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Ruta 895 del estado de Nueva York
Sheridan Boulevard
Mapa del Bronx en la ciudad de Nueva York con NY 895 resaltada en rojo
Información de ruta
Mantenido por NYSDOT
Largo1,29 mi [1] (2,08 km)
Historia
  • Completado en 1963 como I-278 [2]
  • Renumerado a I-895 el 1 de enero de 1970 [3]
  • Retirado como interestatal el 24 de septiembre de 2017 [4]
Uniones principales
Extremo sur I-278 en Hunts Point
extremo norte I-95 en West Farms
Localización
CondadosBronx
Sistema de carreteras
← NY-890.svg NY 890→ NY-961F.svg NY 961F

La ruta 895 del estado de Nueva York ( NY 895 ; anteriormente la carretera interestatal 895 o I-895 ) es un bulevar corto en el distrito del Bronx de la ciudad de Nueva York . Su extremo sur se fusiona con Bruckner Expressway ( I-278 ) en el vecindario de Hunts Point , y su extremo norte está en Cross Bronx Expressway ( I-95 ), con una breve continuación que conecta con las calles locales de West Farms . NY 895 se conoce localmente como Sheridan Boulevard o simplemente The Sheridan .

La autopista se abrió al tráfico en 1963 como una autopista de acceso controlado conocida como Arthur V. Sheridan Expressway , y recibió una designación de ruta interestatal en 1970. La autopista recibió el nombre conjunto del Comisionado de Obras Públicas del condado del Bronx Arthur V. Sheridan , quien murió en un accidente automovilístico en 1952. Se suponía que la I-895 se conectaría de nuevo con la I-95, su ruta principal, más al norte en Eastchester . Sin embargo, debido a la oposición de la comunidad, esta extensión nunca se construyó. Como resultado, la I-895 tuvo relativamente poco uso, ya que corría paralela a la más larga Bronx River Parkway .

En la década de 1990, los grupos comunitarios comenzaron a abogar por que la I-895 fuera degradada a un bulevar. Estos grupos mencionaron el impacto negativo de Sheridan Expressway en la comunidad. En las décadas de 2000 y 2010, la ciudad y el estado investigaron formas de integrar Sheridan con la comunidad vecina. La I-895 fue degradada a una ruta estatal en septiembre de 2017, en preparación para su conversión en Sheridan Boulevard. La conversión de NY 895 en un bulevar comenzó en septiembre de 2018 y se completó el 11 de diciembre de 2019.

Descripción de la ruta [ editar ]

Señales de guía aéreas para Sheridan en Bruckner Expressway , antes de que la I-895 fuera desmantelada en 2017

NY 895 comienza en la salida 49 de la I-278 , también conocida como Bruckner Expressway , en el vecindario Hunts Point del Bronx. La carretera de 6 carriles se dirige hacia el norte, paralela al río Bronx y las vías del ferrocarril Northeast Corridor, propiedad de Amtrak . Hay un intercambio de grados separados, que es para Westchester Avenue, aproximadamente 0,6 millas (1,0 km) al norte de la división de Bruckner Expressway. [5] [6]

Luego, la carretera se curva ligeramente hacia el noroeste y una carretera secundaria comienza a ser paralela a la carretera en el lado este hasta que termina en un callejón sin salida en East Tremont . Al norte de Jennings Street, el West Farms Road bidireccional también es paralelo a la carretera en su lado oeste. El Sheridan cruza por debajo de East 174th Street y termina oficialmente en un intercambio con Cross Bronx Expressway (I-95) en East Tremont. La carretera continúa más allá de Cross Bronx como un conector corto a las calles locales de West Farms . [5] [6]

Para toda su ruta, NY 895 es paralela al río Bronx , que se encuentra al este de la carretera. Amtrak 's Corredor Noreste también corre paralela tanto al río Bronx NY y 895, que cruza el río Bronx al norte de la Avenida Westchester. [5] [6] [7] : 22 El metro de Nueva York 's Avenida Whitlock estación, servido por el 6 de tren, se encuentra por encima y junto a la autopista al sur de la Avenida Westchester. [7] : 57

Historia [ editar ]

Historia temprana [ editar ]

