Wisconsin Dells es una ciudad en el centro-sur de Wisconsin , con una población de 2.678 personas según el censo de 2010. [8] Se extiende a cuatro condados: Adams , Columbia , Juneau y Sauk . La ciudad toma su nombre de Dells of the Wisconsin River , un desfiladero escénico formado por glaciares que presenta impresionantes formaciones de arenisca a lo largo de las orillas del río Wisconsin . Junto con el cercano pueblo de Lake Delton , la ciudad forma un área conocida como " The Dells ", un popular turista del Medio Oeste. destino. [9]
Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin Kilbourn City | |
---|---|
El centro de Wisconsin Dells mirando al oeste | |
Apodo (s): Los Dells | |
Ubicación de Wisconsin Dells en Wisconsin | |
Wisconsin Dells Ubicación de Wisconsin Dells en Wisconsin | |
Coordenadas: 43.6374 ° N 89.7788 ° W43 ° 38′15 ″ N 89 ° 46′44 ″ W / Coordenadas : 43 ° 38′15 ″ N 89 ° 46′44 ″ W / 43.6374 ° N 89.7788 ° W | |
País | Estados Unidos |
Expresar | Wisconsin |
Condados | Columbia , Sauk , Adams , Juneau |
Fundado | 1857 |
Renombrado | 1931 |
Gobierno | |
• Tipo | Alcalde-consejo |
• Alcalde | Edward Wojnicz |
Área [1] | |
• Total | 8,18 millas cuadradas (21,19 km 2 ) |
• Tierra | 20,30 km 2 (7,84 millas cuadradas ) |
• Agua | 0,34 millas cuadradas (0,89 km 2 ) |
Elevación [2] | 909 pies (277 m) |
Población ( 2010 ) [3] [4] | |
• Total | 2.678 |
• Estimación (2019) [5] | 2,992 |
• Densidad | 381,68 / mi2 (147,37 / km 2 ) |
Zona horaria | UTC-6 ( central ) |
• Verano ( DST ) | UTC-5 (central) |
Código postal | 53965 |
Código (s) de área | 608 |
Código FIPS | 55-88150 [6] |
ID de función GNIS | 1576900 [7] |
Sitio web | www |
Origen del nombre
Origen del nombre
Los primeros exploradores franceses llamaron a los Dells del río Wisconsin como dalles , rápidos o estrechos en un río en francés voyageur . [10]
Historia
Wisconsin Dells fue fundada como Kilbourn City en 1857 por Byron Kilbourn , quien también fundó Kilbourntown, una de las tres ciudades originales en la confluencia de los ríos Milwaukee , Menomonee y Kinnickinnic que se unieron para convertirse en Milwaukee . Antes del establecimiento de Kilbourn City, la región alrededor de los dells del río Wisconsin era principalmente un área maderera hasta 1851, cuando se fletó La Crosse y Milwaukee Railroad, con Kilbourn como su presidente. El ferrocarril hizo planes para tender un puente sobre el río Wisconsin cerca de los dells del río, y una ciudad en auge llamada Newport surgió en el lugar esperado del puente en 1853. La población de esta nueva ciudad aumentó rápidamente a más de 2.000, pero cuando el ferrocarril finalmente llegó el área en 1857 tomó a casi todos por sorpresa al cruzar el río una milla río arriba del sitio de Newport. Como resultado, Newport se convirtió rápidamente en una ciudad fantasma cuando los colonos acudieron en masa a la nueva ciudad en el sitio del puente del ferrocarril, Kilbourn City. La tierra en el punto de cruce era originalmente propiedad de Parley Eaton. Byron Kilbourn compró el terreno de Eaton a un precio reducido ya que todos esperaban que el ferrocarril cruzara en Newport. Sin embargo, Kilbourn luego fue a Madison y presionó al estado para que permitiera que el derecho de paso del ferrocarril se moviera para cruzar en el punto donde él era dueño de la tierra y aumentó considerablemente su valor. Poco a poco, el turismo se convirtió en una gran parte de Kilbourn City. Para facilitar a los turistas la identificación de Kilbourn City con el paisaje natural por el que era famosa, el nombre de la ciudad se cambió a Wisconsin Dells en 1931. A medida que avanzaba el siglo XX, nuevas atracciones comenzaron a atraer aún más turistas.
