El Ejército de los Estados Unidos 's oficial de la Escuela de Candidatos ( OCS ) es una escuela de oficiales ubicada en Fort Benning , Georgia , que capacita, evalúa y evalúa posibles suboficiales del Ejército de Estados Unidos, la Reserva del Ejército de EE.UU. , y la Guardia Nacional del Ejército . Los candidatos a oficiales son ex miembros alistados (E-4 a E-7), suboficiales , transferencias entre servicios [1] o graduados universitarios civiles que se inscriben en la "Opción OCS" después de completar el Entrenamiento Básico de Combate (BCT). Estos últimos a menudo se denominan operaciones universitarias..
Escuela de candidatos a oficiales del ejército de EE. UU. | |
---|---|
Activo | 1941 - 19/20 de diciembre de 1949 1951 - presente |
País | Estados Unidos |
Rama | Armada de Estados Unidos |
Tipo | Capacitación |
Papel | Capacitar y comisionar oficiales del ejército de EE. |
Parte de | Comando de Adiestramiento y Doctrina EE.UU. Escuela de Infantería del Ejército |
Guarnición / HQ | Fort Benning , Georgia |
Lema (s) | "Estándares, sin concesiones" |
marcha | OCS Alma Mater |
Comandantes | |
Comandante actual | Teniente Coronel David Holstead |
OCS es un curso de 12 semanas diseñado para capacitar, evaluar, evaluar y desarrollar subtenientes para el Ejército de los EE. UU. [2] Es la única fuente de puesta en servicio que puede responder a los cambiantes requisitos de personal del Ejército de los EE. UU. Debido a su corta duración, en comparación con otros programas de puesta en servicio y sus requisitos. Completar OCS es una de varias formas de convertirse en oficial comisionado del Ejército de EE. UU . Los otros métodos son:
- Graduación de la Academia Militar de los Estados Unidos (USMA) o de cualquiera de las otras academias de servicio federal de los Estados Unidos . [3]
- Completar el Cuerpo de Entrenamiento de Oficiales de Reserva (ROTC) que se ofrece en muchas universidades civiles en los Estados Unidos
- Completar los programas de la Escuela de Candidatos a Oficiales de la Guardia Nacional del Ejército en los Institutos Regionales de Capacitación (RTI)
- Comisionamiento directo : normalmente se reserva para las adhesiones de capellanes, profesionales médicos y abogados del Juez Fiscal General (JAG) .
- Transferencia interservicios como oficial comisionado de otra rama militar de los Estados Unidos. [4]
- Las comisiones del campo de batalla , o comisiones meritorias, aunque técnicamente todavía están previstas, no han sido utilizadas por el ejército de los EE. UU. Desde la Guerra de Vietnam.
La Escuela de Candidatos a Oficiales del Ejército de los Estados Unidos está designada organizativamente como 3er Batallón, 11º Regimiento de Infantería, 199ª Brigada de Infantería . [5] Fue redesignado del 3er Batallón, 11º Regimiento de Infantería en junio de 2007. Es una unidad subordinada del Centro de Maniobra de Excelencia (MCoE) también con sede en Fort Benning. En julio de 2014, el batallón cuenta con cinco compañías de entrenamiento y una compañía de la Sede en operación, designadas HHC, Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta y Echo, cada una de las cuales puede llevar a cabo una clase a la vez, con un máximo de 160 candidatos capacitados en cada clase. [6] Generalmente, solo se usan Alpha a Delta, pero si hay un número suficiente de estudiantes, la compañía Echo también se abrirá. HHC sirve como la compañía de "retención" para los nuevos candidatos que están en proceso de procesamiento o para los candidatos lesionados que se están recuperando de sus lesiones. Aquellos que se recuperan de una lesión a menudo son "reciclados" a la siguiente clase. Cada tres semanas se gradúa una clase y se inicia otra.
El comandante del 3er Batallón, 11º Regimiento de Infantería (OCS), 199ª Brigada de Infantería es el Teniente Coronel Matthew Chitty [7] y el Sargento Mayor de Comando es el Sargento Mayor de Comando Stephen Anthony Carney Jr.
