El College Scholastic Ability Test o CSAT ( coreano : 대학 수학 능력 시험 , hanja :大學 修 學 能力 試驗), también abreviado Suneung ( coreano : 수능 , hanja :修 能), es un examen estandarizado reconocido por las universidades de Corea del Sur . El Instituto Coreano de Currículo y Evaluación (KICE) administra la prueba anual el tercer jueves de noviembre. [1] [2] [3] En 2020, sin embargo, se pospuso para el primer jueves de diciembre (3 de diciembre). [4]
Prueba de habilidad académica universitaria | |
Hangul | 대학 수학 능력 시험 |
---|---|
Hanja | 大學修 學能力試驗 |
Romanización revisada | Daehak suhak neungryeok siheom |
McCune – Reischauer | Taehak suhak nŭngryŏk sihŏm |
Aunque el CSAT fue diseñado originalmente para evaluar la capacidad académica requerida para la universidad, actualmente es una prueba nacional de graduación para estudiantes de secundaria. Al determinar la universidad a la que puede ingresar un estudiante, juega un papel importante en la educación de Corea del Sur . La prueba ha sido citada por su eficiencia, énfasis en el mérito y buenos resultados internacionales. [5] De los estudiantes que toman la prueba, el 20 por ciento son graduados de la escuela secundaria que no alcanzaron el puntaje deseado el año anterior. [6]
El día del examen, las bolsas de valores abren hasta tarde y se aumenta el servicio de autobús y metro para evitar atascos y permitir que los estudiantes lleguen a los lugares de examen con mayor facilidad. Los aviones están conectados a tierra para que su ruido no moleste a los estudiantes. En algunos casos, los estudiantes que llegan tarde a la prueba pueden ser acompañados por agentes de policía a su lugar de prueba . Los estudiantes más jóvenes y los miembros de las familias de los estudiantes se reúnen fuera de los sitios de prueba para animarlos. [6] [7]
Esquema
Propósito
El CSAT está diseñado para evaluar la capacidad de un candidato para estudiar en la universidad, con preguntas basadas en el plan de estudios de la escuela secundaria de Corea. Estandariza la educación secundaria y proporciona datos precisos y objetivos para la admisión a la universidad. [8]
Calendario
Todas las preguntas son de opción múltiple, excepto la segunda parte de la sección de matemáticas. [9]
Período | Sujeto | Hora | Numero de preguntas | Puntos | Notas |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Los candidatos deben ingresar a la sala de pruebas antes de las 08:10. Para el segundo al quinto período, los estudiantes deben ingresar 10 minutos antes de que comience la prueba. | |||||
1 | coreano | 08: 40-10: 00 (80 min.) | 45 | 100 | |
Tiempo de descanso: 10: 00-10: 20 (20 min) | |||||
2 | Matemáticas | 10: 30-12: 10 (100 min.) | 30 | 100 |
|
Almuerzo: 12: 10-13: 00 (50 min.) | |||||
3 | inglés | 13: 10-14: 20 (70 min.) | 45 | 100 |
|
Receso: 14: 20-14: 40 (20 min.) | |||||
4 | Historia coreana Materias subordinadas (estudios sociales, ciencias, educación vocacional) | 14: 50-16: 32 (102 minutos en total) | |||
Historia coreana | 14: 50-15: 20 (30 min.) | 20 | 50 |
| |
Colección de trabajos de prueba para la historia de Corea y distribución de artículos sobre temas subordinados | 15: 20-15: 30 (10 min.) |
| |||
Primeros sujetos subordinados | 15: 30-16: 00 (30 min.) | 20 | 50 |
| |
Colección de trabajos de prueba para las primeras asignaturas subordinadas | 16: 00-16: 02 (2 min.) | ||||
Segundos sujetos subordinados | 16: 02-16: 32 (30 min.) | 20 | 50 | ||
Receso: 16: 32-16: 50 (18 min.) | |||||
5 | Segunda lengua extranjera / chino clásico | 17: 00-17: 40 (40 min.) | 30 | 50 |
|
Secciones