En 1941, el Departamento de Planificación de la ciudad de Nueva York y el planificador de la ciudad, Robert Moses, propusieron una ruta de autopista corta para conectar la autopista Bronx Crosstown (ahora la autopista Cross Bronx) y la autopista Southern Boulevard Express (ahora la autopista Bruckner). [8] [7] : 10 La nueva carretera sería una alternativa a Bronx River Parkway que podría ser utilizada por vehículos comerciales, ya que estos vehículos estaban prohibidos en las avenidas en Nueva York . La ruta originalmente se llamó Bronx River Expressway . [9] [10] En agosto de 1952, tras la muerte de Arthur V. Sheridan , presidente del condado del Bronx.James J. Lyons propuso cambiar el nombre de la carretera planeada después de Sheridan. [9] [11] La ley que promulga el cambio de nombre fue firmada por el alcalde Vincent R. Impellitteri el 18 de febrero de 1953. [12]

Interestatal 895
LocalizaciónEl Bronx
Largo1,29 mi [1] (2,08 km)
Existió1970 [3] –2017 [4]

La construcción comenzó en 1958. [7] : 10 La carretera fue construida paralela al río Bronx en el antiguo sitio de Starlight Park , un parque de diversiones que fue condenado a proporcionar el derecho de paso para las vías rápidas de Sheridan y Cross Bronx. Como parte del proyecto, se creó en su lugar un parque de la ciudad, también llamado Starlight Park. [8] [13] [14] También se creó un parque adicional, Daniel Boone Playground, en un terreno condenado por la autopista. [15] Miles de residentes fueron desplazados por la construcción de la autopista. [7] : 10 Una parcela de 1 acre (0,40 ha) en la esquina sureste del Zoológico del Bronxtambién fue adquirida para la expansión propuesta de la carretera más allá de la autopista Cross Bronx Expressway, [16] a pesar de que la Sheridan Expressway finalmente no se construyó tan lejos. [7] : 10 La autopista de $ 9,5 millones se abrió al tráfico el 6 de febrero de 1963. [2] [17]

Un mapa de carreteras de 1964 que muestra la parte completa de la autopista (verde) y la extensión sin construir (rojo).

A lo largo de los años, la autopista ha recibido varias designaciones interestatales. Originalmente fue designado como I-695 a fines de 1958. A principios de 1959, la designación de la carretera se cambió a I-895. Más tarde ese año, sin embargo, la I-278 fue desviada para usar la autopista Sheridan. Esta fue la designación de la carretera cuando se inauguró en 1963. El 1 de enero de 1970, la I-278 se realineó para seguir la Autopista Bruckner hacia el este hasta el Intercambio Bruckner mientras que la Autopista Sheridan fue redesignada como I-895. [3]

La autopista Sheridan se planeó originalmente para extenderse hacia el noreste hasta la autopista New England Thruway (I-95) en Eastchester, justo al norte de Co-op City , creando un atajo hacia Nueva Inglaterra y una ruta directa a Nueva Inglaterra desde el puente Triborough . [7] : 10 [18] [19] : 79 La extensión se habría construido a lo largo de Boston Road ( Ruta 1 de EE. UU. ) A través de Bronx Park y Northeast Bronx. [7] : 10 [20]Poco después de la apertura del primer segmento de la autopista, se proyectó que la construcción de la primera extensión de Bronx River Parkway comenzaría en 1965, y el segmento final de New England Thruway en 1967. [18] Sin embargo, el proyecto, al igual que otras carreteras de Robert Moses, enfrentaron una creciente oposición de la comunidad. [21] [7] : 10 [19] : 80 Fue cancelado por el gobernador Nelson Rockefeller en 1971, un año antes de su finalización prevista. [8]

Debido a la cancelación de la extensión, Sheridan se ve a nivel local como una carretera corta con muy poca utilidad, que sirve los mismos movimientos que la autopista Major Deegan Expressway ( I-87 ) y Bronx River Parkway . [21] [22] [23] En 2011, el Departamento de Transporte de la Ciudad de Nueva York y la Corporación de Desarrollo Económico de la Ciudad de Nueva York llevaron a cabo un estudio de los camiones que entraban y salían del Mercado Cooperativo de Hunts Point., a large food market located near the Sheridan Expressway's south end. The study found that only 19% of drivers headed to or from Hunts Point Market used the Sheridan, while an average of 51% of drivers used the Bruckner Expressway and another 30% used local streets.[7]:23