Historia
Históricamente, OCS ha proporcionado los medios por los cuales el Ejército de los EE. UU. Podría generar un gran número de oficiales subalternos durante los períodos de requisitos de personal cada vez mayores, generalmente durante las guerras. Antes de 1973, OCS era una rama específica, en un momento había ocho escuelas separadas; en 1968, el Ejército había consolidado la OCS. Los candidatos comisionados en las ramas de apoyo de combate fueron enviados a Fort Belvoir, Virginia, y serían entrenados como oficiales de ingenieros de combate. Al graduarse, serían comisionados en su rama asignada y enviados al curso básico de un oficial. Los candidatos comisionados en las ramas de armas de combate serían enviados a Infantería OCS en Fort Benning, Georgia o posiblemente Artillería OCS en Fort Sill, Oklahoma. En ese momento, OCS consistía en veintidós semanas de capacitación en el aula y en el campo. La guerra de Vietnam trajo consigo una expansión significativa del programa. En 1973, OCS se convirtió en una rama inmaterial y se consolidó en dos cursos que se imparten en Ft. Benning y otro en Fort McClellan , Alabama para candidatas a funcionarias ; la duración del curso se redujo a 14 semanas. En 1976, el OCS en Ft. Benning integró a las candidatas y se convirtió en el único OCS que queda en el Ejército activo, con el cierre de la Escuela WAC. El término "maravillas de los 90 días", tanto como término peyorativo como afectivo, se ha aplicado de forma intermitente a los oficiales subalternos comisionados a través de la OCS desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
Era de la Segunda Guerra Mundial
La Escuela de Candidatos a Oficiales se propuso por primera vez en junio de 1938, cuando el Ejército comenzó a expandirse anticipándose a las hostilidades cuando el General de Brigada Asa L. Singleton , Comandante de la Escuela de Infantería, presentó al Jefe de Infantería un plan para un programa de entrenamiento de oficiales . Sin embargo, no se tomó ninguna medida hasta julio de 1940, cuando Brig. El general Courtney Hodges , asistente del comandante de la Escuela de Infantería , presentó un plan revisado al (entonces) Brig. General Omar Bradley , Comandante de la Escuela de Infantería. En julio de 1941, la OCS se presentó como Escuelas Candidatas a Oficiales de Infantería , Artillería de Campaña y Artillería Costera , cada una ubicada respectivamente en Fort Benning, Fort Sill y Fort Monroe , Virginia . [8] [9]
Además de los programas antes mencionados, hubo Escuelas de Candidatos a Oficiales que defendieron otras ramas, en particular, el Cuerpo de Señales en Fort Monmouth , Nueva Jersey . Debido a la rápida creación de estos programas debido a la necesidad en tiempos de guerra, y luego a los rápidos cierres o reestructuraciones poco después del final de la guerra, los registros históricos no siempre se crearon o se mantuvieron adecuadamente y se sabe poco sobre algunos de estos cursos de puesta en servicio específicos de las ramas. Sin embargo, el Cuerpo de Señales tiene una lista completa de registros que se remonta a su primera clase, que graduó a 336 oficiales el 30 de septiembre de 1941. Los registros los mantiene la Asociación OCS del Cuerpo de Señales del Ejército de los EE. UU., Que está recopilando y archivando activamente la historia personal de muchos de los más de 27.000 graduados de OCS del Cuerpo de Señales que pasaron por sus programas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la Guerra de Corea y la Guerra de Vietnam. El sitio web de Signal Corps incluye una lista de todos los graduados de OCS del Cuerpo de Señales del Ejército de los EE. UU., La fecha de su graduación, así como todos los Oficiales de TAC, los CO de las escuelas de capacitación y la mayoría de los hombres alistados que sirvieron en los programas de capacitación de OCS de Signal Corps. [10] Además del Cuerpo de Señales, varias otras unidades tienen organizaciones de ex alumnos que han mantenido registros informales y han conservado la documentación de los cursos.