El CSAT consta de seis secciones: idioma nacional ( coreano ), matemáticas, inglés, historia coreana, materias subordinadas (estudios sociales, ciencias y educación vocacional) y segunda lengua extranjera / caracteres chinos y clásicos. Todas las secciones son opcionales, excepto la historia de Corea, pero la mayoría de los candidatos toman todas las demás secciones, excepto la segunda lengua extranjera / caracteres chinos y clásicos. En la sección de matemáticas, los candidatos toman el tipo Ga (가형) o Na (나형); el primero es más difícil. Las materias subordinadas se dividen en tres secciones: estudios sociales, ciencias y educación vocacional. Los candidatos pueden elegir hasta dos materias, pero no pueden seleccionar de diferentes secciones al mismo tiempo; Física II y Biología I pueden ser elegidas para la sección subordinada ya que ambas están en la sección de Ciencias, pero la historia mundial y los principios de contabilidad pueden no serlo; la primera está en la sección de estudios sociales y la última en educación vocacional. Solo los graduados de la escuela secundaria vocacional pueden elegir la sección de educación vocacional. En la sección de segunda lengua extranjera / caracteres chinos y clásicos, el candidato elige una asignatura. La mayoría de las universidades de alto rango requieren que los solicitantes tomen dos asignaturas subordinadas de ciencias y escriban Ga en la sección de matemáticas si solicitan una especialización STEM, y no aceptan asignaturas subordinadas en el mismo campo (como Física I y Física II). [8]
idioma nacional
En la sección de idioma nacional, se evalúa a los candidatos en función de su capacidad para leer, comprender y analizar textos coreanos de forma rápida y precisa. Sus 45 preguntas de la asignatura se clasifican en cuatro categorías:
- Habla y escritura (10 preguntas)
- Gramática (5)
- Lectura (15)
- Literatura (15)
Habla y escritura
Esta categoría consta de tres pasajes escritos con 10 preguntas. El primer pasaje es el guión de una conferencia o programa de radio (discurso), el segundo es el guión de un debate sobre un artículo (discurso y escritura) y el último es un ensayo argumentativo (escritura). Aunque el nombre de la categoría contiene la palabra "discurso", los candidatos solo leen los guiones escritos.
Gramática
Esta categoría consta de cinco preguntas, dos de las cuales se relacionan con un pasaje determinado. Se evalúa a los candidatos en función de su capacidad para aplicar sus conocimientos de gramática coreana , hangul e historia coreana desde el siglo XV hasta el presente.
Leer
Esta categoría consta de tres artículos, cada uno con cuatro, cinco o seis preguntas. Los artículos extensos tratan sobre temas abstractos y complicados como la física, la ingeniería, la economía, el derecho, la filosofía o la estética. Los temas pueden estar relacionados. Los candidatos deben responder preguntas como, "De las cinco declaraciones a continuación, ¿cuál NO está de acuerdo con el pasaje anterior?" o "Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es el análisis correcto del siguiente ejemplo?"
Literatura
Esta categoría consta de cuatro textos, cada uno con tres a seis preguntas. El primer texto es una comparación de una novela coreana moderna y un escenario o obra de teatro . El segundo es una comparación de dos poemas coreanos modernos . El tercero es parte de una novela coreana o pansori y el último es un poema coreano, ambos escritos entre las épocas de Silla y Joseon (la Edad Media Occidental ). Los candidatos deben determinar qué respuesta es la impresión más precisa del texto dado.
Matemáticas
La sección de matemáticas se divide en dos tipos: Ga y Na. El tipo Ga, que generalmente toman los estudiantes que solicitan una especialización en ciencias naturales, se basa en cálculo, geometría, vectores y probabilidad y estadística, todos los cuales se enseñan en la escuela secundaria. El tipo Na, que generalmente toman los estudiantes que solicitan las humanidades, se basa en probabilidad y estadística. La mayoría de los candidatos eligen una cuando toman el CSAT.