Turismo
Because of the scenery provided by the dells of the Wisconsin River, Kilbourn City quickly became a popular travel destination in the Midwest. In 1856, Leroy Gates began taking tourists on boat tours of the Wisconsin Dells. These tours were given using wooden rowboats until 1873 when the first steamboat, the Modocawanda, was used. In 1875, early landscape photographer H. H. Bennett established a studio in the city and took many photos of the sandstone formations in the dells, including stereoscopic views. Prints of these photographs were distributed across the United States, further enhancing the status of Kilbourn City as a destination for sightseers. Taking advantage of this, Bennett began offering to take souvenir pictures of visitors to the dells, becoming one of the first to capitalize on the area's burgeoning tourist trade. Today, the H. H. Bennett Studio is an historic site operated by the Wisconsin Historical Society.
The Dells region remained primarily a place for sightseers to escape the bustle of the city for many decades. By 1894, distillate-powered tour boats began to be used. In 1908, the Kilbourn Dam was installed by what is now Alliant Energy, over the protests of people such as H. H. Bennett, separating the Dells into the Upper and Lower Dells.
Since the time of Leroy Gates, the Dells Boat Tours have gone through many operators. Some of the previous companies were The Riverview Boat Line, the Olson Boat Line, the Dells Boat Company, the Consolidated Boat Company, and the Silver Dollar Boat Line.
A few other events of interest took place during this time, including the June 16, 1911 impact of a 772-gram stony meteorite in rural Columbia County near the city, damaging a barn. In 1928 Mr. Clinton Berry established Berry's Dells airport. It occupied sixty acres and was designated on government maps as beacon No. 19. Berry built the airport to carry visitors to the Dells from the surrounding metropolitan areas.[11]
In 1952, a new traveling performance from Chicago called "Tommy Bartlett's Thrill Show" came to Lake Delton on its second stop. Following the show's huge success in the city, its owner, Tommy Bartlett, chose to keep the performance permanently in Wisconsin Dells. To promote the show, Bartlett gave away bumper stickers advertising his thrill show and the city, effectively spreading word about the area across the nation. That tourist attraction closed permanently in 2020.[12]
Soon more attractions followed to serve the ever-increasing tourists, along with many hotels, shops, and restaurants. Today, a large number of water parks are central to the local economy.[13]
Lake Delton, Wisconsin Dells's sister city to the south, gradually became popular as the Dells attractions spread out. The Wonder Spot was founded in Lake Delton in 1952, and remained open until 2006.[14]
Geografía
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 7.73 square miles (20.02 km2), of which, 7.36 square miles (19.06 km2) is land and 0.37 square miles (0.96 km2) is water.[15] According to the Wisconsin Department of Administration,[16] on January 19, 2004 the city annexed land from the Town of Lyndon in Juneau County, thus expanding the city to include area in four counties. It is mostly located in Columbia County.
Ho-Chunk Nation
Winnebago Indians called themselves "Hochungra," meaning "People of the Big Voice." A Siouan people, they once occupied the southern half of Wisconsin including Wisconsin Dells. Until 1993, the Ho-Chunk Nation was formerly known as the Wisconsin Winnebago Tribe, but the term Winnebago is a misnomer derived from the Algonquian language family and refers to the marsh lands of the region. Today, there are approximately 8,000 Ho-Chunk Nation citizens living in the five districts of the Ho-Chunk Nation as well as living throughout the United States and the world. The Ho-Chunk Nation is not located on a reservation or a single continuous land base in Wisconsin, but rather, the Ho-Chunk Nation owns land in 14 counties in Wisconsin, including Adams, Clark, Crawford, Dane, Eau Claire, Jackson, Juneau, La Crosse, Marathon, Monroe, Sauk, Shawano, Vernon and Wood Counties and also land in the State of Illinois.This is a result of the failed attempts from 1832-1874 to ethnically cleanse the Ho-Chunk from Wisconsin, which the Ho-Chunk thwarted by continuously returning during this process, finally exploiting the 1862 Homestead Act to purchase land in their ancestral home. This strategy and resilience resulted in a new national law, the Indian Homestead Act of 1875. Today, the Ho-Chunk Nation is the largest employer in Sauk and Jackson counties.[17]
Climate
Wisconsin Dells has a humid continental climate.
