Condado de Cuyahoga, Ohio

County in Ohio, US

County in Ohio, United States

Condado de Cuyahoga
condado
Condado de Cuyahoga
Palacio de justicia del condado de Cuyahoga en el centro de Cleveland
Sello
Etimología: río Cuyahoga
Mapa interactivo que describe el condado de Cuyahoga
Mapa del condado de Cuyahoga en Ohio
Coordenadas: 41 ° 32′24 ″ N 81 ° 39′36 ″ W / 41.54000°N 81.66000°W / 41.54000; -81.66000 Coordenadas : 41 ° 32′24 ″ N 81 ° 39′36 ″ W  / 41.54000°N 81.66000°W / 41.54000; -81.66000
País	Estados Unidos
Expresar	Ohio
Región	Noreste de Ohio
Fundado	1 de mayo de 1810
Nombrado para	Río Cuyahoga
Asiento de condado	Cleveland
Gobierno
• Ejecutivo del condado	Armond Budish
Área
• Total	1.246 millas cuadradas (3.230 km 2 )
• Tierra	457 millas cuadradas (1,180 km 2 )
• Agua	788 millas cuadradas (2,040 km 2 )
Elevación	653 pies (199 m)
Población (2019)
• Total	1,235,072
• Densidad	2710 / millas cuadradas (1,047 / km 2 )
Zona horaria	UTC-5 ( EST )
• Verano ( DST )	UTC − 4 ( EDT )
Distritos electorales	9 , 11 , 14 , 16 Cuyahoga
Ciudad más grande	Cleveland
Sitio web	www .cuyahogacounty .us

Condado de Cuyahoga ( / ˌ k aɪ . Ə h ɒ ɡ ə / o / ˌ k aɪ . Ə h oʊ ɡ ə / ^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} ) se encuentra en el noreste de parte de la de EE.UU. estado de Ohio en la costa sur del lago Erie , al otro lado de la frontera marítima entre Estados Unidos y Canadá. Según las estimaciones del censo de Estados Unidos de 2019, su población era de 1.235.072, lo que lo convierte en el segundo condado más poblado del estado. ^[5]

El asiento de condado y la ciudad más grande es Cleveland . ^[6] El condado está dividido en dos por el río Cuyahoga , que le da nombre . El nombre se deriva de la palabra iroquesa Cuyahoga , que significa "río torcido". ^{[7] El} condado de Cuyahoga forma el núcleo del área metropolitana del Gran Cleveland y el área estadística combinada Cleveland-Akron-Canton .

El ex presidente de los Estados Unidos, James A. Garfield , nació en lo que era el municipio de Orange del condado de Cuyahoga .

Historia

Condado de Cuyahoga en 1874

Véase también: Historia de Cleveland

Después del descubrimiento del Nuevo Mundo , la tierra que se convirtió en el condado de Cuyahoga originalmente formaba parte de la colonia francesa de Canadá (Nueva Francia) , que fue cedida en 1763 a Gran Bretaña y rebautizada como provincia de Quebec . A fines del siglo XVIII, la tierra se convirtió en parte de la Reserva Occidental de Connecticut en el Territorio del Noroeste , luego fue comprada por Connecticut Land Company en 1795.

El condado de Cuyahoga fue creado el 7 de junio de 1807 y organizado el 1 de mayo de 1810. ^{[8] [9]} Fue reducido por la creación de los condados de Huron , Lake y Lorain . ^[10] Fue nombrado por el río Cuyahoga.

Geografía

Según la Oficina del Censo de EE. UU. , El condado tiene un área de 3230 km ² (1246 millas cuadradas ), de las cuales 1180 km ² (457 millas cuadradas ) son tierra y 2040 km ² ( 788 millas cuadradas ) (63%) están cubiertas por agua. ^[11] Es el segundo condado más grande de Ohio por área. Una parte del Parque Nacional Cuyahoga Valley se encuentra en la sección sureste del condado.