Refurbishment and decommissioning plan[edit]

Bicycling on the Sheridan during Transportation Alternatives' 2007 "Tour de Bronx"

The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) started studying ways to reduce congestion and improve safety at the Sheridan Expressway's southern interchange with the Bruckner Expressway.[7]:13 The NYSDOT proposed expanding the highway in the late 1990s.[21][7]:13 The plan faced opposition rooted in claims of environmental justice from community groups, most notably the Southern Bronx River Watershed Alliance, which proposed an alternative that called for the expressway to be replaced with affordable housing, schools, and a park.[19]:87[24] At the time, the nearby, parallel Bronx River Parkway saw twice as many daily vehicles as did the Sheridan Expressway:[24] in 2001, I-895 carried 37,000 daily vehicles, while the Bronx River Parkway carried 60,000 to 100,000 daily vehicles.[25] Residents also opposed a proposal to connect the expressway with Hunts Point Market to the south, saying that the NYSDOT had not consulted them about plans for the connection.[26] Some community groups created an alliance called the Southern Bronx River Watershed Alliance (SBRWA), which began devising plans for removing the highway.[7]:13

In 2001, the NYSDOT again started looking at ways to improve I-895, especially at the Bruckner Expressway junction, a source of congestion due to a merge in the southbound/westbound directions. Local groups advocated for the Sheridan Expressway's removal because it isolated Hunts Point from the rest of the Bronx, and proposed that new ramps from the Bruckner Expressway be built for trucks going to Hunts Point Market. However, the NYSDOT stated that removing the highway would force expressway traffic to use local streets instead.[25] An environmental impact statement was started in 2003. In a final scoping document for the proposal in 2003, the NYSDOT conducted studies of the neighborhood and found that the best option was to make the intersection with Bruckner Expressway a full interchange, with the Sheridan Expressway able to access both directions of the expressway and vice versa. The Sheridan Expressway itself would be decommissioned, and several alternatives all proposed easier access to Hunts Point Market.[27]

In 2008, the NYSDOT announced that it was holding talks with community officials for an alternative community plan.[28] The plan gained momentum in July 2010.[23] However, the state opposed the plan to demolish the highway, citing a study showing that local traffic would be worsened. At this point, the highway saw 50,000 daily vehicles.[29] The dispute between the local community and the city and state governments led to a stalemate, what the Daily News called a "crossroads" and "a road to nowhere".[30] On June 11, 2012, the Daily News reported that the administration of New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg was also opposed to the removal.[31] In 2013, the city conducted a study of the Sheridan Expressway. The study recommended downgrading the expressway into an at-grade boulevard, connecting the three parks along the Sheridan Expressway waterfront, and creating or improving vehicular ramps between Sheridan Expressway, Bruckner Expressway, and the Hunts Point neighborhood.[7]:48 The decommissioning proposal consisted of two options: retaining the separate West Farms Road parallel to Sheridan Expressway, or combining Sheridan Expressway and West Farms Road. Both proposals involved demolishing the frontage road east of the expressway.[7]:29

Conversion to boulevard[edit]

NY 895 (Sheridan Blvd)

In March 2017, Governor Andrew Cuomo announced that the expressway would be replaced with a boulevard.[32][33] The 2017 New York State budget included $97 million for decommissioning the Interstate designation and the Sheridan Expressway, as recommended by the New York City Council and New York City Department of Transportation. Another $600 million was later added to the state budget for decommissioning the highway,[33] bringing the total budget to nearly $700 million.[32] The decommissioning would comprise the first phase of a project that would cost a total of $1.8 billion.[33] On September 24, 2017, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials decommissioned Interstate 895, and the road was redesignated New York State Route 895 (NY 895). However, the signs for I-895 were not immediately replaced with NY 895 shields.[4]

