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El Tribunal Superior de Bombay , también conocido como Tribunal Superior de Mumbai, es el tribunal superior de los estados indios de Maharashtra y Goa , y el territorio de unión de Dadra y Nagar Haveli y Daman y Diu . Es uno de los tribunales superiores más antiguos de la India. [1] Se encuentra en Mumbai, Maharashtra . El Tribunal Superior tiene sucursales regionales en Nagpur y Aurangabad en Maharashtra y Panaji , la capital de Goa. [1]

El primer Presidente del Tribunal Supremo , el Fiscal General y el Procurador General de la India Independiente eran de este tribunal. Desde la independencia de la India , 22 jueces de este tribunal han sido elevados a la Corte Suprema y 8 han sido nombrados para el cargo de Presidente del Tribunal Supremo de la India . [2]

El tribunal tiene Jurisdicción Original además de su Apelación . Las decisiones de esta corte se pueden recurrir únicamente a la Corte Suprema de la India . El Tribunal Superior de Bombay tiene una dotación autorizada de 94 jueces (71 permanentes, 23 adicionales). [3]

El edificio es parte del Conjunto Victoriano y Art Deco de Mumbai , que se agregó a la lista de Sitios del Patrimonio Mundial en 2018.

Historia y premisas [ editar ]

El Tribunal Superior de Bombay fue uno de los tres Tribunales Superiores de la India establecidos en las Ciudades Presidenciales mediante patente concedida por la Reina Victoria , fechada el 26 de junio de 1862. Fue inaugurado el 14 de agosto de 1862 en virtud de la Ley de Tribunales Superiores de 1861 .

Tribunal Superior de Bombay, Fort, Mumbai

El trabajo en el actual edificio del Tribunal Superior se inició en abril de 1871 y se completó en noviembre de 1878. Fue diseñado por el ingeniero británico coronel James A. Fuller . La primera sesión en este edificio fue el 10 de enero de 1879. El juez MC Chagla fue el primer presidente indio permanente del Tribunal Superior de Bombay después de la independencia [1948 - 1958] [4] Arquitectura: Renacimiento gótico en el estilo inglés temprano. Mide 171 m (562 pies) de largo y 57 m (187 pies) de ancho. Al oeste de la torre central hay dos torres octogonales. Las estatuas de Justicia y Misericordia están encima de este edificio.

En 2016, se anunció que las instalaciones del Tribunal Superior de Bombay se trasladarían al Complejo Bandra Kurla .

El 125 aniversario del edificio estuvo marcado por la publicación de un libro, encargado por el Colegio de Abogados, llamado " El Tribunal Superior de Bombay: La historia del edificio - 1878-2003 " por los historiadores locales Rahul Mehrotra y Sharada Dwivedi .

Nombre de la corte [ editar ]

Aunque el nombre de la ciudad se cambió de Bombay a Mumbai en 1995, el Tribunal como institución no siguió el ejemplo y mantuvo el nombre de Tribunal Superior de Bombay. Aunque, un proyecto de ley [5] para cambiarle el nombre a Tribunal Superior de Mumbai fue aprobado por el Gabinete de la Unión el 5 de julio de 2016 junto con el cambio de nombre del Tribunal Superior de Calcuta y el Tribunal Superior de Madras como Tribunal Superior de Calcuta y Tribunal Superior de Chennai , respectivamente, lo mismo está pendiente de aprobación ante el Parlamento de la India, pero es posible que no se promulgue durante algún tiempo. [6] [7]

Celebraciones del Sesquicentenario [ editar ]

En 2010, el Tribunal Superior organizó varias funciones para marcar la finalización de los 150 años de establecimiento del Tribunal Superior. Milind Deora , el entonces Ministro de Estado de Comunicaciones y Tecnología de la Información, lanzó una cubierta postal especial en el histórico Salón del Tribunal Central del Tribunal Superior el 14 de agosto de 2012.

