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Srivilliputhur
Ciudad
ANDAL TEMPLE AND VADAPATHRASAY.jpg
Apodo (s): 
Ciudad de diario
Srivilliputhur is located in Tamil Nadu
Srivilliputhur
Srivilliputhur
Ubicación en Tamil Nadu, India
Coordenadas: 9.512 ° N 77.633 ° E Coordenadas : 9.512 ° N 77.633 ° E9°30′43″N 77°37′59″E /  / 9.512; 77.6339°30′43″N 77°37′59″E /  / 9.512; 77.633
País India
ExpresarTamil Nadu
DistritoVirudhunagar
Gobierno
 • TipoMunicipio de primer grado
 • CuerpoMunicipio de Srivilliputhur
Elevación146 m (479 pies)
Población (2011)
 • Total75,396
Idiomas
 • OficialTamil
Zona horariaUTC + 5: 30 ( IST )
ALFILER
626125
Codigo telefonico04563
Registro de VehículoTN-67, TN-84
La proporción de sexos1: 1 ♂ / ♀

Srivilliputhur ( Tamil:  [Thiruvilliputhur] ), es un municipio mayor en el distrito de Virudhunagar en el estado indio de Tamil Nadu . A partir de 2011, la ciudad tenía una población de 75,396. El hito más importante de Srivilliputhur es la estructura de torre de 11 niveles dedicada a Vatapatrasayee ( Vishnu ), la deidad que preside Srivilliputhur Divya Desam . La torre de este templo tiene 192 pies de altura y es el símbolo oficial del Gobierno de Tamil Nadu . Se dice que fue construido por Periyalvar, en el año 788 d.C. se cree que es el padre adoptivo de la Deidad del Templo, con una bolsa de oro que ganó en los debates celebrados en el palacio del rey Pandya Vallabhadeva. Srivilliputhur es bien conocido por su herencia ancestral y contribuciones devocionales. [1]

Está en la línea Virudhunagar - Shenkottai del Ferrocarril del Sur, a unos 74 km al sur de Madurai y conectado por carretera y ferrocarril con Madurai , Rajapalayam , Sankarankovil & Shenkottai , Thirunelveli y Sattur .

Etimología [ editar ]

Según la leyenda histórica, la tierra alrededor de Srivilliputhur estaba bajo el gobierno de la reina Malli. La reina tuvo dos hijos llamados Villi y Kandan. Mientras los dos cazaban en un bosque, un tigre mató a Kandan. Sin darse cuenta de esto, Villi buscó a su hermano, se cansó y se quedó dormido. En su sueño, la divinidad le narró lo que le sucedió a su hermano. Por órdenes divinas, Villi fundó una ciudad. La ciudad lleva originalmente el nombre de su fundador, Villi formando la palabra Sri-Villi-Puthur. Thiru es el saludo tamil y una alternativa a la palabra sánscrita "Sri" y es por eso que también se le llama como Thiruvilliputhur. [2]

Según otra leyenda, la ciudad se llama la ciudad del arquero de la palabra tamil villi que significa arco. [3]

Historia [ editar ]

La historia de Srivilliputhur se centra en el Templo Srivilliputhur , dedicado a Andal (siglo VIII o antes), [4] la única mujer Alvar de los 12 santos Alvar del sur de la India . A ella se le atribuyen las obras en tamil de Thirupavai y Nachiar Tirumozhi que todavía son recitadas por los devotos durante la temporada de festivales de invierno de Margazhi . Andal es conocida por su inquebrantable devoción al dios Vishnu , el Dios de los Srivaishnavas . Adoptada por su padre, el santo Alvar Periyalvarquien la encontró cuando era un bebé, Andal evitó el matrimonio terrenal, el camino normal y esperado para las mujeres de su cultura, para "casarse" con Vishnu, tanto espiritual como físicamente. En muchos lugares de la India, particularmente en Tamil Nadu , Andal es tratada más que una santa y como una forma de dios en sí misma y se dedica un santuario para Andal en la mayoría de los templos de Vishnu.

