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Familia Embraer E-Jet
E170 / E175 / E190 / E195
N247JB KJFK (37103752403).jpg
Un JetBlue Airways ERJ-190
PapelAvión de pasajeros de fuselaje estrecho
origen nacionalBrasil
FabricanteEmbraer
Primer vuelo19 de febrero de 2002
Introducción17 de marzo de 2004 con LOT Polish Airlines
EstadoEn servicio
Usuarios primariosRepublic Airways
SkyWest Airlines
Envoy Air
Mesa Airlines
Producido2001-presente
Número construido1.596 Al 31 de marzo de 2021 [1]
VariantesEmbraer Lineage 1000
Desarrollado enFamilia Embraer E-Jet E2

La familia Embraer E-Jet es una serie de aviones de pasajeros bimotores de fuselaje estrecho de corto a mediano alcance , que transportan comercialmente de 66 a 124 pasajeros, fabricados por el fabricante aeroespacial brasileño Embraer . La familia de aviones se presentó por primera vez en el Salón Aeronáutico de París en 1999 y entró en producción en 2002. La serie ha sido un éxito comercial principalmente debido a su capacidad para atender de manera eficiente rutas de menor demanda al tiempo que ofrece muchas de las mismas comodidades y características de los aviones más grandes. . El avión es utilizado por aerolíneas principales y regionales de todo el mundo, pero ha demostrado ser particularmente popular entre las aerolíneas regionales en los Estados Unidos.

Desarrollo [ editar ]

Asientos de cuatro patas en un Virgin Australia E190

Embraer reveló por primera vez que estaba estudiando un nuevo avión de 70 asientos, al que llamó EMB 170, en 1997, al mismo tiempo que anunciaba el desarrollo de su ERJ 135 . [2] El EMB 170 debía presentar un ala nueva y un fuselaje de mayor diámetro acoplado a la nariz y la cabina del ERJ 145 . [3] El derivado propuesto habría costado $ 450 millones para desarrollar. [4] Mientras Alenia , Aerospatiale y British Aerospace a través de AI (R) estudiaban el Airjet 70 basado en el ATR 42/72 fuselage for a 2,200 km (1,200 nmi) range, AI(R) and Embraer were studying a joint development of a 70-seater jet since their separate projects were not yet launched.[5]

In February 1999, Embraer announced it had abandoned the derivative approach in favour of an all-new design.[6]The E-jet family was formally launched at the Paris Air Show on 14 June 1999[7] as the ERJ-170 and ERJ-190, designations later changed to Embraer 170 and Embraer 190. Launch customers for the aircraft were the French airline Régional Compagnie Aérienne Européenne with ten orders and five options for the E170; and the Swiss airline Crossair with an order for 30 E170s and 30 E190s.[8]

Production of parts to build the prototype and test airframes began in July 2000.[6] The first prototype (PP-XJE)[9] rolled out on October 29, 2001 [7] at São José dos Campos, Brazil. Its first flight occurred 119 days later on February 19, 2002, marking the beginning of a multi-year flight test campaign. The aircraft was displayed to the public in May 2002 at the Regional Airline Association convention. Full production began in 2002, at a new factory built by Embraer at its São José dos Campos base.[10]

After a positive response from the airline community, Embraer launched the E175, which stretched the fuselage of the E170 by 1.78 metres (5.8 ft).[11] The first flight of the E175 took place in June 2003.[12]In 2003, jetBlue ordered 100 Embraer 190s, delivered from 2005.[13]

After several delays in the certification process, the E170 received type certification from the aviation authorities of Brazil, Europe and the United States in February 2004.[12][14]

Introduction[edit]

LOT Polish Airlines operated the first E-jet commercial flight on 17 March 2004 with an E170.

The first E170s were delivered in the second week of March 2004 to LOT Polish Airlines, followed by Alitalia and US Airways-subsidiary MidAtlantic Airways[14][15]LOT operated the first commercial flight of an E-jet on 17 March 2004, from Warsaw to Vienna.[16]Launch customer Crossair had in the meantime ceased to exist after its takeover of Swissair; and fellow launch customer Régional Compagnie Aérienne deferred its order,[6] not receiving its first E-jet—an E190LR—until 2006.[17])

The first E175 was delivered to Air Canada and entered service in July 2005.

