John Maxwell Coetzee [a] (nacido el 9 de febrero de 1940) es un novelista, ensayista, lingüista, traductor nacido en Sudáfrica y ganador del Premio Nobel de Literatura en 2003 . Es uno de los autores más aclamados y condecorados en lengua inglesa . [2] [3] [4] [5] Ha ganado el Booker Prize (dos veces), el CNA Prize (tres veces), el Jerusalem Prize , el Prix Femina étranger y el Irish Times International Fiction Prize, y posee varios de otros premios y doctorados honoris causa . [2] [6]
JM Coetzee | |
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JM Coetzee en Varsovia (2006) | |
Nació | John Maxwell Coetzee 9 de febrero de 1940 Ciudad del Cabo , Sudáfrica |
Ocupación |
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Idioma | Inglés, afrikáans , holandés |
Nacionalidad | Australiano sudafricano (desde 2006) |
alma mater | Universidad de Ciudad del Cabo Universidad de Texas en Austin |
Premios notables |
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Coetzee se mudó a Australia en 2002 [7] y se convirtió en ciudadano australiano en 2006. [2] [8] Vive en Adelaide .
Vida y carrera
Vida temprana ( niñez )
Coetzee nació en Ciudad del Cabo , Provincia del Cabo , Unión de Sudáfrica , el 9 de febrero de 1940 de padres afrikaners . [9] [10] Su padre, Zacharias Coetzee (1912-1988), era un abogado ocasional y empleado del gobierno, y su madre, Vera Coetzee (de soltera Wehmeyer; 1904-1986), maestra de escuela. [2] [11] La familia hablaba principalmente inglés en casa, pero John hablaba afrikáans con otros parientes. [2] Es descendiente de inmigrantes holandeses del siglo XVII en Sudáfrica [3] [12] por parte de su padre, y de inmigrantes holandeses, alemanes y polacos a través de su madre. [13] [14]
Coetzee pasó la mayor parte de su vida temprana en Ciudad del Cabo y en Worcester , una ciudad en la Provincia del Cabo (actual Cabo Occidental ), como se relata en sus memorias ficticias, Boyhood (1997). Su familia se mudó a Worcester cuando tenía ocho años, después de que su padre perdiera su trabajo en el gobierno. [11] Asistió a St. Joseph's College, una escuela católica en el suburbio de Ciudad del Cabo Rondebosch , [15] luego estudió matemáticas e inglés en la Universidad de Ciudad del Cabo y recibió su Licenciatura en Artes con honores en inglés en 1960 y su Licenciatura en Artes con honores en matemáticas en 1961. [16] [4]
Londres ( Juvenil )
Coetzee se mudó al Reino Unido en 1962 y trabajó como programador informático para IBM en Londres y ICT (International Computers and Tabulators) en Bracknell , permaneciendo hasta 1965. [2] En 1963, la Universidad de Ciudad del Cabo le otorgó una Maestría en Artes. Licenciado por su tesis "Las obras de Ford Madox Ford con especial referencia a las novelas" (1963). [2] Las experiencias de Coetzee en Inglaterra se relataron más tarde en Youth (2002), su segundo volumen de memorias ficticias.
