| Hero of the Russian FederationGeneral of the ArmySergei Shoigu | |
|---|---|
Сергей Шойгу | |
 Official portrait, 2014 | |
| Minister of Defence | |
| Assumed office 6 November 2012 | |
| President | Vladimir Putin |
| Prime Minister | Dmitry Medvedev Mikhail Mishustin |
| Preceded by | Anatoliy Serdyukov |
| Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS | |
| Assumed office 11 December 2012 | |
| Preceded by | Anatoliy Serdyukov |
| Governor of Moscow Oblast | |
| In office 11 May 2012 – 6 November 2012 | |
| Deputy | Ruslan Tsalikov |
| Preceded by | Boris Gromov |
| Succeeded by | Ruslan Tsalikov (acting) |
| Leader of United Russia | |
| In office 1 December 2001 – 27 November 2004 Serving with Yury Luzhkov and Mintimer Shaimiev | |
| Preceded by | Party established |
| Succeeded by | Boris Gryzlov |
| Deputy Prime Minister of Russia | |
| In office 10 January 2000 – 18 May 2000 | |
| Prime Minister | Vladimir Putin Mikhail Kasyanov (acting) |
| Leader of Unity | |
| In office 15 October 1999 – 1 December 2001 | |
| Minister of Emergency Situations | |
| In office 17 April 1991 – 11 May 2012 | |
| President | |
| Prime Minister | List
|
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Vladimir Puchkov |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoygu 21 May 1955 Chadan, Tuvan Autonomous Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Political party | Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1977-1991) Independent (1991–1995) Our Home-Russia (1995–1999) Unity (1999–2001) United Russia (2001–present) |
| Spouse(s) | Irina Shoygu |
| Children | Yuliya Shoygu Kseniya Shoygu |
| Alma mater | Krasnoyarsk Polytechnical Institute |
| Awards | Hero of the Russian Federation Order of St. Andrew (with swords) |
| Signature | |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |
|
| Branch/service | Military Council of the Civil Defence Troops |
| Years of service | 1991–present |
| Rank | General of the Army |
Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoigu[1] (Russian: Сергей Кужугетович Шойгу, [sʲirˈɡʲɛj kuʐuˈɡʲɛtəvit͡ɕ ʂɐjˈɡu], Tuvan: Сергей Күжүгет оглу Шойгу, romanized: Sergej Kyƶyget oglu Șojgu, [sʲirˈɡʲɛj kyʒyˈɣɛt ɔˈɣlu ʃɔjˈɣu]; born 21 May 1955) is a Russian politician and General of the Army who has served as Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS since 2012.
Previously, Shoigu was Minister of Emergency Situations from 1991 to 2012, and briefly served as Governor of Moscow Oblast in 2012. Shoygu holds the military rank of General of the Army.
Early life and education[edit]
Shoigu was born on 21 May 1955 in Chadan, Republic of Tyva, to an ethnic Tuvan father, Shoygu Kuzhuget (1921-2010) and a Ukrainian-born Russian mother, Alexandra Yakovlevna Shoygu (1924-2011), who was a member of the Tyvas People's Deputy Regional Council. He graduated from School No. 1 of Kyzyl city in Tyva Republic.[2]
In 1977, Shoigu graduated from the Krasnoyarsk Polytechnic Institute with a degree in civil engineering. Following graduation in 1977, Shoygu worked in the construction projects nationwide for the next decade, advancing from low levels to become an executive. In 1988, Shoygu became a minor functionary in the Abakan branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and then in Komsomol for a few years. In 1990, Shoygu moved to Moscow from Siberia, and was appointed Deputy Chief of State Architecture and Construction Committee of the Russian Federation.[3]
Minister of Emergency Situations[edit]
In 1991, he was appointed the head of Rescuer Corps, which was later given more responsibilities and renamed first to the State Committee on Emergencies, and eventually to the Ministry of Emergency Situations, making Shoygu a government minister. He became popular because of his hands-on management style and high visibility during emergency situations, such as floods, earthquakes and acts of terrorism. In 1999 he became one of the leaders of the Russian pro-government party Unity. He was awarded Russia's most prestigious state award – Hero of the Russian Federation – in 1999.
Governor of Moscow Oblast[edit]
In March 2012, he was announced as one of the potential candidates for the Governor of Moscow Oblast.[4] On 5 April 2012, he was elected by Moscow Oblast Duma (legislature) as the 3rd Governor of Moscow Oblast, and took office on 11 May 2012.[5]
Minister of Defence[edit]
On 6 November 2012, Shoigu was appointed Minister of Defence by Putin. According to expert Sergey Smirnov, the so called "Petersburg group" siloviki of Sergei Ivanov, Sergey Chemezov and Viktor Ivanov had wanted one of its associates to succeed Anatoliy Serdyukov, but Putin was reluctant to strengthen the clan and opted for a neutral Shoigu.[6]
On 7 November 2012, the minister decided to resurrect the tradition of Suvorov and Nakhimov cadets participating in the 9 May parade. In July 2013 Shoygu ordered commanders to begin every morning in the barracks with a rendition of the Russian Anthem, to compile an obligatory military-patriotic book reading list and take the preparation of demob albums under their control.[7] In August that year he ordered to dress all Defense Ministry civilian workers, other staff and management employees in so-called "office suits".[8]
In February 2014, Shoigu said Russia was planning to sign agreements with Vietnam, Cuba, Venezuela, Nicaragua, the Seychelles, Singapore and several other countries either to house permanent military bases and/or to house airplane refuel stations in those countries.[9] Since then, only an agreement with Vietnam was effectively signed.[10]
In July 2014, Ukraine opened a criminal case against Shoigu; he was accused of helping to form "illegal military groups" in Eastern Ukraine who at the time fought against the Ukrainian army.[11]
On 30 September 2015, Russia began a military operation in Syria. The operation was carried out by the Russian Aerospace Forces, with the support of the Russian Navy.