Durante el reinado de Tirumala Nayaka (1623-1659) y Rani Mangammal (1689-1706), esta ciudad se hizo muy popular. Tirumala Nayaka renovó los templos de esta ciudad. Nayak construyó un palacio similar, pero de menor tamaño, al Palacio Thirumalai Nayakkar en Madurai. La entrada a este complejo histórico bien conservado está actualmente restringida por el Departamento Arqueológico de la India, que administra este complejo palaciego. Desde 1751 hasta 1756 d.C., Srivilliputhur estuvo bajo el gobierno de Nerkattumseval palayakkarar Puli thevar y fue un maravarpalayam. Más tarde, el Fuerte de Srivilliputhur fue gobernado por Periyasami Thevar. Luego cayó en manos de Mohammed Yusuf Khan durante 1756. Las tropas de Yusuf ganaron a los Polygars en la región. Cuando intentaron invadir Srivilliputhur, un brahmán cayó desde lo alto de la torre del templo como señal de protesta. Aunque musulmanes, las tropas se retiraron al ver el cerebro destrozado frente a un templo hindú que podría provocar más ira. [5] Durante 1801, hubo batallas entre los polígaros de la región y los británicos. Uno de los rebeldes, Sivattaiya Nayak, fue capturado en la ciudad durante el mismo año. [6] Durante febrero de 1811, la ciudad sufría una epidemia. [7] Hasta 1850, el templo de Sri Andal estuvo bajo el cuidado del rey deTravancore . Los británicos gobernaron el país hasta que India logró la libertad en 1947.

Geografía [ editar ]

Vista de Senbagathoppu desde el templo Kaattalagar, Thiruvillipuththur
Vista de Senbagathoppu desde el templo Kaattalagar, Thiruvillipuththur
El bosque tranquilo y sereno de Shenbagathoppu El bosque tranquilo y sereno de Shenbagathoppu

Srivilliputtur se encuentra en 9.5161 ° N 77.63 ° E . La ciudad está ubicada en las estribaciones de los Ghats occidentales a 77 km (48 millas) al suroeste de Madurai . Tiene una elevación promedio de 137,2 metros (450 pies) sobre el nivel medio del mar. No hay recursos minerales notables disponibles dentro y alrededor de la ciudad. Srivilliputtur recibe escasas precipitaciones con un promedio de 811 mm (31,9 pulgadas) al año, que es menor que el promedio estatal de 1,008 mm (39,7 pulgadas). El monzón del suroeste, que comienza en junio y dura hasta agosto, trae escasas lluvias. La mayor parte de la lluvia se recibe durante el monzón del noreste en los meses de octubre, noviembre y diciembre. [8] [9]9°30′58″N 77°37′48″E /  / 9.5161; 77.63

Shenbaga Thoppu es un bosque ubicado a 8 km (5,0 millas) al oeste de Srivilliputhur. Estos bosques se encuentran en las laderas orientales de los Ghats occidentales . Muchas variedades raras y endémicas de flora y fauna se encuentran a lo largo de las laderas de las montañas. Un santuario de vida silvestre, extendido por 480 km 2 (190 millas cuadradas) fue establecido en 1989 en Shenbaga Thoppu. El santuario colinda con la reserva de tigres de Periyar en el lado suroeste y el bosque de reserva Megamalai en el lado noroeste. El santuario es el hogar de la ardilla gigante canosa arbórea en peligro de extinción ( Ratufa macrora). The sanctuary also hosts birds, mammals, reptiles and butterflies. Resident and migratory elephants are common. Other animals sighted are tiger, leopard, Nilgiri thar, spotted deer, barking deer, sambar, Wild Boar, porcupine, Nilgiri langur, lion-tailed macaque, common langur, slender loris, bonnet macaque, sloth bear, Gaur (Indian Bison) and flying squirrel.