Production[edit]

In 2008, the 400th E-jet was delivered to Republic Airline in the U.S.[18]In September 2009, the 600th E-jet built was delivered to LOT Polish Airlines.[19]On October 10, 2012, Embraer delivered the 900th E-Jet to Kenya Airways, its 12th Ejet.[20]On 13 September 2013, the delivery of the 1,000th E-jet, an E175 to Republic Airlines for American Eagle, was marked by a ceremony held at the Embraer factory in São José dos Campos, with a special "1,000th E-Jet" decal above the cabin windows.[18][21]

On 6 December 2017, the 1,400th E-Jet was delivered, an E175; it had a backlog of over 150 firm orders on 30 September 2017.[22]On 18 December 2018, Embraer delivered the 1,500th E-Jet, an E175 to Alaska Air subsidiary Horizon Air, as Embraer claims an 80% market share of the North American 76-seaters. By then, the fleet had completed 25 million flight hours in 18 million cycles (an average of 1.4 h) with a 99.9% dependability.[23]

Operations[edit]

On 6 November 2008, the longest flight of an E190 was flown by JetBlue from Anchorage Airport to Buffalo International Airport over 2,694 nmi (4,989 km), a re-positioning flight after a two-month charter for Vice Presidential candidate Sarah Palin.[24][importance?]

On 14 October 2017, an Airlink Embraer 190-100IGW with 78 passengers aboard inaugurated the first scheduled commercial airline service in history to Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean, arriving at Saint Helena Airport after a flight of about six hours from Johannesburg, South Africa, with a stop at Windhoek, Namibia. The flight began a once-a-week scheduled service by Airlink between Johannesburg and Saint Helena using Embraer 190 aircraft.[25] The inaugural flight was only the second commercial flight to Saint Helena in the island's history, and the first since a chartered Airlink Avro RJ85 aterrizó en el aeropuerto de Santa Helena el 3 de mayo de 2017 [26].

E-Jets de segunda generación [ editar ]

Un E190-E2 de Widerøe , su operador de lanzamiento
Artículo principal: Familia Embraer E-Jet E2

En noviembre de 2011, Embraer anunció que desarrollaría versiones renovadas del E-Jet que se llamarían familia E-Jet E2. Los nuevos aviones contarían con motores mejorados que serían más eficientes en combustible y aprovecharían las nuevas tecnologías. [27] Más allá de los nuevos motores, la familia E2 también incluiría nuevas alas, aviónica mejorada y otras mejoras en la aeronave. La medida se produjo en medio de un período de altos costos mundiales de combustible y mejores posiciones de Embraer, ya que los competidores introdujeron aviones nuevos y más eficientes en combustible, incluido el Mitsubishi Regional Jet . [28] La nueva familia de aviones también incluye una variante mucho más grande, el E195-E2 capaz de transportar entre 120 y 146 pasajeros. Este avión posiciona mejor a Embraer frente al Airbus A220 de la competenciaaeronave. El PW1000G fue seleccionado previamente para su uso en aviones de la competencia.

En enero de 2013, Embraer seleccionó el motor turboventilador con engranajes Pratt & Whitney PW1000G para impulsar la familia E2. [29] [30] El 28 de febrero de 2018, el E190-E2 recibió su certificado de tipo de ANAC , FAA y EASA . [31] Está previsto que entre en servicio en el segundo trimestre de 2018. [32]

Diseño [ editar ]

La cabina de vuelo de un avión de la serie Embraer E-Jet de China Southern Airlines

La línea Embraer E-Jets está compuesta por dos familias comerciales principales y una variante de jet de negocios . Los E170 y E175 más pequeños conforman el modelo de avión base. Los E190 y E195 son versiones estiradas, con diferentes motores y estructuras de ala , estabilizador horizontal y tren de aterrizaje más grandes. El 170 y el 175 comparten un 95% en común, al igual que el 190 y el 195. Las dos familias comparten cerca del 89% en común, con secciones transversales de fuselaje y aviónica idénticas , con la suite Honeywell Primus Epic Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS). [13] Los E-jets también tienen aletas para mejorar la eficiencia.

