5 December 1558
9 January 1559
23 January 1559
8 May 1559
2nd
10 November 1562
December 1562
11 January 1563
2 January 1567
3rd
...
March 1571
2 April 1571
29 May 1571
4th
28 March 1572
April 1572
8 May 1572
19 April 1583
5th
12 October 1584
22 October 1584
23 November 1584
14 September 1585
6th
15 September 1586
3 October 1586
15 October 1586
23 March 1587
7th
18 September 1588
1 October 1588
4 February 1589
29 March 1589
8th
4 January 1593
27 November 1592
18 February 1593
10 April 1593
9th
23 August 1597
3 or 4 October 1597
24 October 1597
9 February 1598
10th
11 September 1601
6 October 1601
27 October 1601
19 December 1601
No
Elected
1st member
2nd member
3rd member
4th member
1st
9 January 1559
Sir Martin Bowes
Ralph Cholmley
John Marshe
Richard Hills
2nd
December 1562
Sir Martin Bowes
Ralph Cholmley[a]
Lawrence Withers
John Marshe
October 1566
Sir John White
3rd
March 1571
Sir John White
Thomas Wilbraham
John Marshe
Thomas Norton
4th
April 1572
Sir Rowland Hayward
William Fleetwood
John Marshe[b]
Thomas Norton
7 October 1579
Thomas Aldersey
5th
22 October 1584
Sir Nicholas Woodrofe
William Fleetwood
Thomas Aldersey
Walter Fish[c]
September 1585
Henry Billingsley
6th
3 October 1586
Sir Edward Osborne
William Fleetwood
Thomas Aldersey
Richard Saltonstall
7th
1 October 1588
Sir George Barne
William Fleetwood
Thomas Aldersey
Andrew Palmer
8th
27 November 1592
Sir John Hart
Edward Drew
Andrew Palmer
George Southerton
9th
3 or 4 October 1597
Sir John Hart
John Croke [III]
George Southerton
Thomas Fettiplace
10th
6 October 1601
Sir Stephen Soame
John Croke [III]
Thomas Fettiplace
John Pynder
Notes:-
^Cholmley died on 25 April 1563. Sir John White was elected to fill the vacancy at a by-election in October 1566.
^Marshe died and Thomas Aldersey was elected to fill the vacancy at a by-election on 7 October 1579.
^Fish died and Henry Billingsley was elected to fill the vacancy at a by-election in September 1585.
Parliaments of King James I of England[edit]
No.
Summoned
Elected
Assembled
Dissolved
1st
31 January 1604
1604
19 March 1604
9 February 1611
2nd
...
?1614
5 April 1614
7 June 1614
3rd
13 November 1620
1620/21
16 January 1621
8 February 1622
4th
20 December 1623
1623/24
12 February 1624
27 March 1625
No.
Elected
1st member
2nd member
3rd member
4th member
1st
1604
Nicholas Fuller
Sir Henry Montague
Sir Henry Billingsley
Richard Gore
2nd
1614
Nicholas Fuller
Sir Henry Montague
Robert Myddelton
Sir Thomas Lowe
3rd
1621
William Towerson
Robert Heath
Robert Bateman
Sir Thomas Lowe
4th
1624
Sir Thomas Middleton
Heneage Finch
Robert Bateman
Martin Bond
Parliaments of King Charles I of England[edit]
No.
Summoned
Elected
Assembled
Dissolved
1st
2 April 1625
1625
17 May 1625
12 August 1625
2nd
20 December 1625
1625/26
6 February 1626
15 June 1626
3rd
31 January 1628
1628
17 March 1628
10 March 1629
4th
20 February 1640
1640
13 April 1640
5 May 1640
5th
24 September 1640
1640
3 November 1640
16 March 1660
No.
Elected
1st member
2nd member
3rd member
4th member
1st
1625
Sir Thomas Middleton
Heneage Finch
Robert Bateman
Martin Bond
2nd
1626
Sir Thomas Middleton
Heneage Finch
Sir Robert Bateman
Sir Maurice Abbot
3rd
1628
Thomas Moulson
Christopher Clitherow
Henry Waller
James Bunce
4th
1640
Thomas Soame
Isaac Pennington
Samuel Vassall
Matthew Cradock
5th
1640
Sir Thomas Soame (excluded 1648)
Isaac Pennington
Samuel Vassall (excluded 1648)
Matthew Cradock (died 1641) John Venn (died 1650)
Parliaments of the Commonwealth[edit]
The Long Parliament or the selection of members from it known as the Rump Parliament functioned de facto during part of the Commonwealth of England period. It existed (in a sense) de jure 1640-1660, as under a pre-English Civil War law, the Long Parliament could not be lawfully dissolved without its own consent which it did not give until 1660. As it was a parliament originally summoned by King Charles I, the overall dates of the Long Parliament are given in the previous section.
The Barebones Parliament was an appointed body, so the City was not an electoral constituency represented as such in it. That body was summoned on 20 June 1653, first met on 4 July 1653 and was dissolved on 12 December 1653.