Tipo | Asunto base | Contenido |
---|---|---|
Georgia | Cálculo | Límite de secuencia: Introducción al límite , límite de una secuencia , serie , teorema de compresión II. Límite y continuidad de la función: Límite de una función , función continua , valor extremo teorema , valor intermedio teorema III. Derivación de la función polinomial: Definición de derivada y su aplicación a la función polinomial , teorema del valor medio , máximos y mínimos IV. Integración de la función polinomial: Definición de antiderivada e integral , teorema fundamental del cálculo. V. Funciones exponenciales y logarítmicas y sus derivadas VI. Función trigonométrica: Radian , funciones trigonométricas y su derivada VII. Derivaciones: regla del cociente , regla de la cadena , derivada de la función inversa , segunda derivada VIII. Integraciones: Integración por partes , integración por sustitución , principio de Cavalieri |
Geometría y vector | I. Curva sobre plano: sección cónica , función implícita y su derivación, parámetro II. Vector en plano: Vector y sus operaciones, vector de posición , vector plano, espacio de producto interno , producto externo III. Figura tridimensional y coordenada: Teorema de tres perpendiculares, proyección ortográfica , ecuación de una esfera. IV. Vector en tres dimensiones: Operaciones del vector en tres dimensiones, ecuación de un plano | |
Ambas cosas | Probabilidades y estadísticas | I. Permutación y combinación: número de resultados, regla de la suma , regla del producto , permutación , combinación , teorema del binomio , partición de entero y conjunto II. Probability: Probability, conditional probability III. Statistics: Discrete random variable, probability distribution, estimation |
Subordinate subjects
Section | Field | Subject | Related major | Contents |
---|---|---|---|---|
Social studies | Ethics | Life and ethics | Philosophy | Introduction to ethics, teleological and deontological ethics, Thomas Aquinas, Stoicism, Immanuel Kant, utilitarianism, virtue ethics, John Rawls, Alasdair MacIntyre, Jürgen Habermas |
Ethics and thought | Eastern philosophy: Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, Korean philosophy Western philosophy: Sophism, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Epicureanism, Stoicism, Hellenism, Christianity, Scholasticus, Protestantism, Empiricism, Rationalism, Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, David Hume, René Descartes, Baruch Spinoza, utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham, Kant, practical ethics, existentialism, virtue ethics, communitarianism, democracy, social contract, natural law, capitalism, socialism | |||
Geography | Korean geography | Geography | Geography, ecosystem and climate of the Korean peninsula, Korean geography-based industrial structure, provincial specialties, North Korea | |
World geography | World map, climate by latitude, unique landforms, distributions of ethnic groups, languages, and resources, globalization, regional conflicts | |||
History | East Asian history | History | History of Korea, China, Japan, and Vietnam | |
World history | History of the world, especially Eurasia | |||
Political science | Politics and law | Law Political science International relations | Political and legal philosophy, electoral system, constitutional law, presidential, parliamentary and dual-executive system, history of Korean politics, civil, criminal and social law of Korea, international law | |
Economics | Economics | Division of labor, supply and demand, unemployment, inflation, trade, exchange rate, asset management, history of Korean economics | ||
Society and culture | Sociology Anthropology | Structural functionalism, conflict theories, symbolic interactionism, social research, socialization, social groups, deviance, anomie, Émile Durkheim, Robert K. Merton, culture, social inequality, Marxian class theory, social stratification, poverty, gender, welfare, modernization theory, evolutionary theory, industrialisation, unemployment, globalization | ||
Science | Physics | Physics I | Physics | Classical mechanics in one dimension, theory of relativity, electromagnetism: electromagnetic induction and Faraday's law, wave properties, semiconductor principles, torque, Archimedes' principle, Pascal's law, Bernoulli's principle, laws of thermodynamics |
Physics II | I. Classical mechanics: Classical mechanics in two dimensions, harmonic oscillator, laws of thermodynamics, proof of ideal gas law
| |||
Chemistry | Chemistry I | Chemistry | Chemical formula, Avogadro constant, mole, periodic table, Bohr model, atomic orbital, spin, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund's rules, Aufbau principle, octet rule, covalent bond, ionic bonding, coordinate covalent bond, Bond dipole moment, acid-base, redox, DNA | |