Todos los E-Jets utilizan asientos de cuatro al lado (2 + 2) y tienen un diseño de "doble burbuja", que Embraer desarrolló para sus aviones comerciales de pasajeros, que proporciona espacio para la cabeza de pie. La serie de aviones E190 / 195 tiene capacidades similares a las versiones iniciales del McDonnell Douglas DC-9 y Boeing 737 . Los E-Jets tienen motores turbofan diseñados para reducir el ruido, lo que les permite operar en aeropuertos que tienen estrictas restricciones de ruido, como el London City Airport . [33] Con 185 pulgadas cuadradas (0,119 m 2 ), las ventanas del E-Jet son más grandes que las ventanas del Boeing 787 de 175 pulgadas cuadradas (0,113 m 2 ) . [34]

Variantes [ editar ]

E170 [ editar ]

El E170 es el avión más pequeño de la familia E-Jet y fue el primero en ingresar al servicio de ingresos en marzo de 2004. A partir de 2017, el E170 está prácticamente fuera de producción. [35] El E170 tiene capacidad para alrededor de 72 pasajeros en una configuración típica de clase única, 66 en una configuración de clase dual y hasta 78 en una configuración de alta densidad. El E170 compite directamente con el Bombardier CRJ700 y libremente con el turbohélice Bombardier Q400 .

El avión está propulsado por motores General Electric CF34-8E de 14.200 libras (62,28 kN) de empuje cada uno.

E175 [ editar ]

El E175 se entregó y entró en servicio por primera vez con Air Canada en julio de 2005.

El E175 es una versión ligeramente extendida del E170 y entró en servicio de ingresos por primera vez en julio de 2005. [12] El E175 normalmente tiene capacidad para 78 pasajeros en una configuración típica de clase única, 76 en una configuración de clase dual y hasta 88 en una configuración de clase única. configuración de alta densidad. Al igual que el E170, funciona con motores General Electric CF34 -8E de 14.200 libras (62,28 kN) de empuje cada uno. Compite con el Bombardier CRJ900 en el segmento de mercado que antes ocupaban los anteriores BAe 146 y Fokker 70 .

In late 2017, Embraer announced the E175SC (special configuration), limited to 70 seats like the E170 to take advantage of the E175 performance improvements, but still comply with US airline scope clauses limiting operators to 70 seats. Embraer is marketing the E175SC as a replacement for the older 70-seat Bombardier CRJ700 with better efficiency and a larger first class.[36]

In 2018, a new E175 has a value of US$27 million, projected to fall to US$3–8 million 13 years later due to their concentration in the US with more than 450 in service out of 560, with Republic and SkyWest operating over 120 each, Compass 35 and Envoy Air 90, after the similar experience with the CRJ200 and ERJ 145 demonstrates the limited remarketing opportunities.[37]

E190 and E195[edit]

The E190 launch customer jetBlue took its first delivery in 2005.
Flybe started E195 operations on 22 September 2006.

The E190/195 models are a larger stretch of the E170/175 models fitted with a new, larger wing, a larger horizontal stabilizer, two emergency overwing exits, and a new engine. The Embraer 190 is fitted with two underwing-mounted GE 34-8E-10 turbofan engines, rated at 82.29kN. The engines and engine nacelles are supplied by General Electric. The engines are equipped with full authority digital engine control (FADEC).

The fully redundant, computerized management system continuously optimizes the engine performance resulting in reduced fuel consumption and maintenance requirements. The aircraft carries 13,000kg of fuel and is fitted with a Parker Hannifin fuel system.

Two slightly different versions of the E190[38] and the E195[39] exist: LR and AR.

