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Burton upon Trent
Town Hall - geograph.org.uk - 352398.jpg
Ayuntamiento de Burton upon Trent , construido en 1894 [1]
Burton upon Trent is located in Staffordshire
Burton upon Trent
Burton upon Trent
Ubicación dentro de Staffordshire
Población72,299 (censo de 2011)
Referencia de la cuadrícula del sistema operativoSK245225
Distrito
Condado de Shire
Región
PaísInglaterra
Estado soberanoReino Unido
Ciudad de postesBURTON-ON-TRENT
Distrito de código postalDE13-DE15
Código telefónico01283
PolicíaStaffordshire
FuegoStaffordshire
AmbulanciaWest Midlands
Parlamento del Reino Unido
Lista de lugares
Reino Unido
Inglaterra
Staffordshire
52 ° 48′07 ″ N 01 ° 38′12 ″ W / 52.80194°N 1.63667°W / 52.80194; -1.63667 Coordenadas: 52 ° 48′07 ″ N 01 ° 38′12 ″ W  / 52.80194°N 1.63667°W / 52.80194; -1.63667

Burton upon Trent , también conocido como Burton-on-Trent o simplemente Burton , es una ciudad comercial en Staffordshire , Inglaterra, cerca de la frontera con Derbyshire . En 2011 , tenía una población de 72,299. [2] El demonio para los residentes de la ciudad es burtoniano. Burton está a 18 km al suroeste de Derby , 43 km al noroeste de Leicester , 45 km al oeste-suroeste de Nottingham y 32 km al sur de la entrada sur del Peak District National. Parque .

Burton es conocido por su elaboración . [3] La ciudad creció alrededor de Burton Abbey . El puente Burton también fue escenario de dos batallas, en 1322 cuando Eduardo II derrotó al rebelde conde de Lancaster y en 1643 cuando los realistas capturaron la ciudad durante la Primera Guerra Civil Inglesa . William Lord Paget y sus descendientes fueron responsables de ampliar la casa solariega dentro de los terrenos de la abadía y facilitar la extensión del río Trent Navigation hasta Burton. Burton se convirtió en una concurrida ciudad comercial a principios del período moderno.

La ciudad es servida por la estación de tren de Burton-on-Trent . La ciudad fue también el comienzo y el término de la ahora desaparecida South Staffordshire Line que la unía a Lichfield, Walsall , Dudley y Stourbridge .

Historia [ editar ]

Ryknild Street , una vía romana , corría hacia el noreste a través de lo que más tarde se convirtió en la parroquia de Burton, uniendo los campamentos en Letocetum ( Wall ), cerca de Lichfield y Derventio (Little Chester) cerca de Derby . [4]

Entre 666 y 669 Wilfrid , el obispo pro-romano de York, ejerció funciones episcopales en Mercia , cuyo rey cristiano, Wulfhere , le cedió tierras en varios lugares, en los que estableció monasterios . Es casi seguro que Burton fue uno de los sitios: el nombre que Andresey le dio a una isla en el río Trent cerca de la iglesia parroquial significa "isla de Andrés" y se refiere a una iglesia dedicada a San Andrés. [4] La isla está asociada con la leyenda de St Modwen o Modwenna, una abadesa irlandesa. [5] Es probable que cualquier casa religiosa sobreviviente hubiera sido destruida durante la guerra danesa.incursión en el área en 874. Los nombres de lugares indican influencia escandinava, y varios nombres personales de origen escandinavo todavía se usaban en el área a principios del siglo XII. [4] En 1003, Wulfric Spott , un thegn , estableció una abadía benedictina en un nuevo sitio en la orilla occidental del Trent en Burton . Se sabe que fue enterrado en el claustro de la abadía en 1010, junto a su esposa.

Burton Abbey fue mencionado en el libro de Domesday , donde se decía que controlaba las tierras en Appleby Magna en Leicestershire , y Mickleover , Winshill , Stapenhill , Coton in the Elms , Ca (u) ldwell (en Stapenhill Parish) y Ticknall , todo entonces en Derbyshire . El monasterio era el más importante de Staffordshire y en la década de 1530 tenía los ingresos más altos. Se sabe que hubo frecuentes visitas reales a la abadía, incluidas las de Guillermo I , Enrique II y Eduardo I. En los siglos XII y XIII, las calles se trazaron en el lado oeste de High Street, la más antigua fue New Street, que se extendía desde las puertas de la abadía hacia la línea de Ryknild Street. Horninglow Street, en el extremo norte de High Street, formaba parte de una ruta principal de este a oeste que usaba el puente sobre el río. [6]

El 12 de abril de 1200, el rey Juan concedió una carta real al abad para celebrar un mercado en Burton todos los jueves. [7] Esta carta fue renovada más tarde por el rey Enrique III y el rey Eduardo IV . [8] Había cuatro ferias anuales para el comercio de caballos, ganado y productos: el día de la Candelaria , el 5 de abril, el Jueves Santo y el 29 de octubre (la fiesta de St Modwen), aunque como en otras ciudades británicas esta práctica ha desaparecido.

Una fotografía temprana del puente Burton medieval de 36 arcos . El puente fue un importante punto de cruce y fue escenario de batallas en 1322 y 1643. Fue demolido y reemplazado en 1863.