Academia
Estados Unidos
En 1965 Coetzee fue a la Universidad de Texas en Austin , en los Estados Unidos , en el Programa Fulbright , recibiendo su doctorado en 1969. Su tesis doctoral fue un análisis estilístico asistido por computadora de la prosa inglesa de Samuel Beckett . [2] En 1968, Coetzee comenzó a enseñar literatura inglesa en la Universidad Estatal de Nueva York en Buffalo , donde permaneció hasta 1971. [2] En Buffalo comenzó su primera novela, Dusklands . [2]
Desde 1968, Coetzee buscó la residencia permanente en los Estados Unidos, un proceso que finalmente no tuvo éxito, en parte debido a su participación en las protestas contra la guerra de Vietnam . En marzo de 1970, fue uno de los 45 miembros de la facultad que ocuparon el Hayes Hall de la universidad y fueron arrestados por allanamiento de morada. [17] Los cargos en su contra fueron retirados en 1971. [2]
Universidad de Ciudad del Cabo
En 1972, Coetzee regresó a Sudáfrica y fue nombrado profesor en el Departamento de Lengua y Literatura Inglesas de la Universidad de Ciudad del Cabo. Fue ascendido a profesor titular y profesor asociado antes de convertirse en profesor de Literatura General en 1984. En 1994 Coetzee se convirtió en Profesor Arderne de Inglés y en 1999 fue nombrado Profesor Distinguido en la Facultad de Humanidades. Al jubilarse en 2002, se le otorgó el estatus de emérito . [5] Formó parte del Comité de Pensamiento Social de la Universidad de Chicago hasta 2003. [18]
Adelaida
Después de mudarse a Adelaide, Australia, [13] Coetzee fue nombrado investigador honorario en el Departamento de Inglés de la Universidad de Adelaide , [8] donde su socia, Dorothy Driver, [4] es una compañera académica. [19] A mayo de 2019[actualizar], Coetzee figura como profesor de literatura en inglés y escritura creativa en la escuela, y Driver como investigador visitante. [20]
Premios, reconocimientos, apariciones
Coetzee ha recibido numerosos premios a lo largo de su carrera, aunque tiene la reputación de evitar las ceremonias de premiación. [21]
Premios Booker 1983 y 1999
Coetzee fue el primer escritor en recibir el Premio Booker dos veces: por Life & Times de Michael K en 1983, y por Disgrace en 1999. [22] [23] A partir de 2020[update], four other authors have achieved this, J.G. Farrell, Peter Carey, Hilary Mantel, and Margaret Atwood.
Summertime, named on the 2009 longlist,[24] was an early favourite to win Coetzee an unprecedented third Booker Prize.[25][26] It made the shortlist, but lost to bookmakers' favourite Wolf Hall, by Mantel.[27] Coetzee was also longlisted in 2003 for Elizabeth Costello and in 2005 for Slow Man.
The Schooldays of Jesus, a follow up to his 2013 novel The Childhood of Jesus, was longlisted for the 2016 Booker Prize.[28]
2003 Nobel Prize in Literature
On 2 October 2003, Horace Engdahl, head of the Swedish Academy, announced that Coetzee had been chosen as that year's recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the fourth African writer to be so honoured[29] and the second South African, after Nadine Gordimer.[30] When awarding the prize, the Swedish Academy stated that Coetzee "in innumerable guises portrays the surprising involvement of the outsider".[31] The press release for the award also cited his "well-crafted composition, pregnant dialogue and analytical brilliance", while focusing on the moral nature of his work.[31] The prize ceremony was held in Stockholm on 10 December 2003.[30]
Other awards and recognition
Coetzee is a three-time winner of South Africa's CNA Prize.[32] His Waiting for the Barbarians received both the James Tait Black Memorial Prize and the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize,[33] Age of Iron was awarded the Sunday Express Book of the Year award,[34] and The Master of Petersburg was awarded The Irish Times International Fiction Prize in 1995.[35] He has also won the French Prix Femina étranger and two Commonwealth Writers' Prizes for the African region, for Master of St Petersburg in 1995 and for Disgrace in 2000 (the latter personally presented by Queen Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace),[36] and the 1987 Jerusalem Prize for the Freedom of the Individual in Society.[33][34][37] In 1998 Coetzee received the Lannan Literary Award for Fiction.[38]