El entonces Ministro Principal de Maharashtra, Prithviraj Chavan , inauguró una exposición en la Sala del Tribunal Central el 15 de agosto de 2012. El entonces Primer Ministro de la India , el Dr. Prithviraj Chavan , inauguró una exposición que exhibía artefactos importantes, cartas reales, sellos, mapas antiguos y otros documentos de importancia histórica . . Manmohan Singh fue el invitado principal en la ceremonia de clausura de las celebraciones del Sesquicentenario el 18 de agosto de 2012. [8]

Un libro titulado A Heritage of Judging: The Bombay High Court through 150 years , editado por Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud , Anoop V. Mohta y Roshan S. Dalvi fue publicado por la Academia Judicial de Maharashtra. [9]

Casos famosos [ editar ]

En su ilustre historia, el Tribunal Superior de Bombay ha sido sede de numerosos juicios y casos judiciales dignos de mención. Bal Gangadhar Tilak fue juzgado varias veces en el Tribunal Superior de Bombay, pero el más famoso fue su juicio por sedición en el caso de 1916 Emperor v. Bal Gangadhar Tilak .

Controversias [ editar ]

El Colegio de Abogados boicoteó a algunos jueces del Tribunal Superior en 1991 bajo el liderazgo del abogado principal Iqbal Chagla. [10] En 2011, se presentaron un par de peticiones impugnando sociedades de vivienda construidas por jueces en terrenos reservados para otros fines. [11]

El presidente del Tribunal Supremo y los jueces [ editar ]

El tribunal tiene una fuerza Sancionada de 94 (Permanente: 71, Adicional: 23) jueces.

El actual presidente del Tribunal es el Honorable Juez Dipankar Datta, quien tomó juramento el 28 de abril de 2020.

Lista de jueces principales [ editar ]

Presidente del Tribunal Supremo y Jueces [ editar ]

Jueces que ascendieron en la Corte Suprema de la India [ editar ]

Jueces que se elevó como presidente del Tribunal Supremo de otro Tribunal. [ editar ]

Bancos y asiento principal [ editar ]

The court has jurisdiction over the states of Maharashtra, Goa and the Union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. The court has benches in Nagpur, Aurangabad and Panaji.

Nagpur bench[edit]

Nagpur is an industrial and commercial city situated in the centre of India. Formerly, it was the capital of the former State of CP & Berar, later old Madhya Pradesh and now it is the sub-capital of the State of Maharashtra.[12] A full-fledged High Court was established at Nagpur on 9 January 1936. Later it was included as a separate bench in the Bombay High Court jurisdiction after the formation of the state of Maharashtra in 1960.

History[edit]

Sir Gilbert Stone, a Judge of the Madras High Court was appointed as first Chief Justice. The foundation stone of the new building (present High Court building) was laid by late Sir Hyde Gowan on 9-1-1937. The building was designed by Mr. H.A.N. Medd, Resident Architect. It was constructed at a cost of Rs.737,746/-.The building consisted of two stories with a garden courtyard in the centre. The outside dimensions are 400 ft x 230 ft. The original design provided for a main central dome rising 109 feet above ground land, the remainder of the building being approximately 52 feet in height. The building has been constructed with sandstone. The building has Ashlar stone facing and brick hearting. The flooring in the corridors and offices is of Sikosa and Shahabad flag stones. The building is declared open on 6 January 1940. On the opening ceremony the Viceroy of India described this building as a poem in stone. The High Court has a fairly well planned garden on the eastern as well as western sides.

The High Court of Judicature at Nagpur continued to be housed in this building till the reorganisation of states in 1956. With effect from 1-11-1956, eight Marathi speaking districts of Vidarbha formed part of the greater bilingual State of Bombay which came into existence. Remaining fourteen Hindi speaking districts of the former State of Madhya Pradesh became part of the newly constituted State of Madhya Pradesh with the capital at Bhopal. The High Court of Madhya Pradesh was treated as the successor of the former High Court at Nagpur.

New building[edit]

A bench of the High Court at Bombay began to sit in this building at Nagpur with effect from 1-11-1956 and continues to do so even after the formation of the State of Maharashtra on 1-5-1960. During the year 1960 the strength of this Bench consisted of four Honourable Judges.