Si bien el gran puente de Burton sobre el Trent estaba en mal estado a principios del siglo XVI, sirvió como "un pasaje de ida y vuelta a muchos países para el alivio y la comodidad de los viajeros", según el abad . [9] El puente fue escenario de dos batallas, primero en 1322 cuando Eduardo II derrotó al rebelde conde de Lancaster y también en 1643 cuando los realistas capturaron la ciudad durante la Primera Guerra Civil Inglesa .

Enrique VIII le concedió a Sir William Paget las tierras de la abadía de Burton en 1546 y amplió la casa solariega utilizando materiales de la abadía. La propiedad de la familia fue confiscada más tarde después de estar implicada en un complot católico contra Isabel I , pero fue restituida a su descendiente William 6th Lord Paget .

Bajo Enrique VIII la abadía se disolvió en 1539, para ser refundada en 1541 como una colegiata para un decano (que había sido el último abad) y cuatro prebendarios . Se disolvió de nuevo en 1545 y se concedió a Sir William Paget . Paget comenzó a planificar la expansión de Manor House dentro del recinto de la abadía, que se sabe que existió desde al menos 1514, en una gran mansión. Para proporcionar los materiales para este proyecto, los viejos edificios de la abadía iban a ser canibalizados. Hubo cambios importantes en la casa durante los siguientes tres siglos. Sir William murió en 1563.

En 1585 se sugirió que María, reina de Escocia, podría quedarse en Burton mientras se limpiaba el castillo de Tutbury , pero se dijo que era "una casa en ruinas, los edificios dispersos y contiguos a una ciudad muy pobre, llena de malos vecinos". [10] La familia Paget estuvo implicada en complots católicos contra la reina Isabel I , la casa solariega junto con la mayoría de las propiedades familiares fueron confiscadas, y la casa solariega fue arrendada a Richard Almond en 1612. [11] Partes de la iglesia de la abadía pueden haber conservado para uso parroquial , sin embargo, estos fueron demolidos y reemplazados por una nueva iglesia en 1719-1726. Quedan algunos fragmentos de la sala capitularcerca, pero tampoco queda poco del resto. Dos edificios se convirtieron para uso residencial: una parte conocida como Manor House y la antigua enfermería . La enfermería se hizo conocida como La Abadía y ahora es una posada.

Canales y cervecerías [ editar ]

Las tierras y el título de propiedad de la familia Paget les fueron restituidos por James I en 1602 y fueron propietarios de considerables propiedades alrededor de Burton durante más de 150 años. [12] En 1699, William Lord Paget obtuvo una ley del Parlamento para ampliar la navegación por el río Trent desde Nottingham hasta Burton, pero no se hizo nada de inmediato. En 1711, Lord Paget cedió sus derechos a George Hayne , quien en 1712 abrió el río Trent Navigation y construyó un muelle y otros edificios en el recinto de la antigua abadía. [13] Esto llevó al desarrollo de Burton como la principal ciudad para la elaboración y exportación de cerveza., ya que permitió el envío de cerveza Burton a Hull , al Mar Báltico y Prusia , así como a Londres , donde se vendía en 1712. Varias fábricas de cerveza abrieron en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII. El bloqueo napoleónico afectó gravemente al comercio exterior, lo que provocó cierta consolidación y una reorientación del comercio a Londres y Lancashire a través de canales. Cuando los cerveceros Burton lograron replicar la pale ale producida en Londres, la ventaja de las cualidades del agua, en un proceso denominado Burtonización, permitió el desarrollo del comercio de Burton India Pale Ale.(una cerveza especialmente elaborada para conservar durante el largo viaje por mar a la India ). Los nuevos enlaces ferroviarios a Liverpool permitieron a los cerveceros exportar su cerveza por todo el Imperio Británico .

Burton llegó a dominar el comercio de la cerveza y, en su apogeo, una cuarta parte de toda la cerveza vendida en Gran Bretaña se producía aquí. En la segunda mitad del siglo XIX se produjo un crecimiento de las cervecerías autóctonas, complementado con el traslado de empresas cerveceras externas a la ciudad, por lo que se registraron más de 30 cervecerías en 1880. [14] Sin embargo, a principios del siglo XX hubo un caída en las ventas de cerveza, lo que provocó la quiebra de muchas fábricas de cerveza; la industria sufrió por las actitudes contrarias a la bebida del gobierno liberal . Esta vez no se encontraron nuevos mercados, por lo que el número de cervecerías se redujo con el cierre y la consolidación de 20 en 1900 a 8 en 1928. Después de nuevas fusiones y adquisiciones, en 1980 solo quedaban tres cervecerías principales: Bass , Ind Coope yMarston's .

Burton fue el hogar de la familia Peel, que desempeñó un papel importante en la Revolución Industrial . La casa de la familia todavía es visible en la ciudad como Peel House en Lichfield Street. Su Majestad la Reina Isabel II visitó la ciudad el 3 de julio de 2002 durante las celebraciones de su Jubileo de Oro .

Gobernanza [ editar ]

Burton es el centro administrativo del distrito de East Staffordshire y forma parte de la circunscripción de Burton . El local de miembro del Parlamento es el partido conservador 's Kate Griffiths , que ha representado la circunscripción de Burton desde diciembre de 2019. Los conservadores tomaron el asiento del Trabajo en el 2010 elecciones generales con un swing de 8,7%. [15]

Burton se incorporó como un distrito municipal en 1878. El área incorporada se dividió entre los condados de Staffordshire y Derbyshire - la Ley de Gobierno Local de 1888 incorporó la totalidad del distrito en Staffordshire, incluidas las antiguas parroquias de Derbyshire de Stapenhill y Winshill . Se convirtió en un municipio de condado en 1901, habiendo alcanzado la población de 50.000 necesaria.