Shoygu was reappointed in 2018 (in Medvedev second government) and 2020 (in Mishustin government).
In September 2019, Shoigu in an interview for a Russian mass-circulation tabloid said, "By dint of enormous efforts undertaken by the country's leadership and the leadership of the Ministry of Defence, we have made our army what it is today — an army of permanent combat readiness. All the units we now have are units of permanent readiness."[12]
As defence minister, Shoigu on multiple occasions accompanied Putin during week-end breaks that the pair would spend at undisclosed locations in Siberian countryside. Following one such trip on 21 March 2021,[13] Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty aired a regular Russian-language programme that was titled Putin and Shoigu: History of Love[14]
Defender-Europe 21, one of the largest U.S.-Army, NATO-led military exercises in Europe in decades, began in mid-March 2021 and will last until June 2021. It will include "nearly simultaneous operations across more than 30 training areas" in Estonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Kosovo and other countries.[15][16] In April 2021, Shoigu said that Russia has deployed troops to its western borders for "combat training exercises" in response to NATO "military activities that threaten Russia."[17]
Views[edit]
In September 2019, Shoygu in an interview for a Russian mass-circulation tabloid said, "By dint of enormous efforts undertaken by the country's leadership and the leadership of the Ministry of Defence, we have made our army what it is today — an army of permanent combat readiness. All the units we now have are units of permanent readiness."[18]
Let me express my opinion even more boldly. If the West continued to act as it started to act in Gorbachev times — fulfilled all its promises, did not bring NATO closer and closer to our borders, did not expand its influence in our “near abroad”, did not meddle into the internal affairs of our country — then, it seems to me, they would have accomplished everything. They would have accomplished the task they have chosen — to destroy and to enslave our country, as they actually did with the “young Europeans” and with the former Soviet republics.
Personal life[edit]
Family[edit]
Father — Kuzhuget Sereevich Shoygu[19] (1921–2010) (born Shoygu Seree oglu Kuzhuget, his name order was changed because of passport error), editor of the regional newspaper, later worked in the Party and for the Soviet authorities, was the secretary of the Tuva Party Committee and retired with the rank of first deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Tuva ASSR. Also he led the Tuvan State Archives and spent six years as editor of the newspaper Pravda; wrote the novels "Time and People", "Feather black vulture" (2001), "Tannu Tuva: the country of lakes and blue rivers" (2004).
Mother — Alexandra Yakovlevna Shoygu (née Kudryavtseva) (1924–2011). Born in the village of Yakovlev in the Oryol Oblast. From there, shortly before the war, her family moved to Kadievka (now Stakhanov) in the Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine. A zootechnician, Honored Worker of Agriculture of the Republic of Tuva, until 1979 - Head of the Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic, was repeatedly elected deputy of the Supreme Soviet (parliament) of the Tuva ASSR.[20]
Granduncle — Seren Kuzhuget, commander of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Army from 1929 to 1938.[21]
Sisters — Larisa Kuzhugetovna Shoygu (1953) (deputy of the State Duma) and Irina Zakharova (1960) (psychiatrist).[22]
Wife — Irina Alexandrovna Shoygu (née Antipina). She is a President of the business tourism company Expo-EM.
Daughters — Yulia[23] (1977) and Ksenia (1991).[22] According to Alexei Navalny, Ksenia is suspected to be a figurehead of her father in the ownership of a palace in the outskirts of Moscow, valued at about £12 million. In 2012, the estate was transferred to the formal ownership of one Yelena Antipina.[24]
Hobbies[edit]
Sergey Shoygu enjoys studying the history of Russia of Peter the Great's time and 1812–1825 (French invasion of Russia and the Decembrist revolt).[25]
Shoygu is fond of sports and is a fan of the CSKA Moscow hockey team. He also enjoys football and is a fan of Spartak Moscow. In March 2016, together with Sergey Lavrov, Shoygu presented the Russia People's Soccer League, with aims to unite fans of the sport from all over Russia.