On July 13, 1936, the temperature in Wisconsin Dells reached 114 °F (46 °C), the highest ever recorded in the state of Wisconsin.[18]
Climate data for Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin (1981–2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 56 (13) | 64 (18) | 84 (29) | 91 (33) | 93 (34) | 99 (37) | 114 (46) | 102 (39) | 98 (37) | 90 (32) | 76 (24) | 63 (17) | 114 (46) |
Average high °F (°C) | 26.9 (−2.8) | 31.7 (−0.2) | 43.5 (6.4) | 57.9 (14.4) | 69.8 (21.0) | 78.7 (25.9) | 82.4 (28.0) | 80.3 (26.8) | 72.2 (22.3) | 59.5 (15.3) | 44.2 (6.8) | 30.7 (−0.7) | 56.5 (13.6) |
Average low °F (°C) | 7.2 (−13.8) | 10.9 (−11.7) | 21.5 (−5.8) | 33.0 (0.6) | 44.2 (6.8) | 54.2 (12.3) | 58.6 (14.8) | 56.8 (13.8) | 47.8 (8.8) | 35.8 (2.1) | 24.9 (−3.9) | 12.4 (−10.9) | 33.9 (1.1) |
Record low °F (°C) | −43 (−42) | −37 (−38) | −29 (−34) | 5 (−15) | 22 (−6) | 31 (−1) | 41 (5) | 36 (2) | 24 (−4) | 9 (−13) | −11 (−24) | −27 (−33) | −43 (−42) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 0.89 (23) | 1.06 (27) | 1.87 (47) | 3.37 (86) | 3.72 (94) | 4.84 (123) | 4.17 (106) | 4.32 (110) | 3.49 (89) | 2.38 (60) | 2.04 (52) | 1.42 (36) | 33.56 (852) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 11.4 (29) | 8.1 (21) | 5.5 (14) | 1.8 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.3 (0.76) | 3.1 (7.9) | 11.0 (28) | 41.2 (105) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 4.7 | 4.6 | 6.8 | 9.4 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 94.2 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 5.3 | 4.2 | 2.5 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 5.3 | 20 |
Source: NOAA [19] |
Demografía
Historical population | |||
---|---|---|---|
Census | Pop. | %± | |
1870 | 1,114 | — | |
1880 | 945 | −15.2% | |
1890 | 961 | 1.7% | |
1900 | 1,134 | 18.0% | |
1910 | 1,170 | 3.2% | |
1920 | 1,206 | 3.1% | |
1930 | 1,489 | 23.5% | |
1940 | 1,762 | 18.3% | |
1950 | 1,957 | 11.1% | |
1960 | 2,105 | 7.6% | |
1970 | 2,401 | 14.1% | |
1980 | 2,521 | 5.0% | |
1990 | 2,393 | −5.1% | |
2000 | 2,418 | 1.0% | |
2010 | 2,678 | 10.8% | |
2019 (est.) | 2,992 | [5] | 11.7% |
U.S. Decennial Census[20] |
Because it straddles multiple counties, Wisconsin Dells is part of several Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs). The Columbia County portion of the city is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area, while the Sauk County portion is part of the Baraboo Micropolitan Statistical Area. The Adams and Juneau county portions are not part of any metropolitan or micropolitan area.
2010 census
As of the census[3] of 2010, there were 2,678 people, 1,148 households, and 659 families residing in the city. The population density was 363.9 inhabitants per square mile (140.5/km2). There were 1,485 housing units at an average density of 201.8 per square mile (77.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 91.5% White, 0.7% African American, 1.8% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 3.3% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.4% of the population.
There were 1,148 households, of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.9% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.6% were non-families. 33.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.87.
The median age in the city was 40.3 years. 20.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.4% were from 25 to 44; 26.6% were from 45 to 64; and 17.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.
Of the 2010 total population of 2,678, the population by county was:
- Adams County: 61
- Columbia County: 2,440
- Juneau County: 2
- Sauk County: 175
2000 census
As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 2,418 people, 1,019 households, and 609 families residing in the city. The population density was 583.1 people per square mile (225.0/km2). There were 1,178 housing units at an average density of 284.1 per square mile (109.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.56% White, 0.37% African American, 0.87% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 0.33% from other races, and 0.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.70% of the population.
There were 1,019 households, out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.2% were non-families. 34.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.0% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $35,699, and the median income for a family was $46,304. Males had a median income of $29,830 versus $22,553 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,447. About 4.0% of families and 7.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.7% of those under age 18 and 3.0% of those age 65 or over.