Nunca superó sustancialmente la población de 50.000, y con una población de 50.201 en el censo de 1971 era el distrito de condado más pequeño de Inglaterra después de Canterbury . La Comisión de Gobierno Local de Inglaterra recomendó en la década de 1960 que se degradara a un municipio fuera del condado dentro de Staffordshire, pero esto no se implementó. En virtud de la Ley de Gobierno Local de 1972 , el 1 de abril de 1974, la ciudad se convirtió en un área sin parentesco en el nuevo distrito de East Staffordshire .

La ciudad se convirtió en parroquial por completo el 1 de abril de 2003, cuando se crearon las parroquias de Anglesey , Branston , Brizlincote , Burton , Horninglow y Eton , Shobnall , Stapenhill y Winshill . La parroquia de Burton solo cubre el centro de la ciudad, mientras que las otras parroquias cubren varios suburbios. [dieciséis]

Geografía [ editar ]

Burton está a unas 109 millas (175 km) al noroeste de Londres , [17] a unas 30 millas al noreste de Birmingham , la segunda ciudad más grande del Reino Unido [18] ya unas 23 millas al este de la ciudad del condado de Stafford . [19] Está en la frontera más oriental del condado de Staffordshire con Derbyshire, sus suburbios y el curso del río Trent forman parte del límite del condado. También está cerca del término sureste del canal de Trent y Mersey . Burton se encuentra dentro del límite norte del Bosque Nacional . [20]El centro de la ciudad está en la orilla occidental del río Trent, en el fondo de un valle; su altitud media es de unos 50 metros sobre el nivel del mar; el pueblo de Winshill y el suburbio de Stapenhill se elevan a 130 my 100 m respectivamente. [21]

Burton became a centre for the brewing industry due in part to the quality of the local water, which contains a high proportion of dissolved salts, predominantly caused by the gypsum in the surrounding hills. This allowed a greater proportion of hops, a natural preservative, to be included in the beer, thereby allowing the beer to be shipped further afield. Much of the open land within and around the town is protected from chemical treatment[citation needed] to help preserve this water quality.

Region[edit]

There is some confusion as to whether Burton is in the West Midlands or the East Midlands, even though the entire urban centre is southwest of the River Dove, which forms the Derbyshire/Staffordshire boundary. Being situated in Staffordshire, the town officially lies within the West Midlands region. Several factors contribute to the ambiguity of the town's status. The local vernacular shares more similarities with East Midlands English than West Midlands English; the town was formerly within the East Midlands Utility (electricity/gas) areas and has Derby postcodes (DE13-DE15). However, it is served by the BBC Midlands (West Midlands) region based in Birmingham and before consolidation exercises formed part of the ITV Central (West) region, again based in Birmingham.

Green belt[edit]

Main article: Burton upon Trent and Swadlincote Green Belt

The suburbs of Winshill, Brizlincote and Stapenhill to the southeast of the town lie along a green-belt area, in place to stop uncontrolled development which could cause Burton to, in time, merge with neighbouring Swadlincote. The majority of this green belt lies in Derbyshire, with small tracts within Staffordshire.[22]

Demography[edit]

The town had an estimated population of 43,784 in the 2001 Census. Stapenhill and Winshill were treated separately and together had a further population of 21,985 according to this source.[23] According to the 2001 census,[24] 71% of the town's population identify themselves as Christian, 12% as atheist or agnostic and 8.5% as Muslim. In the 2011 Census, the population of the town, now treated wholly, came to 72,299.

Economy[edit]

Brewing[edit]

Coors Brewers Maltings Division Shobnall Site, is located on Wellington Road. The maltings were built by the Bass Brewery, which was taken over by the American brewery Coors, around the late 1990s.
Main article: Brewers of Burton
See also: Burtonisation

For centuries brewing was Burton's major trade, and it is still an important part of its economy.

The town is currently home to eight breweries; Coors Brewers Ltd: formerly Bass Brewers Ltd, and now the UK arm of Molson Coors Brewing Company – which produces Carling and Worthington Bitter; Marston's, Thompson and Evershed plc, bought by Wolverhampton & Dudley Breweries now renamed Marstons plc. The Marston's Brewery produces its own brands, draught Marston's Pedigree, draught Hobgoblin and also draught Bass under licence from InBev.

Tower Brewery, Burton, a microbrewery based in the old Salts Water Tower of Walsitch Maltings, which were formerly used by the second biggest brewer in Burton

Burton Bridge Brewery is based in Bridge Street, with six pubs in and around Burton. It produces a number of traditional beers including Bridge Bitter, Stairway to Heaven, Damson Porter and Golden Delicious. Tower Brewery is a microbrewery off Wharf Road. Old Cottage Brewery is based in Hawkins Lane. Its beers include Oak Ale and Halcyon Daze. Black Hole Brewery is based at the Imex Centre. Gates Brewery microbrewery is in Reservoir Road.