El 27 de septiembre de 1941, la primera clase de Infantería OCS graduó a 171 subtenientes; 204 hombres comenzaron el curso de 17 semanas en julio. [11] Se puede encontrar un testimonio de la capacidad de la OCS para producir nuevos subtenientes rápidamente en la decisión del Departamento de Guerra de que el ROTC no podía satisfacer la demanda nacional de oficiales; así que en mayo de 1943, el curso avanzado en ROTC fue suspendido y los graduados del curso básico fueron enviados inmediatamente a OCS para que pudieran ser comisionados antes. [12]
Durante la guerra, la política de segregación racial del Ejército continuó entre los miembros alistados; La política de entrenamiento del ejército, sin embargo, preveía que negros y blancos entrenarían juntos en las escuelas de candidatos a oficiales (a partir de 1942). [13] [14] La Escuela de Candidatos a Oficiales fue el primer experimento formal del Ejército con la integración. Los candidatos blancos y negros compartían las habitaciones de los oficiales, con compañeros de litera asignados alfabéticamente, independientemente de su raza, y todos los candidatos se capacitaban juntos. A pesar de esta formación integrada, en la mayoría de los casos, los graduados se unirían a unidades segregadas racialmente. [14]
Se le atribuye al general Bradley el haber establecido el formato, la disciplina y el código de honor que todavía se usa en OCS en la actualidad. Bradley hizo hincapié en una formación rigurosa, una disciplina estricta y una organización eficiente. Estos principios siguen siendo los valores básicos de la Escuela de Candidatos a Oficiales de la actualidad. Entre julio de 1941 y mayo de 1947, más de 100.000 candidatos se inscribieron en 448 clases de Infantería OCS, de estos aproximadamente el 67 por ciento completaron el curso para ganar comisiones. Después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Infantería OCS fue transferida a Fort Riley , Kansas , como parte de la Ground General School. Debido a la reducción del tamaño del Ejército en la posguerra y la disminución de la necesidad de nuevos Oficiales, todos los OCS excepto Infantería fueron cerrados. Finalmente, el 1 de noviembre de 1947, fue desactivado. La clase final graduó sólo a 52 subtenientes. [11]
El Cuerpo Auxiliar del Ejército de Mujeres (WAAC) fue creado por una ley del Congreso el 14 de mayo de 1942, permitiéndoles servir, pero no como soldados. En ese momento, las mujeres no tenían condición de militar y no estaban integradas al Ejército. Sus rangos, sueldos y beneficios eran diferentes a los del Ejército, junto con toda la administración. Pero, al ser una organización militar que fue modelada y paralela al Ejército, requería una forma de capacitar a los Oficiales; por lo tanto, creó su propio WAAC OCS, que se levantó el 20 de julio de 1942 en Fort Des Moines , Iowa . El curso duró seis semanas y su primera clase consistió en 440 candidatos. [13] Al graduarse, las mujeres fueron comisionadas como terceros oficiales (equivalente a un segundo teniente). Vale la pena señalar que entre las primeras candidatas se encontraban 40 mujeres negras. Inicialmente, las mujeres negras fueron segregadas, pero de acuerdo con las políticas del Ejército, integrando el entrenamiento de oficiales y con la presión de la Asociación Nacional para el Avance de la Gente de Color (NAACP), en noviembre de 1942, estaban siendo capacitadas en unidades integradas. [13]
Guerra Fría
Con el estallido de la Guerra de Corea y la rápida expansión del Ejército en respuesta, la escasez de oficiales disponibles y las comisiones proyectadas hicieron que el Departamento del Ejército reabriera el OCS de Infantería en Ft. Benning el 18 de febrero de 1951. El curso se prolongó de 17 a 22 semanas, como resultado de las lecciones aprendidas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial; permitiendo así más instrucción en tácticas de infantería. La Escuela de Candidatos a Oficiales de Infantería se convirtió en el 1º Batallón de Candidatos a Oficiales, 2º Regimiento de Estudiantes. La fuerza de OCS aumentó rápidamente. Como uno de los ocho programas de rama, Infantry OCS incluyó hasta 29 empresas con una clase que se graduó cada semana. Durante la Guerra de Corea, OCS encargó a aproximadamente 7.000 oficiales de infantería.
En abril de 1949, el Ejército de los EE. UU. Estableció la Escuela de Candidatos a Oficiales del Cuerpo del Ejército de Mujeres en Fort Lee , Virginia. El WAC, un componente activo del Ejército regular, descendiente del WAAC, operaba este OCS para las candidatas que buscaban ingresar al Cuerpo de Oficiales del WAC. [15] La tasa de "lavado" fue casi idéntica a la de los programas para hombres, aproximadamente el 37%, durante sus primeros cuatro años; una estadística alarmante para los observadores de ambos programas. [16] En 1954, WAC OCS se había cerrado y se había fusionado con un programa de puesta en marcha para las comisiones directas de mujeres, debido al bajo número de mujeres que asistían al curso de WAC OCS, debido en parte a los estándares más estrictos para la selección, en respuesta a las investigaciones del lavado. tarifas.