The extension of High Court building consists of two annex buildings on both sides of the existing building viz., North and South Wings. For this Government of Maharashtra has sanctioned Rs. 1,2,926,605/- on dated 21 March 1983. 'South Wing' houses various utilities for the public, i.e. litigants and the Bar as well as High Court Government Pleader's Establishment including Standing Counsel for Central Government and 'A Panel Counsels, and also for the establishment. In the North Wing, it is proposed to accommodate additional Court Halls, Chambers of the Hobble Judges, Judges' Library and the office.

Presently, the strength of this Bench consists of 10 Honourable Judges and total employees are 412.

Aurangabad bench[edit]

The Aurangabad bench was established in 1982. Initially only a few districts of Maharashtra were under the Aurangabad bench. Subsequently, in 1988, Ahmednagar & others districts were attached to the bench. The bench at Aurangabad has more than 13 judges. The jurisdiction of the Aurangabad Bench is over Aurangabad, Ahmednagar, Dhule, Jalna, Jalgaon, Beed, Parbhani, Latur & Osmanabad. The bench also has a Bar council of Maharashtra & Goa office. The present building of bench is situated in huge premises. The garden is beautifully maintained. Lush green grass invites the attention of any passerby. The HC bench at Aurangabad is just approximately 4 km from the Aurangabad Airport and around 6 km from central bus stand. The new building has 13 court halls in all now including two new. All the court halls are on the first floor of the building, while the registry of the Court is on the ground floor. The Aurangabad bench has a strong Bar of more than 1000 advocates, but Aurangabad bench does not have a jurisdiction for company law matters.

The Aurangabad Bench celebrated its 28th anniversary on 27 August 2009.

History[edit]

Due to continued demand of the people of Marathwada region for the establishment of a permanent Bench of the High Court at Aurangabad under sub-section (2) of Sec. 51 of the Act, the State Government first took up the issue with the then Chief Justice R. M. Kantawala in 1977. On 22 March 1978, the State Legislative Assembly passed a unanimous resolution supporting a demand for the establishment of a permanent Bench of the High Court at Aurangabad to the effect : "With a view to save huge expenses and to reduce the inconvenience of the people of the Marathwada and Pune regions in connection with legal proceedings, this Assembly recommends to the Government to make a request to the President to establish a permanent Bench of the Bombay High Court having jurisdiction in Marathwada and Pune regions, one at Aurangabad and the other at Pune."

The said demand for the constitution of a permanent Bench of the High Court at Aurangabad was supported by the State Bar Council of Maharashtra, Advocates' Association of Western India, several bar associations and people in general. It is necessary here to mention that the resolution as originally moved made a demand for the setting up of a permanent Bench of the High Court of Bombay at Aurangabad for the Marathwada region, and there was, no reference to Pune which was added by way of amendment. Initially, the State Government made a recommendation to the Central Government in 1978 for the establishment of two permanent Benches under sub-sec. (2) of Section 51 of the Act, one at Aurangabad and the other at Pune, but later in 1981 confined its recommendation to Aurangabad alone.

The State Government thereafter took a Cabinet decision in January 1981 to establish a permanent Bench of the High Court at Aurangabad and this was conveyed by the Secretary to the Government of Maharashtra, Law & Judiciary Department, communicated by his letter dated 3 February 1981 to the Registrar and he was requested, with the permission of the Chief Justice, to submit proposals regarding accommodation for the Court and residential bungalows for the Judges, staff, furniture etc. necessary for setting up the Bench. As a result of this communication, the Chief Justice wrote to the Chief Minister on 26 February 1981 signifying his consent to the establishment of a permanent Bench at Aurangabad. After adverting to the fact that his predecessors had opposed such a move and had indicated, amongst other things, that such a step involved, as it does, breaking up of the integrity of the institution and the Bar, which would necessarily impair the quality and quantity of the disposals.