Demographics[edit]

Religious census
ReligionPercent(%)
Hindu
 
90.7%
Muslim
 
2.27%
Christian
 
6.62%
Sikh
 
0.01%
Buddhist
 
0.01%
Other
 
0.38%
No religion
 
0.02%

According to 2011 census, Srivilliputhur had a population of 75,396 with a sex-ratio of 1,015 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[10] A total of 6,884 were under the age of six, constituting 3,466 males and 3,418 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 6.21% and 0.01% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 77.84%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[10] The town had a total of 21,411 households. There were a total of 32,556 workers, comprising 134 cultivators, 1,241 main agricultural labourers, 3,126 in house hold industries, 25,769 other workers, 2,286 marginal workers, 18 marginal cultivators, 318 marginal agricultural labourers, 119 marginal workers in household industries and 1,831 other marginal workers.[11] The decadal growth of population during the 1991–2001 period reduced to half of the previous decade due to migration to industrialized cities.[12]

As per the religious census of 2011, Srivilliputhur (M) had 90.7% Hindus, 2.27% Muslims, 6.62% Christians, 0.01% Sikhs, 0.01% Buddhists, 0.38% following other religions and 0.02% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference.[13]

As of 1994, a total 255.11 ha (630.4 acres) (45%) of the land in Srivilliputhur was used for residential, 17.89 ha (44.2 acres) (3%) for commercial, 15.04 ha (37.2 acres) (3%) for industrial, 30.808 ha (76.13 acres) (5%) for public & semi public, 12.677 ha (31.33 acres) (2%) for educational and 238.61 ha (589.6 acres) (24%) for non urban purposes like agriculture and irrigation.[14]

Economy[edit]

Hand loom Weaving and farming are the primary occupations in Srivilliputhur. Virudhunagar district has four clusters of handloom weavers — Rajapalayam, Srivilliputhur, Aruppukottai and Sundarapandiyam. The looms account for 25% of the state handloom produce for free distribution.[15] Srivilliputhur is known for a milk sweet called as Srivilliputhur Palkova. The Srivilliputhur Milk Producers Cooperative Society Ltd. and other local vendors started the production of the sweet from 1977 after the white revolution in the 1970s. The industry provides employment to the citizens of the town.[16] Holy places like Srivilliputhur Andal Temple and Sri Vaidyanathar Temple located here draw thousands of pilgrims.The occupational pattern of the town is predominantly in teritiary sector that includes sub-sectors such as handloom weaving, trade and commerce, transport, storage and communication and related services. Primary and secondary sectors such as agriculture, livestock, manufacturing and construction reduced during the decade of 1991.[17]

All major nationalized banks such as State Bank of India, Canara bank, Indian Bank, Indian Overseas Bank and private banks like Tamil Nadu Mercantile bank, Karur Vysya Bank, City Union Bank and Srivilliputhur Cooperative Bank, have their branches in Srivilliputhur.[18]

Municipal administration and politics[edit]

Municipality officials
ChairmanV. Senthilkumari[19]
CommissionerT.M.Mohammed Maideen[20]
Vice ChairmanN. Saroja[21]
Elected members
Member of Legislative AssemblyE.M. Manraj[22]
Member of ParliamentDhanush M Kumar

The Srivilliputhur municipality was established in 1894 during British times. It was promoted to a first-grade municipality in 1984. The municipality has 33 wards and there is an elected councillor for each of those wards.[23] The functions of the municipality are devolved into six departments: general administration/personnel, Engineering, Revenue, Public Health, city planning and Information Technology (IT). All these departments are under the control of a Municipal Commissioner who is the executive head.[24] The legislative powers are vested in a body of 33 members, one each from the 33 wards.[25] The legislative body is headed by an elected Chairperson assisted by a Deputy Chairperson.[26] The municipality covers an area of 5.718 km2 (5,718,000 m2)[9]