El 4 de agosto de 1953, el Departamento del Ejército redujo OCS de ocho a tres programas: Infantería, Artillería e Ingeniero, cerrando finalmente Ingeniero OCS en julio de 1954, [17] dejando abiertas sólo las escuelas de Infantería y Artillería de Campaña. Sin embargo, con el inicio de la Guerra de Vietnam, el programa OCS se expandió nuevamente con candidatos a oficiales que se sometieron a un agotador programa de instrucción de 23 semanas con una tasa de deserción extremadamente alta , que fue diseñado para preparar a los oficiales jóvenes para ser líderes de pelotón en una exigente jungla de Vietnam. ambiente. En septiembre de 1965, Engineer OCS reabrió sus puertas en Fort Belvoir , Virginia, y antes de cerrar definitivamente en 1971, se habían encargado más de 10,000 ingenieros oficiales. [17]
As the war in Korea edged into 1953, several classes of Infantry School OCS students were given the authorization to transfer to the Medical Service Corps upon graduation. These selected officers (with previous medical experience) were assigned to Korea (after a short training course at Brooke Army Medical Center in San Antonio, Texas), with the explicit duty of trying to keep the direct inductee Medical Officers alive. This was necessary because of the shortage of medical officers and the lack of combat preparation training provided to them after their direct induction into the Army and their immediate assignment to Korea.
At the height of the Vietnam War, Infantry OCS produced 7,000 officers annually from five student battalions, all located at Ft. Benning. Also, during the war, a female OCS was once again established; it was stood up at Fort McClellan, Alabama, as part of the WAC Center and School. Other OCS programs were located at Fort Gordon, Georgia (Signal Corps); Fort Sill, Oklahoma (Artillery), Fort Lee, Virginia (Quarter Master), Fort Eustis, Virginia (Transportation), Fort Knox, Kentucky (Armor), Fort Belvoir, Virginia (Engineer) and Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland (Ordnance). In April 1973, a branch immaterial OCS was established at Fort Benning, ending the Infantry and Field Artillery based courses. In 1976, with the end of the gender-separate Army, the women's OCS was merged with the branch immaterial male course, creating a program very similar to the modern OCS. The United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, also admitted its first female cadets in 1976. However, due to the length of instruction there (4 years), the newly gender-integrated Officer Candidate School had the distinction of commissioning a female second lieutenant before USMA.
Lista de programas históricos de OCS
- Anti-Aircraft Artillery (Fort Davis, Virginia) [March, 1942 – January, 1944] The Anti-Aircraft Artillery School was moved to Fort Bliss in October, 1944.
- Anti-Aircraft Artillery (Fort Bliss, Texas) [October, 1951 – May, 1952][18]
- Armor (Fort Knox, Kentucky) [July 1966 – February 1968] From July 1966 to February 1968 the program was a dedicated Armor OCS. Previously it had been a Branch Immaterial OCS course[19]
- Army Air Forces (Miami Beach, Florida) [February 1942 – June 1944] Moved to San Antonio, Texas in June 1944 then moved to Maxwell Field, Alabama in June 1945.
- Branch Immaterial (Fort Knox, Kentucky) [December, 1965 – September, 1966] [19] Fort Knox briefly ran a Branch Immaterial course that trained officers for the Armor, Quartermaster, Transportation, or Ordnance Corps. Classes performed Phase I (13-week basic officer's training) at Fort Knox and transferred together to complete Phase II (10-week advanced officer training course) at either Fort Lee (Quartermaster), Fort Eustis (Transportation), or Aberdeen Proving Ground (Ordnance Corps). Class 9-66 candidates who completed Phase I could pick between the Armor, Quartermaster, Transportation, or Ordnance Corps Phase II. Classes 14–66, 18–66, 22–66, and 24-66 performed both Phases I and II at Fort Knox and were Armor Corps officers.
- Branch Immaterial (Fort Benning, Georgia) [April 1973 – present] Creates general-purpose commissioned officers in the place of the previous specialized programs.
- Coastal Artillery (Fort Monroe, Virginia) [1941 – 1944] Split into the Coastal Artillery OCS at Fort Monroe and the Anti-Aircraft Artillery OCS at Fort Davis in March, 1942.[9]
- Engineers (Fort Belvoir, Virginia) [July, 1941 – December, 1946; August, 1953 – July, 1954; November, 1965 – January, 1971].[17]
- Field Artillery (Fort Sill, Oklahoma) [July 1941 – December 1946; February 1951 – July 1973]
- Infantry (Fort Benning, Georgia) [1941 – 1945; 1951 – 1973]
- Infantry (Fort Riley, Kansas) [1945 – 1947]
- Noncommissioned Officer Candidate Course (NCOC) (Fort Benning, Georgia) [1967 – 1972]
- Ordnance Corps (Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland) [1940 – 1945; 1950 – 1962] From 1962 to 1985 the Ordnance Corps was disestablished and its functions absorbed by the Army Materiel Command. The Ordnance Branch was placed under the AMC's Logistics Branch.