Economía
Tourism is the major contributor to the economy of Wisconsin Dells. The Dells area has many indoor and outdoor waterparks, proclaiming itself the "Waterpark Capital of the World".[9] Other attractions include boat tours, ziplining, golf courses, mini golf, go-kart tracks, water sports, horseback riding, a water ski show known as the Tommy Bartlett's Thrill Show (now closed), museums, amusement parks, and a casino.[21] Most attractions are located on the Strip, otherwise known as the Wisconsin Dells Parkway. Accommodations range from economical motels to RV parks to chain hotels to themed resorts featuring indoor and outdoor waterparks and other amenities.
Amphibious DUKW vehicles called "ducks" began offering duck tours to tourists in Wisconsin Dells in 1946. The tours visit wilderness trails, and enter nearby Lake Delton and the Wisconsin River. One company, Original Wisconsin Ducks, has more than 90 vehicles and is the largest operator of duck tours in the United States. Mayor Brian Landers stated "Many of our own residents take duck rides. I've taken duck rides myself".[22][23]
Since the late 1970s, the Dells area (Wisconsin Dells and Lake Delton) has become a water park mecca. Noah's Ark Waterpark opened in Lake Delton in 1979, and has become the largest and the eighth most visited water park in the U.S.[citation needed] Other outdoor amusement and water parks followed, featuring water slides, mini golf, roller coasters, go-karts, and other attractions.
The Polynesian Resort Hotel opened the United States' and the Dells area's first indoor waterpark in 1994. Since then, the number of combination resort/indoor waterparks in the Wisconsin Dells area has swelled, with each new indoor waterpark trying to have the latest innovations in waterslides and to be able to claim the title of America's largest park.
The Big 5 Dells resorts with large indoor waterparks are the Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park, Wilderness Territory, Kalahari Resort, Chula Vista Resort, and Great Wolf Lodge. Other smaller hotels with waterparks include the Atlantis Resort.
In 2005, Big Chief Karts and Coasters merged with the former Family Land Waterpark and Treasure Island Hotel to create a large theme park on the border of Lake Delton and Wisconsin Dells, with a resort called Hotel Rome, an indoor waterpark, outdoor waterpark, theme park, and the area's first indoor theme park. The park, which has roller coasters, go-karts, and water slides, is called Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park.
The Tanger Outlet Center opened in 2006 near the Great Wolf Lodge, replacing the defunct Wisconsin Dells Greyhound Park, which opened in May 1990, but closed in 1996 due to heavy competition from the nearby Ho-Chunk Gaming Wisconsin Dells Bingo/Casino. Since Mt. Olympus opened the Parthenon Indoor Theme Park in 2006, two more indoor theme parks were constructed in the area: Knuckleheads outside the Tanger Complex in 2007, and Kalahari Resort in December 2008. New attractions being constructed include more indoor waterpark resorts, the Grand Cambrian Resort, and the Wedge Resort.
Medios de comunicación
Wisconsin Dells is served by a local newspaper, Wisconsin Dells Events, and 2 local radio stations, WNNO and WDLS.[24] The Wisconsin Dells Events is published by Capital Newspapers, which publishes multiple newspapers in south central Wisconsin.[25] WNNO-FM broadcasts at 106.9 MHz and covers an area 20 miles in radius centered on Wisconsin Dells.[26] WDLS broadcasts on 900 AM.
Infraestructura
Buildings
- Kilbourn Public Library
- Wawbeek-Horace A.J. Upham House
- Jacob Weber House
Transportation
Bus
Greyhound Lines provides intrastate and interstate bus service to Wisconsin Dells[27] on its Chicago - Milwaukee - Madison - Minneapolis route.[28]
Rail
The Empire Builder, operated by Amtrak, provides daily rail service from the Wisconsin Dells Amtrak station.[29][30] The station was built in the 1980s in the style of the original station.
Utilities
- Frontier Communications
Educación
It is in the Wisconsin Dells School District, which operates Wisconsin Dells High School.
