DuterteNomics es un término general que se refiere a las políticas socioeconómicas de Rodrigo Duterte , el decimosexto y actual presidente de Filipinas . Una parte importante de estas políticas incluye el desarrollo de infraestructura e industrias en Filipinas . [1]
![](http://wikiimg.tojsiabtv.com/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/DuterteNomics_logo.png/300px-DuterteNomics_logo.png)
Fondo
El secretario de Finanzas, Carlos Domínguez III, ha dicho que el gobierno requirió lo que él describe como una estrategia económica "audaz" para que Filipinas "alcance a sus vecinos más vibrantes" para 2022 y lo ayude a alcanzar el estatus de economía de altos ingresos en una generación. . El término DuterteNomics se acuñó para describir la política económica de la administración Duterte. El término también se refiere a la serie de foros donde el equipo económico de Duterte presenta el plan de la administración para ayudar al país a convertirse en una economía de ingresos medianos altos para 2022. [2]
La política fue presentada el 18 de abril de 2017 por el Departamento de Finanzas y la Oficina de Operaciones de Comunicaciones Presidenciales (PCOO), en cooperación con el Centro de Estrategia, Empresa e Inteligencia (CenSEI) en un foro celebrado en Conrad Manila en Pasay . Un segundo foro se llevó a cabo el 25 de abril de 2017 [2].
DuterteNomics también se presentó en el extranjero, particularmente en el Foro Económico Mundial de 2017 sobre la Asociación de Naciones del Sudeste Asiático en Camboya y al margen del Foro One Belt One Road para la Cooperación Internacional 2017 en Beijing, China. [2]
Agenda de diez puntos
El equipo económico del entonces presidente electo Rodrigo Duterte presentó los siguientes puntos de la política socioeconómica de Duterte en un foro empresarial en Davao en junio de 2016. [3] DuterteNomics se basa en estos diez principios. [2]
- Continuar y mantener las políticas macroeconómicas actuales, incluidas las políticas fiscales, monetarias y comerciales.
- Instituir una reforma tributaria progresiva y una recaudación tributaria más efectiva, indexando los impuestos a la inflación.
- Incrementar la competitividad y la facilidad para hacer negocios.
- Acelerar el gasto anual en infraestructura para que represente el 5% del PIB, con las asociaciones público-privadas desempeñando un papel clave.
- Promover el desarrollo rural y de la cadena de valor para aumentar la productividad de las empresas agrícolas y rurales y el turismo rural.
- Garantizar la seguridad de la tenencia de la tierra para fomentar las inversiones y abordar los cuellos de botella en las agencias de gestión y titulación de la tierra.
- Invertir en el desarrollo del capital humano, incluidos los sistemas de salud y educación, y combinar habilidades y capacitación.
- Promover la ciencia, la tecnología y las artes creativas para mejorar la innovación y la capacidad creativa.
- Mejorar los programas de protección social, incluido el programa de transferencias monetarias condicionadas del gobierno.
- Fortalecer la implementación de la Ley de Paternidad Responsable y Salud Reproductiva.