- Ordnance Branch (Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland) [1962-1973] From 1962 to 1985 the Ordnance Corps was disestablished and its functions absorbed by the Army Materiel Command. The Ordnance Branch was placed under the AMC's Logistics Branch.
- Quartermaster Corps (Fort Lee, Virginia) [July 1966 – February 1968]
- Signal Corps (Fort Gordon, Georgia) [1966 – February 1968]
- Transportation Corps (Fort Eustis, Virginia) [1966 – February, 1968]
- Women's Army Corps (Fort Des Moines, Iowa) [1941 – 1946]
- Women's Army Corps (Fort Lee, Virginia) [1949 – 1954]
- Women's Army Corps Center and School (Fort McClellan, Alabama) [1954 – 1976]
Capacitación
Today, Officer Candidate School is offered in two ways. Active duty OCS is a 12-week-long school, taught "in residence" at Ft. Benning, Georgia. Its primary purpose is to commission second lieutenants into the U.S. Army, U.S. Army Reserve and Army National Guard.[20]
Active duty
The Army's Officer Candidate School is programmed to teach basic leadership and soldier tasks, using the infantry battle drills found in Army Field Manual 3–21.8 as a framework for instruction and evaluation of leadership potential. A total of 71 tasks are taught and tested while at OCS. A candidate should expect to be under constant observation and evaluation by their cadre. Mental and emotional stress is induced through a variety of controlled methods, to test problem-solving and moral resolve. Additionally, the course is meant to be physically demanding, with numerous tactical road marches, timed runs of varying distance from 2 miles to 5 miles, and Army Combatives training. Beginning with the first class of FY 2008, the calendar length of OCS was shortened from 14 weeks to 12 weeks, thus allowing for more classes to be conducted each fiscal year, thereby raising the maximum capacity of the school to train Second Lieutenants to meet future commissioning needs as the Army grows. The current capacity of each class that is conducted is limited to 160 officer candidates.[21]
Officer Candidate School is conducted in three phases: Basic Phase, Intermediate Phase, and Senior phase. Students are referred to as either basic officer candidates (BOCs), intermediate officer candidates (IOCs), or senior officer candidates (SOCs) as their classes progress. Initially, upon arrival, the candidates will in-process with HHC and compete via physical fitness test to enter an OCS company. Candidates should expect to arrive at Ft. Benning in top physical condition as the cutoff has historically been an APFT score of 240–270. Once assigned to a class, the candidates have virtually no privileges and enter into a highly controlled environment similar to Basic Training, although they are expected to act like leaders and take charge and responsibility immediately. As they progress through the course, they may earn some limited privileges. Their bearing, deportment, and behavior, both individually and collectively, will affect the return of their privileges.[22]
Basic officer candidates (BOCs) are identified by wearing a black ascot. The basic phase will test candidates academically as well as physically; all events are scored comprising the Order of Merit (OML) list used for branch selection. The Basic Officer phase culminates with branch selection and transition to the Intermediate phase. The intermediate officer candidates (IOCs) are identified with a light blue ascot. The intermediate phase continues with more difficult academic training as well as field and tactical instruction. Senior officer candidates (SOCs) are identified by wearing a white ascot. The senior phase consists of a field environment where students are graded on land navigation, tactics, and leadership; the last phase consists of final exams in academics, physical fitness, peer evaluations, final TAC (Training, Advising, and Counseling) Officer assessments, interviews, and preparation for graduation and follow-on basic officer branch courses. Sometimes, graduates are offered 'walk-on' slots in Fort Benning's Airborne or Air Assault schools since they are under the same higher training command as OCS.
In September 2010, OCS implemented a policy of total immersion. This system removes the possibility of candidates earning on- or off-post passes and using their vehicles during the first 6 weeks of school, restricts the consumption of alcohol to 2 designated days during the course, and prohibits students to carry cell phones while in uniform.[23]
All candidates are commissioned as second lieutenants upon graduation.[24]
Army National Guard
The programs at the Army National Guard Regional Training Institutes are offered in two different formats to accommodate reserve component soldiers. The "Traditional" OCS program is a 16-month course of instruction conducted from April to August of the following year and is broken down into four phases.