It, however, became evident by the middle of June 1981 that the Central Government would take time in reaching a decision on the proposal for the establishment of a permanent Bench under sub-sec. (2) of Section 51 of the Act at Aurangabad as the question involved a much larger issue, viz. the principles to be adopted and the criterion laid down for the establishment of permanent Benches of High Courts generally. This meant that there would be an inevitable delay in securing concurrence of the Central Government and the issuance of a Presidential Notification under sub-sec. (2) of S. 51 of the Act. On 19 June 1981, the State Government accordingly took a Cabinet decision that pending the establishment of a permanent Bench under sub-sec. (2) of S. 51 of the Act at Aurangabad for the Marathwada region, resort be had to the provisions of sub-section (3) thereof. On 20 June 1981, Secretary to the Government of Maharashtra, Law & Judiciary Department wrote to the Registrar stating that there was a possibility of the delay in securing concurrence of the Central Government and the issuance of a notification by the President under subsection (2) of S. 51 of the Act for the establishment of a permanent Bench at Aurangabad and in order to tide over the difficulty, the provisions of sub-sec. (3) of Section 51 of the Act may be resorted to and he, therefore, requested the Chief Justice to favour the Government With his views in the matter at an early date. On 5 July 1981, the Law Secretary waited on the Chief Justice in that connection. On 7 July 1981 the Chief justice wrote a letter to the Chief minister in which he stated that the Law Secretary had conveyed to him the decision of the State Government to have a Circuit Bench at Aurangabad under sub-sec. (3) of Section 51 pending the decision of the Central Government to establish a permanent Bench there under sub-section (2) of S. 51 of the Act. The Chief Justice then added: "I agree that some such step is necessary in view of the preparations made by the Government at huge costs and the mounting expectations of the people there."

Formation[edit]

On 20 July 1981, the Law Secretary addressed a letter to the Registrar requesting him to forward, with the permission of the Chief Justice, proposal as is required under sub-section (3) of S. 51 for the setting up of a Bench at Aurangabad. In reply to the same, the Registrar by his letter dated 24 July 1981 conveyed that the Chief Justice agreed with the suggestion of the State Government that action had to be taken under sub-section (3) of S. 51 of the Act for which the approval of the Governor was necessary and he enclosed a copy of the draft order which the Chief Justice proposed to issue under sub-section (3) of S. 51 of the Act. On 10 Aug. 1981, the Law Secretary conveyed to the Registrar the approval of the Governor. On 27 Aug. 1981, the Chief Justice issued an order under sub-section (3) of S. 51 of the Act to the effect  : "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (3) of S. 51 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 (No. 37 of 1956) and all other powers enabling him in this behalf, the Hon'ble the Chief Justice, with the approval of the Governor of Maharashtra, is pleased to appoint Aurangabad as a place at which the Hon'ble Judges and Division Courts of the High Court of Judicature at Bombay may also sit." This is the history how the Aurangabad Bench of the Bombay High Court was constituted. The Constitution of the Bench by The Hon’ble The Chief Justice V.S.Deshpande then came to be challenged before the Hon’ble Supreme Court. The Petition filed by the State of Maharashtra was allowed and the aspirations of the people from Marathwada were recognised. The Judgment is a reported one (State of Maharashtra v. Narain Shyamrao Puranik) in AIR 1983 Supreme Court 46.

Panaji bench[edit]

When the High Court of Bombay constituted a bench in Goa, Justice G.F Couto was appointed its first Goan permanent judge. Justice G.D. Kamath was appointed as judge in 1983 and later in 1996 as Chief Justice of the Gujarat High Court. Justice E.S da Silva was elevated in 1990 and was a judge of this court till his retirement in 1995. Justice R.K. Batta and Justice R.M.S. Khandeparkar were Judges of the Goa bench for 8 and 12 years respectively. Justice F.I Rebello, was appointed Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court in 2010 and retired in 2011. Justice Nelson Britto was Judge for five years. Justice A.P Lavande, Justice F.M.Reis, and Justice M.S. Sonak, were senior lawyers who practiced in the Goa Bench before their elevation. Presently Goa has one lady judge, Justice Anuja Prabhudesai. Justice A Prabhudesai and retired Justice Nutan Sardesai who were both District Judges.