Srivilliputhur comes under the Srivilliputhur assembly constituency and it elects a member to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly once every five years.[27] From the 1977 elections, the assembly seat was won by Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) once during 1989 elections, Communist Party of India (CPI) twice during 2006 and 2011, and All India Anna Dravid Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) for five times during 1977, 1980, 1996 and 2001 elections.[28] The current MLA of the constituency is V. Ponnupandi from CPI.[22]

During the 1957 elections, Srivilliputhur was a part of Srivilliputhur constituency and was held by the Indian National Congress party and an independent.[29][30] The town was a part of Virudhunagar Lok sabha constituency during the 1967 elections and was held by the Swathanthara Party.[31] The constituency was held by DMK during the 1971 elections, INC during the 1977 elections and ADMK during the 1980, 1984, 1989 and 1991 elections, CPI during 1996 and MDMK during the 1998, 1999 and 2004 elections.[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]Srivilliputhur is now part of the Tenkasi (Lok Sabha constituency) – it has the following six assembly constituencies – Sankaranayanarkoil (SC), Vasudevanallur (SC), Kadayanallur, Tenkasi, Srivilliputhur and Rajapalayam. The current Member of Parliament from the constituency is Dhanush M Kumar from the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.

Law and order in the town is maintained by the Srivilliputhur sub division of the Tamil Nadu Police headed by a Deputy Superintendent. There are three police stations in the town, one of them being an all-women police station. There are special units like prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and special branch that operate at the district level police division headed by a Superintendent of Police.[42]

Virudhunagar District court is in Srivilliputtur. This town receives drinking water supply from Thamirabarani river, an additional water resource.

Education and utility services[edit]

There are 19 elementary, six middle, one high, one matriculation and six matriculation schools in Srivilliputhur. There are no colleges in the town.[43] Electricity supply to Srivilliputhur is regulated and distributed by the Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB). The town along with its suburbs forms the Srivilliputhur Electricity Distribution Circle. A Chief Distribution engineer is stationed at the regional headquarters.[44] Water supply is provided by the Srivilliputhur Municipality from two sources, namely Peyanar river and deep bore wells. During the period 2000–01, a total of 3.125 million litres of water was supplied every day for households in the town. The present water supply scheme from Peyanar and catchment area were implemented in 1955 and 1984 respectively. The water supply by the municipality has a coverage of 50%.[45]

About 24 metric tonnes of solid waste are collected from Srivilliputhur every day by door-to-door collection and subsequently the source segregation and dumping is carried out by the sanitary department of the Srivilliputhur municipality. The coverage of solid waste management had an efficiency of 100% as of 2001.[46] There is no underground drainage system in the town and the sewerage system for disposal of sullage is through septic tanks, open drains and public conveniences.[47] The municipality maintains storm water drains along 92.4 kilometres (57.4 mi) of surfaced roads and 8.7 kilometres (5.4 mi) along unlined roads. A total of 12.05 kilometres (7.49 mi) of roads in town have no drainage.[48]

There are one maternity hospital, one government health centre and various private clinics in the town that take care of the health care needs of the citizens.[49] There are a total of 2,072 street lamps: 222 sodium lamps, one mercury vapour lamps, 1,748 tube lights and one high mast beam lamp in the town.[50] Uzhavar Santhai, operated by the municipality and Pennington Market, operated by a private committee are the two markets located in the centre of the town that cater to the needs of the town and the rural areas around it.[51]

Transportation[edit]

The Srivilliputhur municipality maintains a total of 54.576 km (33.912 mi) of roads. The town has 15.63 km (9.71 mi) concrete roads, 38.526 km (23.939 mi) bituminous roads and 0.4 km (0.25 mi) earthen roads. The national highway NH 208 that connects Madurai and Kollam passes through the town and connects surrounding urban centers like Rajapalayam and Tenkasi.[52]