¡Construir! ¡Construir! ¡Construir! Programa
Parte de DuterteNomics es Build! ¡Construir! ¡Construir! Plan de Infraestructura que según la administración marcará el comienzo de la "Edad de Oro de la Infraestructura". Los objetivos del programa son reducir la pobreza, fomentar el crecimiento económico y reducir la congestión en Metro Manila . [4]
En noviembre de 2019, el gobierno revisó su lista de proyectos emblemáticos de infraestructura bajo el programa "Construir, Construir, Construir" de Duterte, ampliándola a 100. [5] [6] Fue revisada nuevamente en agosto de 2020, llevando el número total de proyectos a 104, que amplió su alcance incluyó tecnología de la salud, la información y las comunicaciones, así como proyectos de infraestructura hídrica para apoyar el crecimiento económico del país y la recuperación de los efectos de la pandemia COVID-19 . Al 11 de septiembre de 2020, 24 proyectos aún se encuentran en las etapas de aprobación y planificación, mientras que 80 estaban en ejecución. [7]
En noviembre de 2019, desde que Duterte asumió su cargo en junio de 2016, un total de 9,845 kilómetros (6,117 millas) de carreteras, 2,709 puentes, 4,536 proyectos de control de inundaciones, 82 centros de evacuación y 71,803 aulas bajo el programa “¡Construir! ¡Construir! ¡Construir!" se completaron el programa. [8]
A junio de 2021, se habían completado 212 proyectos aeroportuarios, 446 proyectos portuarios comerciales, sociales y turísticos, 26.494 kilómetros (16.463 millas) de carreteras y 5.555 puentes en el marco del programa de infraestructura. [9]
Proyectos asociados
Transporte y movilidad
Vias ferreas
Proyecto | Construcción | Estado | Fecha de Terminación | Árbitro. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Extensión sur de la línea 1 del LRT | 2019-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [10] |
Extensión este de la línea 2 de LRT | 2015-2021 | Terminado | 1 de julio de 2021 | [11] |
Extensión oeste de la línea 2 del LRT | 2021–2024 | Propuesto | 2024 | [12] |
Rehabilitación MRT Line 3 | 2019-2021 | En marcha | Diciembre de 2021 | [12] |
MRT Línea 4 | 2021-2025 | Propuesto | 2025 | [12] |
LRT Línea 6 | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Línea 7 de MRT | 2017-2022 | Bajo construcción | Diciembre de 2022 | [13] |
Metro de Manila (Fase 1) | 2019-2026 | Bajo construcción | 2026 | [14] |
MRT Línea 10 | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Línea 11 de MRT | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Estación North Avenue Common | 2017-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [15] |
PNR North-South Commuter Railway (NSCR) | 2019-2025 | Bajo construcción | 2025 | [dieciséis] |
PNR South Long Haul | Propuesto | 2025 | [dieciséis] | |
SkyTrain (Fort Bonifacio – Makati SkyTrain) | TBD | Propuesto | TBD | [12] |
Ferrocarril Subic-Clark | Propuesto | 2024 | [17] | |
Fase 1 del ferrocarril de Mindanao (segmento de Tagum-Davao-Digos) | Propuesto | Junio 2023 | [18] | |
Sistema de monorraíl de Cebú | Propuesto | [12] |
Transporte urbano
Proyecto | Construcción | Estado | Fecha de Terminación | Árbitro. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cebu Bus Rapid Transit | 2017-2022 | Bajo construcción | Marzo 2022 | [12] |
Proyecto de modernización del transporte público de Davao | En marcha | [12] | ||
Proyecto EDSA Busway Concourse | 2021–2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [19] |
Metro Manila BRT Línea 1 (Quezon Avenue) | Propuesto | 2022 | [12] | |
Intercambio Terminal Integrado de Parañaque | 2015-2018 | Terminado | 5 de noviembre de 2018 | [12] |
Intercambio de terminales integrado de Taguig | 2018-2021 | Bajo construcción | 2021 | [12] |
Carreteras
Proyecto | Construcción | Estado | Fecha de Terminación | Árbitro. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Carretera económica Bacolod-Negros Occidental | 2017-2024 | Bajo construcción | 2024 | [12] [20] |
Carretera circunferencial de Boracay (Fase 1 y 2) | ? –2020 | Terminado | 4 de diciembre de 2020 | [12] [21] |