History[edit]

Prior to the occupation of Goa, Daman & Diu the highest Court for the then Portuguese State of India was the Tribunal da Relação de Goa functioning at Panaji. Originally established in 1554, the Relação de Goa used to serve as the high court of appeal for all the Portuguese territories of the Indian Ocean and the Far East, including what are now Mozambique, Macau and East Timor, besides India itself. The Relação de Goa was abolished when a Court of Judicial Commissioner was established w.e.f. 16 December 1963 under Goa-Daman & Diu (Judicial Commissioner Court) Regulation, 1963. In May 1964 an Act was passed by the Parliament which conferred upon the Court of Judicial Commissioner, some powers of the High Court for the purposes of the Constitution of India.

Parliament by an Act extended the jurisdiction of High Court at Bombay to the Union territory of Goa Daman & Diu and established a permanent Bench of that High Court at Panaji on 30.10.1982

From its inception, the Hon'ble Shri Justice Dr. G.F.Couto who was at that time acting Judicial Commissioner was elevated to the Bench of High Court of Bombay. The Hon'ble Shri Justice G.D.Kamat was elevated to the Bench on 29.8.1983.

With the passing of Goa, Daman & Re-organization Act, 1987 by the Parliament conferring Statehood to Goa, the High Court of Bombay became the common High Court for the states of Maharashtra and Goa and the Union territories of Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu w.e.f. 30.5.1987.

First Relocation[edit]

The High Court was shifted from the old building of Tribunal da Relação to Lyceum Complex at Altinho, Panaji and started functioning there from 3.11.1997. The main building at the said Complex, constructed in the year 1925 by the Portuguese Government,was renovated by the Goa state government and inaugurated by the Hon'ble Chief Justice of Bombay High Court Shri M.B.Shah on 2.10.1997.The Hon'ble Chief Justice of Bombay High Court, Shri Y.K.Sabharwal, inaugurated the 2nd building on 9.9.1999. Both these buildings now house several departments of the Bombay high court - panaji bench.

Second Relocation[edit]

Due to the space crunch in the lyseum complex,a new building complex is being built in alto - betim porvorim region in Porvorim.The construction is expected to be completed by December 2020.

Case information[edit]

The Case Status and Causelists of Bombay High Court is available on its official website at www.bombayhighcourt.nic.in. The Orders and Judgments from the year 2005 are also available on the website.

As of March 2012 the High Court has 315,988 civil cases and 45,960 criminal cases pending. At the same time, the District and subordinate courts under the Bombay High Court have a total of 3,179,475 pending cases.[13]

See also[edit]

  • High Courts of India
  • List of Chief Justices of the Bombay High Court
  • List of Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Bombay

External links[edit]

  • Official WebSite
  • Bar Association of Bombay
  • Case Status System
  • Order/Judgments Retrieval System[permanent dead link]
  • List of Designated Senior Advocates[link points to an access-restricted file]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "History of Bombay HC". Bombay High Court. Archived from the original on 20 October 2015. Retrieved 18 August 2012.
  2. ^ "UPA is committed to improve justice delivery system, says Manmohan at Mumbai HC". The Hindu. 18 August 2012. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2012.
  3. ^ "Ministry of Law & Justice -Official Website". Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  4. ^ M. C. Chagla
  5. ^ "High Court Alteration of Names Bill, 2016" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 August 2018. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
  6. ^ "Change of name of Madras, Bombay and Calcutta HC". Archived from the original on 1 November 2016. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  7. ^ Names of Calcutta, Madras, Bombay HCs may not change in near future: Govt Archived 26 December 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Indian Express, December 14, 2016 (accessed 26 December 2018)
  8. ^ "150 years celebration of the Bombay High Court ; PM to attend the closing ceremony on August 18". 13 August 2012. Archived from the original on 7 August 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
  9. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  10. ^ Sandhii, Kanwar (28 February 1991). "Edgy Ethics". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 14 February 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
  11. ^ Sequeira, Rosy (23 November 2012). "Judges societies' land allotment legal'". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 14 February 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
  12. ^ "Bombay High Court_Nagpur Bench-Official Web site". Archived from the original on 8 December 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2009.
  13. ^ "Supreme Court - Court News - Apr - June 2012" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2013. Retrieved 9 November 2013.