The aircraft is equipped with a Hamilton Sundstrand auxiliary power unit and electrical system. The GE CF34-10E, rated at 18,500 lb (82.30 kN), is the only powerplant offered for the aircraft. These aircraft compete with the Bombardier CRJ-1000 and Airbus A220-100, the Boeing 717, 737-500, and 737-600, and the Airbus A318. It can carry up to 100 passengers in a two-class configuration or up to 124 in the single-class high-density configuration.[40]

The first flight of the E190 was on March 12, 2004 (PP-XMA),[41] with the first flight of the E195 (PP-XMJ)[41] on December 7 of the same year. The launch customer of the E190 was New York-based low-cost carrier JetBlue with 100 orders options in 2003 and took its first delivery in 2005.[13] British low-cost carrier Flybe was the first operator of the E195, had 14 orders and 12 options, and started E195 operations on 22 September 2006.[42] Flybe have since decided that they would remove the aircraft from their fleet in favour of the Dash 8 Q400 and Embraer 175, in an effort to reduce costs, by 2020.[43]

Air Canada operated 18 E190 aircraft fitted with 9 business-class and 88 economy-class seats as part of its primary fleet. They were retired in May 2020. JetBlue, American Airlines, and Georgian Airways operate the E190 as part of their own fleet. Austrian Airlines have 17 E195 aircraft in their mainline fleet.[44]

By 2018, the first E190s value was below US$10 million and can be leased below US$100,000 per month, while most recent ones are worth US$30 million and can be leased for less than US$200,000 per month.[45]

Embraer Lineage 1000[edit]

Main article: Embraer Lineage 1000
Lineage 1000 cabin

On 2 May 2006, Embraer announced plans for the business jet variant of the E190, the Embraer Lineage 1000 (type name ERJ190-100 ECJ). It has the same structure as the E190, but with an extended range of up to 4,200 nmi (7,800 km), and luxury seating for up to 19. It was certified by the US Federal Aviation Administration on 7 January 2009. The first two production aircraft were delivered in December 2008.

Undeveloped variants[edit]

E195X[edit]

Embraer considered producing an aircraft which was known as the E195X, a stretched version of the E195. It would have seated approximately 130 passengers. The E195X was apparently a response to an American Airlines request for an aircraft to replace its McDonnell Douglas MD-80s.[46] Embraer abandoned plans for the 195X in May 2010, following concerns that its flight range would be too short.[47]

Operators[edit]

SkyWest Airlines is one of the largest E-jet operators.
Main article: List of Embraer E-Jet operators

As of July 2019, the Embraer fleet consists of the following aircraft:[48][49]

  • Embraer 170 (E170 or EMB 170-100) — 191 Embraer 170 aircraft have been delivered. Major operators include: Republic Airways (64), J-Air (18), S7 Airlines (17) and Air France Hop(15) Air Botswana(1).
  • Embraer 175 (E175 or EMB 170-200) — 634 Embraer 175 aircraft have been delivered, with an additional 181 under firm order. Major operators include: SkyWest Airlines (151), Republic Airways (148), Envoy Air (62), Mesa Airlines (60), and Horizon Air (North America)(30).
  • Embraer 190 (E190 or EMB 190-100) — 564 Embraer 190 aircraft have been delivered, with an additional 4 under firm order. Major operators include: JetBlue (60), Aeroméxico Connect (46), KLM Cityhopper (32), and Tianjin Airlines (31).
  • Embraer 195 (E195 or EMB 190-200) — 172 Embraer 195 aircraft have been delivered. Major operators include: Azul Brazilian Airlines (51), Tianjin Airlines (20), Austrian Airlines (17), LOT Polish Airlines (15) and Air Dolomiti (14).

Orders and deliveries[edit]

See also: Embraer E-Jet E2 family

List of Embraer's E-Jet family deliveries and orders:

ModelDeliveriesFirm Order Backlog
E170191—
E175668130
E1905653
E195172—
Total1,596133

Source: Embraer's order book as of March 31, 2021.[49]

Accidents and incidents[edit]

The E-jet was involved in 21 incidents involving seven hull losses.[50] Of the seven hull-losses, one is an accident causing 44 fatalities, one is criminal causing 33 fatalities, while one hijacking caused 2 fatalities among hijackers, the remaining caused no fatalities.[51]

Accidents with fatalities[edit]