Carretera costera Cagayán de Oro | 1997-2017 | Terminado | 10 de noviembre de 2017 | [12] [22] |
Carretera de circunvalación de Camalig | ? –2021 | Terminado | 15 de junio de 2021 | [23] |
Carretera de Alta Velocidad Camarines Sur | 2019– | Bajo construcción | [12] | |
Vía rápida Cebu – Cordova Link (CCLEX) | 2018-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [24] |
Carretera de circunvalación de la ciudad de Davao | 2020-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [25] |
Carretera costera de la ciudad de Davao | 2017-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [25] |
Autopista de la ciudad de Davao | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Vías Verdes EDSA | 2021–2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [12] [26] |
Puentes icónicos para el desarrollo socioeconómico | Bajo construcción | [12] | ||
Mejora de los corredores de crecimiento en el proyecto del sector vial de Mindanao (antiguo puente Interlink Tawi-Tawi y puente Guicam) | Bajo construcción | [27] | ||
Metro Cebu Expressway | ? –2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [27] |
Red de carreteras de desarrollo de Mindanao | Bajo construcción | [27] | ||
Carretera Económica Nueva Bacolod | Bajo construcción | [27] | ||
Carretera costera de turismo Pasacao-Balatan | 2019– | Bajo construcción | [12] | |
Proyecto de desarrollo de redes de carreteras en zonas afectadas por conflictos en Mindanao | Bajo construcción | [27] | ||
Carretera costera del Pacífico de Samar | ? –2021 | Bajo construcción | Junio 2021 | [12] [28] |
Carretera Sindangan-Bayog-Lakewood | ? –2021 | Bajo construcción | [12] | |
Carretera costera de la ciudad de Sorsogon | 2015-2020 | Terminado | 30 de agosto de 2020 | [29] |
Carretera Surallah-T'boli-San Jose | ? –2021 | Bajo construcción | [12] | |
Vía de circunvalación de Urdaneta | 2019-2021 | Terminado | 18 de enero de 2021 | [12] [30] |
Puentes entre islas | ||||
Puente de interconexión Bataan-Cavite | Propuesto | 2026 | [31] | |
Proyecto de construcción del puente Cebu-Mactan y la carretera costera | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Puente Coron-Culion | 2021– | Bajo construcción | ||
Puente Davao-Samal | Propuesto | [32] | ||
Súper puente Mindoro – Batangas | Propuesto | [33] | ||
Puente Panay – Guimaras – Negros (Fase 1) | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Puente conector costa afuera de la ciudad de Panglao-Tagbilaran | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Puente de la bahía de Panguil | 2021–2023 | Bajo construcción | Diciembre 2023 | [27] |
Puente conector de la ciudad de Samal Island-Davao | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Puente Roma Point | 2018– | Bajo construcción | [34] | |
Red de autopistas de Luzón Spine [27] [35] | ||||
Autopista C-5 Southlink | 2016-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [36] |
Autopista Cavite-Laguna (CALAX) | 2018-2023 | Bajo construcción | 2023 | |
Autopista Cavite – Tagaytay – Batangas | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Autopista de enlace de Luzón central (CLLEX) | 2017–2021 | Terminado | 15 de julio de 2021 | [35] |
Metro Manila Skyway Etapa 3 | 2014-2021 | Terminado | 15 de enero de 2021 | [37] |
Autopista Este del Norte de Luzón (NLEE) | Bajo construcción | [35] | ||
Enlace NLEX Harbour | 2014-2020 | Terminado | 15 de junio de 2020 | [38] |
Extensión de NLEX Harbour Link a Anda Circle | Propuesto | [12] | ||
NLEX – SLEX Connector Road | 2019-2022 | Bajo construcción | Marzo 2022 | [37] [36] |
Carretera de circunvalación de Plaridel (Fase 2 y 3) | 2014-2020 | Terminado | Diciembre de 2020 | [39] |
Autopista Quezón-Bicol | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Autopista del sudeste de Metro Manila (SEMME) | 2018-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [36] |
SLEX Autopista de peaje 4 | 2019-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [35] |
SLEX Autopista de peaje 5 | Propuesto | [35] | ||
Expansión de la autopista Subic Freeport | 2019-2021 | Terminado | 19 de febrero de 2021 | [40] |