Burton is also the corporate headquarters of the pub operators Punch Taverns plc and Spirit Pub Company, which were spun out of Bass in 1997. In addition, the White Shield microbrewery remains open alongside the National Brewery Centre (formerly the Bass Museum of Brewing).[25]

A by-product of the brewing industry is the Marmite factory in the town. The original Marmite factory (now demolished) was at the corner of Cross Street and Duke Street before they moved to the current factory on Wellington Road in the 1960s. The production of Marmite has in turn generated the production of Bovril. Both are owned by multinational company Unilever.[26][27]

Burton is also home to CAMRA's National Breweriana Auction that takes place each October in the Town Hall.

Manufacturing[edit]

Eatough's (sometimes Etough's) was a shoemaking firm from Leicestershire that opened a factory in Burton Road, Branston in 1920. It was the first British shoe factory to introduce music in the workplace (1936), and washable children's sandals ('Plastisha' 1957), but it closed in 1989 as a result of competition from cheap imports.

Briggs of Burton (formerly S. Briggs & Co.) is a Burton-based brewery and process engineering company established in 1732 by Samuel Briggs. Famous for its manufacturing innovation and craftsmanship across the world, Briggs moved from its works in New Street to Derby Street having taken over its rival Robert Morton DG in 1988.[28] The former site is now occupied by the Octagon Shopping Centre.

Established in 1740, Thornewill and Warham was a metal hardware and industrial metalwork manufacturer, later an engineering company that became a notable producer of steam engines and railway locomotives. It also constructed two footbridges across the River Trent in Burton. It too was acquired by S. Briggs & Co, in 1929.

Retail[edit]

Entrance to Cooper's Square shopping centre, Burton town centre
Burton Market Hall on market day. Built in 1883 to replace an older structure, the footprint of which is marked by four L-shaped metal pieces set into the ground roughly halfway between the church and the high street. The hall has a trussed roof with cast iron support pillars. Architects: Dixon & Moxon of Barnsley
The market square

Los jueves se ha celebrado un mercado en Burton desde que el rey John [7] concediera una carta al abad el 12 de abril de 1200. Burton tiene hoy un mercado interior y otro exterior, que son propiedad del Ayuntamiento de East Staffordshire. [29] En 2011, el consejo subcontrató la responsabilidad de los alquileres de los puestos de mercado a la agencia de alquiler privada Quarterbridge. [30] [31] El Market Hall fue construido en 1883 a partir de diseños de Dixon & Moxon de Barnsley y abre de martes a sábado. [32] Se añadió un mercado de pescado a la sala en 1925. [33] El mercado al aire libre se lleva a cabo todos los jueves, viernes y sábados de 8:30 a.m. a 4 p.m. [32] Un mercado de agricultores is held in the market square on the last Friday of every month.[34]

The Coopers Square shopping centre is the principal shopping area, opened in 1970 by the Princess Alexandra but since considerably upgraded with a roof being added in the mid-1990s. The older Riverside Shopping Centre (known as Bargates) is now demolished.

An additional shopping centre is the Octagon Centre on New Street, constructed in the mid-1980s. There is another, much smaller shopping centre, Burton Place Shopping Centre, which was built in 1986 and originally known as Worthington Walk. Also located in the town centre is Middleway Retail Park, which includes a Cineworld multiplex cinema, Mecca Bingo, Matalan and restaurants, including Bella Italia and Nando's.[35]

In 2005 a report by the New Economics Foundation rated Burton at 13.3 out of 60 for "individuality", putting it in the top ten clone towns in England, because of the large number of chain stores in the town centre.[36] Since then events such as a French market have been organised to bring more footfall into the town centre.

Services[edit]

At one time Nord Anglia Education had its office at Nord House in Burton-upon-Trent.[37]

Media services include Burton Mail and Capital Mid-Counties broadcasting on 102.4 FM from Winshill Water Tower.

Burton upon Trent power station in Wetmore Road generated electricity for the town, including the tram system, until it closed in 1976.

Distribution and warehousing[edit]

Due to Burton's relative location in the centre of England and its transport links which allow easy access to Birmingham (the second largest UK city), Derby, Nottingham, Leicester and other locations, there are a significant number of warehouses based in Burton (and nearby Fradley Park).

Notable businesses with distribution centres and warehouses include B&Q, Boots, Hobbycraft, Holland & Barrett, DHL, Waterstones, Clipper and Amazon.

Culture and community[edit]

Culture[edit]

The main venue for live theatre and other performing and visual arts is The Brewhouse,[38] which is run by East Staffordshire Council.[39] During the 1970s and 1980s a number of well known rock bands appeared at the 76 Club nightclub in Burton, including Dire Straits and the Sex Pistols. Bloodstock Open Air is an annual festival of heavy metal music, which takes place in August and has been held at Catton Hall in Walton-on-Trent, 8 miles south-west of Burton since 2005.[40]

Burton Operatic Society is a musical theatre company based in Burton and produces two productions each year. The town was also home to the Burton School of Speech and Drama on Guild Street where many professional and amateur actors and actresses learned their craft. Following the closure of the school in July 1984, its in-house amateur company, the Little Theatre Players, continued life as an independent amateur drama company called The Little Theatre Company. LTC currently stages at least four productions a year in the town: two plays, a musical and a youth production.