Chemistry II | Van der Waals force, hydrogen bond, ideal gas equation, mole fraction, Dalton's law, cubic crystal system, Raoult's law, vapor pressure, Heat of reaction, Hess's law, enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, Chemical equilibrium: phase diagram, solubility equilibrium, ionization equilibrium, buffer solution | |||
Biology | Biology I | Biology | DNA, genes, chromosomes, cell structure division and cycle, Mendelian inheritance, anatomy, Adenosine triphosphate, ecology | |
Biology II | Deeper version of Biology I, Hardy–Weinberg principle, evolution | |||
Earth science | Earth science I | Geology Astrophysics | Atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere Terrain of Korean peninsula, earthquake, volcano, weathering, landslide, weather, tsunami, environmental pollution, climate change Universe: Star, Earth, Sun, sunspot, Moon, eclipse, extraterrestrial life | |
Earth science II | Seismic wave, Earth's gravity and magnetic field, mineral, magma, sedimentary and metamorphic rock, hydrodynamic equilibrium, adiabatic process, Ekman spiral, sea water, atmospheric circulation, star, Milky Way, Big Bang, dark energy | |||
Vocational education | Agriculture science | Understanding agriculture | ||
Basic technology | ||||
Engineering | General engineering | |||
Basic drawing | ||||
Commerce | Commercial economics | |||
Principles of accounting | ||||
Oceanography | Understanding oceans | |||
Fishing and shipping | ||||
Home economics | Human development | |||
Service industries |
- Second foreign Language/Classical Chinese
- German I
- French I
- Spanish I
- Chinese I
- Japanese I
- Russian I
- Arabic I
- Vietnamese I
- Classical Chinese I
Administration
High-school graduates and students about to graduate high school may take the test. After the KICE prints test papers and OMR cards, they are distributed three days before the test to each test area. In 2018, there were 85 test areas.
Test monitors are middle- or high-school teachers. Superintendents of each education office decide who will monitor and where they will go. There are two test monitors for each period, except for the fourth period (which has three, because of test-paper collection). Most testing rooms are high-school classrooms, and there is a 28-candidate limit in each room.
Except for the English and Korean-history sections, grades are based on a stanine curve. Grade, percentile, and a standard score for each section and subject are added to the transcript. The standard score is calculated by the following formula:
and are standard scores. is the standard deviation of the standard score, and is its average. In the national-language and mathematics sections, is 20 and is 100. For the rest, is 10 and is 50. is calculated by the following formula:
is the candidate's original score. is the average of the original candidate scores. is the candidate's standard deviation.
Ejemplos de
Although the CSAT is compared to the US SAT, their relative importance is different.
Mathematics
The 30th problem in type Ga of the 2016 CSAT was:
A function defined for , where is a constant, and a quartic function whose leading coefficient is satisfy the three conditions below:
A) For all real numbers , such that , .
B) For two different real numbers and , has the same local maximum at and . ()
C) has more local extrema than does.
. Find the minimum of .
The 29th mathematics problem in the 1996 CSAT had an all-time low correct-response rate of 0.08 percent:
If two equations and have 7 and 9 solutions respectively and a set is an infinite set, , the number of elements in 's subset, varies according to the values of and . Find the maximum of .
The 29th problem in mathematics subject type B (the former Ga) of the 2013 CSAT follows:
and are points on the sphere . and are the foots of two perpendiculars from and to the plane respectively. and are the foots of two perpendiculars from and to the plane respectively. Find the maximum of .
English
The following question appeared on 2010 CSAT, and had a correct-response rate of 9.77 percent. The paragraph is excerpted from John Leofric Stocks' "The Limits of Purpose":
So far as you are wholly concentrated on bringing about a certain result, clearly, the quicker and easier it is brought about the better. Your resolve to secure a sufficiency of food for yourself and your family will induce you to spend weary days in tilling the ground and tending livestock; but if Nature provided food and meat in abundance ready for the table, you would thank Nature for sparing you much labor and consider yourself so much the better off. An executed purpose, in short, is a transaction in which the time and energy spent on the execution are balanced against the resulting assets, and the ideal case is one in which__________________. Purpose, then, justifies the efforts it exacts only conditionally, by their fruits.