On 27 September 2005 The South African government awarded Coetzee the Order of Mapungubwe (gold class) for his "exceptional contribution in the field of literature and for putting South Africa on the world stage."[39] In 2006, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society.[40] He holds honorary doctorates from The American University of Paris,[41] the University of Adelaide,[42] La Trobe University,[43] the University of Natal,[44] the University of Oxford,[6] Rhodes University,[45] the State University of New York at Buffalo,[34] the University of Strathclyde,[34] the University of Technology, Sydney,[46] the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań[47] and the Universidad Iberoamericana.[48]
In 2013, Richard Poplak of the Daily Maverick described Coetzee as "inarguably the most celebrated and decorated living English-language author".[49]
Adelaide
In 2004, the Lord Mayor of Adelaide handed Coetzee the keys to the city.[50]
In 2010, Coetzee was made an international ambassador for Adelaide Writers' Week, along with American novelist Susanna Moore and English poet Michael Hulse.[51]
Coetzee is patron of the J.M. Coetzee Centre for Creative Practice (JMCCCP), a research centre and cultural hub. The centre runs workshops with the aim of providing "a stimulating environment for emerging and established writers, scholars and musicians". Coetzee's work provides particular inspiration to encourage engagement with social and political issues, as well as music. The centre was established in 2015.[52]
In November 2014, Coetzee was honoured with a three-day academic conference, "JM Coetzee in the World", in Adelaide. It was called "the culmination of an enormous collaborative effort and the first event of its kind in Australia" and "a reflection of the deep esteem in which John Coetzee is held by Australian academia".[53]
Writers' Week
Coetzee first visited Adelaide in 1996 when he was invited to appear at Adelaide Writers' Week.[50] He subsequently made appearances at the literary festival in 2004,[54] 2010[55] (when he introduced Geoff Dyer)[56] and 2019 (when he introduced Marlene van Niekerk).[7]
Filosofía
South Africa
According to Fred Pfeil, Coetzee, André Brink and Breyten Breytenbach were at "the forefront of the anti-apartheid movement within Afrikaner literature and letters".[57] On accepting the Jerusalem Prize in 1987, Coetzee spoke of the limitations of art in South African society, whose structures had resulted in "deformed and stunted relations between human beings" and "a deformed and stunted inner life". He added, "South African literature is a literature in bondage. It is a less than fully human literature. It is exactly the kind of literature you would expect people to write from prison", and called on the South African government to abandon its apartheid policy.[37] The scholar Isidore Diala wrote that Coetzee, Nadine Gordimer, and Brink are "three of South Africa's most distinguished white writers, all with definite anti-apartheid commitment".[58]
It has been argued that Coetzee's 1999 novel Disgrace allegorises South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission.[59] Asked about his views on the TRC, Coetzee said, "In a state with no official religion, the TRC was somewhat anomalous: a court of a certain kind based to a large degree on Christian teaching and on a strand of Christian teaching accepted in their hearts by only a tiny proportion of the citizenry. Only the future will tell what the TRC managed to achieve".[60]
After his Australian citizenship ceremony, Coetzee said, "I did not so much leave South Africa, a country with which I retain strong emotional ties, but come to Australia. I came because from the time of my first visit in 1991, I was attracted by the free and generous spirit of the people, by the beauty of the land itself and—when I first saw Adelaide—by the grace of the city that I now have the honour of calling my home."[8] When he moved to Australia, Coetzee cited the South African government's lax attitude to crime in that country as a reason, leading to a spat with Thabo Mbeki, who said, "South Africa is not only a place of rape", referencing Coetzee's Disgrace.[61] In 1999, the African National Congress's submission to a South African Human Rights Commission investigation into racism in the media said that Disgrace depicted racist stereotypes.[62] But when Coetzee won the Nobel Prize, Mbeki congratulated him "on behalf of the South African nation and indeed the continent of Africa".[63]
Politics
Coetzee has never specified any political orientation, though has alluded to politics in his work. Writing about his past in the third person, Coetzee wrote in Doubling the Point:
Politically, the raznochinets can go either way. But during his student years he, this person, this subject, my subject, steers clear of the right. As a child in Worcester he has seen enough of the Afrikaner right, enough of its rant, to last him a lifetime. In fact, even before Worcester he has perhaps seen more of cruelty and violence than should have been allowed to a child. So as a student he moves on the fringes of the left without being part of the left. Sympathetic to the human concerns of the left, he is alienated, when the crunch comes, by its language—by all political language, in fact.[64]
Asked about the latter part of this quote in an interview, Coetzee answered, "There is no longer a left worth speaking of, and a language of the left. The language of politics, with its new economistic bent, is even more repellent than it was 15 years ago".[60]
In February 2016, Coetzee was one of 61 signatories to a letter to Australian prime minister Malcolm Turnbull and immigration minister Peter Dutton condemning their government's policy of offshore detention of asylum seekers.[65]
Law
In 2005, Coetzee criticised contemporary anti-terrorism laws as resembling those of South Africa's apartheid regime: "I used to think that the people who created [South Africa's] laws that effectively suspended the rule of law were moral barbarians. Now I know they were just pioneers ahead of their time".[66] The main character in Coetzee's 2007 Diary of a Bad Year, which has been described as blending "memoir with fiction, academic criticism with novelistic narration" and refusing "to recognize the border that has traditionally separated political theory from fictional narrative",[67] shares similar concerns about the policies of John Howard and George W. Bush.[68]
Animals
In recent years, Coetzee has become a vocal critic of cruelty to animals and an advocate of animal rights.[69] In a speech given on his behalf by Hugo Weaving in Sydney on 22 February 2007, Coetzee railed against the modern animal husbandry industry.[70] The speech was for Voiceless, the animal protection institute, an Australian nonprofit animal protection organization of which Coetzee became a patron in 2004.[71] Coetzee's fiction has similarly engaged with animal cruelty and animal welfare, especially The Lives of Animals, Disgrace, Elizabeth Costello, and The Old Woman and the Cats. He is a vegetarian.[72]
In 2008, at the behest of John Banville, who alerted him to the matter, Coetzee wrote to The Irish Times of his opposition to Trinity College Dublin's use of vivisection on animals for scientific research. He wrote: "I support the sentiments expressed by John Banville. There is no good reason—in fact there has never been any good reason, scientific or pedagogical—to require students to cut up living animals. Trinity College brings shame on itself by continuing with the practice."[73] Nearly nine years later, when TCD's continued (and, indeed, increasing) practice of vivisection featured in the news, a listener to the RTÉ Radio 1 weekday afternoon show Liveline pointed out that Banville had previously raised the matter but been ignored. Banville then telephoned Liveline to call the practice "absolutely disgraceful" and recalled how his and Coetzee's efforts to intervene had been to no avail: "I was passing by the front gates of Trinity one day and there was a group of mostly young women protesting and I was interested. I went over and I spoke to them and they said that vivisection experiments were being carried out in the college. This was a great surprise to me and a great shock, so I wrote a letter of protest to The Irish Times. Some lady professor from Trinity wrote back essentially saying Mr. Banville should stick to his books and leave us scientists to our valuable work." Asked if he received any other support for his stance in the letter he sent to The Irish Times, Banville replied, "No. I became entirely dispirited and I thought, 'Just shut up, John. Stay out of it because I'm not going to do any good'. If I had done any good I would have kept it on. I mean, I got John Coetzee—you know, the famous novelist J. M. Coetzee—I got him to write a letter to The Irish Times. I asked a lot of people."[74]
Coetzee wanted to be a candidate in the 2014 European Parliament election for the Dutch Party for the Animals, but the Dutch election board rejected his candidacy, arguing that candidates had to prove legal residence in the European Union.[75]
The South