Burton has one of the oldest amateur radio clubs in the UK. It was formed in 1919, although there were enthusiasts of wireless telegraphy in Burton well before the First World War. One of the founder members of the club was F. V. A. Smith, call sign XSR, (X = experimental station). Smith was licensed on 3 July 1914 and one month later, he received a message from the Marconi spark transmitter at Poldhu in Cornwall, being sent to London, on the eve of the outbreak of war. The message, which has survived and is in the present club archives, was announcing the mobilisation of Russian, French and Belgian troops.

The Statutes Fair takes place in the town every year on the first Monday and Tuesday after Michaelmas (29 September). This is usually on the first Monday/Tuesday in October but can occasionally fall on 30 September/1 October as in 2002. The fair occupies the Market Place and parts of High Street, New Street and Lichfield Street for two days.

Community facilities[edit]

The local Sea Cadet unit is TS (Training Ship) Modwena alongside the River Trent and road bridge. The town's Air Training Corps unit is No 351 (Burton-upon-Trent) Squadron.[41] The local Army Reserve unit is F (Fire Support) Company, 4 Mercian Regiment, an infantry unit at Coltman House Army Reserve Centre, Hawkins Lane; the unit was formerly a volunteer brigade of the North Staffordshire Regiment.

Landmarks[edit]

The Burton Cooper, Coopers Square Shopping Centre The bronze sculpture, The Burton Cooper by James Walter Butler was commissioned in 1977 and depicts a local craftsman. It originally stood opposite the market and was moved to its present location in 1994.

The town's connection with the brewing industry is celebrated in The Burton Cooper, a bronze sculpture by James Walter Butler. It was commissioned in 1977 and depicts a local craftsman making a barrel. It originally stood opposite the market and—despite opposition from many townspeople—was moved to its present location inside the Cooper's Square Shopping Centre in 1994.

The National Brewery Centre (previously Coors Visitor Centre & the Museum of Brewing, before that it was the Bass Museum of Brewing), which celebrates the town's brewing heritage is its biggest tourist attraction. Claymills Pumping Station on the north side of Burton is a restored Victorian sewage pumping station, adjacent to the modern sewage works. Until 2005/2006 one of Burton's most distinguishable landmarks was Drakelow Power Station just south of Burton on the opposite side of the River Trent. The chimneys, boiler-house building and cooling towers have since been demolished.

The former Magistrates' Court is a distinctive neo-classical domed building in a commanding position facing Guild Street. It was built by Richard Kershaw to designs by Henry Beck and opened in 1909.[42]

Finney's post, part of an ornate mediaeval oak post which once stood at the corner of the Market Place and High Street, is now in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.

The Horninglow Street drill hall dates back to the early 19th century.[43]

Transport[edit]

River[edit]

Burton now lies on both sides of the River Trent. Historically there was just one bridge over the river, Burton Old bridge (which carries the A511) and there was a small ferry that operated from "time immemorial". This was eventually replaced by the Ferry Bridge. A second road crossing of the Trent is St Peter's Bridge (which carries the A5189) was opened in 1985.[44]

Road[edit]

The A38, which passes slightly north of the town connects Burton to Birmingham via Lichfield (South-West) and Derby (North-East). The A444 links traffic to Coventry and the M42 motorway and the A511 links traffic to Leicester. The A5121 carries traffic through the middle of Burton connecting to the A38, A5189 and A511 respectively. The A5189 runs (West-East) across Burton and connects the A444 through Burton and across the River Trent.

Rail[edit]

The town is served by Burton-on-Trent railway station, which is accessed from the bridge on Borough Road. The station has two platforms, (Platform One for Derby, Nottingham and the North), (Platform Two for Tamworth, Birmingham and the South). The station is situated on the Cross Country Route between the principal cities of Derby and Birmingham.

The station's operator is East Midlands Railway, although no East Midlands Railway trains call there. All of services are provided by CrossCountry, with trains between Cardiff Central, Birmingham and Nottingham as well as longer-distance services to destinations such as Bristol Temple Meads, Leeds and Newcastle. Burton is positioned at the southern terminus of the aborted Ivanhoe line.

The station utilises the PlusBus scheme where train and 'bus tickets can be bought together at a saving.

Bus[edit]

The town had its own municipal buses operated by Burton Corporation Transport and later East Staffordshire District Council after 1974. This was taken over by Stevensons of Uttoxeter in the mid-1980s and in turn was absorbed by Arriva Midlands in the late 1990s.

Midland Classic currently operate the majority of buses in the town to outlying areas such as Uttoxeter, Horninglow, Edge Hill, Stapenhill, Queen's Hospital Burton, Winshill, Stretton, Abbots Bromley, Tatenhill, Wetmore, Branston, Lichfield, Ashby-de-la-Zouch and East Midlands Airport having taken over the local depot of Arriva Midlands at Wetmore Road in August 2016.[45][46]

Arriva Midlands continue to operate service 29 to Coalville and Leicester along with service X38 to Derby, jointly run with trentbarton who also run the villager V1 and V3 services to Derby.

  • CrossCountry Class 220 at Burton-on-Trent railway station in August 2010

  • GB Railfreight 66717 at Burton-on-Trent railway station in August 2010

  • An Arriva Midlands bus in March 2010

Religious sites[edit]

The mother church of Burton is St Modwen's a Georgian building which replaced the former Burton Abbey's church. Other Anglican parish churches built to serve the expanding population include Holy Trinity, St Mark's, Winshill, St Paul's, St John the Divine, Horninglow, St Chad's, All Saints and St Mary's, Stretton.

