Coordenadas : 41 ° 54′12 ″ N 12 ° 30′57 ″ E / 41.90333°N 12.51583°E
Sapienza - Università di Roma ( italiano ) | |
Latín : Studium Urbis | |
Lema | Il futuro è passato qui |
---|---|
Lema en inglés | El futuro ha pasado aquí |
Tipo | Público |
Establecido | 1303 |
Rector | Dra. Antonella Polimeni |
Personal administrativo | 8.000 |
Estudiantes | 112,564 [1] |
Localización | Roma , Italia |
Instalaciones | Urbano |
Colores | [2] Rojo pompeyano y dorado [3] |
Atletismo | CUS Roma |
Afiliaciones | Planificación del Desarrollo Territorial Europeo , Asociación de un Grupo Europeo de Universidades Aeronáuticas y Espaciales , CINECA , Red Santander , Red Institucional de Universidades de las Capitales de Europa , Unión de Universidades del Mediterráneo . |
Sitio web | uniroma1.it |
La Universidad Sapienza de Roma (en italiano : Sapienza - Università di Roma ), también llamada simplemente Sapienza [4] [a] o la Universidad de Roma , es una universidad de investigación que se encuentra en Roma, Italia. Formalmente conocida como Università degli Studi di Roma " La Sapienza ", es una de las universidades europeas más grandes por matrículas [5] y una de las más antiguas de la historia , fundada en 1303. La Universidad es una de las universidades italianas más prestigiosas y en mundial, comúnmente ocupando el primer lugar en las clasificaciones nacionales y en el sur de Europa. [6]En 2018, 2019 y 2021 ocupó el primer lugar en el mundo en clásicos e historia antigua. [7] [8]
La mayor parte de la clase dominante italiana estudió en Sapienza. [9] Sapienza educó a numerosos alumnos notables, incluidos muchos premios Nobel, presidentes del Parlamento Europeo y comisarios europeos, jefes de varias naciones, figuras religiosas notables, científicos y astronautas. [10] En septiembre de 2018, se incluyó en el top 100 del ranking de empleabilidad de graduados de QS World University Rankings . [11]
Historia [ editar ]
Esta sección necesita citas adicionales para su verificación . Abril de 2016 ) ( Obtenga información sobre cómo y cuándo eliminar este mensaje de plantilla ) ( |
La Universidad Sapienza de Roma fue fundada en 1303 con la bula papal In Supremae praeminentia Dignitatis , emitida el 20 de abril de 1303 por el Papa Bonifacio VIII , como un Studium para estudios eclesiásticos más bajo su control que las universidades de Bolonia y Padua , [12] por lo que la primera universidad pontificia.
En 1431, el Papa Eugenio IV reorganizó por completo el studium con la bula In supremae , en la que concedió a maestros y estudiantes por igual los privilegios más amplios posibles y decretó que la universidad debería incluir las cuatro escuelas de derecho, medicina, filosofía y teología. Introdujo un nuevo impuesto sobre el vino para recaudar fondos para la universidad; el dinero se utilizó para comprar un palacio que luego albergó la iglesia de Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza .
Sin embargo, los días de esplendor de la Universidad llegaron a su fin durante el saqueo de Roma en 1527, cuando el studium se cerró y los profesores se dispersaron, y algunos fueron asesinados. El Papa Pablo III restauró la universidad poco después de su ascensión al pontificado en 1534.
En la década de 1650, la universidad se conoció como Sapienza, que significa sabiduría, título que conserva. En 1703, el Papa Clemente XI compró con sus fondos privados un terreno en el Janículo , donde hizo un jardín botánico, que pronto se convirtió en el más célebre de Europa gracias a la labor de los hermanos Trionfetti. La primera historia completa de la Universidad Sapienza fue escrita en 1803-1806 por Filippo Maria Renazzi . [13]
Los estudiantes universitarios se animaron nuevamente durante el renacimiento italiano del siglo XIX. En 1870, La Sapienza dejó de ser la universidad papal y se convirtió en la universidad de la capital de Italia. En 1935 se completó el nuevo campus universitario, proyectado por Marcello Piacentini .
El 15 de enero de 2008, el Vaticano canceló una visita prevista a la Universidad La Sapienza del Papa Benedicto XVI, que iba a hablar en la ceremonia universitaria de inauguración del año académico 2008 [14] debido a las protestas de algunos estudiantes y profesores. [15] El título del discurso habría sido "La verdad nos hace buenos y la bondad es la verdad". [16] Algunos estudiantes y profesores protestaron en reacción a un discurso de 1990 que pronunció el Papa Benedicto XVI (entonces cardenal Joseph Ratzinger) en el que, en su opinión, respaldaba las acciones de la Iglesia contra Galileo en 1633. [14]
Campus [ editar ]
La Universidad Sapienza tiene muchos campus en Roma, pero su campus principal es la Città Universitaria (ciudad universitaria), que cubre 44 ha (110 acres) cerca de la estación Roma Tiburtina . La universidad tiene campus satélites fuera de Roma, el principal de los cuales está en Latina .