Condados adyacentes

• Condado de Lake (noreste)
• Condado de Geauga (este)
• Condado de Summit (sureste)
• Condado de Medina (suroeste)
• Condado de Lorain (oeste)
• Condado de Portage (sureste)

Carreteras principales

• I-71
• I-77
• I-80 / Ohio Turnpike
• I-90
• I-271
• I-480
• I-490
• Estados Unidos 6
• Estados Unidos 20
• Estados Unidos 42
• Estados Unidos 322
• Estados Unidos 422
• SR 2
• SR 3
• SR 8
• SR 10
• SR 14
• SR 21
• SR 43
• SR 82
• SR 87
• SR 91
• SR 94
• SR 174
• SR 175
• SR 176
• SR 237
• SR 252
• SR 254
• SR 283
• SR 291

Demografía

Véase también: Demografía de Cleveland

Población histórica

Año	Música pop.	±%
1810	1,459	-
1820	6.328	+ 333,7%
1830	10,373	+ 63,9%
1840	26.506	+ 155,5%
1850	48,099	+ 81,5%
1860	78.033	+ 62,2%
1870	132,010	+69.2%
1880	196,943	+49.2%
1890	309,970	+57.4%
1900	439,120	+41.7%
1910	637,425	+45.2%
1920	943,495	+48.0%
1930	1,201,455	+27.3%
1940	1,217,250	+1.3%
1950	1,389,532	+14.2%
1960	1,647,895	+18.6%
1970	1,721,300	+4.5%
1980	1,498,400	−12.9%
1990	1,412,140	−5.8%
2000	1,393,978	−1.3%
2010	1,280,122	−8.2%
2019*	1,235,072	−3.5%
* = Population estimate. Source: U.S. Decennial Census[12] 1790-1960[13] 1900-1990[14] 1990-2000[15] 2010-2019[16][17]

Largest ancestries (2010)	Percent
German	17.4%
Irish	13.0%
Italian	9.2%
Polish	8.6%
English	6.3%
Slovak	3.3%

Cuyahoga County population (Source: United States Census, 2000)

As of the 2010 census, 1,280,122 people, 571,457 households, and 319,996 families were residing in the county. The population density was 2,800 people/sq mi (1,081/km²). The 621,763 housing units averaged 1,346 per sq mi (520/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 63.6% White, 29.7% African American, 0.2% Native American, 2.6% Asian (0.9% Indian, 0.7% Chinese, 0.3% Filipino, 0.2% Korean, 0.2% Vietnamese, 0.1% Japanese), 1.8% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. About 4.8% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race (3.1% Puerto Rican, 0.7% Mexican, 0.1% Dominican, 0.1% Guatemalan).^[18] by heritage, 16.5% were of German, 12.8% Irish, 8.8% Italian, 8.1% Polish, 5.9% English, 3.7% Slovak, and 3.1% Hungarian.

Sizable numbers of Russians (1.7%), French, (1.4%), Arabs (1.4%), Ukrainians (1.2%), and Greeks (0.7%) are present; 88.4% spoke English, 3.7% Spanish, and 4.9% some other Indo-European language.^[19] 7.3% of the population were foreign-born (of which 44.4% were born in Europe, 36.3% Asia, and 12.1% Latin America).^[19][20]

Of the 571,457 households, 28.50% had children under 18 living with them, 42.40% were married couples living together, 15.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.90% were not families. About 32.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.10% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.39, and the average family size was 3.06.

In the county, the age distribution was 25.00% under 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 29.30% from 25 to 44, 22.20% from 45 to 64, and 15.60% who were 65 or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $43,603, and for a family was $58,631. The per capita income for the county was $26,263. About 10.30% of families and 13.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.40% of those under age 18 and 9.30% of those age 65 or over.^[21]

Government

Main articles: Cuyahoga County Council and Ohio county government

The Cuyahoga County Council and Executive exercise direct government over unincorporated areas of Cuyahoga County. As of 2012, this consisted of two small areas: Chagrin Falls Township and Olmsted Township.^[22]