Shoygu collects Indian, Chinese, and Japanese swords and daggers. He also enjoys bard songs and plays the guitar. He does water color paintings and graphics. He also enjoys collecting old pieces of wood, some of which he has shown to Putin.[26][27][28]
He is fluent in 9 languages that include Russian, English, Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, and Turkish.[29]
Awards[edit]
- Order of St Andrew with swords
- Hero of the Russian Federation
- Order of Merit for the Fatherland 1st class
- Order of Merit for the Fatherland 2nd class
- Order of Merit for the Fatherland 3rd class
- Order of Alexander Nevsky
- Order of Honour
- Order for Personal Courage (USSR)
- Medal "For the Return of Crimea"
- Medal Defender of a Free Russia
- Medal "In Commemoration of the 850th Anniversary of Moscow"
- Medal "In Commemoration of the 300th Anniversary of Saint Petersburg"
- Medal "In Commemoration of the 1000th Anniversary of Kazan"
- Three Medals "For Strengthening Military Cooperation" (Ministry of Defence)
- Medal "For Diligence in Engineering Tasks" (Ministry of Defence)
- Medal "200 Years of the Ministry of Defence" (Ministry of Defence)
- Medal of Great Awareness in Geo-political Affairs (Foreign Ministry)
- Medal "200 Years of the Ministry of Internal Affairs" (MVD)
- Medal "For Merit of the Stavropol Territory"
- Honoured Rescue Worker of the Russian Federation
- Order of Rightitude (Ministry of Internal Affairs – for services to being correct on the territory of the Russian Federation)
- Order of "Merit of the Altai Territory"
- Honorary Citizen of the Kemerov Oblast
- Order "Danaker" (Kyrgyzstan)
- Order of Friendship (Kazakhstan)[30]
- Order of the Serbian Flag 1st class
References[edit]
- ^ Sergei Shoigu
- ^ "Первой школе Кызыла - 95 лет". Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- ^ 0divider. "Сергей Шойгу · Биография". Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- ^ Shoigu Tipped as Next Moscow Region Governor, The Moscow Times.
- ^ "Murmansk Governor Out, New Moscow Region Governor In - News". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- ^ "Министр обороны Сергей Шойгу на новом посту рискует растерять свой высокий рейтинг". Газета.Ru. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- ^ "Ъ-Огонек - Новая летопись военного строительства". Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- ^ Golts on Shoygu's Tenure (Part II), September 2014, Russian Defense Policy Blog.
- ^ Sputnik (26 February 2014). "Russia Seeks Several Military Bases Abroad – Defense Minister". Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- ^ David Brunnstrom (8 March 2015). "U.S. asks Vietnam to stop helping Russian bomber flights". Reuters. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
- ^ "Ukraine calls businessman and Russian defense minister 'accomplices of terrorists'". WQAD.com. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- ^ Сергей Шойгу рассказал, как спасали российскую армию. Moskovskij Komsomolets, 22 September 2009.
- ^ Trip to Siberian Federal District Kremlin.ru, 21 March 2021.
- ^ Rykovtseva, Yelena (22 March 2021). "Путин и Шойгу: история любви". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
- ^ "Massive, Army-led NATO exercise Defender Europe kicks off". Army Times. 15 March 2021.
- ^ "NATO, US to stage large-scale military exercises around Serbia until summer". Euractiv. 22 March 2021.
- ^ "Germany Says Russia Seeking To 'Provoke' With Troop Buildup At Ukraine's Border". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 14 April 2021.
- ^ Сергей Шойгу рассказал, как спасали российскую армию. Moskovskij Komsomolets, 22 September 2009.
- ^ "Государственный деятель Тувы Кужугет Шойгу похоронен в Москве". Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- ^ "Мать Сергея Шойгу стала заслуженным работником сельского хозяйства Тувы - ИА REGNUM". Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- ^ https://meduza.io/amp/en/feature/2020/10/24/yesterday-s-gone
- ^ a b "Высокопоставленные родственники. Полпреды - Slon.ru". Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- ^ "Родня во власти". 24 September 2007. p. 30. Retrieved 25 December 2016 – via Kommersant.
- ^ "Russia's defence minister 'secretly builds £12 million palace', say campaigners". The Telegraph. 29 October 2015. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
- ^ "Шойгу Сергей Кужугетович". Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- ^ "Константин Ремчуков: Герой России Сергей Шойгу". Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- ^ "Тайна шкатулки губернатора". Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- ^ https://twitter.com/marcbennetts1/status/1373651924566827009
- ^ http://siberiantimes.com/other/others/news/n0677-rare-pictures-show-defence-minister-relaxing-with-one-of-his-many-hobbies/
- ^ "President of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev receives Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Sergei Shoigu — Official site of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan". Akorda.kz. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
External links[edit]
- Media related to Sergey Shoigu at Wikimedia Commons
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Position established | Minister of Emergency Situations 1991–2012 | Succeeded by Vladimir Puchkov |
| Preceded by Boris Gromov | Governor of Moscow Oblast 2012 | Succeeded by Andrey Vorobyov acting |
| Preceded by Anatoliy Serdyukov | Minister of Defence 2012–present | Incumbent |
| Party political offices | ||
| New office | Leader of United Russia 2001–2005 | Succeeded by Boris Gryzlov |