En 2011 se lanzó un proyecto para construir un campus con residencias cerca de la estación de Pietralata , en colaboración con la región de Lazio . [17] Para hacer frente al número cada vez mayor de solicitantes, el rector también aprobó un nuevo plan para ampliar la Città Universitaria , reasignar oficinas y ampliar facultades, así como crear nuevos campus para acoger a estudiantes locales y extranjeros.
La Biblioteca de la Universidad de Alessandrina [18] ( Biblioteca Universitaria Alessandrina ), construida en 1667 por el Papa Alejandro VII , es la biblioteca principal que alberga 1,5 millones de volúmenes; tiene algunas colecciones importantes como la collezione ciceroniana y el Fondo Festa .
Puntos de interés [ editar ]
- Orto Botanico dell'Università di Roma "La Sapienza" , un jardín botánico
- Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza
- San Pietro in Vincoli : el claustro forma parte de la Escuela de Ingeniería
- Villa Mirafiori : un palacio neorrenacentista construido durante el siglo XIX, algunas habitaciones están decoradas con hermosos frescos. El Departamento de Filosofía se encuentra en este edificio.
Académicos [ editar ]
Desde la reforma de 2011, la Universidad Sapienza de Roma tiene once facultades y 65 departamentos. Hoy la Sapienza, con 140.000 estudiantes y 8.000 entre el personal académico y técnico y administrativo, es la universidad más grande de Italia. La universidad cuenta con programas de investigación significativos en los campos de la ingeniería, ciencias naturales , ciencias biomédicas y las humanidades . Ofrece 10 programas de maestría impartidos íntegramente en inglés.
Clasificación [ editar ]
Rankings universitarios | |
---|---|
Global - General | |
Mundo ARWU [19] | 151-200 (2020) |
Mundo CWUR [20] | 114 (2020-2021) |
Mundo CWTS [21] | 81 (2020) |
QS World [22] | 171 (2021) |
EL Mundo [23] | 201–250 (2021) |
USNWR Global [24] | = 114 (2021) |
A partir del Ranking Académico de Universidades del Mundo (ARWU) de 2016, Sapienza se encuentra dentro del grupo de universidades 151-200 y entre el 3% de las mejores universidades del mundo. [25] [26]
In 2018, the subject Classics and Ancient history of Sapienza is ranked the 1st in the world by QS World University Rankings by subject.[27] As the same ranking, the subject Archaeology ranks the 9th.[28]
In 2016, the Center for World University Rankings ranked the Sapienza University of Rome as the 90th in the world and the top in Italy in its World University Rankings.[29]
According to the QS Graduate Employability Ranking 2020, Sapienza places first amongst Italian universities for the indicator on Alumni Outcomes thanks to the number of university graduates employed in large companies and in managerial positions.[30]
Admission[edit]
To cope with the large demand for admission to the university courses, some faculties hold a series of entrance examinations. The entrance test often decides which candidates will have access to the undergraduate course. For some faculties, the entrance test is only a mean through which the administration acknowledges the students' level of preparation. Students that do not pass the test can still enroll in their chosen degree courses but have to pass an additional exam during their first year.