- demand exceeds supply, resulting in greater returns
- life becomes fruitful with our endless pursuit of dreams
- the time and energy are limitless and assets are abundant
- Nature does not reward those who do not exert efforts
- the former approximates to zero and the latter to infinity
Prueba preliminar de capacidad académica universitaria
The Preliminary College Scholastic Ability Test (PCSAT) is administered nationally. The relationship between PCSAT and CSAT is comparable to that between the PSAT and the SAT. The PCSAT is divided into two categories: the National United Achievement Tests (NUAT) and the College Scholastic Ability Test Simulation (CSAT Simulation). These tests are more similar to the CSAT than privately-administered mock tests, since the PCSAT's examiner committee is similar to that of the CSAT. The CSAT Simulation is hosted by the same institution as the CSAT, and is used to predict the level of difficulty or types of questions which might appear on that year's CSAT.
Although the NUAT and the CSAT Simulation are similar to the CSAT in their number of candidates, types of questions and relative difficulty, the NUAT is hosted by the Ministry of Education for high-school students. The CSAT Simulation is run by KICE and may be taken by anyone who is eligible for the CSAT. Both exams are reliable, official mock tests for the CSAT, and both are graded by the KICE.
National United Achievement Test
The National United Achievement Test (NUAT, Korean: 전국연합학력평가,[10]; Hanja: 全國聯合學力評價) is administered in the same way as the CSAT, and was introduced in 2002 to relieve dependence on private mock tests. High-school students may apply to take the test, and local education offices decide whether it will be administered in their districts. Every office of education in South Korea normally participates in the NUAT to prepare students for the CSAT, and the number of applicants parallels the CSAT. The Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education,[11] Busan Metropolitan Office of Education[12] (freshmen and sophomores), Gyeonggi-do Office of Education,[13] and Incheon Office of Education[14] take turns creating the questions, and the KICE grades the test and issues report cards.
The basic structure of the exam is identical to the CSAT. For mathematics, social studies, science and second language, its range is determined by when it is conducted.[15][16] In the Korean and English sections, the questions are not directly from textbooks but are constructed in accordance with the curriculum.
As of 2014, there are four NUATs per year; it is not the same for every district,however, and some have only two exams per year for freshmen and sophomores. The NUAT for freshmen and sophomores is held in March, June, September and November; seniors are tested in March, April, July and October to avoid conflict with June and September, when the CSAT Simulation is given.
Administering institutions
- March: Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (seniors; freshmen and sophomores, 2006–2009, 2014), Busan Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, 2010–2013)
- April: Gyeonggi-do Office of Education (seniors, since 2003)
- June: Busan Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, 2014), Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores 2002–2004, 2010–2013; seniors 2002), Incheon Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores 2005–2009)
- July: Incheon Office of Education (seniors since 2007), Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (2005)[17]
- September: Incheon Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores since 2010), Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores 2004–2008), Busan Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores 2009)
- October: Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (seniors)
- November: Gyeonggi-do Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, except 2003)
- December: Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen 2003)[18]
College Scholastic Ability Test Simulation
The College Scholastic Ability Test Simulation (CSAT Simulation, Korean: 대학수학능력시험 모의평가[19]) is given by KICE. Unlike the NUAT, anyone who is eligible for the CSAT may also take this test. The CSAT Simulation was introduced after the CSAT failed to set the proper difficulty level in 2001 and 2002.[clarification needed] First implemented in 2002, it was held only in September during its early years. The test has been given twice a year, in June and September, since 2004. It covers everything in the curriculum for the Korean- and second-language sections, and two-thirds of what the CSAT covers for the other sections. The September exam covers everything in every section, like the CSAT. The number of questions and test time per section is identical to the CSAT.