There are five mosques in Burton, three Bareilvi or Sufi, one Deobandi and one Salafi.[47]There is a Sikh Gurdwara established in St Chad's Community Centre.[48]Although there was a small Jewish community in Burton in the early half of the 20th century, there is no record of a synagogue being established. There was however a close relationship with the community in Derby, whose minister acted as visiting teacher and shochet.[49]

  • St Modwen's Church

  • A Victorian drawing of Holy Trinity Church

  • St Paul's Church

  • St Chad's Church

Education[edit]

Burton & South Derbyshire College (BSDC) is a general further education college and is situated in the town centre. It attracts approximately 13,000 students from Burton and the surrounding towns and villages. It delivers a wide range of courses for all ages including 14- to 19-year-olds, adults into part-time study, employer training and higher education. Recently a 'university centre' has been developed within the college to enable students to study on franchised higher education courses, but is not in itself a university.

The University of Wolverhampton's School of Health and Wellbeing has a presence at Burton Health Education Centre located at the Queen's Hospital, which specialises in nursing.[50]

Sport[edit]

Pirelli Stadium, home of Burton Albion FC

Since the establishment of the Football League in 1888, Burton has been represented by four separate clubs in the League, two of which played in the league simultaneously in the 1890s. Burton Swifts became members of the Football League in 1892, and were joined by Burton Wanderers in 1894. Swifts played at Peel Croft, whilst Wanderers home ground was Derby Turn. Wanderers left the League in 1897, and the two clubs merged to form Burton United in 1901, with the new club playing at Peel Croft. United were voted out of the Football League in 1907,[51] and folded in 1910.[52] Burton All Saints were then left as the town's main club, becoming Burton Town in 1924, but folded in 1940.[53] In 1950 Burton Albion were founded. Having moved from Eton Park to the Pirelli Stadium in 2005, Albion became the town's fourth Football League club in 2009 after winning the Football Conference. The team now play in League 1, the third tier of the English football league system, following relegation in 2017-18, after two years in The Championship. Burton is also the location of the St George's Park National Football Centre, which opened in 2012.[54]

The Burton & District Cricket League[55] has many notable clubs, including Burton Cricket Club, Dunstall Cricket Club, Abbott's Bromley, Yoxall and Lichfield Cricket Club.

Burton Rugby Football Club, one of the oldest rugby union clubs in the country, was established in 1870, when it played both association and rugby football rules. It did not adopt rugby union only rules until 1876.[56]

The town is also home to the Burton Canoe Club on the banks of the River Trent. It has recently expanded and built its own clubhouse. Also along the River Trent in Burton are Burton Leander Rowing Club, which was founded in 1847 (and is one of the oldest rowing clubs in the country), and Trent Rowing Club, founded in 1863.

Burton Hockey Club[57] was established in 1899. The club promotes and supports seven men's teams, four ladies' teams, and a popular and successful youth academy. Home matches are played at Shobnall Leisure Complex in the shadows of Marstons Brewery, Shobnall Road. The club has also been recognised as working towards providing a Safe, Effective and Child Friendly club environment, and as such has been awarded the England Hockey Club's First Accreditation, (EH id: 1180).

Burton is home to the Powerhouse Gym International All-Round Weightlifting team, which was set up in 1985 by Steve Gardner (former World All-Round Weightlifting Champion - inducted into the IAWA (UK) Hall of Fame in 2000). The club trains All-Round Weightlifters, including powerlifting and Olympic weightlifting and is affiliated to the International All-Round Weightlifting Association.[58] The Burton club hosted the 2008 IAWA World Championships.[59]

Notable people[edit]

Statue of Blessed Robert Sutton
Sir Jeffry Wyatville, 1828
Andrew Griffiths MP, 2017
Paddy Considine, 2011

Early times[edit]

  • Robert Sutton (1544-1587 in Stafford) a Roman Catholic priest and martyr, beatified in 1987.
  • Edward Wightman (c.1580–1612), a General Baptist, last religious martyr to be burnt at the stake for 'heresy' in England.
  • Daniel Watson (c.1617–1683) an English lawyer and politician, a captain of dragoons in the Derbyshire cavalry, a J.P. and he acquired and lived in Nether Hall[60]

18th C.[edit]

  • Isaac Hawkins Browne FRS (1705–1760) politician, poet,[61] and MP for Much Wenlock 1744-1754, friend of Samuel Johnson
  • William Bass, (1717–1787) founder of the brewery business of Bass & Co in Burton in 1777
  • John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent, (1735–1823) Admiral of the Fleet studied at Burton Grammar School from 1745 to 1749.
  • Sir Jeffry Wyatville RA (1766–1840) an English architect and garden designer, made alterations and extensions to Chatsworth House and Windsor Castle.

19th C.[edit]

  • Michael Arthur Bass, 1st Baron Burton (1837–1909), industrialist, politician and philanthropist, member of the Bass brewing dynasty.[62]
  • John Gretton, 1st Baron Gretton CBE, VD, TD, PC, JP, DL (1867–1947) businessman, Conservative MP for Burton 1918-1943 and gold medallist at the 1900 Summer Olympics[63]
  • Sir William Bass, 2nd Baronet (1879–1952) a British racehorse owner and supporter of the early British film industry
  • Arthur Mayger Hind (1880–1957), art historian and Keeper of the Department of Prints, British Museum, 1933-1945
  • William Harold Coltman VC, DCM & Bar, MM & Bar (1891–1974) recipient of the Victoria Cross
  • Lieutenant Colonel James Herbert Porter (1892–1973); creator of Newcastle Brown Ale
  • Oswald Mosley (1896–1980), leader of the British Union of Fascists.