Notable people[edit]
Some of the notable alumni and professors[edit]
Picture | Alumni and professors | Academic degree | Note | Awards |
---|---|---|---|---|
Maria Montessori | Natural sciences | Founder of the Montessori method of education, regarded to be one of the most influential female physicians | ||
Federico Fellini | Law | One of the most important filmmakers of the 20th century | Academy Honorary Award, European Film Awards | |
Evangelista Torricelli | Physics | Inventor of the barometer. He made significant contributions in optics and on the method of indivisibles. | ||
Enrico Fermi | Physics | Physicist, colleague and close friend of Ettore Majorana. A key figure in the creation of the atomic bomb, he discovered: new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, controlled nuclear chain reaction. He is also known for the Fermi–Dirac statistics and the theory of beta decay | Nobel Prize in Physics (1938)[31] | |
Emilio Gino Segrè | Physics | Physicist, colleague and close friend of Ettore Majorana. A key figure in the creation of the atomic bomb, he helped discover the antiproton and the elements astatine, and technetium | Nobel Prize in Physics (1959) | |
Daniel Bovet | Psychobiology | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1957) for his discovery of drugs that block the actions of specific neurotransmitters. He is best known for his discovery in 1937 of antihistamines, which block the neurotransmitter histamine and are used in allergy medication | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1957) | |
Ennio de Giorgi | Mathematics | Mathematician, who worked on partial differential equations. He solved Bernstein's problem about minimal surfaces. He solved Hilbert's nineteenth problem on the regularity of solutions of elliptic partial differential equation. | Caccioppoli Prize (1960), Wolf Prize (1990) | |
Umberto Guidoni | Astrophysics | European Space Agency and Italian Space Agency astronaut (ESA/ASI) and a veteran of two NASA space shuttle missions | ||
Mario Draghi | Economics | Prime Minister of Italy (2021-present). President of the European Central Bank. Governor for Italy on the Boards of Governors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Asian Development Bank. Ex governor of the Bank of Italy. Ex Italian Executive Director at the World Bank. Ex director general of the Italian Treasury. Ex vice chairman and managing director of Goldman Sachs International | ||
Sergio Balanzino | Law | Deputy Secretary General of NATO. Two times NATO General Secretary | ||
Antonio Tajani | Law | President of the European Parliament. Former European Commissioner for Industry and Entrepreneurship | ||
Federica Mogherini | Political Science | High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy | ||
Sergio Mattarella | Law | 12th President of Italy | ||
Vito Volterra | Mathematical physics | Mathematician and physicist, known for the theory of integral equations and the Lotka–Volterra equations | ||
Gabriele d'Annunzio | Literature | Poet, journalist, playwright, soldier, politician. He was part of the literary movement called the Decadent movement. | ||
Bernardo Bertolucci | Modern literature | Film director and screenwriter, whose films include The Conformist, Last Tango in Paris, 1900, The Last Emperor, The Sheltering Sky and The Dreamers | 2 Nastro d'Argento Best Director, Academy Award for Best Director, Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, Golden Globe Award for Best Director, Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay, David di Donatello for Best Director, David di Donatello for Best Script, Golden Lion for his career at the Venice Film Festival, Honorary Palme d'Or at Cannes Film Festival | |
Charles Ponzi | Business (not completed) | Known for the fraudulent business scheme named after him, the Ponzi scheme | ||
Enrico Giovannini | Economics, Statistics | Italian Minister of Labor and Social Policies, President of the Italian Statistical Institute (Istat). Chief Statistician and Director of the Statistics Directorate of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris. Professor of Economic Statistics. | ||
Abdirashid Ali Shermarke | Political Science | 1st Prime Minister of Somalia and 2nd President of Somalia | ||
Luca Cordero di Montezemolo | Accounting | Chairman of Ferrari, president of Confindustria, president of Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori (NTV). He was also the Chairman of Fiat S.p.A. from 2004 to 2010. | ||
Ignazio Visco | Economics | Governor of the Banca d'Italia (Bank of Italy) | ||
Massimiliano Fuksas | Architecture | Architect | Grand Prix d'Architecture Française (1999), Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres de la République Française (2000), Honorary Fellowship of the American Institute of Architects (2002), Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Institute of British Architects (2006) | |
Carlo Verdone | Modern literature | Prominent actor, screenwriter and film director. | ||
Paolo Gentiloni | Political Science | Italian Prime Minister from December 2016 to June 2018 | and European Commissioner in the Von der Leyen Commission since September 2019 | |
Giorgio Gaja | Law | Elected in 2011 as a judge of the International Court of Justice | ||
Pier Carlo Padoan | Economics | Deputy Secretary General at the OECD in Paris, and their chief economist. OECD 's G20 Finance Deputy, leads the initiatives 'Strategic Response', 'Green Growth' and 'Innovation'. Italy's finance minister | ||
Giuseppe Conte | Politics | Former Prime Minister of Italy and leader of the 5 Stars Movement | ||
Maria Fidecaro | Physics | An experimental physicist with a focus on particle physics. She has spent most of her career at CERN, where she today has the status of honorary member of the personnel. |
Faculty and staff[edit]