The plans called for the expressway to be demolished and converted into a lower-speed boulevard called "Sheridan Boulevard" by 2019. The new boulevard would include traffic lights at Jennings, 172nd, and 173rd Streets, with crosswalks that connect the residential area on the current expressway's west side with Starlight Park on its east. The boulevard would run parallel to West Farms Road, in a manner similar to the first of the city's two proposals for downgrading the highway.[34] As of 2017, the park was only accessible via the East 174th Street bridge that crosses both the expressway and the Bronx River. The project is expected to improve pedestrian safety and access to both Starlight Park and the Bronx River shoreline.[33][32] Exit ramps to Edgewater Road would be built from southbound Sheridan Boulevard, as well as from both directions of Bruckner Expressway, providing direct access to Hunts Point Market; most of the project's cost would come from building these ramps.[33] At the time of the proposal, up to 13,000 trucks per day[32] simply detoured through local streets to get to the market, which elicited complaints from residents.[33]

The Federal Highway Administration (FHA)'s acting head wrote a letter to NYSDOT officials in June 2018, stating that the NYSDOT "provide[d] adequate justification" to downgrade the former I-895 into a boulevard.[35] The federal government approved the conversion of NY 895 into a boulevard on September 19, 2018. The NYSDOT immediately announced that work would begin on decommissioning the highway within a week, and that the project would be complete by late 2019.[35][36] The conversion was completed on December 11, 2019.[37] The state also announced in mid-2019 that it would start construction on the exit ramp to Edgewater Road from the southbound boulevard.[38]

Major intersections[edit]

The entire route is in the New York City borough of the Bronx. All exits are unnumbered.

Locationmi[1][6][39]kmDestinationsNotes
Hunts Point0.000.00 I-278 west to I-87 – Robert F. Kennedy BridgeSouthern terminus; exit 49 on I-278
0.200.32Bruckner BoulevardNorthbound entrance only
Edgewater Road – Hunts Point MarketProposed interchange[40]
0.610.98Westchester Avenue – Hunts Point MarketNo southbound entrance
West Farms1.292.08 I-95 south (Cross Bronx Expressway) – George Washington BridgeNo northbound entrance; exit 4A on I-95
1.52.4I-95.svgBronx River Pkwy Shield.svg East 177th Street / East Tremont Avenue to I-95 north / Bronx River ParkwayNorthern terminus; at-grade intersection
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  •       Incomplete access
  •       Unopened

See also[edit]