20th C.[edit]

  • Mabel Mercer (1900-1984), Jazz and Cabaret singer
  • Rosalyn Boulter (1916–1997), actress, George Formby's co-star in George In Civvy Street as well as many British films[citation needed]
  • Phil Seamen, (1926–1972), jazz drummer, who played and recorded with many famous jazz musicians
  • Sir Stanley Clarke CBE, (1933–2004) businessman (St. Modwen Properties plc) and racecourse owner
  • Philip Bond, (1934–2017) actor, played Albert Frazer in the 1970s BBC nautical drama The Onedin Line
  • Christine Grahame MSP (born 1944), SNP politician and Deputy Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament
  • David Macaulay, (born 1946), illustrator and writer
  • Anthony Hardy, (1951–2020) convicted serial murderer
  • Alastair Yates (1952–2018) former Sky News and BBC News journalist
  • Brigadier Mike Stone (born 1953) a retired British Army officer, former Director of Information of the British Army and former Chief Information Officer of the Ministry of Defence
  • Joe Jackson, (born 1954) an English musician and singer-songwriter
  • Nicholas Whittaker, (born 1957), author, journalist and former pupil of Burton Grammar School
  • Paul Harvey (born 1960) a British musician and Stuckist artist
  • Andrew Bridgen MP (born 1964), Conservative Party MP for North West Leicestershire. Brexiteer.[64]
  • Alison Lapper MBE (born 1965) an English artist, member of the Association of Mouth and Foot Painting Artists of the World
  • Andrew Griffiths MP (born 1970) Conservative for Burton[65]
  • Paddy Considine, (born 1973), actor, film director, screenwriter, and musician
  • Nathan Dawe (born 1994) DJ and producer
  • The Leisure Society (formed 2009) rock band formed by Nick Hemming
  • Luca Gallone , (born 1996) magician

Sport[edit]

Peter Hickman, 2015
Lewin Nyatanga, 2006
  • Arthur Girling (1807–1849) a cricketer who played for the North of England cricket team and Manchester
  • Adrian Capes (1873–1955) and Arthur Capes (1875–1945) footballing brothers, over 640 pro appearances between them
  • George Newberry (1917–1978) a track cyclist, bronze medallist in the 4.000m team pursuit at the 1952 Summer Olympics
  • David Nish, (born 1947) former Leicester City and Derby County footballer who broke the British transfer record in 1972.[66]
  • Vic Halom (born 1948) a former footballer, played 452 pro games and stood for Parliament in Sunderland North in 1992[67]
  • Mark Holtom (born 1958) a retired English 110 m hurdler, who competed in the 1980 and 1984 Summer Olympics
  • Neville Brown (born 1966) a British former boxer, British middleweight champion 1993-1998[68]
  • Mark Sale (born 1972) an English former professional footballer who played 321 pro games, now a first team coach under Gary Rowett with Stoke City[69]
  • Darren Stride (born 1975) a former professional footballer, captained Burton Albion for 12 years and played 654 games[70]
  • Tracey Hallam (born 1975) a former English badminton player, competed in the 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympics
  • Beth Rodford (born 1982) a British rower, she participated in the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics in London[71]
  • Peter Hickman, (born 1987) English professional motorcycle racer.
  • Lewin Nyatanga, (born 1988), professional footballer plays for Northampton Town F.C. (on loan from Barnsley).[72]
  • Emily Simpkins (born 1990) an English footballer who plays as a midfielder for Brighton & Hove Albion W.F.C.
  • Frazer Clarke (born 1991) a British professional boxer who won the super heavyweight division at the Rio 2016 test event.