Cuyahoga County had long been led by a three-member Board of County Commissioners. In July 2008, Federal Bureau of Investigation agents began raiding the offices of Cuyahoga County Commissioners and those of a wide range of cities, towns, and villages across Cuyahoga County. The investigation revealed extensive bribery and corruption across the area, affecting hundreds of millions of dollars in county contracts and business. The investigation led to the arrest of county commissioner Jimmy Dimora; county auditor Frank Russo; MetroHealth vice president John J. Carroll; former Strongsville councilman Patrick Coyne; former Ohio District Courts of Appeals judge Anthony O. Calabrese III; former Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas judge Bridget McCafferty; Cuyahoga County Sheriff Gerald McFaul; former Cleveland City Council member Sabra Pierce Scott; Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas judge Steven Terry; and a wide range of attorneys, building inspectors, consultants, contractors, school district employees, and mid and low level county workers.^[23]

On November 3, 2009, county voters overwhelmingly approved the adoption of a new county charter, which replaced the three-commissioner form of county government with an elected county executive and county prosecutor, and an 11-member county council. Each council member represents a single geographic district, with no at-large districts. The elected offices of auditor, clerk of courts, coroner, engineer, recorder, sheriff, and treasurer were abolished. The county executive was given authority to appoint individuals to these offices, which became part of the executive branch of the county. Summit County is the only other Ohio county with this form of government.^[24]

In the November 2, 2010, election, Lakewood Mayor Ed FitzGerald (D) defeated Matt Dolan (R) to become the first Cuyahoga County Executive.^[25] The first Cuyahoga County Council was also elected, with Democrats winning eight seats, while Republicans won three.^[26]

Politics

Cuyahoga County is heavily Democratic in voter registration, with a majority having voted for the Democratic presidential candidate in every election since 1972.

United States presidential election results for Cuyahoga County, Ohio^[27]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	202,699	32.32%	416,176	66.36%	8,285	1.32%
2016	184,212	30.25%	398,276	65.41%	26,391	4.33%
2012	190,660	29.55%	447,273	69.32%	7,329	1.14%
2008	199,880	29.95%	458,422	68.70%	8,997	1.35%
2004	221,600	32.89%	448,503	66.57%	3,674	0.55%
2000	192,099	33.42%	359,913	62.62%	22,770	3.96%
1996	163,770	29.15%	341,357	60.75%	56,765	10.10%
1992	187,186	29.24%	337,548	52.72%	115,507	18.04%
1988	249,439	41.02%	353,401	58.11%	5,277	0.87%
1984	284,094	43.60%	362,626	55.65%	4,913	0.75%
1980	254,883	41.47%	307,448	50.02%	52,351	8.52%
1976	255,594	41.01%	349,186	56.03%	18,442	2.96%
1972	329,493	49.94%	317,670	48.15%	12,588	1.91%
1968	238,791	35.44%	363,540	53.95%	71,508	10.61%
1964	196,436	28.50%	492,911	71.50%	0	0.00%
1960	288,056	40.17%	429,030	59.83%	0	0.00%
1956	353,474	53.72%	304,558	46.28%	0	0.00%
1952	329,465	50.34%	324,962	49.66%	0	0.00%
1948	214,889	43.80%	257,958	52.58%	17,781	3.62%
1944	217,824	39.71%	330,659	60.29%	0	0.00%
1940	209,070	37.59%	347,118	62.41%	0	0.00%
1936	128,947	27.12%	311,117	65.44%	35,354	7.44%
1932	166,337	44.89%	185,731	50.12%	18,510	4.99%
1928	194,508	53.42%	166,188	45.64%	3,412	0.94%
1924	130,169	49.29%	24,000	9.09%	109,897	41.62%
1920	148,857	64.36%	70,518	30.49%	11,904	5.15%
1916	51,287	39.78%	71,553	55.50%	6,080	4.72%
1912	14,176	13.81%	43,610	42.49%	44,838	43.69%
1908	56,344	55.39%	39,954	39.27%	5,431	5.34%
1904	57,367	62.86%	24,202	26.52%	9,687	10.62%
1900	45,299	50.55%	42,440	47.36%	1,870	2.09%
1896	42,993	52.76%	37,542	46.07%	955	1.17%
1892	26,657	45.63%	29,543	50.58%	2,214	3.79%
1888	25,994	50.92%	23,949	46.92%	1,103	2.16%
1884	24,052	55.15%	18,764	43.02%	797	1.83%
1880	22,123	58.66%	15,130	40.12%	463	1.23%
1876	18,198	55.21%	14,425	43.76%	340	1.03%
1872	14,451	63.75%	8,033	35.44%	184	0.81%
1868	12,582	61.33%	7,933	38.67%	0	0.00%
1864	10,009	63.06%	5,864	36.94%	0	0.00%
1860	8,686	62.45%	4,814	34.61%	408	2.93%
1856	6,360	57.29%	4,446	40.05%	296	2.67%

