Most Seventh-day Adventists believe church co-founder Ellen G. White (1827–1915) was inspired by God as a prophet, today understood as a manifestation of the New Testament "gift of prophecy," as described in the official beliefs of the church.[1] Her works are officially considered to hold a secondary role to the Bible, but in practice there is wide variation among Adventists as to exactly how much authority should be attributed to her writings. With understanding she claimed was received in visions, White made administrative decisions and gave personal messages of encouragement or rebuke to church members. Seventh-day Adventists believe that only the Bible is sufficient for forming doctrines and beliefs,[2] a position Ellen White supported by statements inclusive of, "the Bible, and the Bible alone, is our rule of faith".[3]
The Adventist baptismal vows do not mention Ellen White specifically yet the set of 13 vows include:
The General Conference in session made supportive statements in 2010, 2005[6] and 1995:[7] "Her writings continue to be a most positive influence in the life of the Church, providing for it comfort, guidance, instruction, correction, and theological stimulus. Their study will constantly lead the Church back to the Bible as the very foundation of faith and practice."[6]
An earlier, unofficial list of 22 foundational beliefs first printed in 1931 served as a de facto standard placed less emphasis on White.
Adventists think of her inspiration as a manifestation of the spiritual gift of prophecy described in the New Testament. In particular, the 18th fundamental belief, titled "The Gift of Prophecy," mentions Ellen White's ministry.[9]
White recounts one situation where she said before a large congregation that she "did not claim to be a prophetess."[10] (emphasis in original) This statement generated much discussion and has been misunderstood since, to which she replied,