  • On 24 August 2010, Henan Airlines Flight 8387, an E190 that departed from Harbin, People's Republic of China, crash-landed about 1 km short of the runway at Yichun Lindu Airport, resulting in 44 deaths.[52]
  • On 29 June 2012, during Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554 in China, six passengers carrying explosives stood up and announced a hijacking but were subdued by the other occupants, the E190 returned to Hotan Airport where the hijackers were apprehended and two of them later died in hospital from injuries received in the fight.[53]
  • On 29 November 2013, LAM Mozambique Airlines Flight 470, an E190, crashed in Namibia, killing all 33 aboard (27 passengers, 6 crew members) by the deliberate actions of the pilot.[54] The first officer reportedly left the cockpit to use the bathroom. He was then locked out by the captain, who dramatically reduced the aircraft's altitude and ignored various automated warnings ahead of the high-speed impact.[55]

Hull losses with no fatalities[edit]

  • On 17 July 2007, Aero República Flight 7330 overran the runway while landing at Simón Bolívar International Airport in Santa Marta, Colombia. The E190 slid down an embankment off the side of the runway and came to rest with the nose in shallow water. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair, but all 60 aboard evacuated unharmed.[56]
  • On 16 September 2011, an E190 operated by TAME landed long and ran off the end of the runway at Mariscal Sucre International Airport in Quito, colliding with approach equipment and a brick wall. The crew reportedly failed to adhere to the manufacturer's procedures in the event of a flap malfunction, continuing the approach in spite of the aircraft's condition. Eleven of the 103 aboard received minor injuries, and the aircraft was written off.[57]
  • On 31 July 2018, Aeroméxico Connect Flight 2431, an E190 bound for Mexico City, crashed in Durango, Mexico shortly after takeoff. 99 passengers and 4 crew were on board. Although there were no fatalities, the aircraft was destroyed by the ensuing fire.[58] The probable cause was attributed to "loss of control [...] by low altitude windshear that caused a loss of speed and lift" with contributing factors from the crew and the Navigation Services.[59]

Other incidents[edit]

  • On 18 February 2007, Shuttle America Flight 6448 (an E170 operating for Delta Connection) ran off the runway on landing at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport, Ohio in poor visibility during a snowstorm. None of the 75 passengers and crew aboard were injured, and the aircraft, while significantly damaged, was repaired and returned to service.[60]
  • On 4 December 2016, SkyWest Airlines flight 5588, an E175 operating as a United Express flight from Houston Intercontinental Airport, Texas to Monterrey, Mexico, was diverted to San Antonio International Airport, Texas after experiencing an abnormal landing gear indication. Upon landing, the nose gear of the aircraft collapsed, and the aircraft came to rest on runway 04. Of the 51 passengers and 4 crew members, only one minor injury was sustained during the evacuation. During recovery of the aircraft, it was discovered that a failed downlock spring on the nose gear had prevented the landing gear from locking in the down position.[61][62]
  • On 12 May 2019, Myanmar National Airlines E190 flight UB-103 to Mandalay, Myanmar had to land without the nosewheel, which failed to deploy. There were no casualties reported among the 82 passengers and 7 crew.[63]
  • On 6 November 2019, a Republic Airways E175 operating American Eagle Flight 4439 returned to Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport after suffering severe controllability issues after takeoff: ATC flight data recorded the crew stating a "trim runaway" and a "stalling situation". The data shows the aircraft rapidly climbing to 15,100 ft (4,600 m), slowing down to 160 knots (300 km/h), while performing nearly two full right turns.[64][65][66][67][68][69]

Specifications[edit]