Gente notable
- Belle Boyd, Confederate spy[31]
- Lynn N. Coapman, Wisconsin State Representative[32]
- Jack Flannery, CORR and SODA driver
- Thomas Gillespie, Wisconsin State Representative
- Michael Griffin, U.S. Representative
- Alanson Holly, Wisconsin State Representative and newspaper editor
- Frank Kreyer, NASCAR driver
- G. M. Marshall, Wisconsin State Representative
- Jack B. Olson, Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin, businessman, and U.S. diplomat
- James H. Quinn, Minnesota Supreme Court justice[33]
- Yellow Thunder, Ho-Chunk chief[34]
Galería
Lower Dells intersection between downtown and "The Strip"
Pirate's Cove, a miniature golf business
Hades Rollercoaster at Mt. Olympus
Trojan Horse go-kart track at Mt. Olympus
Poseidons Rage surf pool at Mt. Olympus
"Top Secret", an upside-down White House
Municipal Building
Wawbeek-Horace A.J. Upham House
Jacob Weber House
Ciudad hermana
Wisconsin Dells has one sister city.
- Iwaizumi-Cho (Japan) since 1990[35]
Ver también
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Wisconsin
Notas
- ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
- ^ "Wisconsin Dells". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-11-18.
- ^ "Population Estimates - Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Resident Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 11, 2013. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
- ^ a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ "Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin Population: Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts". Census Viewer. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
- ^ a b "Wisconsin Dells Area Information". Wisconsin Dells Visitor & Convention Bureau. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
- ^ Goc (1999), p. 5
- ^ Airport at dells. (1928, May 26). The Daily Northwestern, p. 13.
- ^ Sarah Hauer and Joe Taschler. "Tommy Bartlett Show in Wisconsin Dells is closing permanently because of business losses". Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel, September 16, 2020.
- ^ Mentzer, Robert (August 18, 2020). "Wisconsin Vacation Area Struggles To Survive During Pandemic". NPR's Morning Edition. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
- ^ George Hesselberg. "The Wonder Spot’ to disappear: Old-school Dells tourist attraction closing for good". La Crosse Tribune. January 12, 2007. Retrieved on June 5, 2009.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2012-07-02. Retrieved 2012-11-18.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2004-12-31. Retrieved 2005-03-04.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ https://wisconsinfirstnations.org/ho-chunk-nation/
- ^ "Climatological Extremes for Wisconsin - Highest Temperature by Month". Wisconsin State Climatology Office. 8 April 2010. Retrieved 26 August 2013.
- ^ "National Weather Service Climate - Milwaukee/Sullivan". NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2012-04-12.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "Wisconsin Dells Attractions". Wisconsin Dells Tourism Authority. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
- ^ Severson, Gordon (October 12, 2015). "City Leaders Confident in Safety of Wisconsin Dells "Duck Rides" After Fatal Accident in Seattle". WKOW Television. Archived from the original on November 19, 2016. Retrieved November 18, 2016.
- ^ "Original Wisconsin Ducks Celebrates 70 Years of Operation". Amusement Today. May 8, 2015.
- ^ "Wisconsin Dells Media". Wisconsin Dells Tourism Authority. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
- ^ "About Capital Newspapers". Capital Newspapers. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
- ^ "Mix 106.9 WNNO-FM - Station Info". Mix 106.9 WNNO-FM. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
- ^ "Greyhound - Wisconsin Dells, WI". Greyhound Lines, Inc. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
- ^ "Chicago - Milwaukee - Madison - Minneapolis: Table 304" (PDF). Greyhound Lines, Inc. 19 June 2013. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
- ^ "Amtrak - Empire Builder Train". National Railroad Passenger Corporation. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
- ^ "Amtrak - Stations - Wisconsin Dells, WI (WDL)". National Railroad Passenger Corporation. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
- ^ "Belle Boyd". Wisconsin Historical Society. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
- ^ 'Coapman Services,' Wisconsin State Journal, March 9, 1943, pg. 14
- ^ Minnesota State Law Library-James H. Quinn Archived 2014-01-05 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Joan Jensen, Calling this Place Home: Women on the Wisconsin Frontier, 1850-1925 p. 33
- ^ Krejci, Anna (22 October 2010). "Dells-Iwaizumi mark 20 years of sister city relations". Wisconsin Dells Events. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
Referencias
- Goc, Michael J. (1999). The Dells: An Illustrated History of Wisconsin Dells. Dells County Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-938627-45-6.
enlaces externos
- Official website
- Sanborn fire insurance maps: 1885 1892 1902 1909