Historia
Since the liberation of Korea, South Korea has changed its methods of university and college admission from twelve to sixteen times.[20] The policies ranged from allowing colleges to choose students to outlawing hagwons. Parents and students have had difficulty adjusting to the changes.[21] The changes have been cited as evidence of systemic instability and the sensitivity of the admission process to public opinion.[22]
University and college admissions were first left to the universities, and the first CSAT incarnation appeared at the beginning of 1960. The Supreme Council for National Reconstruction established an early CSAT from 1962 to 1963 as a qualification test for students. Due to the small number of students passing the test, colleges soon had a student shortage. The admissions process was criticized as inefficient, and the government scrapped the policy from 1964 to 1968. A similar policy was adopted in 1969 by the Third Republic of Korea, and the new test was the Preliminary College Entrance Examination (대학입학예비고사); it continued, mostly unchanged, until 1981.[21][22][23] That year, the policy was significantly changed. The test name was changed to Preliminary College Preparations Examination (대학예비고사), and hagwons (cram schools) were outlawed. In 1982, the test name was changed again to College Entrance Strength Test (대입학력고사).[21][22]
The current CSAT system was established in 1993, and has undergone several revisions since then.[2][24] In 2004, the government of South Korea introduced a 2008 College Admissions Change Proposal; however, it failed to bring about significant changes.[21]
En la actualidad
The test, based on national-standard textbooks, is designed to encourage cognitive skills. The Korea Institute of Curriculum and Evaluation creates the problems, prints and corrects the tests, supervises the test-making, and sets the test fee. The problems are created by KICE members who are university professors and high-school teachers. Two groups make the problems: one creates them, and the other checks them. The creators are primarily professors, although high-school teachers have been included since 2000. The problem-checkers are high-school teachers. Both groups sign non-disclosure agreements with the KICE. In 2012, there was a total of 696 staff members involved in creating the problems. A member of the group earns about $300 per day.[25]
The 2016 subjects were national language, mathematics, English, Korean history, social studies/science/vocational education, and foreign language/Hanja. Although students may choose all (or some) of the subjects, Korean history is required.
Social studies is divided into life and ethics, ethics and thought, Korean and world geography, East Asian and world history, law and politics, society and culture, and economics; students may choose two subjects. In the science section, students can choose two subjects from Physics 1 and 2, Chemistry 1 and 2, Biology 1 and 2, and Earth Science 1 and 2. Vocational education is divided into agricultural science, industry, commerce, oceanography, and home economics; students must choose one subject. However, vocational education may only be taken if the student has completed 80 percent of the expert studies.[clarification needed] Foreign language is divided into German 1, French 1, Spanish 1, Chinese 1, Japanese 1, Russian 1, Arabic 1, basic Vietnamese, and Hanja 1. Students can choose one subject.[24]
After the test, the administrators collect, scan and correct them. The test correction (confirming the documentation and grades) and printing the results take about one month.[24]
The test is taken seriously and day-to-day operations are halted or delayed on test day.[6] Neither students nor administrators may bring in cell phones, books, newspapers, food, or any other material which could distract other test-takers. Most complaints after the test involve administrator actions such as talking, opening windows, standing in front of a desk, sniffling, clicking a computer mouse, or eating candy. Administrators are warned against doing anything which could distract students in any way.[26]
Crítica
Pressure to perform well on the CSAT has been linked to psychological stress, depression and suicide.[27][28]
Numero de aplicantes
- 1993–1997 (5th Education Curriculum)
Year | 1993 (1st) | 1993 (2nd) | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicants | 742,668 | 750,181 | 781,749 | 840,661 | 824,368 | 885,321 |
Examinees | 716,326 | 726,634 | 757,488 | 809,867 | 795,338 | 854,272 |
- 1998–2003 (6th Education Curriculum)
Year | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicants | 868,643 | 896,122 | 872,297 | 739,129 | 675,759 | 673,585 |
Examinees | 832,223 | 868,366 | 850,305 | 718,441 | 655,384 | 642,583 |
- 2004–2015 (7th Education Curriculum, 2007 and 2009 revisions)
Year | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicants | 610,257 | 593,806 | 588,899 | 584,934 | 588,839 | 677,834 | 712,227 | 693,634 | 668,527 | 650,747 | 640,619 | 631,184 |
Examinees | 574,218 | 554,345 | 551,884 | 550,588 | 559,475 | 638,216 | 668,991 | 648,946 | 620,723 | 606,813 | 594,617 | 585,332 |
- 2016–2020 (2009 and 2011 revisions)
Year | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicants | 605,988 | 593,527 | 594,924 | 548,734 | 493,433 |
Examinees | 552,297 | 531,327 | 530,220 | 484,737 | 421,034 |
Ver también
- Education in South Korea
- List of universities and colleges in South Korea
- College admissions in South Korea
- Programme for International Student Assessment
- Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study
Referencias
- ^ "Member Research Institute". NRCS. Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ^ "2017년 대학수학능력시험부터 문과 • 이과 구분 폐지 검토…한국사 필수". Sportworldi.com. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ^ Wilde, Erik (1999), "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)", Wilde’s WWW, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 173–262, ISBN 978-3-642-95857-1, retrieved November 12, 2020
- ^ "The One-shot Society". The Economist Limited Newspaper 2013. December 17, 2011. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ^ a b c "South Korean students' 'year of hell' culminates with exams day". Cable News Network. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ^ The All-Work, No-Play Culture Of South Korean Education
- ^ a b c "Plan for 2019 CSAT". www.moe.go.kr. Retrieved May 16, 2019.