  •  New York City portal
  •  U.S. roads portal

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c "2008 Traffic Volume Report for New York State" (PDF). New York State Department of Transportation. June 16, 2009. p. 247. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 27, 2012. Retrieved February 1, 2010.
  2. ^ a b "Expressway Link To Open Feb. 6" (PDF). Times Union. Albany, NY. January 6, 1963. p. A3. Retrieved February 20, 2017 – via Fultonhistory.com.
  3. ^ a b c State of New York Department of Transportation (January 1, 1970). Official Description of Touring Routes in New York State (PDF). Retrieved July 13, 2010.
  4. ^ a b c Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering (September 24, 2017). "Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering" (PDF) (Report). Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 3, 2019. Retrieved October 21, 2017.
  5. ^ a b c Microsoft; Nokia (August 14, 2015). "Overview map of NY 895/Sheridan Expressway" (Map). Bing Maps. Microsoft. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
  6. ^ a b c d Google (January 9, 2016). "Sheridan Expressway" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "The Sheridan Expressway Study: Reconnecting the Neighborhoods Around the Sheridan Expressway and Improving Access to Hunts Point" (PDF). City of New York. December 2013. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
  8. ^ a b c "Starlight Park: History". New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
  9. ^ a b "Lyons for Expressway Change". The New York Times. August 21, 1952. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
  10. ^ Moses, Robert (November 11, 1945). "New Highways for a Better New York; We have started a program, says Mr. Moses, which will give us a less congested and more comfortable and accessible city". The New York Times. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
  11. ^ "Sheridan Expressway – Historical Sign". New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. Retrieved April 4, 2010.
  12. ^ "Call It Sheridan Expressway" (PDF). New York Post. February 18, 1953. Retrieved February 20, 2017 – via Fultonhistory.com.
  13. ^ "Chapter 2: Greenway Route from South to North" (PDF). Bronx River Greenway Strategic Plan. Bronx River Alliance. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
  14. ^ "Photo Report on Progress of Cross Bronx Expressway" (PDF). New York Post. April 30, 1950. Retrieved February 27, 2017 – via Fultonhistory.com.
  15. ^ "Daniel Boone Playground: History". New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
  16. ^ "PARK LAND SLICED BY CITY ROAD JOBS; Five Areas Affected, but an Over-All Gain in Play Sites Is Expected From Work HEARING ON CAFE TODAY Moses Makes New Appeal for Central Park Spot as 2 More Groups Oppose It PARK LAND SLICED BY CITY ROAD JOBS" (PDF). The New York Times. July 28, 1960. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
  17. ^ "Expressway to Open" (PDF). Yonkers Herald Statesman. February 4, 1963. Retrieved February 20, 2017 – via Fultonhistory.com.
  18. ^ a b 30 Years of Progress: 1934-1965 (PDF). New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. June 9, 1964. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
  19. ^ a b c Bullard, R.D.; Johnson, G.S.; Torres, A.O. (2004). Highway Robbery: Transportation Racism & New Routes to Equity. South End Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-89608-704-0. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  20. ^ "Moses' Postwar Highway Plan To Affect North Bronx Sector" (PDF). The Daily Argus. North Bronx. April 5, 1945. Retrieved February 20, 2017 – via Fultonhistory.com.
  21. ^ a b c Muoio, Danielle (July 9, 2017). "A hated, mile-long highway shows an overlooked problem with America's infrastructure - but it could soon come crumbling down". Business Insider. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  22. ^ "Southern Bronx River Watershed Alliance Stand On Sheridan During Rush Hour" (PDF) (Press release). Southern Bronx River Watershed Alliance. July 21, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 7, 2013. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
  23. ^ a b Dolnick, Sam (July 12, 2010). "Plan to Remove Bronx Expressway Gains Traction". The New York Times. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
  24. ^ a b Lakhman, Marina (January 3, 1999). "NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT: EAST TREMONT; The Greening of a Highway". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  25. ^ a b O'Grady, Jim (November 11, 2001). "NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT: BRONX UP CLOSE; Sheridan's Fork in the Road: Either Fix It or Kill It". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  26. ^ Copage, Eric V (August 22, 1999). "NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT: HUNTS POINT; Face-Off Over Highway Link". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  27. ^ "Final Public Scoping Document for the New York State Department of Transportation's Bruckner-Sheridan Interchange Reconstruction EIS". New York State Department of Transportation. September 4, 2003. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  28. ^ "Conclusion of Public Scoping and Alternative Design Refinement Process" (Press release). New York State Department of Transportation. August 7, 2008. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  29. ^ Dolnick, Sam (July 13, 2010). "Local Traffic Would Worsen Without Sheridan, Study Shows". The New York Times. Retrieved August 9, 2010.
  30. ^ Beekman, Daniel (July 20, 2010). "Sheridan at crossroads: Local advocates want expressway closed, but DOT warns of traffic snafus". Daily News. New York. Retrieved August 9, 2010.
  31. ^ Deekman, Daniel (June 11, 2012). "Transportation officials nix Sheridan Expressway removal". Daily News. New York. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
  32. ^ a b c d Durkin, Erin (March 19, 2017). "Cuomo announces Sheridan Expressway to be demolished in favor of pedestrian boulevard in the Bronx". New York Daily News. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  33. ^ a b c d e f McGeehan, Patrick (March 19, 2017). "Cuomo Plots Demise of Bronx's Unloved Sheridan Expressway". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  34. ^ Sheridan Blvd Overall Plan. governor.ny.gov. New York State Department of Transportation. 2017. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
  35. ^ a b Rivoli, Dan (September 19, 2018). "Feds pave way to transform the Bronx's Sheridan Expressway". New York Daily News. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
  36. ^ Walker, Ameena (September 20, 2018). "Bronx's Sheridan Expressway overhaul gets federal approval". Curbed NY. Retrieved October 16, 2019.
  37. ^ Barone, Vincent (December 11, 2019). "State finishes Sheridan Boulevard conversion to boost Bronx River waterfront access". www.amny.com. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  38. ^ "State preps $1.7B contract to move forward with Hunts Point highway project". amNewYork. June 3, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  39. ^ "Bronx County Inventory Listing" (CSV). New York State Department of Transportation. August 7, 2015. Retrieved September 5, 2017.
  40. ^ "Close Up Views Ramp". New York State Department of Transportation. March 19, 2017. Retrieved July 12, 2018.

External links[edit]

Route map:

KML file (edit • help)
KML is from Wikidata
  • Interstate 895 at New York Routes
  • Sheridan Expressway at NYCRoads.com