Ampliación de la autopista Tarlac – Pangasinan – La Union (TPLEX) | Propuesto | [35] | ||
Red de mejora logística de Metro Manila [41] | ||||
Puente Binondo-Intramuros | 2018-2021 | Bajo construcción | Diciembre de 2021 | [41] |
Puente Eastbank-Westbank 2 | 2021–2023 | Propuesto | 2023 | [42] |
Puente Estrella – Pantaleon | 2019-2021 | Bajo construcción | Julio 2021 | [41] |
Bonifacio Global City - Ortigas Center Link Road ( Santa Monica – Lawton Bridge and Viaduct ) | 2018-2021 | Terminado | 12 de junio de 2021 | [41] |
Puente JP Rizal – Lopez Jaena | Propuesto | [42] | ||
JP Rizal – St. Puente de María | Propuesto | [42] | ||
Carretera Laguna Lake | 2016-2018 | Terminado | 15 de noviembre de 2018 | [36] |
Puente Marikina – Vista Real | Propuesto | [42] | ||
Extensión de la avenida Mindanao | 2017– | Bajo construcción | [36] | |
Puente de puerto norte-sur | 2021–2023 | Propuesto | 2023 | [42] |
Puente Palanca – Villegas | 2021–2023 | Propuesto | 2023 | [42] |
Proyecto de mejora sísmica de puentes prioritarios de Metro Manila [42] | ||||
Rehabilitación Puente Guadalupe | Propuesto | [42] [36] | ||
Mejora vertical del puente Lambingan | Propuesto | [42] [36] |
Aeropuertos
Proyecto | Construcción | Estado | Fecha de Terminación | Árbitro. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aeropuerto internacional Bacolod-Silay | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Proyecto de desarrollo del aeropuerto internacional de Bicol (Nueva Legazpi) | 2016-2021 | Bajo construcción | 2021 | [43] |
Aeropuerto Internacional de Bohol-Panglao (Nuevo Aeropuerto Internacional de Bohol) | 2016-2018 | Terminado | 27 de noviembre de 2018 | [44] |
Ampliación del aeropuerto de Calbayog | 2017–2021 | Terminado | 5 de mayo de 2021 | |
Proyecto de expansión del Aeropuerto Internacional de Clark Fase 1 | 2017–2021 | Bajo construcción | Julio 2021 | [45] [46] |
Proyecto de desarrollo del aeropuerto de M'lang (Mindanao central) | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Ampliación del aeropuerto internacional de Davao | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Ampliación del Aeropuerto Internacional General Santos | Bajo construcción | [47] | ||
Ampliación del aeropuerto internacional de Iloilo | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Ampliación del aeropuerto internacional de Kalibo | 2018-2021 | Terminado | 4 de junio de 2021 | [12] [48] |
Ampliación del aeropuerto de Laguindingan | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Ampliación del aeropuerto internacional de Mactan-Cebu | 2015-2021 | Terminado | 5 de mayo de 2021 | [49] |
Nuevo aeropuerto internacional de Manila | 2020-2026 | Bajo construcción | 2026 | [50] |
Ampliación del Aeropuerto Internacional Ninoy Aquino | Propuesto | [12] | ||
Ampliación del Aeropuerto Internacional de Puerto Princesa | Propuesto | [51] | ||
Aeropuerto de Sangley Point | 2019-2020 | Terminado | 15 de febrero de 2020 | [52] |
Aeropuerto Internacional Cagayan North ( Aeropuerto Internacional Lal-lo) | ? –18 | Terminado | 23 de marzo de 2018 | [43] |
Puertos marítimos
Proyecto | Construcción | Estado | Fecha de Terminación | Árbitro. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Puerto de Borac | ? –2019 | Terminado | Noviembre de 2019 | [53] |
Nuevo puerto internacional de contenedores de Cebú | 2021–2024 | Propuesto | 28 de marzo de 2024 | [12] |
Puerto de San Fernando | 2019-2020 | Terminado | Junio de 2020 | [53] |
Puerto de Bataraza | ? –2018 | Terminado | 15 de febrero de 2018 | [53] |
Desarrollo Urbano
Proyecto | Construcción | Estado | Fecha de Terminación | Árbitro. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ambal río Simuay y Río Grande de Mindanao control de inundaciones | Propuesto | [17] | ||
Redes de carriles bici Bayanihan 2 | 2021–2021 | Terminado | 30 de junio de 2021 | [54] [55] [56] |
Programa de gestión de inundaciones en el área industrial de Cavite | Propuesto | [57] | ||
Asistencia de emergencia para la reconstrucción y recuperación de Marawi (Producto 2: Plan de reconstrucción y desarrollo para un Gran Marawi, Etapa 2) | 2017-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [12] |