Flight crew2 pilots
CabinE170[70]E175[71]E190[72]E195[40]
Single class seats72@32" - 78@30-33"78@32" - 88@29"100@31/32" - 114@29/30”116@31/32" - 124@29-31"
Dual class seats66 (6F@40", 60Y@32")76 (12F@36", 64Y@31")96 (8F@38", 88@31")100 (12F@42", 88Y@33")
Height × width2.00m × 2.74m / 6 ft 7in × 9 ft 0in
DimensionsE170[73]E175[74]E190[75]E195[76]
Length29.90m / 98 ft 1in31.68m / 103 ft 11in36.24m / 118 ft 11in38.65m / 126 ft 10in
Wingspan26.00m / 85 ft 4in28.72 m / 94 ft 3in
Wing area72.72m² / 783 ft²[77]92.53m² / 996 ft²[78]
Aspect ratio9.38.91
Height9.85m / 32 ft 4in9.86m / 32 ft 4in10.57m / 34 ft 8in10.55m / 34 ft 7in
Maximum takeoff (AR)38,600 kg / 85,098 lb40,370 kg / 89,000 lb51,800 kg / 114,199 lb52,290 kg / 115,280 lb
Basic Operating21,141 kg / 46,608 lb21,890 kg / 48,259 lb27,837 kg / 61,370 lb28,667 kg / 63,200 lb
Max payload9,759 kg / 21,515 lb10,110 kg / 22,289 lb13,063 kg / 28,800 lb13,933 kg / 30,716 lb
Max fuel9,335 kg / 20,580 lb12,971 kg / 28,596 lb
PowerplantE170[79] / E175[80]E190[81] / E195[82]
Turbofans2× GE CF34-8E2× GE CF34-10E
Thrust2× 14,200 lbf (63 kN)2× 20,000 lbf (89 kN)
PerformanceE170[83]E175[84]E190[85]E195[86]
Max. speed / ceilingMach .82 (470 kn; 871 km/h; 541 mph) @ 41,000 ft (12,000 m)
CruiseMach .75 (430 kn; 797 km/h; 495 mph)Mach .78 (447 kn; 829 km/h; 515 mph)
Range[a]2,150nmi / 3,982 km2,200nmi / 4,074 km2,450nmi / 4,537 km2,300nmi / 4,260 km
Takeoff (MTOW, ISA, SL)1,644m / 5,394 ft2,244m / 7,362 ft2,100m / 6,890 ft2,179m / 7,149 ft
Landing (MLW, ISA, SL)1,241m / 4,072 ft1,261m / 4,137 ft1,244m / 4,081 ft1,275m / 4,183 ft

See also[edit]

E190 planform view

Related development

  • Embraer Lineage 1000
  • Embraer E-Jet E2 family

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

  • Airbus A220-100 (2017, 108–128 seats)
  • Airbus A318 (2003–2013, 107–132 seats)
  • Antonov An-148 (2009–, 68–99 seats)
  • Boeing 717 (1999–2006, 106–134 seats)
  • Boeing 737-600 (1998–2006, 108–130 seats)
  • Bombardier CRJ700 series (2001–, 66–104 seats)
  • Comac ARJ21 (2016–, 78–105 seats)
  • Sukhoi Superjet 100 (2011–, 87–108 seats)

Related lists

  • List of jet airliners
  • List of civil aircraft
  • List of active Brazilian military aircraft

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ 100 nm alternate, typical mission reserves