- Phase Zero – is four drill weekends and designed to prepare officer candidates for the OCS program.
- Phase I – is a 15-day annual training period held in the summer.
- Phase II – is conducted one weekend per month for a period of 13 months.
- Phase III – is a final 15-day annual training period, culminating with graduation and commissioning.
The Army National Guard also offers an "Accelerated" OCS program, which is a 56-day, full-time program. The accelerated program is the most physically and mentally demanding program and while the majority of candidates for the accelerated program are already enlisted soldiers, the failure rate is consistently over 40%.
Upon successful completion of either Army National Guard OCS program, graduates are eligible for commissioning as a second lieutenant pending federal recognition.[25] This is normally the only possibility of attaining an officer's commission without the prerequisite of having a bachelor's degree. There are, however, requirements that allow basic qualification for entrance into Officer Candidate School for the Army Reserves. However, as the Army's needs for junior grade officers ebbs and flows, the requirement for a degree may be added as a temporary measure. This will be announced to the force via an Army G1 MILPER message. The Army Regulation (AR) that governs OCS is AR 350–51. These include having at least 90 credits from an accredited college, approval from the Officer Candidate School board, and falling in the age range of 18 to 41 years.[26]
Basic Officer Leadership Course (BOLC)
In 2009, the Army streamlined the officer training pipeline by removing BOLC II and renaming BOLC I to BOLC-A and BOLC III to BOLC-B. Three weeks of training were added to BOLC-B which includes basic soldiering skills such as land navigation and weapons qualification.[27] Thus, three separate schools were combined into two. Today's 'BOLC' was formerly known as the Officer Basic Course (OBC).
Selección
Officer candidates must pass a series of tests before being accepted into the Officer Candidate School. A prospective officer candidate will meet with a recruiter. After the initial interview, the recruiter will decide if the prospective officer candidate should move forward in the process. It is up to the individual recruiter to decide if a prospective officer candidate can pass the OCS program successfully and is worth the time and effort it takes to submit a packet for OCS.
After completing the initial interview the prospective officer candidate will take the ASVAB and need to make at least a 110 GT score. The prospective candidate then must complete a short essay about why they want to be an Army officer, provide identification (usually a birth certificate and Social Security card), pass a background check, provide a minimum of 3 letters of recommendation, and complete a physical medical exam.
After successful completion of these steps, the recruiter may then conduct the officer candidate through an Army Physical Fitness Test. Upon reaching a score on the test that the recruiter deems to be acceptable (usually in the range of 270 and above), the officer candidate will be scheduled to conduct an interview board. The interview board is conducted by three officers, usually two captains and headed by a major. Upon successfully passing the interview board the prospective officer candidate is accepted into the program and has a week to sign the contract.
Salón de Honor de la Escuela de Candidatos a Oficiales
The U.S. Army Officer Candidate School Hall of Honor was established in 1958 to honor infantry officer graduates of the Officer Candidate School Program who distinguished themselves in military or civilian pursuits. In 2002, it was opened to graduates from all U.S. Army Officer Candidate Schools from across the history of the U.S. Army.[28][29] It is hosted at the National Infantry Museum in Columbus, Georgia, which also hosts the U.S. Army Ranger Hall of Honor.[30]
Officer Candidate School Hall of Fame
Among the OCS Hall of Honor exhibits include the OCS Hall of Fame. It features over 2,000 inductees whose biographies and portraits can be explored in a digital kiosk.[30]
Selection and induction into the Hall of Fame is not guaranteed and is based on several criteria. The inductee may be commissioned from any active component Army OCS program and must have accomplished at least one of the following:
- Awarded the Medal of Honor
- Attained the rank of colonel while serving on active duty or the reserves.
- Elected or appointed to an office of prominence in the national or state government.
- Achieved national or state recognition for outstanding service to the nation.
- Attained an exceptional wartime service record.
Notable members of the Hall of Fame
There are over two thousand inductees; a few representative examples are listed here:[31]
- Hugh J. Addonizio, politician
- William F. Buckley, Jr., political commentator
- Robert J. Dole, U.S. Senator from Kansas and presidential candidate
- Winthrop Rockefeller, politician
- Caspar Weinberger, Secretary of Defense during the Reagan administration
- General Tommy Franks
- General Robert C. Kingston
- General Frederick J. Kroesen, Jr.