Srivilliputhur bus station

Srivilliputhur is served by town bus service, which provides connectivity within the town and the suburbs. There are private operated mini-bus services that cater to the local transport needs of the town.[53] The main bus stand covers an area of 2,830 m2 (0.70 acres) and is located in the heart of the town.[54] There are regular inter-city bus services to the town. The Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation operates daily services connecting various cities to Srivilliputhur. The State Express Transport Corporation operates long-distance buses connecting the town to important cities like Chennai and Madurai. The major inter city bus routes from the town are to cities like Madurai, Chennai, Erode, Coimbatore, Theni, Karaikudi, Dindigul, Trichy, Karur, Ramnad, Tanjore, Sankarankovil, Sengottai, Rajapalayam, Tenkasi, Kovilpatti, Tuticorin, Tiruchendur, Nagercoil and Tirunelveli. The town bus routes to surrounding villages are to Mamsapuram, Krishnankoil, Watrap, Koomapatti, Maharajapuram, Koonampatti, Vanniampatti junction, Thalavaipuram, Athekulam, Natchiyarpatti and Chathirapatti.[55]

Srivilliputtur railway station

Srivilliputtur railway station is located in the rail head from Madurai to Tenkasi and Sengottai. It connects Tamil Nadu with Kerala through Rajapalayam and Sengottai. The Podhigai Express and Kollam express connects Srivilliputhur to Sengottai , kollam and Chennai Egmore in either directions. All other express trains ply from Virudunagar station. There are also passenger trains running either side from Madurai to Tenkasi.[56] The nearest local and international airport is Madurai International Airport, located 74 km (46 mi) away from the town.[55]


Culture[edit]

Srivilliputhur Andal Temple is the most popular landmark of Srivilliputhur. It is a Hindu temple dedicated to Vishnu and one of the 108 Divya Desams, temples that are revered in the Nalayira Divya Prabandham, the 8th-10th century Vaishnava canonical literature. It is the birthplace of two of the most important Azhwar saints in the Vaishnavite tradition, Periyazhvar and Andal.

Vatapatrasayi temple is a temple dedicated to Vishnu in the form of Vatapatrasayi (Lord of the Banyan Leaf) or Rangamannar. In iconographic representations the deity is shown as a young child, resting on a banyan tree leaf known as Vatapatram, floating on water.[57][58]

Madavar Vilagam Vaidyanathar temple, enshrining a six feet high monolithic image of Nataraja, is another prominent temple in the town.

Thiruvannamalai, also known as Thenthirupathi, is a temple dedicated to Vishnu and is located 5 km (3.1 mi) away from Srivilliputhur, surrounded by western Ghats.

Kattalagar Koil is another Vishnu temple located 9 km (5.6 mi), west of Srivilliputhur over the Mantuga Hills.

Sathuragiri Hills is an abode of siddhar (Tamil sages), and home of two temples, namely Sundra Mahalingam temple and Sandhana Mahalingam temple. The place known for rare medicinal plants and the medicinal value of 275 plants has been recorded and reported. The forest also has a rich variety of orchids and ferns.[57]

Pennington Public Library, established in 1875, is one of the oldest privately run public libraries in India. Pilavakkal is a dam in watrap village and is one of the picnic spots of Srivilliputhur.

Thousands of people from the state participate in the "Aadi Pooram" festival celebrated in the Andal Temple. After early morning special pujas, the presiding deities, Sri Rengamannar and Goddess Andal are taken in decorated palanquins to the car. The festival marks the adoption of presiding deity, Andal, by Periyazhwar after he found her near a Tulsi plant in the garden of Vadabadrasai Temple at Srivilliputhur on the eighth day of the Tamil month of Adi.[59][60] Very cultural classical local festival named mulaipari is famous in four streets Perumalpatti, Arrachipatti, Kamapatti and Mangapuram.