Education

Colleges and universities

Cuyahoga County is home to a number of higher-education institutions, including:

• Baldwin Wallace University (Berea)
• Bryant and Stratton College (Parma)
• Cleveland Bartending School (Cleveland Heights)
• Case Western Reserve University (Cleveland)
• Cleveland Institute of Art (Cleveland)
• Cleveland Institute of Music (Cleveland)
• Cleveland State University (Cleveland)
• Cuyahoga Community College (Cleveland] Highland Hills, Westlake, and Parma)
• DeVry University (Seven Hills)
• John Carroll University (University Heights)
• Notre Dame College (South Euclid)
• Kent State University College of Podiatric Medicine (Independence)
• Stautzenberger College (Brecksville)
• Ursuline College (Pepper Pike)

Health

In 2014, Cuyahoga County ranked 65 out of 88 counties in Ohio for health outcomes. This ranking was based on multiple factors, including: premature death (7,975 years per 100,000 population, of potential life lost), adults who reported having poor or fair health (15%), average number of poor physical-health days reported in a 30-day period (3.3), average number of poor mental-health days reported in a 30-day period (4.1), and the percentage of births with low birth-weight (10.4%). Among these factors, Cuyahoga did worse than the Ohio average in premature death, poor mental-health days, and low birth-weight. Possible explanations as for why Cuyahoga County is lower in health outcomes than the average Ohio county include behavioral factors, access to clinical care, social and economic factors, and environmental factors.^[28]

The leading causes of death and disability in Cuyahoga County are chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, obesity, and diabetes.^[29] The cancer mortality rate for Cuyahoga is 192.7 per 100,000 people, the mortality rate due to heart disease is 204.2 per 100,000 people, and the percentage of adult residents who are obese is 26.2%.^[30]

Community comparison of disparities

According to the Fox Chase Cancer Center, a health disparity can be defined as the existence of inequalities that prevent certain members of a population group from benefiting from the same health status as other groups.^[31] Cuyahoga County has many health disparities when comparing cities and demographics. The Hough neighborhood of Cleveland and the Lyndhurst area can be compared to illustrate some of the disparities. The communities are both in Cuyahoga County and are less than 10 miles apart. They also have similar populations, but a different racial breakdown according to the 2010 US Census. The Hough neighborhood's population was 16,359 (96.1% Black or African American and 2.1% White American) and the Lyndhurst's population was 14,001 (6.4% Black or African American and 90.3% White American). A 24-year disparity was seen in life expectancy between the communities.^[32] Hough neighborhood residents have a life expectancy of 64 years and residents in Lyndhurst have a life expectancy of 88.5 years.^[33] The annual median income in the Hough neighborhood is $13,630^[32] while it is $52,272 in Lyndhurst. Data collected from the Center for Community Solutions indicated from 1990 to 2001, the rate of heart disease for residents of the Hough neighborhood was around four times that of Lyndhurst residents. The Lyndhurst rate of accidental deaths was nine times higher than the Hough neighborhood.^[33]