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ [1], Embraer.com, Official PDF Document, retrieved 8 May 2021
  2. ^ Walker, Karen; Lopez, Ramon (12 March 1997). "Embraer seeks Paris show launch for new 37-seat regional turbofan". Flight International. 151 (4565). Reed Business Information. p. 4.
  3. ^ "Paris report '97: Continental Express is eager for small regional jet". Flight International. 151 (4579). Reed Business Information. 25 June 1997. p. 10.
  4. ^ Max Kingsley-Jones (2 July 1997). "Reversal of fortunes". Flight International.
  5. ^ "AI(R) and Embraer start talks on joint 70-seat regional-jet". Flight International. 25 June 1997.
  6. ^ a b c Paul Lewis (23 Oct 2001). "New by design". Flight International.
  7. ^ a b "Embraer 170". Embraer Historical Center. Archived from the original on 2016-05-10. Retrieved 2017-05-02.
  8. ^ "Embraer ERJ-170". Flug Revue. Archived from the original on 3 February 2010.
  9. ^ "Embraer 170/175 - MSN 1 - PP-XJE". airfleets.net.
  10. ^ Kingsley-Jones, Max; Wastnage, Justin (28 August 2001). "World Airliners: Regional Realities" (PDF). Flight International. 160 (4795): 49.
  11. ^ Linares, Luis (2017-04-14). "Flashback Friday: The Embraer E-Jet Family". Airways Magazine. Retrieved 2017-11-11.
  12. ^ a b c "Embraer 170". Aerospace-technology.com. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2012-10-16.[unreliable source?]
  13. ^ a b c jetBlue CEO Laments Embraer 190 Costs AWIN First, Jens Flottau, Apr 22, 2013
  14. ^ a b Polek, Gregory (March 30, 2007). "Embraer 170 finds its bearings as first airplanes enter service". ainonline.com. Aviation International News. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
  15. ^ "EMBRAER DELIVERS TWO EMBRAER 170 JETS TO US AIRWAYS" (Press release). São José dos Campos, Brazil: Embraer. 8 March 2004. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
  16. ^ History - LOT Polish Airlines retrieved 30 October 2013
  17. ^ Régional Compagnie Aérienne Européenne fleet list at planespotters.net Archived 2013-11-01 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 30 October 2013
  18. ^ a b Polek, Gregory (16 September 2013). "Embraer Sets Sights Beyond 1,000th E-Jet Delivery". ainonline.com. Aviation International News. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
  19. ^ "600th production E-Jet delivered to LOT - News". Shephard Media. 2009-09-15.
  20. ^ "Kenya Airways receives Embraer's 900th E-Jet". CAPA. 2012-10-10. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
  21. ^ Baldwin, Bernie (October–November 2013). "On to the next 1,000". Low-Fare & Regional Airlines. 30 (5): 14.
  22. ^ @embraer (6 Dec 2017). "We delivered #EJet 1,400 today. @AmericanAir subsidiary #EnvoyAir will fly the #E175 for American Eagle" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  23. ^ "Embraer Delivers its 1,500th E-Jet to Horizon Air" (Press release). Embraer. Dec 18, 2018.
  24. ^ Mutzabaugh, Ben (2008-11-07). "JetBlue sets world record with McCain-Palin campaign plane". Usatoday.com. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
  25. ^ "First flight lands on remote St Helena". BBC News. 14 October 2017.
  26. ^ "St. Helena sees maiden commercial pax flight".
  27. ^ "Embraer Commits to re-engined E-Jets". Flight Global. November 10, 2011.
  28. ^ Arvai, Ernest S.; Schonland, Dr. Addison M. (2016-11-10). Embraer E-Jets E2: Building on Success. AirInsight. ISBN 9781539631583.
  29. ^ Polek, Gregory (January 8, 2013). "Embraer To Re-engine E-Jets with Geared Turbofan". AINonline. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  30. ^ "Pratt & Whitney wins contract for Embraer's new E-Jets". Reuters. 8 January 2013. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  31. ^ "Embraer E190-E2 Granted Certification by ANAC, FAA and EASA" (Press release). Embraer. Feb 28, 2018.
  32. ^ "Embraer Selects Pratt & Whitney's PurePower Engines for Second Generation of E-Jets". Embraer. January 8, 2013. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved March 5, 2013.
  33. ^ "List of permitted aircraft on LCY" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-01.
  34. ^ "Embraer 175 Two-Class Aircraft Information | Alaska Airlines". Alaska Airlines. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
  35. ^ Hemmerdinger, Jon (2 October 2017). "SkyWest orders another 20 E-Jets". Flightglobal.com. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  36. ^ Hemmerdinger, Jon (26 September 2017). "Embraer targets CRJ700 operators with new E175-SC". Flightglobal.
  37. ^ Aircraft Value News (November 12, 2018). "E175 Concentration Starts to Impact Values".
  38. ^ https://www.embraercommercialaviation.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Embraer_spec_190_web.pdf
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External links[edit]

  • Official Embraer E-Jets website
  • Satoshi Yokota (November 2003). "EMBRAER 170/190 Program". Embraer.
  • "Embraer 170 Airport Planning Manual" (PDF). Embraer. 9 Oct 2015.
  • "Embraer 175 Airport Planning Manual" (PDF). Embraer. 9 Oct 2015.
  • "Embraer 190 Airport Planning Manual" (PDF). Embraer. 9 Oct 2015.
  • "Embraer 195 Airport Planning Manual" (PDF). Embraer. 9 Oct 2015.