Among the prominent scholars who have taught at the Sapienza University of Rome are architects Ernesto Basile and Bruno Zevi; chemist Emanuele Paternò; jurists Antonio Salandra, Sabino Cassese and Giuliano Amato; mathematician Vito Volterra; pharmacologist and Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine Daniel Bovet; chemist and Nobel Laureate Giulio Natta; philosophers Luigi Ferri and Augusto Del Noce; physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics Enrico Fermi; political scientist Roberto Forges Davanzati
- Carlo Costamagna
- Cardinal Mazarin
- Mario Oriani-Ambrosini
- Corrado Gini, statistician
- Lucio Bini and Ugo Cerletti, psychiatrists
- Corrado Böhm, computer scientist
- Benedetto Castelli, mathematician
- Andrea Cesalpino, physician and botanist
- Federigo Enriques, mathematician
- Maria Montessori, physician and paedagogist
- Paola S. Timiras, biologist
- Barnaba Tortolini, mathematician
- Andrea Zitolo, physical-chemist
- Edoardo Amaldi
- Oscar D'Agostino
- Ettore Majorana
- Bruno Pontecorvo
- Franco Rasetti
- Giovanni Battista Beccaria
- Giovanni Jona-Lasinio
- Luciano Maiani
- Domenico Pacini
- Antonio Signorini
- Nicola Cabibbo, President of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
- Cora Sternberg
- Carlo Franzinetti, physicist
- Alessandro Piccolo (agricultural scientist), Professor at University of Naples Federico II, Humboldt Prize in Chemistry
Humanities[edit]
- Glauco Benigni, Author, journalist
- Anna Maria Bisi, archaeologist
- Cesare Borgia, Cardinal, condottiero and politician of the 15th century
- Piero Boitani, literary critic, writer and academic
- Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina, jurisconsult
- Silvia Berti, historian
- Lazarus Buonamici, renaissance humanist
- Umberto Cassuto, Hebrew language and Bible scholar
- Marcel Danesi, language scientist
- Carlo Innocenzio Maria Frugoni, poet
- Count Angelo de Gubernatis, orientalist
- Predrag Matvejević, writer and academic
- Santo Mazzarino, leading historian of ancient Rome and ancient Greece
- Giuseppe Tucci, orientalist
- Mario Liverani, orientalist
- Paolo Matthiae, director of the archeological expedition of Ebla
- Antonio Nibby, archaeologist
- Diego Laynez, second general of the Society of Jesus;
- Giulio Mazzarino, politician and cardinal
- Alessandro Roncaglia, economist
- Giulio Salvadori, literary critic and poet
- Giuseppe Scaraffia, literary critic
- Ugo Spirito, philosopher
- Giuseppe Ungaretti, poet
- Bernardino Varisco, philosopher
- Musine Kokalari, Albanian writer
See also[edit]
- European Spatial Development Planning ESDP-Network
- List of medieval universities
Notes[edit]
- ^ Pronounced [saˈpjɛntsa]; Italian for 'knowledge' or 'wisdom'.
References[edit]
- ^ "Anagrafe Nazionale Studenti". miur.it.
- ^ "Sapienza University of Rome – Identity Guidelines". Archived from the original on 25 August 2012.
- ^ "Sapienza University of Rome - Graphic manual" (PDF). June 2007. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
- ^ Official Sapienza University of Rome name and logos writing guidelines Archived 17 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Chi siamo – Sapienza – Università di Roma". uniroma1.it.
- ^ "Sapienza University of Rome Ranking | CWUR 2017". Cwur.org. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ Will Martin. "QS ranking of global universities by excellence in subjects - Business Insider". Businessinsider.fr. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ https://www.wantedinrome.com/news/romes-la-sapienza-rated-top-university-in-the-world-for-classics.html
- ^ Gianna Fregonara. "Università "La Sapienza":sfide, titoli e speranze - Corriere.it". Roma.corriere.it. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ "Sapienza" (PDF). UniRoma. 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
- ^ "QS Graduate Employability Rankings 2019". Top Universities. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ History
- ^ Di Simone, Maria Rosa (1980). La sapienza romana nel Settecento (in Italian). Roma: Edizioni dell'Ateneo.
- ^ a b BBC NEWS | World | Europe | Papal visit scuppered by scholars 15 January 2008
- ^ "The letter of the scientists to the rector of the University" (in Italian). Aprileonline.info. Retrieved 5 July 2012.
- ^ Benedict XVI's Planned Lecture at La Sapienza Archived 8 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine 18 January 2008
- ^ "Pietralata, i lavori del campus inizieranno a fine 2012". paesesera.it (in Italian). Nuovo Paese Sera srl. 27 July 2011. Archived from the original on 1 November 2013. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
- ^ "Home – Biblioteca Universitaria Alessandrina". beniculturali.it.
- ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities – 2020". Shanghai Jiaotong University. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ^ "CWUR World University Rankings - 2020-2021". CWUR. 10 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
- ^ "CWTS Leiden Ranking – 2020". Leiden University. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ^ "QS World University Rankings - 2021". Top Universities. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ^ "World University Rankings 2021". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
- ^ "USNWR World Rankings - 2021". US News & World Report. 19 October 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ^ "Sapienza among Top World Universities – Sapienza – Università di Roma". uniroma1.it.
- ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities – 2016". shanghairanking.com.
- ^ "Classics & Ancient History".
Sapienza University of Rome
- ^ "Archaeology".
Sapienza University of Rome
- ^ "The 2015 edition of the ranking has been released". Center for World University Rankings. 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2016.
- ^ "Sapienza Amongst the Top-100 Universities Worldwide for Graduate Employment | Sapienza Università di Roma". www.uniroma1.it. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
- ^ "Enrico Fermi – Biographical". Nobel Foundation.
External links[edit]
- (in Italian) Sapienza University of Rome Italian Website
- Sapienza University of Rome English Website