- General John Shalikashvili
- Lieutenant General Michael S. Tucker
- Lieutenant General David S. Weisman
- Lieutenant General Michael Nagata
- Major General George F. Close, Jr.
- Major General Michael D. Healy
- Major General Keith Ware
- Major General Phillip Kaplan
- Major General William J. McCaddin
- Brigadier General Julia A. Kraus
- Brigadier General Belinda Pinckney
- Colonel Gerald E. Ferguson, Jr.
- Colonel Leland B. Fair
- Colonel Ronald F. Fraser
- Colonel John L. Insani
- Colonel Leo J. Meyer
- Colonel Robert Nett
- Colonel Frank Norton
- Colonel Alan Reich
- Colonel Rick Rescorla
- Colonel Archibald D. Scott III
- Colonel Carolyn R. Sharpe
- Colonel Robert F. Staake
- Colonel John Ionoff
- Colonel Frank Harman
- Lieutenant Colonel Don C. Faith, Jr.
- Lieutenant Colonel Wilbur A. "Sid" Sidney
- Major Dick Winters, subject of the television miniseries Band of Brothers
- Lieutenant Jimmie Monteith
- Lieutenant Thomas Wigle
- Lieutenant Donald Prell, venture capitalist and futurist
Asociación de Antiguos Alumnos de OCS del Ejército de EE. UU.
The United States Army Officer Candidate Schools Alumni Association (USAOCSAA) :[32] is the alumni association for the United States Army Officer Candidate Schools (OCS) past, present, and future regardless of location and includes Army National Guard OCS. It is incorporated in the State of Georgia as a 501 C(19) not for profit, war veterans organization. It is led by 13 directors, all graduates, 5 of which form the executive committee. The executive committee is led by the president and chief executive officer, who acts as the executive director. The current president and chief executive officer is Colonel (Ret.) Frank L Harman III.
The mission of the association is to serve and honor the OCS program and its graduates; and its purpose is to further the ideals and promote the welfare of the Officer Candidate Schools, the Officer Corps and the US Army.
USAOCSAA supports the OCS Battalion and the OCS Program by sponsoring each OCS class with resources to assist with class events and graduation awards. USAOCSAA also sponsors major events, annual awards, and ceremonies and facilities on the OCS campus which include the Annual OCS Alumni Reunion, the Patterson Award, the OCS Hall of Fame, the OCS Memorial Walk and the OCS Heritage Center in Wigle Hall. USAOCSAA acknowledges and recognizes alumni and cadre with monuments in the OCS Memorial Walk, Decorating National War memorials in the National Mall and the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Award of the Order of Saint Maurice, distinguished and honorary members of the 11th Infantry Regiment and the annual Colonel Robert Nett Award. USAOCSAA communicates with its members and educates the public on the vital role of OCS by operating the USAOCSAA Web Site [OCSalumni.org] and provides articles to national publications, as well as provides a Quarterly Newsletter and Bi-Weekly Email Updates to its members.
Colonel Robert Nett Award
The purpose of the Nett Award is "to remember and continue to honor the service of Colonel Robert B. Nett to our country, the Army, and the OCS program" and "to recognize and honor annually an OCS Hall of Fame or OCS Alumni Association member or current and former cadre who has provided superior support and advocacy to the OCS program". The Nett Award is presented by the USAOCSAA president and the Senior Maneuver Center representative at the USAOCSAA alumni dinner.[33]
The criterion is: "the nominee, through years of continued service, support, and action, best represents and has contributed to the OCS Alumni Association mission and purpose".
Recipients
Recipients of the award are as follows:[34]
- 2017 – Colonel John Ionoff
- 2018 – Colonel Frank Harman
- 2019 – Lieutenant Colonel Edgar S. Burroughs
- 2020 – Captain Danny Leifel
- 2021 – Colonel Thomas Evans
OCS Alma Mater
The school's alma mater is:[35]
Far across the Chattahoochee
To the Upatoi
OCS our Alma Mater
Benning’s pride and joy!
Forward ever backward never
Faithfully we strive
To the ports of embarkation
Follow me with pride.
When it's time and we are called
To guard our country's might
We'll be there with our heads held high
in peacetime and in fight.
Yearning ever, failing never
To guard the memory
The call is clear, we must meet the task
For freedom’s never free!