Year
1st member
2nd member
3rd member
4th member
5th member
6th member
7th member
1653
Robert Tichborne
John Ireton
Samuel Moyer
John Stone
Henry Barton
John Langley
Praise-God Barebone
Parliaments of the Protectorate[edit]
During the Protectorate the City was allocated six representatives in the First and the Second Protectorate Parliaments, before reverting to four for the Third Protectorate Parliament.
No.
Summoned
Elected
Assembled
Dissolved
1st
1 June 1654
1654
3 September 1654
22 January 1655
2nd
10 July 1656
1656
17 September 1656
4 February 1658
3rd
9 December 1658
1658/59
27 January 1659
22 April 1659
Year
1st member
2nd member
3rd member
4th member
5th member
6th member
1654
Thomas Adams
Thomas Foote
William Steele
John Langham
Samuel Avery
Andrew Riccard
1656
Thomas Adams
Theophilus Biddulph
Richard Browne
Thomas Foote
Sir Christopher Pack
John Jones
1659
Theophilus Biddulph
Richard Browne
William Thompson
John Jones
Knights and Citizens serving 1660–1707[edit]
Key to parties: T Tory; W Whig.
From
To
Name
Born
Died
1660
1660
William Wilde
c. 1611
23 November 1679
1660
1660
Richard Browne
c. 1610
24 September 1669
1660
1660
John Robinson
10 January 1615
February 1680
1660
1660
William Vincent
c. 1615
1661
1661
1662
John Fowke
c. 1596
22 April 1662
1661
1679
Sir William Thompson
10 April 1614
c. April 1681
1661
1681
William Love
c. 1620
1 May 1689
1661
1679
John Jones
c. 1610
21 May 1692
1663
1679
Sir John Frederick
25 October 1601
19 March 1685
1679
1681
Sir Robert Clayton
29 September 1629
16 July 1707
1679
1681
Sir Thomas Player
...
14 June 1686
1679
1681
Thomas Pilkington
30 March 1628
16 November 1691
1685
1687
Sir John Moore
11 June 1620
2 June 1702
1685
1687
Sir William Prichard
c. 1632
18 February 1705
1685
1687
Sir Samuel Dashwood
c. 1643
12 August 1705
1685
1687
Sir Peter Rich
c. 1630
26 August 1692
1689
1690
Sir Patience Ward
7 December 1629
10 July 1696
1689
1690
Sir Robert Clayton
29 September 1629
16 July 1707
1689
1689
William Love
c. 1620
1 May 1689
1689
1690
Thomas Pilkington
30 March 1628
16 November 1691
1689
1690
Sir William Ashhurst
26 April 1647
12 January 1720
1690
1695
Sir William Prichard
c. 1632
18 February 1705
1690
1695
Sir Samuel Dashwood
c. 1643
12 August 1705
1690
1693
Sir William Turner
12 September 1615
9 February 1693
1690
1695
Sir Thomas Vernon
10 December 1631
10 February 1711
1693
1701
Sir John Fleet
18 March 1648
6 July 1712
1695
1698
Sir Robert Clayton
29 September 1629
16 July 1707
1695
1702
Sir William Ashhurst
26 April 1647
12 January 1720
1695
1701
Thomas Papillon
6 September 1623
5 May 1702
1698
1701
Sir James Houblon
26 July 1629
October 1700
1701
1702
Sir Robert Clayton
29 September 1629
16 July 1707
1701
1701
Sir William Withers (T)
c. 1654
31 January 1721
1701
1701
Gilbert Heathcote[a]
2 January 1652
25 January 1733
1701
1701
Sir John Fleet
18 March 1648
6 July 1712
1701
1702
Sir Thomas Abney
January 1640
6 February 1722
1701
1707[b]
Sir Gilbert Heathcote
2 January 1652
25 January 1733
1702
1705
Sir William Prichard
c. 1632
18 February 1705
1702
1705
Sir John Fleet
18 March 1648
6 July 1712
1702
1705
Sir Francis Child
14 December 1642
4 October 1713
1705
1707[b]
Sir Robert Clayton
29 September 1629
16 July 1707
1705
1707[b]
Samuel Shepheard
c. 1648
4 January 1719
1705
1707[b]
Sir William Ashhurst
26 April 1647
12 January 1720
Notes:-
^Expelled
^ a b c dContinued in Parliament after the Union took effect on 1 May 1707.
^ a b c d e fMembers Constituencies Parliaments Surveys. "WELLES, John III (d.1442), of London". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 9 August 2012. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
'Aldermen in Parliament', The Aldermen of the City of London: Temp. Henry III - 1912 (1908), pp. 261-297. Date accessed: 14 April 2011
The House of Commons 1509-1558, by S.T. Bindoff (Secker & Warburg 1982)
The House of Commons 1558-1603, by P.W. Hasler (HMSO 1981)
The House of Commons 1660-1690, by Basil Duke Henning (Secker & Warburg 1983)