Health facilities

• University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Center - Beachwood
• University Hospitals Bedford Medical Center - Bedford
• Cleveland Clinic - Cleveland
• Euclid Hospital - Euclid
• Fairview Hospital - Cleveland
• Hillcrest Hospital - Mayfield Heights
• Huron Hospital - East Cleveland
• University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center - Cleveland
• Lakewood Hospital - Lakewood
• Lutheran Hospital - Cleveland
• University Hospitals MacDonald Women's Hospital - Cleveland
• Marymount Hospital - Garfield Heights
• MetroHealth Medical Center - Cleveland
• University Hospitals Parma Medical Center - Parma
• Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital - Cleveland
• University Hospitals Richmond Medical Center - Richmond Heights
• South Pointe Hospital - Warrensville Heights
• Southwest General Health Center - Middleburg Heights
• St. Anne's Hospital, historical facility in Cleveland
• St. John Medical Center - Westlake
• St. Vincent Charity Medical Center - Cleveland
• University Hospitals Case Medical Center - University Circle, Cleveland
• Healthspan (formerly Kaiser Permanente of Northeast Ohio) - Bedford, Cleveland, Cleveland Heights, and Parma

Transportation

Airports

Cuyahoga County is served by international, regional, and county airports, including:

• Cuyahoga County Airport
• Cleveland Hopkins International Airport (Cleveland)
• Cleveland Burke Lakefront Airport (Cleveland)

Major highways

• I-71
• I-77
• I-80 / Ohio Turnpike
• I-90
• I-271
• I-480
• I-490
• US 6
• US 20
• US 42
• US 322
• US 422

Rail

Cuyahoga County receives intercity passenger service by Amtrak by way of Lakefront Station in Cleveland, with destinations such as Chicago, New York, Boston, Washington, DC, and many more.

The Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad offers scenic excursion service through the Cuyahoga Valley National Park by way of their Rockside Station in Independence.

Freight rail service is provided by Norfolk Southern, CSX Transportation, Wheeling and Lake Erie Railroad, Cleveland Commercial Railroad, and several other small companies. Norfolk Southern has the largest presence in the county, operating three different lines and several terminal yards.

Public transportation

The Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority, also known as RTA, provides public transportation to Cuyahoga County through a combination of conventional bus, rapid-transit bus, and rail transit services, as well as on-demand services. Several other county agencies also serve Cuyahoga County, mostly through downtown Cleveland.

Greyhound, Barons Bus Lines, and Megabus provide public transportation beyond Cuyahoga County to destinations across the United States.

Recreation

The Cleveland Metroparks system serves Cuyahoga County. Its 16 reservations provide more than 21,000 acres (8,500 ha) of green space and recreational amenities.^[34] The county is home to part of Cuyahoga Valley National Park, which extends southward into Summit County.

Culture

Theaters

• Beck Center (Lakewood)^[35]
• Cabaret Dada (Cleveland)^[36]
• Cassidy Theater (Parma Heights)^[37]
• Cleveland Play House (Cleveland)^[38]
• Cleveland Public Theater (Cleveland)^[39]
• Dobama Theater (Cleveland Heights)^[40]
• East Cleveland Theater (East Cleveland)^[41]
• Huntington Playhouse (Bay Village)^[42]
• Karamu House (Cleveland)^[43]
• Near West Theatre (Cleveland)^[44]
• Playhouse Square Center (Cleveland)^[45]

Classical music

• Cleveland Orchestra performs in Severance Hall

Museums

• Cleveland Museum of Art
• Museum of Contemporary Art, Cleveland
• Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
• Cleveland Museum of Natural History
• Maltz Museum of Jewish Heritage Beachwood
• Great Lakes Science Center Cleveland ^[46]
• International Women Air and Space Museum Cleveland ^[47]

Retail

Cuyahoga County has many options for shopping. Some of the well-known shopping areas include:

• Historically, downtown Cleveland, especially Euclid Avenue, has served as the major economic hub of the county and the entire metropolitan area. Other retail centers in Cleveland include Ohio City, Kamm's Corners, and Shaker Square.
• Beachwood Place stores include Saks Fifth Avenue, Nordstrom, Dillard's, Coach, True Religion, Lacoste, H&M, and ZARA.^[48]
• Downtown Lakewood's commercial center spans from Bunts Avenue to the east and Arthur Avenue to the west along Detroit Avenue.
• Lyndhurst Legacy Village stores include Crate & Barrel, Arhaus Furniture, Ethan Allen, Restoration Hardware, Nordstrom Rack, Z Gallerie, and the Cheesecake Factory.^[49]
• In North Olmsted, Great Northern Mall stores include Dillard's, Macy's, Dicks Sporting Goods, Sears, H&M, Disney Store, and Forever 21.
• In Orange, Ohio, Pinecrest was to open in spring 2018; its stores include Whole Foods, REI, West Elm, Pottery Barn, WilliamsSonoma, and Orangetheory Fitness^[50]
• In Strongsville, SouthPark Mall stores include Dillard's, Macy's, Kohl's, Dick's Sporting Goods, Aldo, Chico's, Build-A-Bear Workshop, Forever 21, H&M, and Swarovski.^[51]
• In University Heights, University Square Shopping Center stores include Macy's, Target, and T.J. Maxx^[52]
• In Westlake, Crocker Park stores include Apple Store, Banana Republic, Nordstrom Rack, Guess, Lucky Brand Jeans, and Arhaus Furniture.^[53]
• In Woodmere, Eton Square stores include Anthropologie, Apple Store, Brooks Brothers, Tiffany & Co., The North Face, Orvis, Sur La Table, and Trader Joe's.^[54]

Communities

Map of Cuyahoga County, Ohio with Municipal and Township Labels

Cities

• Bay Village
• Beachwood
• Bedford
• Bedford Heights
• Berea
• Brecksville
• Broadview Heights
• Brook Park
• Brooklyn
• Cleveland (county seat)
• Cleveland Heights
• East Cleveland
• Euclid
• Fairview Park
• Garfield Heights
• Highland Heights
• Independence
• Lakewood
• Lyndhurst
• Maple Heights
• Mayfield Heights
• Middleburg Heights
• North Olmsted
• North Royalton
• Olmsted Falls
• Parma
• Parma Heights
• Pepper Pike
• Richmond Heights
• Rocky River
• Seven Hills
• Shaker Heights
• Solon
• South Euclid
• Strongsville
• University Heights
• Warrensville Heights
• Westlake

Villages

• Bentleyville
• Bratenahl
• Brooklyn Heights
• Chagrin Falls
• Cuyahoga Heights
• Gates Mills
• Glenwillow
• Highland Hills
• Hunting Valley
• Linndale
• Mayfield
• Moreland Hills
• Newburgh Heights
• North Randall
• Oakwood
• Orange
• Valley View
• Walton Hills
• Woodmere

Townships

• Chagrin Falls
• Olmsted
• Nineteen paper townships

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Cuyahoga County, Ohio

References

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2. Feran, Tom (June 2, 2006). "It's a Cleveland thing, so to speak". The Plain Dealer.
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5. "Franklin County now tops Cuyahoga County in population, census estimates say".
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19. Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". Archived from the original on 2020-02-12.
20. Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". Archived from the original on 2015-01-18.
21. Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". Archived from the original on 2016-02-13. Retrieved 2020-04-04.
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25. Byrne, Brian (November 3, 2010). "Ed FitzGerald is first Cuyahoga County executive". The Plain Dealer. Cleveland, Ohio. Retrieved November 16, 2010.
26. Garrett, Amanda (November 2, 2010). "Three Republicans heading toward victory on Cuyahoga County Council; Dems likely to take other 8 seats". The Plain Dealer. Cleveland, Ohio. Retrieved November 16, 2010.
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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cuyahoga County, Ohio.

• Cuyahoga County travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Cuyahoga County Home Page
• Cuyahoga County Planning Commission