- ^ "KICE's homepage introducing CSAT". www.suneung.re.kr. Retrieved May 16, 2019.
- ^ ko:전국연합학력평가
- ^ "서울특별시교육청 학력평가 자료실". Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education.
- ^ "부산광역시교육청 학력평가 자료실". Busan Metropolitan Office of Education. Archived from the original on November 8, 2014.
- ^ "경기도교육청 학력평가 자료실". Gyeonggi-do Office of Education.
- ^ "인천시교육청 학력평가 자료실". Incheon Office of Education.
- ^ As of 2013, mathematics, social studies and science section on March exams covers the previous year's curriculum for freshmen and sophomores; in other months, the exams normally follows the curriculum. For freshmen, there are ethics, Korean history, geography, and general social studies in the social-studies section; physics, chemistry, biology, and earth science in the science section. The categories are the same for sophomores only on the March exam. After March, social studies include all subjects: geography of Korea, world geography, East Asian history, world history, law and politics, economics, society and culture, life and ethics, and ethics and thought; the science section covers level I subjects (Physics I, Chemistry I, Biology I, and Earth Science I).
- ^ As of 2014, the Career Exploration and Second Language sections are tested only in the year's last exam: the November exam for sophomores and the October exam for seniors. The Career Exploration section covers every subject, and the Second Language section covers German, French, Spanish, Japanese, Chinese, and Russian.
- ^ The Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education temporarily took charge of testing in 2005, and it was taken over by the Incheon Office of Education in 2007.
- ^ It was a special occasion to take the exam in December instead of November. Sophomores took the NUAT prepared by KICE.
- ^ ko:대학수학능력시험#.EB.8C.80.ED.95.99.EC.88.98.ED.95.99.EB.8A.A5.EB.A0.A5.EC.8B.9C.ED.97.98 .EB.AA.A8.EC.9D.98.ED.8F.89.EA.B0.80
- ^ "수능 대박나세요!". NAVER Corp. Archived from the original on October 12, 2013. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ a b c d "대입제도 변천사, 4년마다 손질… 입시현장 혼선 초래". Segye.com. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ a b c "입시제도". Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ "대학입학예비고사[preliminary college entrance examination,大學入學豫備考査]". Doosan Cooperation. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ a b c "대학수학능력시험[大學修學能力試驗]". Doosan Corporation. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ "수능시험일 감독관도 '조심 또 조심'". NAVER Corp. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ The Psychological Well-being of East Asian Youth. V 2. Quality of Life in Asia. Yi, Chin-Chun. Academic Achievement-Oriented Society and Its Relationship to the Psychological Well-Being of Korean Adolescents. 2013-01-01. A Ahn, Sun-Young. Baek, Hye-Jeong. P 265-279
- ^ Liang Choon Wang, The Deadly Effect of High-Stakes Testing on Teenagers with Reference-Dependent Preferences, [1]
enlaces externos
- Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology
- Korea Institute for Curriculum and Evaluation
- College Scholastic Ability Test
- Castle, Jody-Lan (March 3, 2016). "Top 10 exam rituals from stressed students across Asia". BBC.