From 2015 to 2018, Coetzee was a director of a seminar on the Literatures of the South at the Universidad Nacional de San Martín.[76] This involved writers and literary figures from Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and South America.[77] The aim of the seminars, one observer remarked, was "to develop comparative perspectives on the literature" and journalism of the three areas, "to establish new intellectual networks, and to build a corpus of translated works from across the South through collaborative publishing ventures."[78][77] At the same time he was involved in a research project in Australia, Other Worlds: Forms of World Literature, for which he led a theme on "Everyday Pleasures" that is also focused on the literatures of the South.[79]
Copyright/piracy
When asked in 2015 to address unofficial Iranian translations of foreign works—Iran does not recognize international copyright agreements—Coetzee stated his disapproval of the practice on moral grounds and wished to have it sent to journalistic organisations in that country.[80]
Vida personal
Public image
Coetzee is known to be reclusive, avoiding publicity to such an extent that he did not collect either of his two Booker Prizes in person.[61][81] The South African writer Rian Malan has said:
Coetzee is a man of almost monkish self-discipline and dedication. He does not drink, smoke, or eat meat. He cycles vast distances to keep fit and spends at least an hour at his writing-desk each morning, seven days a week. A colleague who has worked with him for more than a decade claims to have seen him laugh just once. An acquaintance has attended several dinner parties where Coetzee has uttered not a single word.[82]
Asked about this comment in an email interview, Coetzee replied, "I have met Rian Malan only once in my life. He does not know me and is not qualified to talk about my character."[83]
Because of his reclusiveness, signed copies of Coetzee's fiction are highly prized.[84] Recognising this, he was a key figure in the establishment of Oak Tree Press's First Chapter Series, which produces limited-edition signed works by literary greats to raise money for the child victims and orphans of the African HIV/AIDS crisis.[85]
Family and personal life
Coetzee married Philippa Jubber in 1963.[86] They divorced in 1980.[11] They had a son, Nicolas (born 1966), and a daughter, Gisela (born 1968).[86] Nicolas died in an accident in 1989 at the age of 23.[11][86][87][88][89]
On 6 March 2006, Coetzee became an Australian citizen,[8][90] and it has been argued that his "acquired 'Australianness' is deliberately adopted and stressed" by Australians.[53]
Coetzee's younger brother, the journalist David Coetzee, died in 2010.[91]
His partner, Dorothy Driver, is an academic at the University of Adelaide.[4][19]
Obras
Coetzee's first novel was Dusklands (1974) and he has continued to publish a novel about every three years. He has also written autobiographical novels, short fiction, translations from Dutch and Afrikaans, and numerous essays and works of criticism.
Novels
- Dusklands (1974) ISBN 0-14-024177-9
- In the Heart of the Country (1977) ISBN 0-14-006228-9
- Waiting for the Barbarians (1980) ISBN 0-14-006110-X
- Life & Times of Michael K (1983) ISBN 0-14-007448-1
- Foe (1986) ISBN 0-14-009623-X
- Age of Iron (1990) ISBN 0-14-027565-7
- The Master of Petersburg (1994) ISBN 0-14-023810-7
- Disgrace (1999) ISBN 978-0-14-311528-1
- Elizabeth Costello (2003) ISBN 0-670-03130-5
- Slow Man (2005) ISBN 0-670-03459-2
- Diary of a Bad Year (2007) ISBN 1-84655-120-X
- The Childhood of Jesus (2013) ISBN 978-1-84655-726-2
- The Schooldays of Jesus (2016) ISBN 978-1-91121-535-6
- The Death of Jesus (2019) ISBN 978-1-92226-828-0
Autobiographical novels
- Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life (1997) ISBN 0-14-026566-X
- Youth: Scenes from Provincial Life II (2002) ISBN 0-670-03102-X
- Summertime (2009) ISBN 1-84655-318-0
- Scenes from Provincial Life (2011) ISBN 1-84655-485-3. An edited single volume of Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life, Youth: Scenes from Provincial Life II, and Summertime.
Short fiction
- The Lives of Animals (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999) ISBN 0-691-07089-X
- Three Stories (Melbourne: Text Publishing, 2014) ISBN 9781922182562
- Siete cuentos morales (Barcelona: El Hilo de Ariadna/Literatura Random House, 2018)
Ver también
- List of African writers
- List of animal rights advocates
- List of vegetarians
Notas
- ^ While Coetzee is pronounced [kutˈsiə] in modern Afrikaans, Coetzee himself pronounces it [kutˈseː]. Consequently, the BBC recommends the English approximation /kʊtˈsiː/ kuut-SEE based on his pronunciation.[1]
Referencias
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- ^ a b O'Callaghan, Billy (22 June 2013). "Trying to unwrap the great Coetzee enigma". Irish Examiner. "His Cape ancestry begins as early as the 17th century with the arrival from Holland of one Dirk Couché..."