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

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  2. ^ "table KS01 (Key Statistics 2001) Usual resident population". ONS. Retrieved 13 March 2012.Stapenhill and Winshill are treated as separate and together have a population of 21,985 according to this source
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  4. ^ a b c Tringham, Nigel J. "Burton-upon-Trent General history". British HIstory Online. University of London & History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
  5. ^ G C Baugh; L W Cowie; J C Dickinson; A P Duggan; A K B Evans; R H Evans; Una C Hannam; P Heath; D A Johnston; Hilda Johnstone; Ann J Kettle; J L Kirby; R Mansfield; A Saltman. Greenslade, M W; Pugh, R B (eds.). "Houses of Benedictine monks The abbey of Burton". British History Online. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
  6. ^ Tringham, Nigel J. "Burton-upon-Trent Growth of settlement". British History Online. University of London & History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
  7. ^ a b White, William. "From History, Gazetteer and Directory of Staffordshire, William White, Sheffield, 1851". GENUKI:Burton Upon Trent. GENUKI. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  8. ^ "Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs to 1516; Staffordshire". The Institute of Historical Research. Centre for Metropolitan History. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  9. ^ Letter from the abbot of Burton describing Burton Bridge in C.H. Underhill, A History of Burton on Trent (Burton, 1941), p. 168.
  10. ^ William Boyd, Calendar State Papers Scotland: 1585-1586, vol. 8 (Edinburgh, 1914), p. 61.
  11. ^ Gallagher, Kevin. "Sir William Paget – 1st Baron Paget of Beaudesert". Burton on Trent Local History. Kevin Gallagher. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
  12. ^ "Paget, William (1572–1628) 4th Baron Paget". The National Archives. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
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  15. ^ "Election 2010 > UK > England > West Midlands > Burton". BBC News.
  16. ^ "Communities and Local Government". Archived from the original on 7 December 2005.
  17. ^ "Measuring the Distance Between London Great Britain & Burton-on-Trent Great Britain". Distance Calculator. distance-calculator.co.uk. Retrieved 1 April 2012.
  18. ^ Google Maps (29.9 miles) and British Rail timetable (30.1 miles)
  19. ^ "Stafford Distance to Burton On Trent in Great Britain". Distance Calculator. distance-calculator.co.uk. Retrieved 1 April 2012.
  20. ^ "Location of the National Forest". nationalforest.org. The National Forest Company. Retrieved 1 April 2012.
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  22. ^ "Planning policy - FAQ - East Staffordshire Borough Council". www.eaststaffsbc.gov.uk.
  23. ^ "table KS01 (Key Statistics 2001) Usual resident population". ONS. Retrieved 13 March 2012.
  24. ^ http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-areas-in-england-and-wales/urban-areas-in-england-and-wales-ks07--religion.xls
  25. ^ "Home". Molson Coors.
  26. ^ "Marmite - Food brands - Unilever". Archived from the original on 13 March 2010.
  27. ^ "Bovril | Food brands | Unilever". Archived from the original on 11 April 2012.
  28. ^ "Acquisition of Robert Morton by Briggs". Briggs Of Burton. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
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  31. ^ Fletcher, Tim (29 June 2011). "Optimistic outlook after indoor market showdown". Burton Mail. Archived from the original on 19 April 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  32. ^ a b "Burton upon Trent Market". ESBC-East Staffordshire Markets. East Staffordshire Borough Council. Archived from the original on 15 June 2012. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  33. ^ Gallagher, Kevin. "Market Hall– General History". The local history of Burton on Trent. Kevin Gallagher. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  34. ^ "Farmers markets staffordshire". A taste of staffordshire. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  35. ^ "Nando's opens doors in Burton today – take a sneak peak with our exclusive look around". Burton Mail. Archived from the original on 27 November 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  36. ^ Hill, Ed (13 October 2005). "Market Brings OOH-LA-LA". Burton Mail. Archived from the original on 20 April 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  37. ^ "Contact Us" (). Nord Anglia Education. Retrieved on 5 March 2016. "Head Office Nord Anglia Education PLC Nord House Third Avenue Centrum 100 Burton-upon-Trent Staffordshire DE14 2WD " and "International Schools Division Anglia House Carrs Road Cheadle Cheshire SK8 2LA " and "Learning Services Division Anglia House Carrs Road Cheadle Cheshire SK8 2LA "
  38. ^ "The Brewhouse". Archived from the original on 16 May 2008.
  39. ^ "East Staffordshire Borough Council - East Staffordshire Borough Council".
  40. ^ Soar, Daryl (19 August 2011). "Heavy weekend can get into your blood". Burton Mail. Archived from the original on 28 August 2012. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  41. ^ "351(Burton-on-Trent) Squadron ATC".
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  45. ^ Arriva in talks to sell Burton bus services to Midland Classic[permanent dead link] Burton Mail 26 April 2016
  46. ^ Arriva plans sale of Burton operation to Midland Classic Route One 27 April 2016
  47. ^ "Mosques in Burton On Trent, Staffordshire (5)". UK Mosques directory. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
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  54. ^ "The Vision". The FA. 6 May 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
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  56. ^ "Historical Rugby Milestones 1870s". Rugby Football History. www.rugbyfootballhistory.com. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
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Bibliography[edit]

  • Joseph Addison in The Spectator in 1712 recorded visiting Vauxhall Gardens where he drank a glass of Burton ale.
  • In the poem "Terence, this is stupid stuff" from A.E. Housman's A Shropshire Lad, the speaker asks the question, "Say, for what were hop-yards meant, / Or why was Burton built on Trent?" referring to the town's history of beer brewing.

Further reading[edit]

  • Burton-on-Trent, Its History, Its Waters and Its Breweries by W Molyneux. Published by Trubner, 1869.
  • History of Burton upon Trent by CH Underhill. Published by Tresises, Burton, 1941.
  • County Borough, the History of Burton upon Trent 1901–1974. Part 1, Edwardian Burton by Denis Stuart. Published by The Charter Trustees of Burton upon Trent, 1975.
  • County Borough, the History of Burton upon Trent 1901–1974. Part 2, 1914–1974 by Denis Stuart. Published by The Charter Trustees of Burton upon Trent, 1977.
  • Deus Nobiscum, A History of Burton Grammar School by GE Radford. Published by GE Radford, 1973.
  • A Brief History of St Modwen's, the Parish Church of Burton-upon-Trent by Ernest Aldington Hunt. Published by British Publishing Co, Gloucester, 1973.
  • The Development of Industry in Burton-upon-Trent by CC Owen. Published by Phillimore, Chichester, 1978.
  • Charters of Burton Abbey by PH Sawyer. Published by Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1979.

External links[edit]

  • Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Burton-upon-Trent" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 04 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 866, 867.
  • Burton Local History
  • Love Burton History previously Burton 2000