Reducción integrada del riesgo de desastres y adaptación al cambio climático en áreas bajas de Pampanga Bay | 2018-2022 | Bajo construcción | Marzo 2022 | [12] [58] |
Terraplén de la marea de Leyte | 2016-2022 | Bajo construcción | 2022 | [27] |
Marawi Rehabilitation (China Grant)
| 2017–2021 | Under-construction | December 2021 | [12] |
New Clark City Phase 1:
| 2016–2019 | Completed | October 2019 | [12][46][59] |
Pasig–Marikina River Channel Improvement project (Phase IV) | Under-construction | |||
Reconstruction and Development Plan for Greater Marawi | 2017–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 | [12] |
Water resources
Project | Construction | Status | Completion date | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Angat Water Transmission Improvement project | 2016–2020 | Completed | June 2020 | [60] |
Aqueduct No. 7 project | Proposed | [12] | ||
Balog-Balog Multipurpose project Phase II | Under-construction | [12] | ||
Bohol Northeast Basin Multipurpose Dam project | Proposed | [12][57] | ||
Chico Pump Irrigation project | 2018–2021 | Under-construction | December 2021 | [61] |
Jalaur River Multipurpose project Phase II | 2019–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 | [12][62] |
Lower Agno River Irrigation System Improvement project | 2018–2022 | Under-construction | December 2022 | [15] |
National Irrigation Sector Rehabilitation and Improvement project | 2013– | Ongoing | [12] | |
New Centennial Water Source – Kaliwa Dam project | Under-construction | 2026 | [12][57][63] | |
Malitubog-Maridagao Irrigation project | Proposed | [12] | ||
Water District Development Sector projects (ADB-WDDSP) | Proposed | [12] | ||
Wawa Bulk Water Supply project | Proposed | [12] |
Information and Communications Technology
Project | Construction | Status | Completion Date | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
ICT Capability Development and Management Program | Under-construction | [12][64] | ||
LTO Command Center | Proposed | [12] | ||
Luzon Bypass Infrastructure project | Completed | [12][46][64] | ||
Motor Vehicle Recognition and Enhancement System | Proposed | [12] | ||
National Broadband Program | Under-construction | [12][64] | ||
National Government Data Center | Proposed | [12] | ||
National Interoperable Automatic Fare Collection System project (formerly Automated Fare Collection Clearing House) | Proposed | [12] | ||
Philippine Identification System | 2020- | Ongoing | [12][65] | |
Road Transport Information Technology Infrastructure project Phase I (LTO IT) | Under-construction | 2022 | [12][64] | |
Safe Philippines Project Phase 1 | Proposed | [12] |
Power and energy
Project | Construction | Status | Completion Date | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Agus 3 Hydroelectric Power project (225 MW) | Proposed | [12] | ||
Agus-Pulangi Rehabilitation project | Proposed | [12] |
Health
Project | Construction | Status | Completion Date | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Virology Science and Technology Institute of the Philippines | Proposed | [12][66] |
Flood Control
Project | Construction | Status | Completion Date | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Leyte Tide Embankment | 2016–2022 | Under-construction | 2022 | [27] |
Tendencias económicas
Economic outlook
In December 2017, government data revealed that the Philippines' output of nickel ore fell 16 percent in the third quarter from a year earlier, after the country, which is the world's top supplier of the metal, suspended some mines in a clampdown on environmental violations. Production dropped to 19.8 million tons in the nine months to September from 25.97 million tonnes a year ago, according to the data.[67] According to Finance Secretary Carlos Dominguez, the "Philippine economy is delivering the performance we anticipated, notwithstanding the political noise and a significant terrorist event in Mindanao". Dominguez gave the assessment during the Banyan Tree Leadership Forum of the Center for Strategic and International Studies.[68]