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- ^ a b "Adelaide Writers' Week 2019" (PDF). Retrieved 1 June 2019. Cite journal requires
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- ^ Attridge, Derek (2004). J. M. Coetzee and the Ethics of Reading: Literature in the Event. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-226-03117-0.
- ^ Richards Cooper, Rand (2 November 1997). "Portrait of the writer as an Afrikaner". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
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- ^ a b "Coetzee honoured in Poznan". Polskie Radio. 10 July 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2014. "His maternal great-grandfather was born in Czarnylas, Poland"
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- ^ Donadio, Rachel (3 January 2013). "Disgrace: JM Coetzee humiliates himself in Johannesburg. Or does he?". Daily Maverick. Archived from the original on 12 January 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
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- ^ a b Heaney, Claire (14 November 2014). "Is JM Coetzee an 'Australian writer'? The answer could be yes". The Guardian. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ Debelle, Penelope (3 March 2004). "Coetzee's curt answers". The Age. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
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- ^ Geoff Dyer, Adelaide Writers' Week. With J.M. Coetzee (p1) on YouTube
- ^ Pfeil, Fred (21 June 1986). "Sexual Healing". The Nation. Retrieved 21 February 2011.(subscription required)
- ^ Diala, Isidore (2002). "Nadine Gordimer, J. M. Coetzee, and André Brink: Guilt, expiation, and the reconciliation process in post-apartheid South Africa". Journal of Modern Literature. 25 (2): 50–68 [51]. doi:10.1353/jml.2003.0004. S2CID 162314336.
- ^ Poyner, Jane (2000). "Truth and Reconciliation in JM Coetzee's Disgrace (novel)". Scrutiny2: Issues in English Studies in Southern Africa. 5 (2): 67–77. doi:10.1080/18125440008565972. S2CID 144742571.
- ^ a b Poyner, Jane, ed. (2006). "J. M. Coetzee in Conversation with Jane Poyner". J. M. Coetzee and the Idea of the Public Intellectual. Athens: Ohio University Press. p. 22. ISBN 0-8214-1687-1. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ a b Pienaar, Hans (3 October 2003). "Brilliant yet Aloof, Coetzee at Last Wins Nobel Prize for Literature". The Independent. Retrieved 1 August 2009.[dead link]
- ^ Jolly, Rosemary (2006). "Going to the dogs: Humanity in J. M. Coetzee's Disgrace, The Lives of Animals, and South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission". In Poyner, Jane (ed.). J. M. Coetzee and the Idea of the Public Intellectual. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press. p. 149. ISBN 0-8214-1687-1. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ Laurence, Patrick (27 September 2007). "JM Coetzee Incites an ANC Egg-Dance". Helen Suzman Foundation. Archived from the original on 25 July 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2009.
- ^ Coetzee, J. M. (1992). Attwell, David (ed.). Doubling the Point: Essays and Interviews. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA. p. 394. ISBN 0-674-21518-4. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ Doherty, Ben; D'Souza, Ken (6 February 2016). "Asylum Policies 'Brutal and Shameful', Authors Tell Turnbull and Dutton". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 May 2016.
- ^ "Aussie laws 'like apartheid'". News24 archives. 24 October 2005. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ Moses, Michael Valdez (July 2008). "State of discontent: J.M. Coetzee's anti-political fiction". Reason. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ Hope, Deborah (25 August 2007). "Coetzee 'diary' targets PM". The Australian. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ Coetzee, J. M. (22 February 2007). "Animals can't speak for themselves – it's up to us to do it". The Age. Retrieved 2 August 2009.
- ^ Coetzee, J. M. (22 February 2007). "Voiceless: I feel therefore I am". Hugo Weaving at Random Scribblings. Archived from the original on 12 January 2014. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ "Who is Voiceless: John M Coetzee". Voiceless. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ "JM Coetzee on animal rights". Women24. Archived from the original on 12 January 2014. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ "Vivisection at Trinity". The Irish Times. 9 October 2008. Archived from the original on 1 April 2019.