Ver también
- Military academy
- Air Force Officer Training School
- Officer Candidate School
- Noncommissioned officer candidate course
- Officer Candidates School (United States Marine Corps)
- Officer Candidate School (United States Navy)
- Training and Doctrine Command
- Warrant Officer Candidate School (United States Army)
Referencias
- ^ In this case, Inter-Service Transfer refers to enlisted members of the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy, or U.S. Marine Corps transferring to the U.S. Army to attend OCS.
- ^ "OCS Branch Descriptions" (PDF). Fort Benning Maneuver Center of Excellence. 9 January 2018.
- ^ "Service Obligation". U.S. Merchant Marine Academy. 27 January 2013.
- ^ Army Regulation 614–120 Interservice Transfer of Army Commissioned Officers on the Active Duty List para 2–5 Application of officers of other uniformed services
- ^ 199th Infantry Brigade[permanent dead link]
- ^ ATRRS Course Catalog Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "3-11 Infantry Battalion (IBOLC) Change of Command".
- ^ "Artillery OCS Memories". Artillery OCS Alumni. Archived from the original on 16 January 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
- ^ a b Belmont, Larry. "Skylighters, The Web Site of the 225th AAA Searchlight Battalion: Coast Artillery and AA Artillery -- An Overview". www.skylighters.org.
- ^ "Signal Corps Officer Candidate School Association". www.armysignalocs.com.
- ^ a b OCS History Archived 17 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Hoya Battalion History Archived 4 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c Women's Army Corps Chapter I "The Women's Army Corps, 1942–1945" Archived 9 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Integration of the Armed Forces: 1940–1965 Chapter 2 "World War II: The Army" Archived 27 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "More Military Women Firsts and Accomplishments". userpages.aug.com.
- ^ "Chapter V: Officer Procurement and Career Development" Archived 12 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine Women's Army Corps
- ^ a b c "OCS History Web :: Army Museum : Engineer OCS". www.ocshistory.org.
- ^ "OCS History Web :: Army Museum : AAA OCS". www.ocshistory.org.
- ^ a b "When the Nation Called a Third Time - Army Officer Candidate School at Fort Knox, Kentucky: The Vietnam Era" Archived 15 January 2015 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Army Regulation 601–210: Active and Reserve Components Enlistment Program" (PDF). www.army.mil. Department of the Army. 12 March 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 June 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
- ^ U.S. Army Maneuver Center of Excellence: Officer Candidate School (OCS), Administrative Information: History Archived 17 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
- ^ Academics: OSC SOP Archived 17 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Chapter 1. Orientation, Para, 1-4 Course Overview, Subpara. b. Program of Instruction (POI) (p.6) as well as parts of Chapters 2 through 6.
- ^ Academics: OSC SOP Archived 17 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Chapter 5. Discipline and Policies, Para. 5-5. Alcohol and Tobacco (p.20) & Para. 5-21. Telephones (p.21), and Appendix G Unauthorized Items, Para. G-1. Unauthorized items, Line 6. Alcohol, and Para. G-2. Restricted Use items, Line 8. Cellular phones. (p.49).
- ^ Academics: OCS SOP Archived 17 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Chapter 1. Orientation, Para, 1-4 Course Overview, Subpara. a. General (p. 6) and Administrative Information: Welcome.
- ^ Oregon National Guard, Officer Programs, Officer Candidate School (OCS) Archived 4 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
- ^ Oregon National Guard, Op. cit., Basic Eligibility Requirements.
- ^ "Leadership course for new lieutenants nixed - Army News - News from A…". 17 January 2013. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 19 July 2007. Retrieved 2 June 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Fort Benning | Officer Candidate School". www.benning.army.mil. 18 December 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ^ a b "OCS Hall of Honor". National Infantry Museum.
- ^ "OCS Alumni Association". www.ocsalumni.org.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "OCS Alumni Association". www.ocsalumni.org. Retrieved 2 June 2019.
- ^ Aaron, Phyllis (9 May 2019). "Nett Award Winners" (PDF). www.ocsalumni.org. Retrieved 2 June 2019.
- ^ "United States Army Infantry Office Candidate School Yearbook [class of November 1967]" (PDF). www.benning.army.mil. 14 October 2016. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2017. Retrieved 2 June 2019.
enlaces externos
- ArmySignalOCS.com – U.S. Army Signal Corps OCS Association
- Official Army OCS Website – Officer Candidate School
- 11th Infantry Regiment: OCS History
- ArmyOCS.com
- History of the 199th Light Infantry Brigade (Separate)
- The Army OCS Alumni Website – Army Officer Candidate School Alumni
- Artillery Officer Candidate School Alumni