Sarva Bhauma Aiyangar, who is popularly called Villiputhurar, lived in the city presumably during the period of Nayaks in the 17th century. He translated the Mahabaratha, one of the two epics to Tamil.[3]

See also[edit]

  • Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ "Divine home of the Saint poetess". 17 October 2003.
  2. ^ Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, pp. 8-9
  3. ^ a b Caldwell 1881, p. 278
  4. ^ Das, Sisir Kumar (2006). A history of Indian literature, 500-1399: from courtly to the popular. Sāhitya Akādemī. pp. 48–50. ISBN 9788126021710.
  5. ^ Caldwell 1881, p. 113
  6. ^ Caldwell 1881, p. 223
  7. ^ Caldwell 1881, p. 272
  8. ^ Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 8
  9. ^ a b "About city". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  10. ^ a b "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  11. ^ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Srivilliputhur". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  12. ^ Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 9
  13. ^ "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
  14. ^ Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 16
  15. ^ "Relief package a boon to Srivilliputtur weavers". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 22 September 2002. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  16. ^ Rangan, Baradwaj (23 July 2012). "In search of Srivilliputhur Palgova". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  17. ^ Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 12
  18. ^ "Banks in Srivilliputhur". Srivilliputhur Municipality. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  19. ^ "Chairman of municipality". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  20. ^ "Commissioner of municipality". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  21. ^ "Vice Chairman of municipality". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  22. ^ a b "MLA of Srivilliputhur". Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 6 October 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  23. ^ "About the municipality". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  24. ^ "Commissionerate of Municipal Administration". Commissionerate of Municipal Administration. 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  25. ^ "Councillors of municipality". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  26. ^ "Economic and political weekly, Volume 30". Sameeksha Trust. 1995: 2396. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  27. ^ "List of Assembly Constituencies". Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu state government. 2010. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  28. ^ "Partywise Comparison Since 1977". Election Commission of India. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  29. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1957 to the Second Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  30. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1962 to the Third Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 49. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  31. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1967 to the Fourth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 67. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  32. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1971 to the Fifth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 71. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  33. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1977 to the Sixth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 80. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  34. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1980 to the Seventh Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 79. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  35. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1984 to the Eighth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 73. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  36. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1989 to the Ninth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 81. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  37. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1991 to the Tenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 51. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  38. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1996 to the Eleventh Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 86. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  39. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 85. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  40. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 85. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  41. ^ "Key highlights of the general elections 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 94. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  42. ^ "Srivilliputhur Police". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  43. ^ "Educational Institutions". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  44. ^ "Important Address" (PDF). Indian Wind Power Association. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 October 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  45. ^ "Water Supply Details". Srivilliputhur Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  46. ^ "Waste management programme". Srivilliputhur Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  47. ^ "Srivilliputhur sewarage". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  48. ^ "Storm water drains of Srivilliputhur". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  49. ^ "Srivilliputhur hospitals". Srivilliputhur municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  50. ^ "Srivilliputhur street lights". Srivilliputhur Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  51. ^ "Srivilliputhur markets". Srivilliputhur Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  52. ^ "Srivilliputhur roads". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  53. ^ Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, pp. 30–33
  54. ^ "Srivilliputhur bus stand". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  55. ^ a b "Srivilliputhur bus routes". Srivilliputhur municipality. 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  56. ^ "Provide facilities at railway station". The Hindu. 3 July 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  57. ^ a b "Virudhunagar District - Places of interest". Virudhunagar district administration. 2011. Archived from the original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  58. ^ "Krishna as the Divine Child on a Banyan Leaf: Vatapatrasayi". Sahapedia. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
  59. ^ "Thousands of devotees likely to throng Srivilliputtur today". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 25 July 2009. Archived from the original on 28 July 2009. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  60. ^ "Hundreds participate in Andal Temple car festival". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 30 July 2006. Archived from the original on 25 August 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2013.

References[edit]

  • Urban Infrastructure report (2008). Conversion of City Corporate Plan into Business Plan (PDF) (Report). Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services Limited. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  • Caldwell, Bishop R. (1881). History of Tinnevelly - A Political and General History from the Earliest Period to Its Cession to the English in A.D. 1801. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 9788120601611.

External links[edit]