On March 31, 2018, the Financial Times reported that the export of the Philippines has continued its drastic drop for the fifth month in a row,[69] while the Philippine Statistics Authority reported that the trade deficit of the country has widened to 47.6%, endangering further the country's local economies.[70]
In October 2018, the World Bank downgraded the economic outlook of the Philippines for 2018, but expects it to remain strong.[71] FMIC and UA&P expect the economy to improve in the second half of 2018.[72] On October 24, the Philippines improved its ranking by 29 places in the Ease of Doing Business rankings.[73]
On November 2, 2018, the Philippines slipped 11 places from the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business rankings.[74][75] The Department of Finance is demanding a correction from the World Bank, citing the smaller data set used to assess the country's credit base.[76][77]
Inflation rate
On July 5, 2018, the inflation rate of the country soared to 5.2%, its highest in 5 years.[78] The inflation rate worsened the impacts of the government's new tax policy, increasing the price of all goods in the country.[79]
In September 2018, the inflation rate of the country further increased to 6.7%, its highest in a decade.[80][81] President Duterte blamed American president Donald Trump for the inflation increase.[82] Opposition Senator Francis Pangilinan, however, pointed out that if the United States was to blame, then all countries in ASEAN should have been experiencing the same, and only the Philippines had a very high inflation rate in the entire region at that time.[83] On September 21, 2018, Duterte signed Administrative Order No. 13, removing non-tariff barriers in the importation of agricultural products, to address soaring inflation rates.[84][85]
According to ING, with food prices decreasing, the worst of the inflation crisis is over.[86] Inflation decreased in November 2018, at 5.8 to 6.6 percent.[87] BSP decreased its inflation forecast for 2019, after the passage of the rice tariffication bill.[88]
Inflation further increased to 6.7 percent in October 2018, higher than expected.[89] July 2019 was met with a 2.4% inflation rate.[90] October 2019 received an 0.8% inflation rate, the lowest under Duterte.[91] However, this increased to 2.5% by December 2019.[92] and increased again to 2.7% by July 2020.[93]
Income and employment
Economic managers predict the accession of the Philippine economy to upper-middle-income status by 2019, citing massive infrastructure spending and robust growth.[94][95][96]
COVID-19 pandemic
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) Governor Benjamin Diokno and then-NEDA Director-General Ernesto Pernia forecast that the Philippine economy would likely enter a recession in 2020 due to the effect of the pandemic. Diokno stated that, although the first quarter is likely to grow by 3% since the Luzon-wide enhanced community quarantine only took effect near the end of the quarter, the second and third quarters would likely experience contractions in economic growth.[97]
The unemployment rate of the country continued to follow a downward trend since 2005, however, it reached a record-high 17.7% in April 2020, where 1 in every 5 persons in the labor force are unemployed, accounting to 7.3 million jobless Filipinos.[98][99]
On the second quarter of 2020, the Philippine economy went into a recession for the first time in 29 years, where it shrank by 16.5%, which was one of the biggest falls in the Southeast Asian region. GDP fell by 9%. Seasonally adjusted GDP fell by 15.2 percent in the second quarter from the first three months of the year.[100]
The government expects an economic rebound by 2021, driven in part by the BBB infrastructure program.[101][102]
Ver también
- Abenomics
- AmBisyon Natin 2040
- Metro Manila Dream Plan
- Philippines 2000
Referencias
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enlaces externos
- Build! Build! Build! official website