- ^ Halpin, Hayley (21 August 2017). "'Why don't they volunteer themselves?': Trinity College criticised over animal testing – A total of 3,000 rats and 21,000 mice were used in Trinity College Dublin in 2016 alone". TheJournal.ie. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017. Note that the source's transcript is not exactly verbatim when compared to the actual radio recording.
- ^ Kiesraad (17 April 2014). "Validity of the lists of candidates for the European Parliament Elections established – News item – Kiesraad". english.kiesraad.nl. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
- ^ "Cátedra Coetzee: Literaturas del Sur". www.unsam.edu.ar.
- ^ a b See the Cátedra Coetzee: Literaturas del Sur website[full citation needed]
- ^ Halford, James (28 February 2017), "Southern Conversations: J.M. Coetzee in Buenos Aires", Sydney Review of Books7.
- ^ See the Other Worlds website
- ^ Dehghan, Saeed Kamali (29 July 2015). "The day I met EL Doctorow: from Persian translations to his view of a writer's duty". The Guardian. Retrieved 25 December 2018.
When I exchanged emails with Nobel laureate JM Coetzee in 2008, he asked me to pass on a statement to the Iranian news agencies[...]
- ^ Smith, Sandra (7 October 2003). "What to Say About ... JM Coetzee". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ Cowley, Jason (25 October 1999). "The New Statesman Profile – J M Coetzee". New Statesman. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ Quoted in J.C. Kannemeyer (2012), J.M. Coetzee: A Life in Writing, Scribe, p. 583.
- ^ "The reclusive Nobel Prize winner: JM Coetzee". South African Tourism. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ Bray, Nancy. "How The First Chapter Series Was Born". Booker Prize Foundation. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2009.
- ^ a b c "J. M. Coetzee". The Nobel Foundation. 2003. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
- ^ Gallagher, Susan (1991). A Story of South Africa: J. M. Coetzee's Fiction in Context. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 194. ISBN 0-674-83972-2.
- ^ Scanlan, Margaret (1997). "Incriminating documents: Nechaev and Dostoevsky in J. M. Coetzee's The Master of St Petersburg". Philological Quarterly. 76 (4): 463–477.
- ^ Pearlman, Mickey (18 September 2005). "J.M. Coetzee again sheds light on the 'black gloom' of isolation". Star Tribune. p. 14F.
- ^ Donadio, Rachel (16 December 2007). "Out of South Africa". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^ Whiteman, Kaye (26 March 2010). "David Coetzee obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
Otras lecturas
About Coetzee's work
- J. M. Coetzee at The New York Times - New York Times reviews of Coetzee's novels
- J. M. Coetzee: An Inventory of His Papers at the Harry Ransom Center (at the University of Texas at Austin)
- J. M. Coetzee's page as a member of the Australian Research Council project, 'Other Worlds: Forms of World Literature'
Nobel Prize (2003)
- J. M. Coetzee on Nobelprize.org
- J.M. Coetzee delivering his Nobel Lecture, "He and His Man", at the Swedish Academy, Stockholm (video). 7 December 2003.
- J. M. Coetzee at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive
By Coetzee
- Coetzee, J.M. (26 September 2019). "Australia's shame". The New York Review of Books. - Book review of No Friend But the Mountains by Behrouz Boochani (and other commentary relating to the Australian government's treatment of asylum seekers)
- J.M. Coetzee speaking at the Jaipur Literature Festival (video). 2011.
- J.M. Coetzee speaking at The University of Texas, Austin. 21 May 2010. Archived from the original (video) on 6 October 2010.
- The Lives of Animals, delivered for The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, Princeton, 1997
- "A Word from J. M. Coetzee", address read by Hugo Weaving at the opening of the exhibition "Voiceless: I Feel Therefore I Am" by Voiceless: The Animal Protection Institute, 22 February 2007, Sherman Galleries, Sydney, Australia